This document discusses training methods using business games and equipment simulators. It describes how simulations can replicate real world processes and events to develop skills in a controlled environment. Equipment simulators physically replicate equipment, while business games simulate how industries and companies function. Both are effective for developing decision-making skills. The document outlines strengths like motivation and feedback, and weaknesses like costs. It provides examples of using simulations in various fields like business, law enforcement, medicine, and education.

1. TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT
TRAINING METHODS:
BUSINESS GAMES AND EQUIPMENT SIMULATORS
Prepared by Usama Najam

2. Overview
What are equipment simulators and business games and how
they are used effectively as training methods?
What are strengths and limitations and the cost involved in the
use of equipment simulators and business games?
What is the control of content of and process involved in
these training methods?
What is the learning process and training group characteristics
of these methods?
What are the applications of simulations and games?
A few examples of business games and equipment simulators.
At the end of the presentation you will be knowing the answer
of the following question:

3. Games and Simulations
Reproduce or stimulate processes, events and
circumstances that occur in the trainee’s job.
Skill Development
Controlled Environment

4. Equipment Simulators
• Physical fidelity
• Psychological fidelity
• Example
• Design of equipment
What are equipment stimulators
• Transfer of training
• Learning of job skills
How to use Equipment simulation effectively
The mechanical devices that require trainees to use the same
procedures, movements, and decision processes they would use with
the equipment back on the job.

5. Simulations that attempt to represent the way an industry,
company, or unit of company functions.
Inter and
intra business
games
Purposes of
business games
Business Games

6. Purposes of business games
Purposes
of business
Games
Develop skill
in using
quality tools
Improve
application
Explore
complex
problems
Demonstrate
principles
Strengthen
the upper
management
skill
Combine
separate
components
Leadership
skills

7. How to use business
games effectively
• Objectives
• Instructional
manuals
• Decision making
• Results
• Criteria

8. Example of business game

9. Strengths and Weaknesses of Business Games and
Simulations
Costs of using simulation and
business games
•Development Cost vary from
format to format
•Business games and simulation
are expensive
•Cost can be amortized across the
number of trainees

10. Benefits
Of The
Business
Games
It develops
leadership
skills
It improves
application of
total quality
principles
It develops
skills in using
quality tools
It strengthen
management
skills
It
demonstrates
principles and
concepts
It explores
and solves
complex
problem

11. Benefit of simulation
Highly motivated and involved students
Improved ability to connect learning to real-world situations
Freedom to experiment with new behaviors in a risk-free
environment
Opportunity for immediate feedback from decisions
Enhanced ability to teach teamwork and leadership

12. Real world example of simulation : fire
fighter truck driving

13. Cost of Business Games and Simulations
Things to consider when examining cost of a games or
simulation
The degree of
flexibility built into the
simulation or game.
The cost of making
mistaking mistakes
while in learning.

14. Strengths and Weaknesses of Business Games and
Simulations
Control of content and process
• Both the trainer and trainee influence
the content what is learned
• Focuses on particular content area
• Provide instruction and guidelines
that strongly influence the learning
process
• They are structured so that situation
occur in a predetermined order
• Enables the trainee to exercise grater
influence on what is learned and how
• Equipment simulation generally
provide the most structure.

15. Learning objective (KSAs)
Provide opportunities to
learn through concrete
experiences
Theory Application
“I hear and I forget. I see and I
remember. I do and I understand.”

16. Contd.
• Simulation and games generally require
some background knowledge and provide a
context in which this knowledge is applied.
• As in example of business games allows
trainees to apply their knowledge and see
the consequences.
• Allows trainees to practice their skills
• Provide feedback for the appropriateness of
the trainees

17. Skill Development
Equipment simulation
• Best at teaching people how to work with
equipment
Business Games
• Best for developing business decision
making skills and for solving complex
problem

18. Learning Process
Motivation Attention Retention
Behavioral
Reproduction
Strengths and Weaknesses of Business Games and
Simulations

19. Strengths and Weaknesses of Business Games and
Simulations
Attention
Active
Participation
Competition
with
themselves
and others
Gimmicks:
attention or
distraction?
Modules to
identify
training
outcomes
Credibility

20. Strengths and Weaknesses of Business Games and
Simulations
Retention
Developing
Skills and
using existing
knowledge
Cognitive
Organization
Symbolic
Rehearsal

21. Strengths and Weaknesses of Business Games and
Simulations
Behavioral
Reproduction
Repeated
Practice:
learning by
doing
approach
Imitation of
real
situations
Immediate
Feedback

22. Strengths and Weaknesses of Business Games and
Simulations
One person at a
time
Prerequisite
Knowledge
Small group
Differences among
training group
Training Group
Characteristics

23. Real World Applications of
Simulations and Business Games
Business
Law Enforcement
Military
Medical
Education

24. Real World Applications: Business
Practical strategy building and
investment opportunities,
without the expense or risk of
losing capital
The economic processes and
customer relations can both be
practiced
Knowledge about the global
regulations related to business

25. Real World Applications: Law
Enforcement
Law enforcement simulations range from
interpersonal skills to usage of different
weapons.
These simulations provide many quick
scenarios on which a variety of trainings
can be prepared.
Enable law enforcement trainees to react
quickly and effectively because these
trainees develop automatic responses to a
number of scenarios, which they get
exposed to in the simulations.

26. Real World Applications: Military
From basic training to active duty, the soldier is
immersed in both simulated and reality
environments.
Military simulations seek to bridge the gap between
the classroom instruction and the actual experience
Simulations can never fully emulate the real
world situation.
Even with its limitations, simulations have proven
to be an integral and valuable component to
every form of training the military uses today.

27. Real World Applications: Medical
Mainly these simulations are based on giving
training about medical procedures but some
simulations are also there for team building
and interpersonal skills.
Research studies have found out that the use
of simulations has been effective in bringing
improvements to various areas of medicine
such as surgery and procedural skills.
Simulations allow medical practitioners to
apply theory to practice and achieve
proficiency in a variety of situations.

28. Real World Applications: Education
Allow students the opportunity
to gain real world experience
while in the classroom
Educational leaders also benefit
from the use of simulations
which allow leadership and team
building skills to be cultivated in
a variety of socio-economic
environments.

29. Real World Applications: Aircraft
Simulation Video

30. Conclusion
Classroom instruction will never be able to fill the
knowledge gap between education and reality.
The cognitive realism is achieved by trainees
through complex and engaging tasks in
simulations.
The exposure and completion of the tasks by
simulation develop the necessary knowledge and
skills, which are transferable to the real world.

31. Thank you