The document discusses preservation policies and methods for libraries. It begins by outlining why preservation is important, both economically and for serving future users. The preservation department aims to identify materials of significance to preserve and protect from deterioration. This involves discussions with other departments to select important works. The department also ensures standards are met for storage, handling, display and maintenance to reduce damage. Specific methods covered include maintaining proper environmental controls like temperature, humidity and light levels. The document also discusses book repair, binding, rebinding and the book binding process.

1. PRESERVATION DEPARTMENT
Cont..chapter 8

3. Why preserve?
▪ Economically, libraries cannot afford to let their
holdings wear out prematurely.Preservation
makes good economic sense.
▪ Preserving current collections is the best way to
serve future users.
▪ Responsible and professional library staff
should be committed to caring for and
preserving the material with which they work.

4. How to begin?
By formulating the preservation
policies.

5. MANAGEMENT, POLICY
AND WORKFLOW

6. Preservation Department aim is to raise awareness of the importance of
library preservation, and the need to identify priorities for preservation
in the Library as a whole.
This involves discussions with Collection Management and subject
specialists within the Library, in order that specific recommendations
can be put forward regarding the selection of materials of significant
bibliographical, historical or aesthetic value, which should be
preserved for the benefit of research and scholarship.
Consideration is also given to the rarity or uniqueness of the materials in
the collections, their national or international significance, and to our
own local needs and special interests.Where appropriate, material will
be selected for re-formatting as microfilm and/or digital files.

7. The Department also ensures adequate standards of
care in regard to 1)the storage, handling, and display of
library materials, 2) to reduce the risk of accidental
damage to the stock, and 3) to control the causes of its
deterioration (become worse).
Finally it plans and co-ordinates the maintenance of the
Library's collections, in a systematic manner, in line with
good preservation practice and the relevant official
standards.

8. Methods Of Preservation

9. Environmental Control
1)Temperature and humidity:
• According to Library of Congress preservation
recommendations, an ideal environment for books is 55° F in
storage areas and not more than 75° F in reading areas (below
70° F is better), with relative humidity levels at 50 percent.
• Very low humidity can cause paper to deteriorate, while high
humidity encourages the growth of molds and mildew.
• Books deteriorate more rapidly at higher temperatures and
with drastic changes of temperature and humidity, such as
when air conditioning is turned off at night and on weekends.
• (Evans, p. 462-263)

10. 2) Light:
• Both natural light and artificial light (especially incandescent
lights) contribute to heat buildup in the building.
• Yellowed paper and faded inks are due in part to light
exposure, particularly ultraviolet radiation, the most damaging
form of light.
• UV rays are present in sunlight, fluorescent and tungsten
lights, so whenever possible lights and windows should be
fitted with ultraviolet filters or drapes.
• Non-print materials are particularly sensitive to the effects of
ultraviolet light, so videotapes and microforms should never
be shelved near a window! (Evans, p.464)

12. 3) Handling
4) Handling
▪ Some basic guidelines for handling books can
help reduce the number of damaged books
you encounter.
▪ Avoid pulling on a book's cover or shoving
books across dusty surfaces.
▪ Do not pack books so tightly on shelves that
their bindings become warped or their covers
become torn by people trying to pull them off
the shelf.
▪ On the other hand, books should sit upright
on shelves, not leaning or bent to one side.

13. Non-print materials handling
▪ Non-print materials also require special
care.
▪ Microforms should be handled by the
edges, since fingerprints can obscure the
images, and microfilm and microfiche
readers should be cleaned regularly to
prevent scratching.
▪ Care should be taken to handle compact
discs and CD-ROMs by the edges and
magnetic media (such as computer discs)
should not be placed near strong
magnetic fields. (Harvey, p. 99)

14. 4) Book Repair
▪ In-house book repair is libraries to keep non-
unique books in good condition for use,
▪ Some institutions use basic paper repair
techniques (e.g., mending, encapsulation, hinge
tigthening) for historical materials.

15. 5) Binding and rebinding
▪ When repair is no longer possible, a book may
be sent to a qualified binder for rebinding.
▪ Rebinding is probably an issue if you have
many books with damaged covers
(especially paperbacks) that you cannot
replace, either because new copies are not
available or because it is cheaper to rebind.
▪ If functionality and continued usage is main
objective, then rebinding is a good option.

16. Binding Process

17. Anexampleofatypicalbookinneedofrebinding.
Noticetheloosepagesjuttingoutfromthesides

18. 1)Theinitialtreatmentofthebookistocompletely
removetheoldcoverandbindingtoprepareittobe
reboundfromscratch

19. 2)Afterremovingthecover,theremainderofthebindingglue
isremoved.Thebookisnowreadyforsewingorfanbindingat
thediscretionofBinderystaff.

20. Abindingiscreatedfromtwobasic
components:acover(thecombined
frontcover,backcoverandspine)
andaboundcollectionofpages.
Fourdifferenttechniquescanbe
usedtorebindabook:flatback
sewing,oversewing,adhesive
binding,andlacing.
Onemethodispickedoveranother
baseduponitssuitabilityforthe
task;somethingthatvariesin
relationtothecharacteristicsofthe
bookpagesthataretobebound.
Theadhesivebinding(orfan
binding)techniqueisshown on

22. Anotherbindingmethodexample,thisoneusingthe
oversewingmachine.

23. 3)Oncebound,the
booksarereadyfor
trimming.
The3non-bindable
edgesaretrimmed
withthecutting
machine,givinga
cleannew
appearance

24. 4)Oncetrimmed,the
boundpaper
componentofthe
monographbindingis
complete.Readyfor
bookcover.

25. 4.1)Bookcoversaremadeof
threeessentialcomponents:
coverboards,aspinestrip,and
acovercloth.
Imageshowstheworkarea
wherethebasicmaterialsto
assemblethebookcoverare
collected.
Theislandshelvesacollection
ofprecutspineandcover
boards,whicharetrimmedto
sizeaccordingtothespecific
dimensionsoftheboundbook
theyaretocover.

26. 4.2) Once the spine and
cover boards have been
trimmed to size, final
measurements are done
to obtain the cloth size to
fit the book

27. 4.3)Asheetofbuckram,
thefabricusedtomake
thebookcover,iscutoff
therolllatertobe
retrimmedthe
dimensionofthebook

28. 5)Thenextstepisto
enterintothelettering
machinethetitleandcall
numberinformation.
Theletteringmachine,
shown,hotfoilstamps
theinformationontothe
cloth.

29. 6)Usingthecaseguage
shownabove,thespine
andcoverboardsare
preciselylinedup,
loweredandattachedto
theadhesive-coated
backsideofthecover
cloth.
Aftertheturningand
pressingofthecorners,
thebookcoveris
completed.

30. 7)Thetwobasiccomponentsofthe
newbinding,thebookcover
(clampedatthetop)andthebound
book(hangingatthebottom),are
finallybroughttogetherwiththis
machine.
Whilerisingupalongaverticaltrack
apairaglue-coatedrollerbarspinch
theboundpaper,coveringitwitha
layerofadhesive.
Continuingupward,thefreshlyglued
boundbookiscarriedalongthetrack
untilitisjoinedupwiththebook
coveratthetop.

31. 8)Oncecombined,thefinal
stepistopressthematerial
strengtheningthebondofthe
glueandcreatingacrease
alongthesidesofthespine.

32. 9)Theendresultofthebindingprocess.

33. ▪ -THE END -