This document provides an overview of trade unions in India. It defines a trade union and outlines their key objectives such as securing wages, working conditions, and employee welfare. The major trade union organizations in India are listed. The functions of trade unions are described as militant/fighting functions, which include collective bargaining and strikes, and fraternal functions like legal assistance and education programs. Advantages of trade unions to employees, employers and society are provided. Finally, factors for joining a union and challenges faced by unions are discussed. Suggestions to strengthen unions include reducing multiplicity, paid union officials, and developing internal leadership.

1. Presentation
On
Trade Union in
India
Presented By:
Mayank Kothari
2016JULB01051

2. Introduction
• The main elements in the development of
trade unions of workers in every country
have been more or less the same.
• The setting up of large-scale industrial
units, created conditions of widespread
use of machinery, new lines of production,
and brought about changes in working and
living environment of workers, and
concentration of industries in large towns.
• It was this labour protest on an organized
scale, through the support of some
philanthropic personalities, that organized
labour unions came to be formed

3. Definition
Section 2(h) of the trade unions act, 1926 has defined a trade union
as,
“Anycombination, whether temporary or permanent, formed
primarily for the purpose of regulating the relations between
workmen and employers, or between workmen and workmen, or
between employers and employers, or for imposing restrictive
conditions on the conduct of any trade or business, and includes
any federation of two or more trade unions.”

4. • Trade union is an association either of
employees or employers or of independent
workers.
• It is a relatively permanent formation of workers. It is not
a temporary or casual combination of workers.
• It is formed for securing certain economic & social
benefits to members.
• Collective strength offers a sort of insurance cover to
members to fight against irrational, arbitrary and illegal
actions of employers. Members can share their feelings,
exchange notes and fight the employer quite effectively
whenever he goes off the track.

5. Trade Union Organizations
in India:
• All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC)
• Bharatiya Mazdoor Sangh (BMS)
• Centre of Indian Trade Unions (CITU)
• Hind Mazdoor Kisan Panchayat (HMKP)
• Hind Mazdoor Sabha (HMS)
• Indian Federation of Free Trade Unions (IFFTU)
• Indian National Trade Union Congress (INTUC)
• National Front of Indian Trade Unions (NFITU)
• National Labor Organization (NLO)
• Trade Unions Co-ordination Centre (TUCC)
• United Trade Union Congress (UTUC) and
• United Trade Union Congress - Lenin Sarani
(UTUC- LS)

6. Objectives of
Trade Unions
• Wages salaries
• Working conditions
• Discipline
• Personnel policies
• Welfare
• Employee-employer relation
• Negotiating machinery
• Safeguarding organizational health and interest of
the industry

7. Functions of Trade Union
Functions of Trade Union are
broadly classified into:
• Militant/Fighting Function
• Fraternal Function

8. Militant/Fighting
Function
• Aim of militant activities are to ensure
adequate wages, secure better
conditions of work and employment,
get better treatment from employers
etc.
• When union fails to achieve the aims
through collective bargaining &
negotiation they adopt an approach in
the form of fight against management
through go-slow tactics ,strike , boycott,
gherao, etc.

9. Objectives of
Militant Function
• Toachieve higher wages and better working
conditions.
• Toraise the status of workers as a part of industry.
• Toprotect labors against victimization and injustice.

10. Fraternal Function
• Social & economical upliftment
• Aims of this functions are to render help
to its members & improve their
efficiency.
• It undertake various welfare measures
of its members like
• Legal assistance at the time of need
• Schools for education of children,
library, reading room ,indoor-
outdoor games facilities and
recreational activitiesetc.

11. Objectives of
Fraternal Function
• Totake up welfare measures for improving the
morale of workers.
• Togenerate self confidence among workers.
• Toencourage sincerity and discipline among
workers.
• Toprovide opportunities for promotion and growth.
• Toprotect women workers against discrimination.
• The prime objective of these functions are to foster
a spiritof cooperation and promote friendly
industrial relation.

12. Advantages of Trade Union to employees:
• It promotes unity.
• It ensures improvement in working conditions and
provision for better welfare facilities.
• Spirit of self reliance and self respect.
• Uniform wages.
• Change in employer’s altitude
Advantages of Trade Union to employer:
• Dispute can be avoided or may be solved politely
• It results to industrial peace
• Framing healthily labour policies. It reduces chance of
industrial dispute in future
Advantages of Trade Union to the society:
• Gain sympathy of general public (in crisis).
• Propose to the government (to enact labour policies to
protect and develop labour force of the country in a better
way.
• It helps in development of industrial economy by
maintaining good industrial relations, thus it will results in
higher and better production at lower cost.

13. Propelling Factors for
joining Trade Union
• Greater Bargaining & Negotiation Power
• Minimize Discrimination
• Sense Of Security
• Sense Of Belongingness
• Sense Of Participation
• Platform For Self Expression
• Betterment Of Relationship

15. Problems & Weaknesses of
Trade Union
• Uneven growth
• Limited membership
• Multiplicity of unions
• Outside leadership
• Financial problems
• Indifferent attitude of workers

16. Suggestions for the Development of Trade Unions
AVOID MULTIPLICITY OF UNION :- In one plant to reduce rivalry against one another. It weakens the power of
collective bargaining & reduce effectiveness of workers in ensuring legitimate rights.
PAID UNION OFFICIALS: The trade unions avail the services of the honorary workers due to lack of funds which act as
a demotivating factor for honorary office bearers. This position entrusted lots of responsibility, you are not offered
anything in return which keeps unbiased justice in danger.
DEVELOPMENT OF LEADERSHIP FROM INSIDE UNION MEMBERS : Trade unions are managed by the workers, and
not by the outsiders.
RECOGNITION OF UNION : Till recently employer refused to accept the existence of trade union inside the
organization.

17. Conclusion
• Emergence of trade union to an extent helped
to improve the standard of living of workers but it
is fact that trade unions now a days downsized as
a toy/instrument of various political parties which
force them to regret its moral values