Arid zone medicinal plants A Lecture By Mr Allah Dad Khan Former DG Agricult...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
Arid zone medicinal plants A Lecture By Mr Allah Dad Khan Former DG Agriculture Extension Khyber Pakhtun Khwa Province & Visiting Professor Agriculture University Peshawar Pakistan
Arid zone medicinal plants A Presentation by Mr Allah Dad Khan Former DG Agri...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
Arid zone medicinal plants A Presentation by Mr Allah Dad Khan Former DG Agri Extension /Visiting Professor the University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan
The document discusses folk medicine practices in India, specifically focusing on tribal and traditional medicine. It defines tribal/folk medicine as practices developed within unique socio-cultural environments based on trial and error over generations. Traditional Indian medicine includes Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha, yoga, and naturopathy. Ayurveda focuses on balancing doshas using herbs. It describes oral diseases and treatments mentioned in ancient texts. The document also discusses daily oral healthcare practices in Ayurveda like brushing, tongue scraping, and gargling/oil pulling and their medicinal benefits.
History of medicinal plant use A Presentation By Mr Allah Dad Khan Former Di...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
History of medicinal plant use A Presentation By Mr Allah Dad Khan Former Director General Agriculture Extension KPK Province and Visiting Professor the University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan
Ethnobotany - Relation between Plants and Human M Nadeem Akram
Ethnobotany is the study of relationships between people and plants. It examines how plants are used across cultures for food, medicine, textiles, and other purposes. Some key points in the document include:
- Ethnobotany aims to document, describe, and explain complex relationships between cultures and plant uses.
- Several important figures contributed to the early history and development of ethnobotany, including Dioscorides, Fuchs, Ray, and Linnaeus.
- The document provides examples of ethnobotanical uses for several plants from India, including Nigella sativa, Achyranthes aspera, Phoenix dactylifera, Cannabis sativa
This document provides information about a presentation on medicinal plants given by Group 11. It introduces the course code and title, lists the 13 group members, and gives a brief history of medicinal plant use. Several common medicinal plants are then described in more detail, including their botanical features, parts used, and therapeutic properties. Bel, Harjora, and Haritaki are three plants discussed in depth. The document concludes with an overview of the economic and social benefits of medicinal plants.
This document discusses the field of ethnobotany, which is the study of relationships between plants and humans in particular cultures. It examines how ethnobotanists explore how different peoples use plants for food, shelter, medicine, clothing, and religious ceremonies. Some key figures in the development of ethnobotany are mentioned, such as John Harshberger who coined the term. Different branches of ethnobotany are also outlined. The document emphasizes that ethnobotany requires both botanical and anthropological training to understand cultural plant concepts. Examples of some medicinal plants from South America and India are provided, and the significance of medicinal plants for developing new drugs and protecting human and environmental health is discussed.
Arid zone medicinal plants A Lecture By Mr Allah Dad Khan Former DG Agricult...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
Arid zone medicinal plants A Lecture By Mr Allah Dad Khan Former DG Agriculture Extension Khyber Pakhtun Khwa Province & Visiting Professor Agriculture University Peshawar Pakistan
Arid zone medicinal plants A Presentation by Mr Allah Dad Khan Former DG Agri...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
Arid zone medicinal plants A Presentation by Mr Allah Dad Khan Former DG Agri Extension /Visiting Professor the University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan
The document discusses folk medicine practices in India, specifically focusing on tribal and traditional medicine. It defines tribal/folk medicine as practices developed within unique socio-cultural environments based on trial and error over generations. Traditional Indian medicine includes Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha, yoga, and naturopathy. Ayurveda focuses on balancing doshas using herbs. It describes oral diseases and treatments mentioned in ancient texts. The document also discusses daily oral healthcare practices in Ayurveda like brushing, tongue scraping, and gargling/oil pulling and their medicinal benefits.
History of medicinal plant use A Presentation By Mr Allah Dad Khan Former Di...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
History of medicinal plant use A Presentation By Mr Allah Dad Khan Former Director General Agriculture Extension KPK Province and Visiting Professor the University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan
Ethnobotany - Relation between Plants and Human M Nadeem Akram
Ethnobotany is the study of relationships between people and plants. It examines how plants are used across cultures for food, medicine, textiles, and other purposes. Some key points in the document include:
- Ethnobotany aims to document, describe, and explain complex relationships between cultures and plant uses.
- Several important figures contributed to the early history and development of ethnobotany, including Dioscorides, Fuchs, Ray, and Linnaeus.
- The document provides examples of ethnobotanical uses for several plants from India, including Nigella sativa, Achyranthes aspera, Phoenix dactylifera, Cannabis sativa
This document provides information about a presentation on medicinal plants given by Group 11. It introduces the course code and title, lists the 13 group members, and gives a brief history of medicinal plant use. Several common medicinal plants are then described in more detail, including their botanical features, parts used, and therapeutic properties. Bel, Harjora, and Haritaki are three plants discussed in depth. The document concludes with an overview of the economic and social benefits of medicinal plants.
This document discusses the field of ethnobotany, which is the study of relationships between plants and humans in particular cultures. It examines how ethnobotanists explore how different peoples use plants for food, shelter, medicine, clothing, and religious ceremonies. Some key figures in the development of ethnobotany are mentioned, such as John Harshberger who coined the term. Different branches of ethnobotany are also outlined. The document emphasizes that ethnobotany requires both botanical and anthropological training to understand cultural plant concepts. Examples of some medicinal plants from South America and India are provided, and the significance of medicinal plants for developing new drugs and protecting human and environmental health is discussed.
Ethnomedicinal plants used to cure skin diseases by tribals of Mahabubnagar d...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences(IOSR-JPBS) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of Pharmacy and Biological Science. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in Pharmacy and Biological Science. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
It contains information regarding five medicinal plants - Aloe vera, Cranberry, Clove, Lavender, Turmeric. Their Binomial classification, introduction and their uses.
Ethnobotany: Definition, Development, Impact on traditional medicines & herba...VarshaSrivastav
Ethnobotany is the study of relationships between people and plants. It examines how human cultures interact with and use indigenous plants. Ethnobotany has impacted traditional medicine by informing the evaluation and discovery of herbal drugs. Proper harvesting, processing, and storage of plants as described by ethnobotanical knowledge helps ensure conservation and safe preparation of medicinal plants. Skills in botany, anthropology, and linguistics are required to understand a culture's plant perceptions and terminology. Examples of important drugs derived from ethnobotanical approaches include artemisinin, codeine, and tetrahydrocannabinol.
This document discusses the field of ethnopharmacology, which is the scientific study of medicinal substances used by different cultural groups. It provides examples of many plants and the indigenous medicinal uses of those plants, including yew, coca, willow, opium poppy, and ginseng. It also describes how some modern pharmaceuticals were developed from studying ethnopharmacological substances, such as aspirin from willow bark, quinine from cinchona, and taxol from yew trees.
This document provides an overview of herbal cultivation. It discusses the history of herbal medicine from early human cultures through modern practices in various regions. Methods of propagating, growing, harvesting, processing and marketing herbs are covered. The importance of climate, soil, and cultivation techniques are explained. A brief checkpoint quiz is included to conclude the summary.
This document discusses medicinal plants and their uses. It provides examples of several common medicinal plants found in India such as tulsi, neem, phyllanthus niruri, and hibiscus and describes their medicinal properties and the parts of the plants used. Some key benefits of medicinal plants discussed are that they are often less expensive than prescription drugs, may have fewer side effects, and can be used in various forms like teas. The document concludes by stating that medicinal plants can be good alternatives for many diseases but should be used carefully and it is best to consult a professional when using them for serious conditions.
Turmeric has many uses including as a yellow coloring agent in cooking, in Hindu rituals, and in cosmetics due to its beneficial properties for skin. It can also repel insects and help with coughs, asthma, and congested nasal passages when burned or inhaled. Turmeric can be used to treat chronic ear infections, stop sniffles and nosebleeds when mixed with ghee and applied to the nose, and help maintain eye shape and integrity. A turmeric/water decoction can also treat conjunctivitis and eye diseases. Turmeric is commonly used in Hindu celebrations and weddings to produce a natural golden glow and is an ingredient in herbal products for skin and hair.
This document discusses medicinal plants and their prospects in Bihar, India. It provides background on the ancient use of plants for medicine dating back 60,000 years. It outlines some early civilizations and medical systems that incorporated plants, including Ayurveda. The document then focuses on Bihar's potential for growing medicinal plants due to its natural factors. It provides examples of economically important plants grown in Bihar like lemon grass, ashwagandha, and garlic. It also describes the uses of other plants like tulsi, ginger, brahmi, arjuna, and five-leaved chaste tree. Former President Abdul Kalam helped promote medicinal plant cultivation in Bihar. Finally, it
The document summarizes research on traditional Maya medicine in Belize. It describes the Q'eqchi' Maya people and their traditional healers who provide primary healthcare using plants. The researchers collaborated with the Kekchi Maya Healer's Association to study various medicinal plants. Their research validated several traditional uses, finding that plants used for epilepsy, anxiety, and inflammation showed pharmacological activities related to their traditional indications. This involved quantitative ethnobotanical studies, laboratory testing of plant extracts, and correlations between traditional use and biological activity. The research aimed to preserve traditional knowledge while scientifically investigating medicinal plants.
Oregano is an aromatic herb commonly used in Italian and Mediterranean cuisines. It has a long history of traditional medicinal uses and contains antioxidants that may help prevent cancer. Oregano grows as a perennial plant native to regions including India, Eurasia, and the Mediterranean. It produces purple flowers and opposite heart-shaped leaves. Oregano is commonly used as a culinary herb to flavor foods, and it is also used in traditional herbal medicine to treat conditions like colds, asthma, indigestion, and skin infections.
Thai herbal plants and its medicinal valuesAlisha Roy
While this theory has it roots in Indian Ayurvedic principles first introduced in Thailand during the second or third centuries BC, when Buddhist monks arrived to teach their new religion, Thais must have already been concocting herbal remedies, as it has always been the nature of man to discover better solutions for survival. http://bit.ly/13lV0oW
Medicinal plants are abundant in the Philippines and can be easily cultivated. They grow in mountains, forests, backyards, and farms. Many plants have medicinal properties and can be used to treat illnesses in a cost-effective manner. The document provides guidelines for properly harvesting, storing, and using medicinal plants. It also lists several common plants used to treat ailments like cough, fever, gas, pain, and diabetes and includes instructions for preparing decoctions and other remedies from these plants.
Herbal plants have been used throughout human history for both medicinal and culinary purposes. They contain chemical compounds that can have beneficial effects on the human body similar to conventional drugs, but also have potential side effects. Herbs can be perennials, biennials, or annuals, and some are used as both herbs and spices. The use of plants as medicine predates written history, and many common weeds also have medicinal properties. India has a long history of using Ayurvedic herbal remedies and is home to around 2000 species of medicinal plants.
- Ethnobotany is the study of how indigenous communities make use of local plant species, including their traditional knowledge of the surrounding plant diversity and the relationships between societies and the plant world.
- The document provides examples of plant species from the Arabian Peninsula and their traditional medicinal and other uses by local communities, such as using extracts from various plants to treat illnesses, bruises, headaches, and more.
- It also lists some plant species used for non-medicinal purposes, such as construction materials, perfume manufacturing, firewood, and the ecological roles of mangrove species along coastal regions.
Traditional medicine (also known as indigenous or folk medicine) comprises medical aspects of traditional knowledge that developed over generations within the folk beliefs of various societies before the era of modern medicine.
Ethnobotanical studies on useful plants of Sirumalai Hills of Eastern Ghats, ...Innspub Net
This document describes an ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by tribal people and herbal practitioners in Sirumalai Hills, Tamil Nadu, India. Through interviews, 44 plant species across 28 families were recorded as being used to treat various illnesses. The plants are used in forms like juices, extracts, powders, and pastes to treat conditions such as asthma, snake bites, worms, fever, jaundice, diarrhea, skin diseases, and more. Both dicot and monocot plants are used. Further investigation of the medicinal properties of these plants could lead to new herbal treatments. Documenting traditional plant knowledge helps conserve biological resources and their sustainable use.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Pahrmaceutical Science. IJPSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
This document discusses ethnopharmacology and covers several topics:
- Ethnopharmacology is the study of traditional medicinal plant use by communities and indigenous people. Many modern medicines originated from traditional uses.
- Herbal medicine is one type of complementary and alternative medicine using plants as therapeutic substances.
- The document provides examples of traditional medicinal plant uses by various cultures and regions including Egypt, Tibet, Australia, Bolivia, Spain and discusses some commonly used species.
- Many foods also have traditional medicinal uses for conditions like digestive issues, parasites, and wounds. Beverages made from plants are also used medicinally.
Arid And Semi Arid zone Mediinal Plants A Presentation By Mr Allah Dad Khan ...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
New arid zone Mediinal Plants A Presentation By Mr Allah Dad Khan Short training Course on "Medicinal and Aromatic Plants , Boon for Enterprise development March 24th to 26th March 2017 at PFI Peshawar
Studies on plants having antihelmenthic activityDr. sreeremya S
An herb is a plant that is esteemed for flavour, aroma, or different qualities. Herbs are used
in cooking, as medicines, and for spiritual purposes. From old days to now a day, medicinal
plants are a potential and valuable for the treatment of several diseases and disorders.
Ethnomedicinal plants used to cure skin diseases by tribals of Mahabubnagar d...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences(IOSR-JPBS) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of Pharmacy and Biological Science. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in Pharmacy and Biological Science. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
It contains information regarding five medicinal plants - Aloe vera, Cranberry, Clove, Lavender, Turmeric. Their Binomial classification, introduction and their uses.
Ethnobotany: Definition, Development, Impact on traditional medicines & herba...VarshaSrivastav
Ethnobotany is the study of relationships between people and plants. It examines how human cultures interact with and use indigenous plants. Ethnobotany has impacted traditional medicine by informing the evaluation and discovery of herbal drugs. Proper harvesting, processing, and storage of plants as described by ethnobotanical knowledge helps ensure conservation and safe preparation of medicinal plants. Skills in botany, anthropology, and linguistics are required to understand a culture's plant perceptions and terminology. Examples of important drugs derived from ethnobotanical approaches include artemisinin, codeine, and tetrahydrocannabinol.
This document discusses the field of ethnopharmacology, which is the scientific study of medicinal substances used by different cultural groups. It provides examples of many plants and the indigenous medicinal uses of those plants, including yew, coca, willow, opium poppy, and ginseng. It also describes how some modern pharmaceuticals were developed from studying ethnopharmacological substances, such as aspirin from willow bark, quinine from cinchona, and taxol from yew trees.
This document provides an overview of herbal cultivation. It discusses the history of herbal medicine from early human cultures through modern practices in various regions. Methods of propagating, growing, harvesting, processing and marketing herbs are covered. The importance of climate, soil, and cultivation techniques are explained. A brief checkpoint quiz is included to conclude the summary.
This document discusses medicinal plants and their uses. It provides examples of several common medicinal plants found in India such as tulsi, neem, phyllanthus niruri, and hibiscus and describes their medicinal properties and the parts of the plants used. Some key benefits of medicinal plants discussed are that they are often less expensive than prescription drugs, may have fewer side effects, and can be used in various forms like teas. The document concludes by stating that medicinal plants can be good alternatives for many diseases but should be used carefully and it is best to consult a professional when using them for serious conditions.
Turmeric has many uses including as a yellow coloring agent in cooking, in Hindu rituals, and in cosmetics due to its beneficial properties for skin. It can also repel insects and help with coughs, asthma, and congested nasal passages when burned or inhaled. Turmeric can be used to treat chronic ear infections, stop sniffles and nosebleeds when mixed with ghee and applied to the nose, and help maintain eye shape and integrity. A turmeric/water decoction can also treat conjunctivitis and eye diseases. Turmeric is commonly used in Hindu celebrations and weddings to produce a natural golden glow and is an ingredient in herbal products for skin and hair.
This document discusses medicinal plants and their prospects in Bihar, India. It provides background on the ancient use of plants for medicine dating back 60,000 years. It outlines some early civilizations and medical systems that incorporated plants, including Ayurveda. The document then focuses on Bihar's potential for growing medicinal plants due to its natural factors. It provides examples of economically important plants grown in Bihar like lemon grass, ashwagandha, and garlic. It also describes the uses of other plants like tulsi, ginger, brahmi, arjuna, and five-leaved chaste tree. Former President Abdul Kalam helped promote medicinal plant cultivation in Bihar. Finally, it
The document summarizes research on traditional Maya medicine in Belize. It describes the Q'eqchi' Maya people and their traditional healers who provide primary healthcare using plants. The researchers collaborated with the Kekchi Maya Healer's Association to study various medicinal plants. Their research validated several traditional uses, finding that plants used for epilepsy, anxiety, and inflammation showed pharmacological activities related to their traditional indications. This involved quantitative ethnobotanical studies, laboratory testing of plant extracts, and correlations between traditional use and biological activity. The research aimed to preserve traditional knowledge while scientifically investigating medicinal plants.
Oregano is an aromatic herb commonly used in Italian and Mediterranean cuisines. It has a long history of traditional medicinal uses and contains antioxidants that may help prevent cancer. Oregano grows as a perennial plant native to regions including India, Eurasia, and the Mediterranean. It produces purple flowers and opposite heart-shaped leaves. Oregano is commonly used as a culinary herb to flavor foods, and it is also used in traditional herbal medicine to treat conditions like colds, asthma, indigestion, and skin infections.
Thai herbal plants and its medicinal valuesAlisha Roy
While this theory has it roots in Indian Ayurvedic principles first introduced in Thailand during the second or third centuries BC, when Buddhist monks arrived to teach their new religion, Thais must have already been concocting herbal remedies, as it has always been the nature of man to discover better solutions for survival. http://bit.ly/13lV0oW
Medicinal plants are abundant in the Philippines and can be easily cultivated. They grow in mountains, forests, backyards, and farms. Many plants have medicinal properties and can be used to treat illnesses in a cost-effective manner. The document provides guidelines for properly harvesting, storing, and using medicinal plants. It also lists several common plants used to treat ailments like cough, fever, gas, pain, and diabetes and includes instructions for preparing decoctions and other remedies from these plants.
Herbal plants have been used throughout human history for both medicinal and culinary purposes. They contain chemical compounds that can have beneficial effects on the human body similar to conventional drugs, but also have potential side effects. Herbs can be perennials, biennials, or annuals, and some are used as both herbs and spices. The use of plants as medicine predates written history, and many common weeds also have medicinal properties. India has a long history of using Ayurvedic herbal remedies and is home to around 2000 species of medicinal plants.
- Ethnobotany is the study of how indigenous communities make use of local plant species, including their traditional knowledge of the surrounding plant diversity and the relationships between societies and the plant world.
- The document provides examples of plant species from the Arabian Peninsula and their traditional medicinal and other uses by local communities, such as using extracts from various plants to treat illnesses, bruises, headaches, and more.
- It also lists some plant species used for non-medicinal purposes, such as construction materials, perfume manufacturing, firewood, and the ecological roles of mangrove species along coastal regions.
Traditional medicine (also known as indigenous or folk medicine) comprises medical aspects of traditional knowledge that developed over generations within the folk beliefs of various societies before the era of modern medicine.
Ethnobotanical studies on useful plants of Sirumalai Hills of Eastern Ghats, ...Innspub Net
This document describes an ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by tribal people and herbal practitioners in Sirumalai Hills, Tamil Nadu, India. Through interviews, 44 plant species across 28 families were recorded as being used to treat various illnesses. The plants are used in forms like juices, extracts, powders, and pastes to treat conditions such as asthma, snake bites, worms, fever, jaundice, diarrhea, skin diseases, and more. Both dicot and monocot plants are used. Further investigation of the medicinal properties of these plants could lead to new herbal treatments. Documenting traditional plant knowledge helps conserve biological resources and their sustainable use.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Pahrmaceutical Science. IJPSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
This document discusses ethnopharmacology and covers several topics:
- Ethnopharmacology is the study of traditional medicinal plant use by communities and indigenous people. Many modern medicines originated from traditional uses.
- Herbal medicine is one type of complementary and alternative medicine using plants as therapeutic substances.
- The document provides examples of traditional medicinal plant uses by various cultures and regions including Egypt, Tibet, Australia, Bolivia, Spain and discusses some commonly used species.
- Many foods also have traditional medicinal uses for conditions like digestive issues, parasites, and wounds. Beverages made from plants are also used medicinally.
Arid And Semi Arid zone Mediinal Plants A Presentation By Mr Allah Dad Khan ...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
New arid zone Mediinal Plants A Presentation By Mr Allah Dad Khan Short training Course on "Medicinal and Aromatic Plants , Boon for Enterprise development March 24th to 26th March 2017 at PFI Peshawar
Studies on plants having antihelmenthic activityDr. sreeremya S
An herb is a plant that is esteemed for flavour, aroma, or different qualities. Herbs are used
in cooking, as medicines, and for spiritual purposes. From old days to now a day, medicinal
plants are a potential and valuable for the treatment of several diseases and disorders.
African traditional medicine is a holistic health practice that uses indigenous herbalism combined with some aspects of spirituality. It involves the direct application of herbal remedies, animal parts, or mineral materials for healing purposes. It is still the main source of healthcare delivery in almost all Africa nations in spite of the growth of religious enlightenment, western civilization, and modern medicine. It is often regarded as an alternative or complementary system of medicine. This paper provides an introduction on African traditional medicine. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Tolulope J. Ashaolu | Sarhan M. Musa "African Traditional Medicine: A Primer" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30927.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/30927/african-traditional-medicine-a-primer/matthew-n-o-sadiku
Historical background of medicinal plants and folk medicinesRahatNazar1
- The historical use of medicinal plants dates back over 5000 years to ancient Sumerian clay tablets listing over 250 plants used for drug preparation. Many plants used in ancient Chinese, Indian, Egyptian and Greek medicine from 2500 BC to 50 AD are still used today.
- In the Middle Ages, monasteries grew and prepared medicinal plants. In the 19th century, isolation of active alkaloids like morphine, quinine and pomegranate marked the rise of scientific pharmacy.
- Today most pharmacopoeias worldwide still include medicinal plants like garlic, aloe vera, opium poppy, fennel and clove that were traditionally used as folk medicines for their healing
Herbs as Plant Materials : In this video the viewers will come to know about herbs as plant materials. Herbs are flowering plants whose stems grow above ground and are not woody. They have weak and soft stems. They are plants which are known for medicinal value, flower scent, etc. Any plant with leaves, seeds, or flowers used for flavouring, food, medicine, or perfume. Any seed-bearing plant that does not have a woody stem and dies down to the ground after flowering.
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Portion explained:
1. Herbs as Plant Materials
2. Definition of herbs
3. What is herbal medicine?
4. Herbal Medicine
5. History of Herbal Medicine
6. Modern herbal medicine
7. Herbal preparations
Week 2 TRADITIONAL HEALTH CARE 2.ppt.pptxTinguChantal
Here are potential responses to the task questions:
1) Two local traditional remedies in my area are [NAME OF PLANT] for malaria and [NAME OF PLANT] for wounds. [NAME OF PLANT] leaves are crushed and boiled in water as a tea to reduce fever from malaria. [NAME OF PLANT] sap is applied directly to wounds to prevent infection and promote healing.
2) [NAME OF PLANT] tea for malaria can be helpful by reducing fever, but the dosage needs to be carefully monitored to avoid side effects. Direct application of [NAME OF PLANT] sap to wounds can promote healing but risks infection if not prepared and applied hygienically.
3) Research centers would be interested
This document discusses the history and use of traditional medicine. It notes that prior to modern science, herbal medications were used to treat illness. Traditional medicine involves health practices, knowledge, and beliefs used to maintain wellness. It has been used for generations by indigenous communities worldwide. Traditional healers may use religion, experience, or family heritage to inform their practices. Herbalism is a primary treatment method in African traditional medicine, and 60-80% of African populations use traditional medicine. In Ethiopia, traditional healers primarily use herbs, spiritual healing, bone-setting, and minor surgery. Up to 80% of Ethiopians rely on traditional remedies as primary healthcare and sometimes combine them with conventional treatments without informing doctors.
Herbal Drug Technology
Herbs as Raw Materials: Definition of herb, herbal medicine, herbal medicinal product and herbal drug preparation, source of herbs, selection, identification and authentication of herbal materials, processing of herbal raw material.
Herbal Excipients : Herbal Excipients – Significance of substances of natural origin as excipients, – colorants, sweeteners, binders, diluents, viscosity builders, dis-integrants, flavors & perfumes.
Herbal Formulations: Stages involved in herbal formulations, Orthodox formulations and methods of delivery of herbal extracts, Novel formulations of herbal extracts.
Integrative medicine, which some call: complementary, alternative, natural, holistic, etc., has its origins in ethnoiatry, from the rich medical traditions of various peoples around the world. The Americans have called it Complementary and Alternative Medicine (C.A.M.), a name that has spread around the world in recent years. The traditional therapeutic methods have been living in the last period, a real rebirth worldwide and they have been recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO). The most well-known natural methods, some of which have a multi millenary existence and are widely used worldwide in current medicine, are: acupuncture, apitherapy, aromatherapy, ayurveda, diet therapy, phytotherapy, heliotherapy, homeopathy, hydrotherapy, manual therapies, etc. It is necessary to mention first of all Ayurveda, the ancient Indian medicine, which is documented for over 5000 years and acupuncture, part of Traditional Chinese Medicine (T.C.M.), which is over 3500 years old, or phytotherapy and apitherapy, related to the beginnings of human existence on Earth. In the third millennium, we are witnessing a re-evaluation of traditional therapeutic methods, which have been adapted to the scientific requirements specific to our day and have been accepted by the medical world. Integrative medicine, which brings together the exceptional achievements of modern medicine, with the healing power of various "soft" therapies, is the way forward in the 21st century.
P. niruri has been used in traditional medicine systems for over 2000 years to treat various conditions. It contains many phytochemicals including lignans, terpenes, flavonoids, and alkaloids. Lignans like phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin are responsible for its hepatoprotective and anti-viral effects against conditions like hepatitis. Terpenes exhibit anti-cancer and antimicrobial activity, while flavonoids have antioxidant effects. P. niruri has a long history of safe use and further research on its various phytochemicals can lead to new drug discoveries.
Ethnobotany is the study of traditional plant knowledge and use by cultures. The document discusses the history of ethnobotany and traditional plant medicine. It provides examples of medicinal plants used by indigenous tribes in India, including Trichopus zeylanicus used as a health food, Caralluma adscendens as an appetite suppressant, and Strychnos potatorum used to purify water. Cycas beddomei is a threatened living fossil used by local people to treat arthritis and muscle pains.
Ethiopian traditional medicine relies heavily on traditional healers and remedies. It views health holistically, including physical, spiritual, social and mental well-being. Traditional practices include use of herbs, holy water, prayers and amulets by healers like debteras and kalichas to treat various conditions. Traditional medicine is preferred in some communities due to its availability, affordability and cultural acceptance. Healers employ plant, animal and mineral substances and perform bone-setting, spiritual healing and other practices handed down orally through generations. Traditional medicine plays an important role in Ethiopia's healthcare system through prevention, diagnosis and treatment of many diseases.
The document provides information on herbal medicines and Macrothelypteris torresiana. It discusses that herbal medicines are derived from ancient civilizations and have stood the test of time. Macrothelypteris torresiana is a species of fern native to tropical Africa and Asia that contains flavonoids with potential medicinal properties. The document outlines extraction methods used to obtain compounds from M. torresiana, including maceration, digestion, decoction, percolation, and Soxhlet extraction. Preliminary phytochemical screening of extracts detected the presence of alkaloids and carbohydrates.
Triphala is an Ayurvedic herbal supplement composed of equal parts of three myrobalans - Haritaki, Bibhitaki, and Amalaki. It is used to support digestion, regularity, tissue health, and antioxidant benefits. Triphala balances the three Ayurvedic doshas (vata, pitta, kapha) and is considered a rasayana, or rejuvenative tonic. Each myrobalan provides therapeutic properties and the combination results in a balanced formula useful for cleansing and detoxification.
This document summarizes a presentation on nephroprotective plants. It discusses how nephrotoxicity can damage the kidneys and outlines several plants that may help protect the kidneys, including ginger, black cumin, ginseng, and papaya. Each plant is described in terms of its traditional uses and active chemical constituents that have shown nephroprotective effects in studies. The conclusion states that while several plants studied have demonstrated nephroprotective activity, more scientific evidence is still needed to validate claims about other plants' potential kidney protective effects.
APPLICATIONS OF PHYTONUTRIENTS & ESSENTIAL OILS IN HEALTH CAREAmshumala S
This document discusses phytonutrients and herbalism. It begins with an introduction to phytonutrients, which are compounds found in plants that are thought to promote human health. It then provides a brief history of herbalism, noting that written records of medicinal plant use date back thousands of years. The document goes on to describe major classes of phytonutrients like tannins, saponins, flavonoids, and alkaloids. It also provides examples of plants and foods rich in phytonutrients and discusses how essential oils are extracted and can be used for aromatherapy and health applications.
his guideline should be read in conjunction with other ICH guidelines relevant to the
conduct of clinical trials (e.g., E2A (clinical safety data management), E3 (clinical study
reporting), E7 (geriatric populations), E8 (general considerations for clinical trials), E9
(statistical principles), and E11 (pediatric populations)).
This ICH GCP Guideline Integrated Addendum provides a unified standard for the European
Union, Japan, the United States, Canada, and Switzerland to facilitate the mutual acceptance
of data from clinical trials by the regulatory authorities in these jurisdictions. In the event of
any conflict between the E6(R1) text and the E6(R2) addendum text, the E6(R2) addendum
text should take priority.
This document discusses several herbal plants used in Ayurvedic medicine, including ashwagandha and aloe vera. Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) is a plant in the Solanaceae family cultivated in India and Nepal that is used for its roots in Ayurvedic medicine. Its main chemical constituents are alkaloids and steroidal lactones. Traditionally, its roots and leaves are used to treat various symptoms and conditions. Aloe vera is a succulent plant originating in Africa that is widely used in cosmetics and alternative medicine, though evidence of its effectiveness is limited. It is used externally for its soothing properties and internally as a laxative, though high
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Overall life span (LS) was 1671.7±1721.6 days and cumulative 5YS reached 62.4%, 10 years – 50.4%, 20 years – 44.6%. 94 LCP lived more than 5 years without cancer (LS=2958.6±1723.6 days), 22 – more than 10 years (LS=5571±1841.8 days). 67 LCP died because of LC (LS=471.9±344 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68% vs. 53.7%) (P=0.028 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: N0-N12, T3-4, blood cell circuit, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells-CC and blood cells subpopulations), LC cell dynamics, recalcification time, heparin tolerance, prothrombin index, protein, AT, procedure type (P=0.000-0.031). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and N0-12 (rank=1), thrombocytes/CC (rank=2), segmented neutrophils/CC (3), eosinophils/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), leucocytes/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (error=0.000; area under ROC curve=1.0).
2. Traditional medicine:
• Traditional medicine is the sum total of
knowledge, skills, and practices based on
the theories, beliefs, and experiences
indigenous to different cultures that are
used to maintain health, as well as to
prevent, diagnose, improve, or treat
physical and mental illnesses.
• Traditional medicine that has been
adopted by other population is often
termed complementary or alternative
medicine1
3. African traditional medicine
• African traditional medicine is the oldest, and perhaps the most assorted, of
all therapeutic systems.
• Africa is considered to be the cradle of mankind with a rich biological and
cultural diversity marked by regional differences in healing practices.
• African traditional medicine in its varied forms is holistic involving both
the body and the mind. The traditional healer typically diagnoses and treats
the psychological basis of an illness before prescribing medicines,
particularly medicinal plants to treat the symptoms2
4. African healthcare system interest in TM
The sustained interest in traditional medicine in the African healthcare
system can be justified by two major reasons.
• The first one is inadequate access
to allopathic medicines and
western forms of treatments,
whereby the majority of people in
Africa cannot afford access to
modern medical care either
because it is too costly or because
there are no medical service
providers
• Second, there is a lack of effective
modern medical treatment for
some ailments such as malaria
and/or HIV/AIDS, which,
although global in distribution,
disproportionately affect Africa
more than other areas in the world.
5. Medicinal plants:
• The most common traditional medicine in common practice across the
African continent is the use of medicinal plants. In many parts of Africa,
medicinal plants are the most easily accessible health resource available to
the community.
• Indeed, Africa is blessed with enormous biodiversity resources and it is
estimated to contain between 40 and 45,000 species of plant with a
potential for development and out of which 5,000 species are used
medicinally3.
6. Examples of medicinal plants:
1. Acacia senegal (L.) —Gum Arabic:
• Acacia senegal, also known as gum Arabic, is native to semidesert and
drier regions of sub-Saharan Africa, but widespread from Southern to
Northern Africa.
• It is used as a medicinal plant in parts of Northern Nigeria, West Africa,
North Africa, and other parts of the world.
• The use of gum arabic (or gum acacia), which is derived from an exudate
from the bark, dates from the first Egyptian Dynasty (3400 B.C.).
7. • It was used in the production of ink, which
was made from a mixture of carbon, gum,
and water.
• The gum of A. senegal has been used
medicinally for centuries, and various parts
of the plant are used to treat infections such
as bleeding, bronchitis, diarrhea, gonorrhea,
leprosy, typhoid fever, and upper respiratory
tract infections. African herbalists use gum
acacia to bind pills and to stabilize
emulsions.
• It is also used in aromatherapy for applying
essential oils
8. • It has been used as demulcent, skin protective agent, and pharmaceutical
aids such as emulsifier and stabilizer of suspensions and additives for solid
formulations.
• It is sometimes used to treat bacterial and fungal infections of the skin and
mouth.
• Additionally, it has also been documented to be used as antitussive,
expectorant, astringent, catarrh and against colds, coughs, diarrhea,
dysentery, gonorrhea, hemorrhage, sore throat, typhoid, and for urinary
tract ailments
• Recently, it has been reported that A. senegal bark extracts were
evaluated in vitro for their antimicrobial potential against human
pathogenic isolates
9. Aloe ferox Mill. —Bitter Aloe or Cape Aloe
• Aloe ferox is native to South Africa and Lesotho and is considered to be the most common
Aloe species in South Africa.
• A. ferox has been used since time immemorial and has a well-documented history of use as an
alternative medicine and is one of the few plants depicted in San rock paintings. The bitter
latex, known as Cape aloe, is used as laxative medicine in Africa and Europe and is considered
to have bitter tonic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer propertie.
• It is most popularly used for its laxative effect and as a topical application to the skin, eyes,
and mucous membranes.
• The leaves have been reported to contain two juices; the yellow bitter sap is used as laxative
while the white aloe gel is used in health drinks and skin care products.
10. Artemisia herba-alba Asso (Med)—
Wormwood
• Artemisia herba-alba is commonly known as wormwood
or desert wormwood.
• It is a greyish strongly aromatic perennial dwarf shrub
native to the Northern Africa, Arabian Peninsula, and
Western Asia.
• A. herba-alba has been used in folk medicine by many
cultures since ancient times. In Moroccan folk medicine,
it is used to treat arterial hypertension and diabetes and
in Tunisia, it is used to treat diabetes, bronchitis,
diarrhea, hypertension, and neuralgias .
• Herbal tea from A. herba-alba has been used as
analgesic, antibacterial, antispasmodic, and hemostatic
agents in folk medicines.
11. Aspalathus linearis—Rooibos
• Aspalathus linearis, an endemic South African fynbos species, is
cultivated to produce the well-known herbal tea, also commonly
known as rooibos. Its caffeine-free and comparatively low
tannin status, combined with its potential health-promoting
properties, most notably antioxidant activity, has contributed to
its popularity and consumer acceptance globally. The utilization
of rooibos has also moved beyond a herbal tea to intermediate
value-added products such as extracts for the beverage, food,
nutraceuticals and cosmetic markets
• Rooibos is used traditionally throughout Africa in numerous
ways. It has been used as a refreshment drink and as a healthy
tea beverage
12. • The bronchodilator, antispasmodic, and blood pressure lowering effects of rooibos
tea have been confirmed in vitro and in vivo.
• It has also been reported that the antispasmodic effect of the rooibos is mediated
predominantly through potassium ionchannel activation.
• There is also increasing evidence of antimutagenic effects. Animal study suggested
the prevention of age-related accumulation of lipid peroxidases in the brain.
• Rooibos extracts, usually combined with other ingredients, are available in pill
form, but these products fall in the category of dietary supplements. Recent
research has underscored the potential of aspalathin and selected rooibos extracts
such as an aspalathin-enriched green rooibos extract as antidiabetic agents
13. Conclusion
• African-plant-based medicines involve in the prevention and cure
of various pathologies. Medicinal plants still play an important role
in healthcare system in African countries.
14. References
1. WHO, Fact sheet N°134 2008, http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/2003/fs134/en/.
2. A. Gurib-Fakim, “Medicinal plants: traditions of yesterday and drugs of tomorrow,” Molecular Aspects
of Medicine, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 1–93, 2006.
3. C. Manach, A. Scalbert, C. Morand, C. Rémésy, and L. Jiménez, “Polyphenols: food sources and
bioavailability,” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 79, no. 5, pp. 727–747, 2004.
4. A. Gurib-Fakim, T. Brendler, L. D. Phillips, and L. N. Eloff, Green Gold—Success Stories Using
Southern African Plant Species, AAMPS Publishing, Mauritius, 2010.
5. T. Brendler, L. N. Eloff, A. Gurib-Fakim, and L. D. Phillips, African Herbal Pharmacopeia, AAMPS
Publishing, Mauritius, 2010.
6. R. Segal, I. Feuerstein, and A. Danin, “Chemotypes of Artemisia herba-alba in Israel based on their
sesquiterpene lactone and essential oil constitution,” Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, vol. 15, no.
4, pp. 411–416, 1987.
7. E. Joubert and D. de Beer, “Rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) beyond the farm gate: from herbal tea to
potential phytopharmaceutical,” South African Journal of Botany, vol. 77, no. 4, pp. 869–886, 2011.