Toxic shock syndrome is often caused by the Staphylococcus aureus (Staph) and less commonly Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria which are able to produce harmful toxins.

1. TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME
SURAMYA BABU
BSC MLT

2. • TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME is a rare , life threatening condition
caused by bacteria getting into body and releasing harmful toxins

3. • Toxic shock syndrome is often caused by the Staphylococcus aureus
(Staph) and less commonly Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria which are
able to produce harmful toxins.
• The bacteria release toxins into your bloodstream which cause
symptoms of shock. The toxins can also damage organs and body
tissue, which can cause death if left untreated.

4. Toxic shock syndrome has been associated
with
• Having cuts or burns on your skin
• Having had recent surgery
• Using contraceptive sponges , diaphragms, superabsorbent tampons or
menstrual cups
• Having a viral infection such as flu or chicken pox

5. Symptoms of TSS
• Headache
• High fever
• Peeling of skin of palms and soles of feet
• Rash on hands and feet
• Reddened eyes
• diarrhoea
• Tachycardia
• Seizures
• Fainting
• Low blood pressure

7. complications
• Hypotension
• Shock
• Renal failure
• Liver failure
• Heart dysfunction
• Adult respiratory distress syndrome
• Death

8. Routes of infection
• Vagina
• Cuts and wound
• Nose
• Surgical and skin wounds

9. Pathophysiology
Colonization or
infection with bacteria
Production of toxins Toxins absorbed
systematically
Production of cell
mediator chemicals
(cytokines, interleukin
1) and tumor necrosis
factor
Capable of mediating
shock and tissue injury
and systemic
manifestations of TSS

10. DIAGNOSIS
• There is no one test for TSS. Difficult to diagnose until characteristic
symptoms evolves and source of infection is identified
• Blood culture
• Throat and vaginal swabs
• Blood test

11. Lab diagnosis of toxic shock syndrome
(TSS)
• Present in >70 % of patients
• Platelet count <15000 / mm3
• pyuria > 5 WBCs per HPF
• Proteinuria
• Bun > 20 mg/Dl
• SGOT > 41 U/L

12. Treatment
• Antibiotics to treat the infection
• Pooled immunoglobulin (purified antibodies taken out of donated
blood from many people) oxygen to help with breathing
• Fluids to help prevent dehydration and organ damage
• Medication to help control blood pressure
• Dialysis if the kidneys stop functioning
• In severe cases, surgery to remove any dead tissue – rarely, it may be
necessary to amputate the affected area