3. ⚫Literature- Derived from the Latin
litteratura meaning "writing
formed with letters," literature is
most commonly refers to works
of the creative imagination,
including poetry, drama, fiction,
nonfiction, journalism, and in
some instances, song.
⚫ http://classiclit.about.com/od/literaryterms/g/aa_whatisliter.htm
4. ⚫A genre is a particular type of
literature, painting, music, film,
or other art form which people
consider as a class because it
has special characteristics.
5. Literary Genres
⚫A category of literary composition
determined by literary techniques, tone,
content, or even (as in the case of fiction)
length. The distinction between genres and
categories are flexible and loosely defined,
often with subgroups. The most general
genres in literature are ( in loose
chronological order) epic, tragedy, comedy,
creative nonfiction. They can all be in the
form of prose and poetry.
6. ⚫Prose – any written work that
follows a grammatical structure
(think of words that are arranged
into sentences and paragraph) It
is an ordinary writing. It avoids
metrical patterns (rhymes).
Examples:
essay, short stories, research
articles, and letters
7. ⚫Poetry – literary work in which
special intensity is given to the
expression of feelings and ideas
by the use of distinctive style
and rhythm;
Examples:
haiku, sonnet, free verse poem
10. SUBGENRES
FICTION NONFICTION DRAMA FOLKTALE POETRY
Mystery Biography Plays Fable ABC Poem
Realistic
Fiction
Autobiography Skits Myth Haiku
Historical
Fiction
Informational Musicals Fairy Tale Triangle
Fantasy Reference Tragedy Legend Sonnet
Science
Fiction
Essay Comedy Tall Tale Free Verse
11. Fiction
⚫A written stories about
people and events that
are not real: literature
that tells stories which
are imagined by the
writer.
12. Elements of Fiction
1. Character- Person in a work of fiction/
characteristics of a person (protagonist/
antagonist).
2. Conflict - Opposition of forces which ties one
incident to another and makes the plot move.
(external and internal)
3. Setting- refers to place, time, weather condition,
and even mood or atmosphere.
4. Point of view- How the character is told- more
specifically who tells it?
5. Plot- It is the sequence of events in a story or a
play.
6. Theme- the central dominating idea.
13. Drama
⚫A story put into action, or a story of
human life told by actual representation of
persons by persons, with imitation of
language, voice, gesture, dress, and
accessories or surrounding conditions, the
whole produce with reference to truth or
probability, and with or without the aid of
music, dancing, painting, and decoration; a
play.Etymology: from Greek drama
(genitive)
14. Elements of Drama
⚫Plot- The events in play.
⚫Setting-Time and place of a literary work.
⚫Characters- People or creatures in a play.
⚫Dialogue- conversation in a play.
⚫Theme- The central thought of a play; the
idea or ideas with which a play deals.
⚫Scenery- the various elements that are
used to create a particular visual setting
for a play.
15. Folktale
⚫Folktales are stories passed
down by oral tradition.
Though there are many
varieties of folktales, they
are commonly about regular
people in everyday settings.
16. Elements of Folktale
⚫Characters (the characters are flat)
⚫Plot
⚫Setting
⚫Theme
⚫Events
⚫Style
⚫Tone
⚫Point of View (Often third person narrative)
17. Poetry
⚫ literary work in which
special intensity is given
to the expression of
feelings and ideas by the
use of distinctive style
and rhythm
18. Elements of Poetry
⚫Imagery- It appeals to the senses ( show don’t tell).
Ex.
⚫Rhythm- a regular pattern of sounds or
movements.
⚫Sound – the rhythm goes along with the general sound
as it is easy to remember. ( euphony and cacophony)
⚫Density- is how much is said in how little of space. The
ability to use metaphor not to conform to traditional
grammar styles, and incorporate sounds and rhythmic is
unique in poetry.
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19. NONFICTION
⚫The branch of literature
comprising works of narrative
prose dealing with or offering
opinions or conjectures upon
facts and reality, including
biography, history and essay.
20. Elements of Nonfiction
⚫Deals only with real people, events,
or idea.
⚫Narrated from point of view, or
perspective of the author, who is a
real person.
⚫Nonfiction presents facts or
discusses concepts.
⚫It may reflect historical context of
the time period, including
references to major social and
21. Evaluation ( 5 points each)
⚫1. Differentiate prose and
poetry.
⚫2. Compare and contrast
the different literary
genres.
22. Assignment
⚫Give one example for each
literary genre and tell
something about it. Write
your answer in a one
whole piece of paper.
