The document provides an overview of tidal energy generation, highlighting its technologies, benefits, and challenges. It explains how tidal energy is harnessed through the movement of water caused by tidal cycles, utilizing both tidal range and tidal stream methods. Additionally, it discusses the environmental and economic impacts, alongside the need for technological advancements to capitalize on tidal energy's potential as a renewable energy source.

1. Sanjivani Rural Education Society’s
Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon-423 603
(An Autonomous Institute, Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune)
NAAC ‘A’ Grade Accredited, ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Department of Electrical Engineering
Tidal Energy Generation: Technologies and
Potential
Roll No. Name PRN No.
45 Palande Saish Pramod UEE22M1047
46 Pangavhane Kunal Pradip UEE22M1048
47 Patole Renuka Arun UEE22F1050
48 Pawar Sai Dilip UEE22M1051
Guided By -
Name – Prof. P.S. Chobe
Designation – Asst. Professor
Course – RES (EE305A)
Presented By – Group No: 08
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, Sanjivani COE, Kopargaon
Self Learning Activity

2. Introduction to Tidal Energy Generation: Technologies and Potential
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• Tidal energy is a form of renewable energy harnessed from the natural rise and fall of ocean
tides caused by the gravitational interaction between the Earth, Moon, and Sun.
• Unlike solar or wind energy, tidal energy is highly predictable and reliable, making it a
promising source of clean energy. With growing concerns over climate change and the
depletion of fossil fuels, tidal energy offers a sustainable alternative.
• This report explores the current technologies used in tidal energy generation and the
potential for its expansion globally.
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, Sanjivani COE, Kopargaon

3. Tidal energy generation works by capturing the kinetic and potential energy of ocean water during tidal cycles. As the
tide rises and falls, the movement of water is directed to drive turbines, which convert the mechanical energy into
electricity. The basic steps involved are:
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Basic Working Principle
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, Sanjivani COE, Kopargaon
1. High and Low Tides: The gravitational forces between the
Earth, Moon, and Sun cause periodic rise (high tide) and
fall (low tide) of sea levels.
2. Turbine Movement: The flow of water during these tidal
changes drives underwater turbines.
3. Energy Conversion: The turbines convert the mechanical
energy of the water into electricity, which is then
transmitted to the grid.

4. There are two primary technologies used to generate tidal energy:
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Types of Tidal Energy Generation
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, Sanjivani COE, Kopargaon
1. Tidal Range Energy:-
• Tidal Barrages: These are dam-like structures built across estuaries or
bays. When the tide rises, water is trapped behind the barrage and then
released through turbines during low tide. This process generates
power by exploiting the difference in water levels (tidal range)
between high and low tides.
• Tidal Lagoons: These are enclosed structures built in coastal areas.
Water is allowed to flow into the lagoon during high tide and is
released during low tide, driving turbines. This method is less
environmentally disruptive compared to barrages.

5. Types of Tidal Energy Generation
2. Tidal Stream Energy:-
• Tidal Stream Turbines: These devices are placed underwater, where the natural tidal currents drive the
turbine blades to generate electricity. These turbines function much like wind turbines but are driven by the
movement of water rather than air.
• Oscillating Hydrofoils and Venturi Systems: Other advanced designs that convert tidal currents into
electricity using varying methods of channeling or oscillating water flow.
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DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, Sanjivani COE, Kopargaon

6. Benefits of Tidal Energy
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DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, Sanjivani COE, Kopargaon
1. Predictability: Tidal energy is predictable and consistent, unlike solar and wind power, which
are weather-dependent.
2. Renewable: It harnesses the natural and recurring tidal movements, offering a sustainable
energy source.
3. Low Operational Costs: Once installed, tidal energy systems require relatively low
maintenance and operational expenses.
4. Longevity: Tidal infrastructure, such as barrages and turbines, tends to have long operational
lifespans, ensuring stable long-term energy production.

7. Environmental and Economic Impact
• Environmental Impact:-
1) Marine Ecosystems: The construction of tidal barrages can disrupt marine ecosystems, affecting the
movement of fish and other aquatic species. It can also alter water flow and sediment deposition, impacting
local biodiversity.
2) Greenhouse Gas Reduction: Tidal energy helps reduce reliance on fossil fuels, contributing to lower
carbon emissions and aiding in the fight against climate change.
3) Noise and Turbine Effects: Tidal stream turbines may pose risks to marine life through noise pollution
and the possibility of marine creatures coming into contact with turbine blades.
• Economic Impact:-
1) High Initial Costs: Building tidal energy systems, especially large-scale barrages and lagoons, involves
significant upfront investment. However, these costs are offset over time by the low operating expenses.
2) Job Creation: The construction, operation, and maintenance of tidal power projects create job
opportunities in coastal regions.
3) Energy Security: Tidal energy can contribute to national energy security by diversifying energy sources
and reducing reliance on imported fuels.
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8. Challenges in Tidal Energy Generation
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DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, Sanjivani COE, Kopargaon
1. High Capital Costs: Building tidal barrages, lagoons, and turbine systems requires significant
investment, limiting their adoption in many regions.
2. Environmental Concerns: There are ongoing concerns about the potential disruption of coastal and
marine ecosystems due to the installation of large tidal infrastructure.
3. Location-Specific: Tidal energy is highly location-dependent, requiring specific coastal conditions like
high tidal ranges and strong currents. Only certain areas of the world are suitable for its efficient
generation.
4. Technological Development: Tidal energy technology is still evolving. While significant advancements
have been made, the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of tidal energy systems require further improvement.

9. 9
Conclusion
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, Sanjivani COE, Kopargaon
• Tidal energy is a promising renewable energy source with considerable potential due to its
predictability and sustainability. While current technologies show promise, the challenges of high
costs, environmental impact, and location limitations must be addressed.
• As technology improves and becomes more economically viable, tidal energy could play a significant
role in the global transition to clean and sustainable energy solutions. Continued investment, research,
and innovation are necessary to realize the full potential of tidal energy generation.

10. References
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DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, Sanjivani COE, Kopargaon
1) Blunden, L. S., & Bahaj, A. S. (2007). "Tidal energy resource assessment for tidal stream generators." IET
Renewable Power Generation, 2(4), 241-249. DOI: 10.1049/iet-rpg:20070004
2) Baker, A. C. (1991). "Tidal Power." IEEE Proceedings A - Physical Science, Measurement and
Instrumentation, Management and Education, Reviews, 138(5), 391-405. DOI: 10.1049/ip-a-3.1991.0058
3) Mofor, L., Goldsmith, J., & Jones, F. (2014). "Ocean Energy: Technology Readiness, Patents, Deployment
Status, and Policy Recommendations." IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, DOI:
10.1109/EMBC.2014.6943951
4) Coles, D., Blunden, L., Bahaj, A. S., & Batten, W. M. (2017). "An experimental investigation into tidal stream
turbine wake recovery performance in the presence of waves." IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, 42(1),
52-61. DOI: 10.1109/JOE.2016.2578605
5) Lewis, M., Neill, S., Robins, P., & Hashemi, M. (2015). "Resource assessment for future generations of tidal-
stream energy arrays." Energy, 83, 403-415. DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2015.02.038

11. DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, Sanjivani COE, Kopargaon 11
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