The document provides an overview of the historical background of Philippine democratic politics from pre-history through the contemporary period. It outlines key periods such as the pre-colonial era with indigenous kingdoms and sultanates, Spanish colonial rule from the 16th to 19th centuries, American colonial rule after the 1898 Philippine-American War, Japanese occupation during World War 2, independence in 1946, the Marcos dictatorship from 1965-1986 overcome by the People Power Movement, and subsequent administrations to the present. Objectives are to relate the evolution of Philippine politics and governance through different historical stages and assess the effects of colonialism on the country's system of government.

11. LET’S CHECK IT!

21. PRE-HISTORY CONTEMPORARY PERIOD
COLONIAL PERIOD

22. HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF PHILIPPINE
DEMOCRATIC POLITICS
- QUEENAH C. JAMANDRON, RSW

23. OBJECTIVES
AT THE END OF THE SESSION, THE LEARNERS WILL BE ABLE TO:
•RELATE THE EVOLUTION OF PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND
GOVERNANCE
•DESCRIBE THE DIFFERENT STAGES IN THE EVOLUTION OF
THE PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE
•ANALYZE THE EVOLUTION OF PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND
GOVERNANCE
•ASSESS THE EFFECTS OF THE COLONIAL EXPERIENCE ON
PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE

24. WHAT IS YOUR COMMON UNDERSTANDING ABOUT “HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE
PHILIPPINE DEMOCRATIC POLITICS” ?
MAKE AN ACROSTIC ON:
• GROUP 1-HISTORY;
• GROUP 2-PHILIPPINE;
• GROUP 3-DEMOCRATIC POLITICS”.
(15 MINUTES)

25. LET’S DO THIS!
•MAKE A TIMELINEOF THE “HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF PHILIPPINE DEMOCRATIC
POLITICS” USING THEIR PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE. A GROUP PRESENTATION AFTER.
(20 MINUTES)

26. 4,000-
1000 AD
900 AD -
1535
1565-1898 1898-1946 1946-1965 1965-1986
1856 -
present
Pre-History
Pre-colonial
period
Spanish
settlement
and
rule
American
rule
Postcolonial
Philippines
and
the
Third
Republic
Marcos
era
and
martial
law
Fifth
Republic
arrival of the
first humans
using rafts or
primitive
boats at least
67,000 years
ago
Philippine
archipelago
had its own
rulers and
kingdoms,
which were
Malayan,
Sinified,
Indianized or
Islamic
1. Early Spanish
expeditions
and conquests
2. Spanish
settlement
during the
16th and 17th-
19th centuries
3. British invasion
(1762–1764)
rule
4. Philippine
Revolution
1. Philippine–
American
War
2. Insular
Government
(1901–1935)
3. Commonwe
alth
4. World War II
and
Japanese
occupation
Administration of:
a. Manuel Roxas
(1946–1948)
b. Elpidio Quirino
(1948–1953)
c. Ramon
Magsaysay
(1953–1957)
d. Carlos P. Garcia
(1957–1961)
e. Diosdado
Macapagal
(1961–1965)
•
Martial
law
•
Fourth
Republic
(martial
law)
Administration of
• Corazon C.
Aquino (86–92)
• Fidel V. Ramos
(92–98)
• Joseph E.
Estrada (98–01)
• Gloria M. Arroyo
(01–10)
• Benigno Aquino
III

28. 1898 - 1901
Philippine-American War
Following the liberation of the Philippines from Spain in 1898,
nationalists proclaim an independent republic. The United
States refuses to recognize the new government. United
States forces fight the nationalists and capture their leader,
Emilio Aguinaldo, in 1901. Future United States president
William Howard Taft becomes the first governor of the new
U.S. territory.
Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

29. •THE PHILIPPINE ORGANIC ACT WAS THE BASIC LAW FOR THE INSULAR
GOVERNMENT, SO CALLED BECAUSE CIVIL ADMINISTRATION WAS
UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF THE U.S. BUREAU OF INSULAR AFFAIRS.
THIS GOVERNMENT SAW ITS MISSION AS ONE OF TUTELAGE,
PREPARING THE PHILIPPINES FOR EVENTUAL INDEPENDENCE.ON JULY
4, 1902 THE OFFICE OF MILITARY GOVERNOR WAS ABOLISHED AND
FULL EXECUTIVE POWER PASSED FROM ADNA CHAFFEE, THE LAST
MILITARY GOVERNOR, TO TAFT, WHO BECAME THE FIRST U.S.
GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF THE PHILIPPINES.

30. Ruins of Barracks, Corregidor
The Topside Barracks, military quarters used during World War II (1939-1945), lie in ruins on
Corregidor, a northern island of the Philippines. The scene of bitter fighting, the island is now a
national shrine containing the white dome of the Pacific War Memorial (background).

31. Following decades of rule by the United States and occupation by Japan during much of World War II (1939-1945), the
Republic of the Philippines received its independence on July 4, 1946, when the United States turned over control of the
government to the popularly elected president, Manuel Roxas. The new republic retained strong economic and political
ties to the United States.
Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

32. People Power Movement in the Philippines
In the Philippine capital of Manila, hundreds of thousands of people staged a massive four-day uprising against the
dictatorial regime of President Ferdinand Marcos in February 1986. Some protesters, including those shown here,
surrounded the barbed-wire fence erected to protect the Presidential Palace. Troops loyal to Marcos refused to fire on the
human barricades of protesters, and the People Power Movement triumphed with the removal of Marcos.

33. Corazon Aquino immediately formed a
revolutionary government to normalize the
situation, and provided for a transitional
"Freedom Constitution".[174] A new
permanent constitution was ratified and
enacted in February 1987.
In October 1995, the government
signed an agreement bringing the
military insurgency to an end. On his
Presidency the death penalty was
revived in the light of the Rape-slay
case of Eileen Sarmienta and Allan
Gomez in 1993 and the first person to
be executed was Leo Echegaray in
1999.
Like his predecessor there
was a similar attempt to
change the 1987
constitution. The process
is termed as CONCORD or
Constitutional Correction
for Development.

34. Arroyo unsuccessfully attempted
TP PUSH for an overhaul of the
constitution to transform the
present presidential-bicameral
republic into a federal
parliamentary-unicameral form of
government, which critics
describe would be a move that
would allow her to stay in power
as Prime Minister
His administration claimed to
be focused on major reforms
that would bring greater
transparency, reduced
poverty, reduced corruption,
and a booming market which
will give birth to a newly
industrialized nation.
Incumbent President

35. o 2.2 The Kingdom of Tondo
o 2.3 The Huangdom of Pangasinan
o 2.4 The Huangdom of Mai
o 2.5 The Kedatuan of Madja-as
o 2.6 The Rajahnate of Cebu
o 2.7 The Rajahnate of Butuan
o 2.8 The Sultanate of Lanao
o 2.9 The Sultanate of Sulu
o 2.10 The Sultanate of Maguindanao
o 2.11 The Bruneian Empire and the expansion of Islam

36. o 3.1 Early Spanish expeditions and conquests
o 3.2 Spanish settlement during the 16th and 17th centuries
o 3.3 Spanish rule during the 18th century
 3.3.1 British invasion (1762–1764)
 3.3.2 Spanish rule in the second part of the 18th century
o 3.4 Spanish rule during the 19th century
o 3.5 Philippine Revolution