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Transformational
Leadership-The Mantra for
a Value Based Education
System
Dr. Padmanabhan Krishnan
Professor, Higher Academic Grade
School of Mechanical Engineering
VIT, Vellore, Tamilnadu, 632014.
Email: padmanabhan.k@vit.ac.in
(M) 9840032002.
1
To make a blurred picture clearer
8/17/2022 2
The duty of a Leader is to make his
students think, not just learn.
Swami Vivekandanda
Purpose Is What You Have When
No One Is Looking At You
4
Vasudaiva Kutumbakam
Ethics for Professionalism
6
Value Systems for Leadership
7
First as a Mentor ?
8
What distinguishes an excellent leader
from a poor one ?
8/17/2022 9
Change Is Inevitable and
Should be Intrinsic First
10
Evolution Towards Artificial Intelligence
• The tortuous path towards AI and the role of a
transformational leader
Trust and Transition
12
Transformational Leadership
The Five Wheels Some Additions…
• Leveraging everyone’s
emotional intelligence
• Short term and long
term goals and plans
• Able to strategize and
achieve in multiple
organizational Goals
• To perceive change ,
strategize and achieve.
13
14
Virtues that help in
Transformational Leadership
• Subject knowledge, communication skills.
• Should state objectives, methods, results and
summary.
• Should be a loud and clear dynamic model of creating
enthusiasm.
• Link the subject with a colleague’s prior experience.
• Ensure interaction of the colleagues with out
distraction ( Ref: Mission 10X by WIPRO)
8/17/2022 15
Virtues that help in
Transformational Leadership
• Should avoid visible mannerisms.
• Based on assessment and feedback, improve the story
telling techniques to suit slow learners.
• Should maintain cordial relationship to get your story
across.
• Should inspire and impress the subordinates
• Should be innovative and unbiased.
• Should be a life long learner.
8/17/2022 16
Virtues that help in
Transformational Leadership
• Don’t push your contributions side-lining the
pioneering references .
• Put your work in a realistic context and embed it
suitably to show case your contributions to enable
collaboration.
• Remember, a mistake that makes you humble is
better than an achievement that makes you arrogant.
8/17/2022 17
Strategies for enhancing Staff and
Student motivation
• Challenge yourself before challenging them.
• Build on strengths first and then address weakness
• Offer choices, prepare a roadmap that is subject to
review down the line as change is inevitable.
• Provide a secure environment.
• Teach them how to make their tasks manageable.
• Even at peak responsible activities the skills must
provide a comfort factor for easy execution.
8/17/2022 18
Strategies for Enhancing Motivation
• Use rewards & punishments with caution.
• Help colleagues develop an internal locus control
and Avoid power struggles
• Be clear and not ambiguous
• Develop creativity through activities
• Teach them introspection & self evaluation
• Seek their attention & make them competitive and
more perfect. ( Mission 10X by Wipro )
8/17/2022ive 19
Leadership and Teaching are
….
•Instructive ?
•Didactic ?
•Directive ?
•Developmental ?
8/17/2022 20
Cart Before The Horse
8/17/2022 21
Transformational Leadership in
Teaching Excellence-
The Basics
22
23
Three Developmental Student Skills
8/17/2022 24
Old Bloom’s Taxonomy
8/17/2022 25
New Bloom’s Taxonomy
8/17/2022 26
Dave’s Psychomotor Taxonomy
8/17/2022 27
Gagne’s
Nine Events of Instruction For a Teacher
8/17/2022 28
Excellence in Teaching
• From Diffuse Learning to Conceptual Learning
• A Need for Transformational Teaching in the Present
Scenario
• Add the Guru – Sishya Parampara Learning System and
adapt the Western models only to suit Indian spirituality
and National priorities.
• Value and satisfaction , not just commerce !
• Success lies in Satisfaction, Corporate Benefits are only
Materialistic.
Cambridge Model-Student Outcomes
8/17/2022 31
“ You are rated by
what you produce,
not by what you
attempt”
8/17/2022 32
Digital Learning
• Most of the class room learning basics are applied to
digital learning expecting the same outcomes.
• We have to assess whether the outreach is the same
as in class room learning.
• Though Corona has accelerated digital learning, it
should not be the story of liberty ships built during
WW 2 that couldn’t last the war !
• The Covid effect must be understood for sustainable
outcomes.
8/17/2022 33
A Paradigm Transition to
Undergraduate Education
LEAP 2
Group – ‘Teaching Excellence’
P. Lakshmi, Anna University, Chennai
Sankar Chandra Deka, Tezpur University
Rajni Kant, University of Jammu
Puneet Tandon, IIITDM Jabalpur.
Why
Group G LEAP 2 Module 2 @ IfM Cambridge
School College / University
Best Teachers
Why
Group G LEAP 2 Module 2 @ IfM Cambridge
Right
Brain
Left
Brain
Group G LEAP 2 Module 2 @ IfM Cambridge
Supervised Learning
Learn
through
Practice
What?
Expectations?
Group G LEAP 2 Module 2 @ IfM Cambridge
How?
Group G LEAP 2 Module 2 @ IfM Cambridge
Sensitize
Stakeholders
Revisit Admissions
Foundation Knowledge
Enablers
Group G LEAP 2 Module 2 @ IfM Cambridge
Learning
Life
Experiences
Self
Learning
Original
Thoughts
Example
Classes
Awareness
&
Feedback
Assessment
Group G LEAP 2 Module 2 @ IfM Cambridge
Presentations
Outcome?
Group G LEAP 2 Module 2 @ IfM Cambridge
Real-life experience
based Foundation
Majors / Specialisations
Foundation
Courses
Minors
Minors
Transformational Leadership for
Research Excellence
43
LEAP 2.0
Cambridge University Module
44
Strategic Roadmap towards Research Excellence
Team
Prof. Sunil K.N. Kutty, CUST.
Prof. Banshidhar Majhi, NIT ( R )
Prof. Ketan Kotecha, Symbiosis.
Prof. N.K. Pandey, Lucknow University.
• The present Institute is a Socio-Cultural Hub with
• Faculty, Students, Technicians
• Best of the Infrastructure
• Mandate of the Institution like any other Institute
• Education
• Innovation
• Fund Generation
• Socio-Economic development of the Nation
• To achieve Academic Excellence and performing the mandate effectively,
Research Excellence is an must
45
WHY Research Excellence ?
Impact of Research Excellence
46
International Visibility +
Ranking + Trust Value +
Brand Value
Publications + Patents +
Citations + Innovations
Sponsored Research + Industrial
Consultancy + Continuing
Education
Improved Teaching-Learning +
Graduate Attributes
R&D Excellence
Strengths
Best of the brains
IT Competency
Alumni base in
universities
Recent Govt. Research
initiatives
New Education
Policy
Weakness
Poor Industry
Participation
Best brains not
oriented towards
research
Ph.Ds outcomes
are limited to
publications
Missing Research
Culture
Govt. Fund
Dependency
Poor Student
Teacher Ratio
Opportunities
International
Collaborations
Industry Led
Research
Problem domains
availability
Challenges
Fund
availability
Academic
Visibility
Building Trust
Present Status of Institute
A SWOC Analysis
47
• Recruitment of Competent Faculty
• Creation of Interdisciplinary Research groups
• Recruitment of Industry Faculty and adjunct Faculty
• Recruitment of Tenured track for International faculty
• Creation of Research Council
• Identification of niche research areas
• Provision for a Faculty friendly IPR policy
• Creation of Incubation facility
• Collaborations with Industries
48
Research Strategy
• Development of Industry funded research labs
• Collaboration with International Industries and Academia
• Attract International Funding for Faculty and Student Exchange
• Continuous assessment of key performance outcomes
49
Research Strategy (II)
Faculty Related Challenges
Recruitment of Quality Faculty
Retention due to openings in different Institution
Industry Faculty recruitment through existing Recruitment Rules
(RR)
Fulfilling the Aspirations for Foreign Faculty
Aligning Faculty with Industry Collaboration
50
Roadmap are subject to revisions !
51
Faculty Recruitment
Research Strategy
Collaborations
Lab preparation
Identification of
Research areas
Interdisciplinary
group
Submission of
Proposals
Seed Funding
IPR policy making
Incubation Facility
Review of proposals
Remedial measures
2020-2022
2023-2025
2025
2025
Achieving and Sustaining Research Excellence
Padmanabhan Krishnan, VIT.
Nand Kishore, IITB.
Amarjit Singh Dhaliwal, SLIET
James Jebaseelan Samuel, VIT.
January 6, 2020 52
Research Excellence and its Impact
Excellence in research for societal impact:
Research that makes a difference
Addressing problems of current and future
societal needs: Choosing right targets
Fundamental research leading to new
discoveries: May take long time but impactful
Research translating into deliverables
in reasonable time: Trust building,
demonstrating capabilities, value
53
Importance of Excellence in Research
Reputation of the institute:
Preferred destination for faculty, students,
industry, and other stakeholders
Knowledge hub for high quality
deliverables:
Excellent minds working with target oriented objectives
Generate excellent trustworthy manpower
to make a difference:
Essential mandate of the academic institutes
54
HOW?
Identification and motivation of people:
Research culture and bringing all on board
People make a difference
Research planning:
Support fundamental research
Identification of target areas and provide full support
Provide interdisciplinary communities
Aerodynamics
Serendipity
55
HOW?
Creation of Research/Science Parks, Technology Incubators,
Venture Initiatives, Consultancy Centres, Test Facilities ( SATHI)
Financial planning: Seed grants, Research Grants
(Government, Alumni, Endowment, Industry)
Core Research Grant
Industry Relevant R&D
Startup Research Grant
Intensification of Research in High Priority Areas
Funds for Improvement in S&T Infrastructure
Support creation of Institute/Central facilities
56
Promotion of impactful consultancy:
Industry connect
Research Income
Societal Impact
Strengthened PhD and a strong Postdoctoral programme
Backbone of Research
VP3: Vision, People, Plan, Politics
Commercialization after realization
Library Resources:
Keeping abreast of latest developments
57
Rigorous periodical peer review
and metrics:
Linkage to promotion; Excellence in Research
Recognition (Students and Faculty);
keeping pressure to perform
Wider stakeholders consultation:
Moving ahead with demands of time and societal needs
Strong Internationalization:
International collaborations, MOUs,
Exchange programs, Campuses
58
Foreign Import Substitution:
Through Economical Indigenization
Te
IMPACT
Teaching
&
Learning
Society
& Environment
Industry
PRIDE: Performance in Research for Institutional Demonstrated Excellence
Innovations
&
New Inventions
Global Ranking
Excellent and
Trustworthy
Manpower
REPUTATION
59
Educational Models for Societal
and Economical Development
• Institutional Model: Private held by an individual,
family, group or Public University.
• Organizational Model: Held by an individual, family , a
group , a trust or a public firm with investments in
industries, educational institutions, media and leisure.
• Corporate Model: The above with a corporate
management approach and outcome based economic
benefits.
• Enterprise Model: A collaborative and joint effort
between the educational institutions and the
stakeholders, like the Industries, start ups, innovators
and research laboratories through partnerships (IIC).
60
Cambridge University’s Business Innovation
Ecosystem Model - Go to Them Strategy
61
Teaching ,Learning and Research-
A Model
• Developmental Teaching and Learning as
opposed to Instructional and Directive
Learning !
• Student centric approach as they are the
majority learners !
• Applied Research for, a) slow, academic and
sustainable development and b) fast track
corporate gains ( Industry 4.0 ready) as the
two different pathways.
62
63
64
A centralized ERP System for all filings
65
IIT KGP has developed this ERP package
Leadership for Accreditation and Ranking
• Accreditation for NAAC, ABET and IET, more in the
offing !
• Records and documenting your approach,
methodology, tools employed, improvements,
achievements and feedback.
• Ranking frameworks like NIRF, QS, THE and the like.
• Proven storytelling success records as benchmarks
for ranking exercises.
• Repeatability and reproducibilty !
67
The importance of an SPI Cell
68
Change and Roadmaps
• All roadmaps are subject to progressive change
every six months. Perceived and disastrous
changes must be combatted to avoid skewed
exits that prevent us from achieving prioritized
goals. As change is inevitable, roadmaps cannot
be a milestone from the past. – Padmanabhan
Krishnan
69
70
Vision, Value and Visibility
- The three Vs for inclusive growth
Transformation-A different Facet
71
https://www.slideshare.net › PadmanabhanKrishnan2
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Padmanabhan_Krishnan
Padmanabhan Krishnan, VIT, Vellore, linked In
Padmanabhan Krishnan, VIT, Vellore, Google Scholar.
http://www.i2or.com/educators.html
https://achievementscenter.com/competitions/scientist-of-the-year/winners-scientist-of-the-year/winners-
2020
Is the blurred picture clearer ?
8/17/2022 72
Thank you and Questions ?
73
Aham Brahmaasmi

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Transformational Leadership ppt.pptx

  • 1. Transformational Leadership-The Mantra for a Value Based Education System Dr. Padmanabhan Krishnan Professor, Higher Academic Grade School of Mechanical Engineering VIT, Vellore, Tamilnadu, 632014. Email: padmanabhan.k@vit.ac.in (M) 9840032002. 1
  • 2. To make a blurred picture clearer 8/17/2022 2
  • 3. The duty of a Leader is to make his students think, not just learn. Swami Vivekandanda
  • 4. Purpose Is What You Have When No One Is Looking At You 4
  • 7. Value Systems for Leadership 7
  • 8. First as a Mentor ? 8
  • 9. What distinguishes an excellent leader from a poor one ? 8/17/2022 9
  • 10. Change Is Inevitable and Should be Intrinsic First 10
  • 11. Evolution Towards Artificial Intelligence • The tortuous path towards AI and the role of a transformational leader
  • 13. Transformational Leadership The Five Wheels Some Additions… • Leveraging everyone’s emotional intelligence • Short term and long term goals and plans • Able to strategize and achieve in multiple organizational Goals • To perceive change , strategize and achieve. 13
  • 14. 14
  • 15. Virtues that help in Transformational Leadership • Subject knowledge, communication skills. • Should state objectives, methods, results and summary. • Should be a loud and clear dynamic model of creating enthusiasm. • Link the subject with a colleague’s prior experience. • Ensure interaction of the colleagues with out distraction ( Ref: Mission 10X by WIPRO) 8/17/2022 15
  • 16. Virtues that help in Transformational Leadership • Should avoid visible mannerisms. • Based on assessment and feedback, improve the story telling techniques to suit slow learners. • Should maintain cordial relationship to get your story across. • Should inspire and impress the subordinates • Should be innovative and unbiased. • Should be a life long learner. 8/17/2022 16
  • 17. Virtues that help in Transformational Leadership • Don’t push your contributions side-lining the pioneering references . • Put your work in a realistic context and embed it suitably to show case your contributions to enable collaboration. • Remember, a mistake that makes you humble is better than an achievement that makes you arrogant. 8/17/2022 17
  • 18. Strategies for enhancing Staff and Student motivation • Challenge yourself before challenging them. • Build on strengths first and then address weakness • Offer choices, prepare a roadmap that is subject to review down the line as change is inevitable. • Provide a secure environment. • Teach them how to make their tasks manageable. • Even at peak responsible activities the skills must provide a comfort factor for easy execution. 8/17/2022 18
  • 19. Strategies for Enhancing Motivation • Use rewards & punishments with caution. • Help colleagues develop an internal locus control and Avoid power struggles • Be clear and not ambiguous • Develop creativity through activities • Teach them introspection & self evaluation • Seek their attention & make them competitive and more perfect. ( Mission 10X by Wipro ) 8/17/2022ive 19
  • 20. Leadership and Teaching are …. •Instructive ? •Didactic ? •Directive ? •Developmental ? 8/17/2022 20
  • 21. Cart Before The Horse 8/17/2022 21
  • 22. Transformational Leadership in Teaching Excellence- The Basics 22
  • 23. 23
  • 24. Three Developmental Student Skills 8/17/2022 24
  • 28. Gagne’s Nine Events of Instruction For a Teacher 8/17/2022 28
  • 29. Excellence in Teaching • From Diffuse Learning to Conceptual Learning • A Need for Transformational Teaching in the Present Scenario • Add the Guru – Sishya Parampara Learning System and adapt the Western models only to suit Indian spirituality and National priorities. • Value and satisfaction , not just commerce ! • Success lies in Satisfaction, Corporate Benefits are only Materialistic.
  • 31. 8/17/2022 31 “ You are rated by what you produce, not by what you attempt”
  • 33. Digital Learning • Most of the class room learning basics are applied to digital learning expecting the same outcomes. • We have to assess whether the outreach is the same as in class room learning. • Though Corona has accelerated digital learning, it should not be the story of liberty ships built during WW 2 that couldn’t last the war ! • The Covid effect must be understood for sustainable outcomes. 8/17/2022 33
  • 34. A Paradigm Transition to Undergraduate Education LEAP 2 Group – ‘Teaching Excellence’ P. Lakshmi, Anna University, Chennai Sankar Chandra Deka, Tezpur University Rajni Kant, University of Jammu Puneet Tandon, IIITDM Jabalpur.
  • 35. Why Group G LEAP 2 Module 2 @ IfM Cambridge School College / University Best Teachers
  • 36. Why Group G LEAP 2 Module 2 @ IfM Cambridge Right Brain Left Brain
  • 37. Group G LEAP 2 Module 2 @ IfM Cambridge Supervised Learning Learn through Practice What?
  • 38. Expectations? Group G LEAP 2 Module 2 @ IfM Cambridge
  • 39. How? Group G LEAP 2 Module 2 @ IfM Cambridge Sensitize Stakeholders Revisit Admissions Foundation Knowledge
  • 40. Enablers Group G LEAP 2 Module 2 @ IfM Cambridge Learning Life Experiences Self Learning Original Thoughts Example Classes Awareness & Feedback
  • 41. Assessment Group G LEAP 2 Module 2 @ IfM Cambridge Presentations
  • 42. Outcome? Group G LEAP 2 Module 2 @ IfM Cambridge Real-life experience based Foundation Majors / Specialisations Foundation Courses Minors Minors
  • 44. LEAP 2.0 Cambridge University Module 44 Strategic Roadmap towards Research Excellence Team Prof. Sunil K.N. Kutty, CUST. Prof. Banshidhar Majhi, NIT ( R ) Prof. Ketan Kotecha, Symbiosis. Prof. N.K. Pandey, Lucknow University.
  • 45. • The present Institute is a Socio-Cultural Hub with • Faculty, Students, Technicians • Best of the Infrastructure • Mandate of the Institution like any other Institute • Education • Innovation • Fund Generation • Socio-Economic development of the Nation • To achieve Academic Excellence and performing the mandate effectively, Research Excellence is an must 45 WHY Research Excellence ?
  • 46. Impact of Research Excellence 46 International Visibility + Ranking + Trust Value + Brand Value Publications + Patents + Citations + Innovations Sponsored Research + Industrial Consultancy + Continuing Education Improved Teaching-Learning + Graduate Attributes R&D Excellence
  • 47. Strengths Best of the brains IT Competency Alumni base in universities Recent Govt. Research initiatives New Education Policy Weakness Poor Industry Participation Best brains not oriented towards research Ph.Ds outcomes are limited to publications Missing Research Culture Govt. Fund Dependency Poor Student Teacher Ratio Opportunities International Collaborations Industry Led Research Problem domains availability Challenges Fund availability Academic Visibility Building Trust Present Status of Institute A SWOC Analysis 47
  • 48. • Recruitment of Competent Faculty • Creation of Interdisciplinary Research groups • Recruitment of Industry Faculty and adjunct Faculty • Recruitment of Tenured track for International faculty • Creation of Research Council • Identification of niche research areas • Provision for a Faculty friendly IPR policy • Creation of Incubation facility • Collaborations with Industries 48 Research Strategy
  • 49. • Development of Industry funded research labs • Collaboration with International Industries and Academia • Attract International Funding for Faculty and Student Exchange • Continuous assessment of key performance outcomes 49 Research Strategy (II)
  • 50. Faculty Related Challenges Recruitment of Quality Faculty Retention due to openings in different Institution Industry Faculty recruitment through existing Recruitment Rules (RR) Fulfilling the Aspirations for Foreign Faculty Aligning Faculty with Industry Collaboration 50
  • 51. Roadmap are subject to revisions ! 51 Faculty Recruitment Research Strategy Collaborations Lab preparation Identification of Research areas Interdisciplinary group Submission of Proposals Seed Funding IPR policy making Incubation Facility Review of proposals Remedial measures 2020-2022 2023-2025 2025 2025
  • 52. Achieving and Sustaining Research Excellence Padmanabhan Krishnan, VIT. Nand Kishore, IITB. Amarjit Singh Dhaliwal, SLIET James Jebaseelan Samuel, VIT. January 6, 2020 52
  • 53. Research Excellence and its Impact Excellence in research for societal impact: Research that makes a difference Addressing problems of current and future societal needs: Choosing right targets Fundamental research leading to new discoveries: May take long time but impactful Research translating into deliverables in reasonable time: Trust building, demonstrating capabilities, value 53
  • 54. Importance of Excellence in Research Reputation of the institute: Preferred destination for faculty, students, industry, and other stakeholders Knowledge hub for high quality deliverables: Excellent minds working with target oriented objectives Generate excellent trustworthy manpower to make a difference: Essential mandate of the academic institutes 54
  • 55. HOW? Identification and motivation of people: Research culture and bringing all on board People make a difference Research planning: Support fundamental research Identification of target areas and provide full support Provide interdisciplinary communities Aerodynamics Serendipity 55
  • 56. HOW? Creation of Research/Science Parks, Technology Incubators, Venture Initiatives, Consultancy Centres, Test Facilities ( SATHI) Financial planning: Seed grants, Research Grants (Government, Alumni, Endowment, Industry) Core Research Grant Industry Relevant R&D Startup Research Grant Intensification of Research in High Priority Areas Funds for Improvement in S&T Infrastructure Support creation of Institute/Central facilities 56
  • 57. Promotion of impactful consultancy: Industry connect Research Income Societal Impact Strengthened PhD and a strong Postdoctoral programme Backbone of Research VP3: Vision, People, Plan, Politics Commercialization after realization Library Resources: Keeping abreast of latest developments 57
  • 58. Rigorous periodical peer review and metrics: Linkage to promotion; Excellence in Research Recognition (Students and Faculty); keeping pressure to perform Wider stakeholders consultation: Moving ahead with demands of time and societal needs Strong Internationalization: International collaborations, MOUs, Exchange programs, Campuses 58 Foreign Import Substitution: Through Economical Indigenization
  • 59. Te IMPACT Teaching & Learning Society & Environment Industry PRIDE: Performance in Research for Institutional Demonstrated Excellence Innovations & New Inventions Global Ranking Excellent and Trustworthy Manpower REPUTATION 59
  • 60. Educational Models for Societal and Economical Development • Institutional Model: Private held by an individual, family, group or Public University. • Organizational Model: Held by an individual, family , a group , a trust or a public firm with investments in industries, educational institutions, media and leisure. • Corporate Model: The above with a corporate management approach and outcome based economic benefits. • Enterprise Model: A collaborative and joint effort between the educational institutions and the stakeholders, like the Industries, start ups, innovators and research laboratories through partnerships (IIC). 60
  • 61. Cambridge University’s Business Innovation Ecosystem Model - Go to Them Strategy 61
  • 62. Teaching ,Learning and Research- A Model • Developmental Teaching and Learning as opposed to Instructional and Directive Learning ! • Student centric approach as they are the majority learners ! • Applied Research for, a) slow, academic and sustainable development and b) fast track corporate gains ( Industry 4.0 ready) as the two different pathways. 62
  • 63. 63
  • 64. 64
  • 65. A centralized ERP System for all filings 65 IIT KGP has developed this ERP package
  • 66. Leadership for Accreditation and Ranking • Accreditation for NAAC, ABET and IET, more in the offing ! • Records and documenting your approach, methodology, tools employed, improvements, achievements and feedback. • Ranking frameworks like NIRF, QS, THE and the like. • Proven storytelling success records as benchmarks for ranking exercises. • Repeatability and reproducibilty !
  • 67. 67
  • 68. The importance of an SPI Cell 68
  • 69. Change and Roadmaps • All roadmaps are subject to progressive change every six months. Perceived and disastrous changes must be combatted to avoid skewed exits that prevent us from achieving prioritized goals. As change is inevitable, roadmaps cannot be a milestone from the past. – Padmanabhan Krishnan 69
  • 70. 70 Vision, Value and Visibility - The three Vs for inclusive growth
  • 71. Transformation-A different Facet 71 https://www.slideshare.net › PadmanabhanKrishnan2 https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Padmanabhan_Krishnan Padmanabhan Krishnan, VIT, Vellore, linked In Padmanabhan Krishnan, VIT, Vellore, Google Scholar. http://www.i2or.com/educators.html https://achievementscenter.com/competitions/scientist-of-the-year/winners-scientist-of-the-year/winners- 2020
  • 72. Is the blurred picture clearer ? 8/17/2022 72
  • 73. Thank you and Questions ? 73 Aham Brahmaasmi