Tragedy
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Tragedy comes from Greek drama and refers to works that invoke emotions like sadness and anger in audiences through depictions of human suffering. Tragedies typically involve the downfall of a great person due to some superior force like destiny. According to Aristotle, tragedy is an imitation of action that is serious, complete, and of magnitude, told through embellished language to purge audiences of emotions like pity and fear through catharsis. Key elements of tragedy include the plot, characters, thoughts or ideas, diction or word choice, music, and spectacle or visual elements.
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This presentation introduces students to the classical definition of tragedy. After the presentation--and after reading Macbeth--the students prepare a debate on whether Macbeth is really a tragedy by the classical definition.
Drama a general introduction 2023.ppt
Drama is a staged literary genre that is performed for an audience. It uses dialogue between characters to tell a story through their interactions, thoughts, and actions. The key elements of drama are plot, which is the sequence of events; characters; dialogue; and setting. Drama is designed to be performed for impact and entertainment, distinguishing it from other genres like prose and poetry. A good drama will have a beginning, middle, and end to its plot and develop its characters and themes over the course of the performance.
ARISTOTLE"S TRAGEDY BY BHAWNA BHARDWAJ
Aristotle defines tragedy as the imitation of a serious action that arouses pity and fear and effects a catharsis of such emotions. He maintains that tragedy should be a complete and coherent whole with serious consequences represented through elevated characters. The language and dramatic presentation incorporate incidents that arouse pity and fear in order to accomplish the cathartic effect on audiences.
Drama terms
The document defines various dramatic terms and conventions including:
- Drama recreates human life through dialogue and sequential events, having both written and performance forms.
- Dramatic conventions substitute for reality to provide information the audience would not otherwise have.
- Other conventions include concealment, soliloquy, asides, and dramatic irony.
- Tragedy aims to produce catharsis in the audience and involves a protagonist with a tragic flaw that leads to their downfall.
- Other terms defined include tragic flaw, hubris, protagonist, antagonist, and foil.
Drama.pptx
Drama is a literary genre that is meant to be performed on stage. It uses dialogue between characters to tell a story with a beginning, middle, and end. The key elements of drama include the plot, which is the structured sequence of events; characters; dialogue; and setting. Drama serves important functions like entertainment, education, and social change. It originated from early ritual dances and ceremonies and further developed in Ancient Greece. Drama realistically portrays human experiences and situations through the imitation of actions.
Introduction to Drama
Drama is a literary composition involving conflict, action, and dialogue meant to be performed on stage before an audience. It can be defined as a "criticism of life" presented through characters and their interactions. There are different types of drama including tragedy, comedy, tragicomedy, farce, and melodrama. The key elements of drama are plot, character, setting, theme, style, symbolism, and use of techniques like irony, monologue, soliloquy, and aside. These elements and techniques are used to convey meaning, develop characters, and advance the story through action and dialogue on stage.
WEEK 5.pptx
A drama is a story enacted on stage for a live audience. The earliest known plays date back to ancient Greece in the 5th century BC and were written to honor Dionysus. A drama presents a story through dialogue and action with the intention of performance. The key elements of drama include setting, characters, plot, theme, dialogue, and spectacle. Setting identifies when and where events occur. Characters are the people in the play. Plot lays out the sequence of events. Theme is the overall idea. Dialogue is the words spoken. Spectacle refers to the visual elements like costumes and scenery. There are also technical elements like lights, sound, and makeup that enhance a performance.
The genres and their elements
This document provides an overview of various literary genres and their key elements. It discusses literary genres such as fiction, poetry, and creative nonfiction. For fiction, it describes common elements like plot, setting, character, style, symbol, theme, tone, and point of view. It also discusses different modes of fiction like romance and realism. For poetry, it outlines literary devices, forms, and common types. Overall, the document serves as a reference for understanding different genres and their defining features.
GREEK TRAGEDYDidactic function = tragedy teaches us a mo.docx
GREEK TRAGEDY
Didactic function = tragedy teaches us a moral.
Portrait of Aristotle
GREEK TRAGEDY in « Poetics » by Aristotle.
MIMESIS
In the first chapter of “Poetics”, Aristotle starts by telling us that poetry is the main art. Poetry includes different kinds of arts such as epic poetry, tragedy, comedy, dithyramb, music. He says that each art is mimesis and imitates reality in different ways. (Ex: painting imitates reality through the colors and the forms. Music imitates emotions and feelings by the way of the melody and rhythm).
So, Aristotle claims that theatre imitates human actions, nature and the world, in other words reality by the way of the dramatic action (the plot) and the actions represented on stage.
GREEK TRAGEDY in Poetics, by Aristotle.
Definition of tragedy:
“Tragedy, then, is an imitation of an action that is serious, complete, and of a certain magnitude; in language embellished with each kind of artistic ornament, the several kinds being found in separate parts of the play; in the form of action, not of narrative; through pity and fear effecting the proper purgation of these emotions”.
Aristotle, “Poetics”, VI.
GREEK TRAGEDY in Poetics, by Aristotle.
In the previous diapo (diapo 3), Aristotle defines tragedy.
He refers tragedy to Mimesis.
In his definition, “language embellished” refers to the text, the verse. The text needs to be harmonious, with a nice rhythm (in verse) and songs. This “language embellished” is included in the separate parts of the play (the structure of the play, the different scenes).
GREEK TRAGEDY in Poetics, by Aristotle.
To write a good tragedy, with a good structure, we need 6 ingredients:
The plot.The characters.The thoughts: the way of expressing thoughts (skills of speaking, declamation).Diction.Songs (choir).The spectacle / show (entertainment) that includes all of the ingredients above.
GREEK TRAGEDY in Poetics, by Aristotle.
Aristotle explains the goal of a tragedy. The goal of a tragedy is CATHARSIS. Catharsis is the effect of tragedy on an audience. The goal is to provoke deep emotions in order to provide a release. The spectator identifies with the tragic characters, with their pain, their despair, their sadness, their madness, cruelty, etc. The spectator feels empathy, sympathy, compassion for the heroes, pity, fear. Feeling these strong emotions during a tragedy provide also pleasure. Catharis provokes also pleasure. We like to identify with characters in a theatrical play, or in a movie. For instance, we like to watch scary movies, or dramas where the situations move us, make us feel strong emotions, fear, pity, sadness, suspense, or any emotional state. We like to feel emotions through a fiction. We feel pleasure from this experience. Catharsis provokes pleasure. Catharsis is connected to pleasure. The goal is to arouse deep emotions in order to provide a release. The "trauma" that the spect ...
1 introduction to drama & tragedy
The document provides an overview of drama, focusing on Greek tragedy. It defines drama as a story told through dialogue and performance rather than reading. Greek tragedy originated from religious rituals and competitions between playwrights. Tragedies featured masks, music, dancing choruses, and were based on myths. They aimed to evoke pity and fear in audiences and provide catharsis. Tragedies centered on a noble protagonist with a tragic flaw who faced a reversal of fortune. Key components included plot, characters, theme, language, music, and spectacle. Major Greek tragedians included Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides.
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Definition Of Tragedy And Play By Aristotle And Dryden
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Tragedy
- 2. Tragedy comes from the old Greek language and means a drama based on the suffering and devastation of humans. Most of the old Greek myths, parables, and parodies were tragedies. And it is a from of drama that causes the audience to feel anger, sadness, laughter, etc. during the drama. In other words, it is a literary device man meant to invoke emotions at all levels.
- 3. WHAT IS TRAGEDY • Webster's Dictionary defines a tragedy as " a medieval narrative poem or tale typically describing the downfall of a great man; serious drama typically describing a conflict between the protagonist and superior force (as destiny) and having a sorrowful or disastrous conclusion that elicits pity or terror; the literary genre of tragic dramas."
- 4. “Tragedy, then, is an imitation of an action that is serious, complete, and of a certain magnitude; in the language embellished with each kind of artistic ornament, the several kinds being found in separate parts of the play; in the form of action, not of narrative; through pity and fear effecting the proper purgation-catharsis of these and similar emotions.”
- 5. Plot Character Thoughts Diction Music Spectacle
- 7. 2.Character- The characters must represent true human nature and be loyal to the mythical or historical personalities they are modelled on. The writer should avoid unrealistic changes in the characters or their personalities and must stay true to their sketch. 3.Thoughts- The thought is the faculty to enunciate something as important and rational, a condition or circumstance. It represents the ideational or intellectual element of a tragic drama. Example: melancholy is enunciated for a tragedy. 4.Diction- It is the selection of words or vocabulary used by the dramatist. Since the chosen words are deemed apt to arouse feelings in the audiences it also affects the process of meaning-making.
- 8. 5.Music- Music is the spice used in a tragedy like the chorus songs. They add fluid narrative style and educate the audiences about the events that do not occur before their eyes of the or on the stage. 6.Spectacle- Theatre is seen. A 'spectator' is someone who sees.
- 10. Thank you