This document discusses the increasing prevalence of technology use among students and argues that schools should embrace students bringing their own technology, such as cell phones, into the classroom. It notes that most students now own cell phones and other mobile devices, which they use frequently outside of school for communication, research, social networking, and games. However, schools have been slow to incorporate these tools into learning. The document outlines several benefits of allowing student technology, including improved access, skills that employers desire, and alignment with how digital natives prefer to learn. It also addresses common concerns around distraction, cheating, and privacy, arguing that current banning policies are not effective and students need education on appropriate usage.

1. From an Industrial Worker to a Digital Learner: Time for Students to Bring Their Own Technology into SchoolsLiz Kolb, Ph.D.University of Michiganelikeren@umich.eduhttp://cellphonesinlearning.comhttp://tiny.cc/kolbliz (presentation)Twitter: lkolbLiz’s Mobile Business CardSend a new text: 50500In message: kolb http://contxts.com

2. When was the last time you…Used a payphone?Met an adult (18-50) that did not have an email account?Adjusted the tracking on your VCR?Used a typewriter to fill out a job application?Sent film out to be developed?Used a walkman?Went to the library to do research?Got up to change the channel?

3. http://www.polleverywhere.com/multiple_choice_polls/LTIwNTc4NDE0NzI

4. Classroom Technology requested by new teachers

5. % of New Teachers who would like technology in their hands of the students

6. New Teachers List The Technologies They Use EVERYDAY outside of teachingEveryday UseClassroom Wish ListTV-DVD-DVRInternetOnline CoursesWeb BloggingCell PhonesFacebook or MySpaceWikipediaVideo Games (Wii and Computer-Based)iPod/MP3 PlayersGPS DevicesGoogle, Google Earth, Google MapsTwitterTV-DVD-DVRInternetLCD ProjectorChalkboard/Dry ErasePowerPointTeacher LaptopWordExcelTape/CD PlayerOverhead ProjectorEducational SoftwareSMARTboardTelephone

7. Why haven’t we seen long-term education technology change that reflects technology changes in society?In 1986 & 2001, Larry Cuban Found:Technology traditionally infused from “Top-Down” Teachers teach how they were taughtCuban, L. (1986). Teachers and machines: The classroom use of technology since 1920. New York: Teachers College Press.

8. Teachers Say Technology in Their school is introduced by…

9. BYOT: Bring Your Own technologyWhat is inYour Backpack?

13. "Kids tell us they power down to come to school.”-Julie Evans, CEO of Project Tomorrow (2008)

14. Speak up 2010 Report 100,000+ studentsFor the first time since 2003, when asked to identify the major obstacle to prevent use of technology in school, students in grades 6–12 said “I cannot use my own cell phone, smart phone or Mp3 player in school.”

15. Government Says: use them!http://tinyurl.com/yzvr944

16. Arguments for Using Students’ Everyday Tools

17. Access76% of secondary students have their own cell phones30% have Smartphone's54% of 8 year olds will have their own cell phone (end of 2010)! 1 in 3 teens sends more than 100 text messages a day85% of secondary students have MP3 players84% of children between the ages of 8 to 10 have a video game player in their household93% of teenagers use the Internet70% have their own laptop or netbook55% of 12-17 year olds have a profile on Facebook or Myspace

18. Millennials Rising (Neil Howe and William Strauss)How 21st Century Students learn best…Digital Age LearnerCollaboratively Anytime, anyplace, anywhere, any paceStructured activitiesRelevancy with real world*They want to do this with the TECHNOLOGY of their generation

19. For Example…1-800-2chachaSend text Query to 36266

20. Fundamental Shift in 21st Century WorkforceTechnological changes are displacing low-skilled workers and making room for more high-skilled creative and innovative workers. Employers are calling for schools to integrate new skills into education

21. 12%

22. Mobile Job Opportunities for Students

23. Search for “cell phone skills” on Monster.com

24. Search for “Social Media” Job Skills

25. Search for “video game” skills

26. Fundamental Shift in Citizenship Practices74% of all 18-24 year olds were politically active on the Internet during the 2008 campaignDuring the 2008 campaign, 49% of younger voters (18-24) shared information via text message about the campaigns. http://www.visiblevote.us

27. Research on cell phones in learning says…"The proportions of textisms that kids used in their sentence translations was positively linked to verbal reasoning; the more textspeak kids used, the higher their test scores”2) "The younger the age at which the kids had received mobile phones, the better their ability to read words and identify patterns of sound in speech.”

28. Research on Video Games in learning says…Games teach skills that employers want: analytical thinking, team building, multitasking and problem-solving under duress. Unlike humans, the games never lose patience. Simulation and adventure games - such as Sim City and RollerCoaster Tycoon, where players create societies or build theme parks, developed children's strategic thinking and planning skills. Doctors who spent at least three hours a week playing video games made about 37% fewer mistakes in laparoscopic surgery and performed the task 27% faster than their counterparts who did not play video games. At-Risk students have shown to benefit from building their own video games

29. Study Findings: CivicsCivilization IV & DemocracyMore civic gaming experience=more civic engagement

30. Teen Gaming is Social76% play games with others at least some of the time65% play with other people in the room with them27% play with others via the Internet49% play with people they know offline27% play with friends they have met online23% play with both offline friends and online friends

31. Why Are We Reluctant?The elephant in the room

32. Cheating is a problem…26% of teenagers admitted to using their cell phone to store information to look at during a test or a quiz.

33. 25% have text messaged their friends about answers during a test or quiz.

34. 20% have searched the Internet via their mobile phone during a test or quiz.

35. 17% have taken pictures of a test or quiz with the cell phone in order to send the pictures to their friends.Common Sense Media 09

36. Even MORE of a problemMost students do not envision these activities as cheating. More than half of the students surveyed did not think these acts were serious offenses of cheating, rather they think of it as just “helping out a friend.” Common Sense Media 09

37. 70% of U.S. schools completely ban cell phones from campus 63% of students admitted to sneaking in cell phones and using them during class anyway. In a seven class a day, five day school week, the average student sends at least three text messages per class. Common Sense Media 09

38. Life ConsequencesStudents are sometimes “sexting” to friends for their entertainment value, as a joke or for fun."Six teens face child porn (13 to 15) charges after being caught "sexting" each other. Criminal Charge!IN PA, 3 girls (12, 12, 16) charged with child pornography for sexing. Picture of them in bras.15% of teenagers have risqué photos of themselves or their friends on their cell phones.1 in 5 sext recipients report that they have passed the images along to someone else http://www.cnn.com/video/#/video/bestoftv/2009/01/15/pn.sexting.teens.cnn

39. "If you take a picture, you can be accused of producing child pornography; if you send it to somebody, you can be accused of distributing child pornography; and if you keep a picture, you can be accused of possessing child pornography. Anywhere along this chain of transmission of the images, you can be charged as a registered sex offender." -Parry Aftab, an Internet privacy and security lawyer.

40. One in three (34%) texting teens ages 16-17 say they have texted while driving.

41. Social Network Bullying33% of youth have been victimized by online bullying

42. Underage On Facebook750,000 kids between the ages of 8 and 12 have set up a profile on the big social-networking siteshttp://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/technology/article709704.ece

43. Student’s Lack of concern over privacy and permanent recordResearch shows that issues of privacy and safety are not at the forefront of younger users' minds. 41% of children aged 8 to 17 who had a visible profile had them set so they were open and accessible to anyone. (Office of Communications in GB)Younger adults and children are much more likely to share sensitive informationAfter weeks of butting heads with his coaches, Taylor, 17, logged on to Facebook from home Jan. 3. He typed his frustrations for the online world to see: "I'ma kill em all. I'ma bust this (expletive) up from the inside like nobody's ever done before.”(USA Today, Jan 2010)Taylor's profile was public, so there were no restrictions on who could view it.

44. Parents need education too!Taylor’s family argued that students and parents aren't properly educated or warned that what they write online can have consequences in the classroom.

45. Facebook: Lower Grades?2009 Ohio State Study found:Typically, Facebook users in the study had GPAs between 3.0 and 3.5, while non-users had GPAs between 3.5 and 4.0.Users said they averaged one to five hours a week studying, while non-users studied 11 to 15 hours per week.

46. Teens Encounter both pro-social & anti-social behavior while gaming78% report they frequently see other players being kind or helpful to those who are gaming63% report seeing or hearing “people being mean or overly aggressive while playing”49% report seeing or hearing “people being hateful, racist, or sexist” while playing

47. Current Banning Structures are NOT workingStudents still “cheating”, “Off-task”, or “inappropriately” using cell phones in schoolsStudents still bring them to schools and use them when told not to.Students still do not understand consequences of their social media useStudents have no idea how to use mobile phones or social media in future job force!

48. Case Study: School Change with student Cell phones

49. 2007: Middle School Principal’s Journey“Last year the school ran out of calculators needed for a math exam, So I let a student use the calculator function on his cell phone. The student was excitedto use a phone instead of a calculator. I found 19 of my 22 students had phones.”-Kipp Rogers, Principal at Passages Middle School in Virginia

50. Mary Passage Middle School Cell Phone Policy 1. Students will talk on their cell phone only to complete assignments that are related to the instructional lesson.2. Students will keep cell phones turned off or left in lockers when they are not being used for instructional purposes in class.3. Students will only send text- messages, pictures or video- messages to others outside of the classroom with permission and directions from the teacher.4. Students will not record still or moving images or voices of students or the teacher without permission from the teacher.5. Students will not post recordings of still or moving images or voice recordings of students or the teacher to online websites without their permission.6. Students will practice internet safety with online resources.7. Students will post only appropriate text, audio and visual media to on-line websites. I _____________________ understand that violation of our class acceptable cell phone use policy may result in my not being able to participate in additional class activities that involve using the cell phone. I also understand that I may receive disciplinary consequences for violating school board policies regarding cyber-bullying. I _______________________ have gone over the Cell Phones in Class Acceptable Use Policy with my child and agree to allow my child to participate.

51. Passages Middle School Cell Phone Bookhttp://passage.nn.k12.va.us

52. Case Study: Teacher Change

53. Katie Titlerhttp://www.cellphonesinlearning.com/2010/04/spanish-teacher-in-wi-shares-how-she.html

54. Avatar Project: Spanish Oral ExamsHigh School Spanish 2 & 3 StudentsDeveloped an Avatar to take oral examsUsed http://voki.comFocus: Engagement in oral speaking, oral speaking exams, culture representation with images

56. 5 Rules for Cell Phones in SchoolsSet rules based on business regulations for cell phone use (look at business contracts)Social contract with studentsMust be on vibrate at all times

57. Keep them in the front of the room until you are going to use them.

58. All messages/media sent or published must be related to lesson.

59. If you are referencing someone else in class, you must have their approval before posting or publishing.

60. Create a permission form (in addition to the School’s AUP)EXAMPLE: Mobile Podcasting Project: Field TripsHigh School Chemistry Students on a field trip at Cranbrook Science Museum in MI. Cell Phones pictures documented chemical elements.Used: Camera on cell phone and sent to drop.io at http://drop.io/CKCHEM4

61. Example Mobile Podcasting Project: Summer ActivityCommunity GroupCareers with CrittersMiddle School ChildrenInterviews of observations and daily experiencehttp://careerswithcritters.blogspot.com/

62. CPS Project: Brainstorminghttp://wiffiti.com

64. Text Message Alerts!Sending out mass text messages to large or small groups of people. http://textmarks.comhttp://txtblaster.com

65. Summer Text ProgramNorwich Free Academy (Connecticut)Text of the week!Monday is vocabulary dayTuesday is science factsWednesday is mathematicsThursday is history Friday covers a variety of topics including general knowledge and cultural literacy Each day is a themeParents and Students Opt in

66. Text Message Project: Text Homework AlertsJimbo LambHigh School Math TeacherPennsylvaniaText for HomeworkUses: http://textmarks.comhttp://mrlambmath.wikispaces.com/

67. Mobile Novel Project: Cell Phone BestsellerPopular in Asia to Read Novels Via Cell.http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/20/world/asia/20japan.html?_r=2&pagewanted=1&th&emc=th&oref=slogin

68. Use a cell phone to write a private or collaborative novel, poem, chapter review, or short story to “publish” on a cell phone.Mobile Novelshttp://textnovel.com

69. Web 2.0 VoicemailA cell phone that couples with a website in order to create MP3 files of voicemails, transcripts of voicemails, smart greeting for individual or groups of callers, and stores all calling information.http://google.com/voice(734) 408-4495

70. Elementary Spanish3rd-6th graders use Google Voice to call in oral language assignmentshttp://elementaryspanish.wikispaces.com/Google+Voice

71. Create Your Own Mobile Scavenger Hunthttp://www.scvngr.com

72. SCVNGR ExampleHigh SchoolHistory ClassScavenger Hunt on Constitutionhttp://vimeo.com/9348372

73. SCVNGR ExampleHigh SchoolEnglish ClassScavenger Hunt on Shakespeare“One of the challenges that they had to do read “Stand up as a group and, with your right arm in the air, repeat the Shakespeare’s motto in Latin. It was a kick to watch them do this. Honestly I was surprised that not a single student refused to do the challenges.”

74. QRcodesBar codes for cell phones. Take a picture of a bar code and receive information on your phone.Need to download a free reader on your phonehttp://kaywa.comhttp://www.i-nigma.com/CreateBarcodes.htmlhttp://zxing.appspot.com/generator/

75. http://mrrobbo.wordpress.com/

76. OrganizationSend text, audio, or email to mass groups at one time.Schedule messagesGet Feedbackhttp://www.sendgm.com/

77. What about Facebook?

78. Facebook FanPages in Social Studieshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vj-XCUIbbcE

79. Facebook FanPages in Social StudiesStudent’s Reactionhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mRf3AcX0PB8&feature=related

80. Examples of Use11th Grade EnglishFacebookEveryday Life Connects with Classroom Concepts

81. Authors on Facebook

82. Activism/Fundraising

83. Applications on FB for LearningPollingConnect with Native Speakers in Languages or Language Exchange with Other FL StudentsManage Books that students readCreate Flash CardsCitation helpOrganize class work or Study group OrganizationLearn about Middle Ages with KnighthoodMath challengeConduct online coursesHomework Help GroupCalendarsRecord Class Lectures and Post to FBMake a Quiz

84. Getting Started: Hints and tipsSet up a special class Facebook Group (separate from your personal space), Fan Pages are also a good optionLet them know how having a positive FB profile can help them in the future (digital footprints)Tell students that you are required by law to report them.Ask them to clean up profilesTake down inappropriate picts or videos or postsFocus on positive posts and images (ie church groups, volunteer activities, after school jobs)Profile pict should be clean (okay for Grandma to see)Avoid “friends” they don’t know in personAsk friends to de-tag them in inappropriate picturesAsk students to “Friend” your profileYou can also have students set up a separate account (Fan Pages) just for class

85. What about Video Games?

86. Guitar HeroVirtual Battle of the BandsCollaboration Projecthttp://olliebray.typepad.com/olliebraycom/2008/06/mgs-guitar-hero.html

87. 2009: the Sacred Heart Senior National School in Ireland decided to use Nintendo DS gaming devices as and aid to teaching math.3 classes spent 15 minutes a day using two games, Math Training and Brain Training. In 6th grade, relative to their peers, the Nintendo group scored substantially better. Gains were “obvious and significant”.In 5th grade, the average gain in the experimental group was 6 percentile points higher than in the control group.In 4th grade, almost every pupil in the Nintendo group improved their score in comparison with last year – the average increase was more than 10 percentile points.The children who made the greatest gains were those who had been using the game both in school and at home.

88. Wii in physics class"Project Surf.” Use: Wii Homerun Derby (from Wii Sports)First, a video clip from "Science of Summer" is shown in which we discuss the force of a pitch as it hits the catcher's glove. The Wii is used to have students try to hit pitches (using homerun derby game)The purpose is to show just how fast pitches come in and how a batter's timing needs to be perfect. Students take data in the excel-to-go program on our palm pilots. Students record the time of each pitch and then deduce how to find the velocity, acceleration, force, momentum, and work of the pitch. The unit culminates in May when they attend an Atlantic City Surf game. Students time pitches and enter data in the palm pilots for a pitch-by-pitch analysis of a few innings of the game.

89. Scratch: Build your own video gameshttp://scratch.mit.edu/

90. What about Twitter?

91. Twitter in 2nd gradehttp://www.wcsh6.com/news/local/story.aspx?storyid=101781

92. Twitter in Higher Edhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6WPVWDkF7U8

93. More Examples of TWITTER in EducationTwitter Stories by Elementary Studentshttp://twitter.com/manyvoicesHigh School English Teacher’s Office Hourshttp://twitter.com/MrWilsonBDHSSocial Studies: Follow members of Congresshttps://valtsvirtual.wikispaces.com/American+GovernmentEnglish Twitter Assignment: http://classblogmeister.com/blog.php?blogger_id=22572Gater Radio on Twitter: http://gatorradio.blogspot.com/

94. Social Networking/Cell Phones/and Video GamesDigital Footprints

95. Discuss Mobile Safety & Appropriate UsePart of digital footprintYour digital dossier that includes Internet activity such as social networking, email, chat rooms, YOU can’t erase this!!! Permanent recordEVERYTHING you send via text message (pictures, videos, text, audio…etc) is PUBLIC!!!Example: Detroit Mayor Kwame KilpatrickMobile “bullying” and “sexting” is publicMTV Special on Sextingand QuizStudents should know their plansBring in their cell phone plan and a billDiscuss what is charged and how muchGive Students a SurveyLearn more specific safety tips at Connectsafely

96. Movie: Digital Dossierhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=79IYZVYIVLA

97. In Cyberspace…Don’t assume anything you send or post is going to remain private. There is no changing your mind in cyberspace—anything you send or post will never truly go away. Don’t give in to the pressure to do something that makes you uncomfortable, even in cyberspace. Consider the recipient’s reaction. Nothing is truly anonymous.

98. Your Media is NEVER deleted!Cambridge researchers posted pictures to sixteen websites, noting the direct URL to the image, and then deleted the original. They reopened the URLs over a period of 1 year to see whether the pictures were accessible and found that images were still visible on five sites at the end of that month. This is possible because the files remain in photo server caches of the underlying content delivery network (CDN) after they have been cleared from indices that provide data for dynamic pages (such as profiles) and search results. The terms of service for these sites indicate that deletion may not be immediate, with Facebook likening the process to putting a file in the Recycle Bin.http://emergingtechnologies.becta.org.uk/index.php?section=etn&rid=14632

99. Way Back MachineSocial networks have been used to post content to embarrass or intimidate students, so it is important for learners to understand that the consequences of such actions may last even longer than they expected. Not only may content remain in caches and backups, but it can be copied to third party sites or be captured in archives without your knowledge or permission, such as the Wayback Machine.

103. 53% of Employers Screen job candidates via Social Networks

104. Of those hiring managers who have screened job candidates via social networking profiles, one-third (34%) reported they found content that caused them to dismiss the candidate from consideration.

105. Specific Reasons for NOT hiring based on Digital Footprint found40% - candidate posted provocative or inappropriate photographs or information29% - candidate had poor communication skills28% - candidate bad-mouthed their previous company or fellow employee22% - candidate’s screen name was unprofessional

106. The POSTIVE side of Digital Footprints!On the other hand, social networking profiles gave some job seekers an edge over the competition. 24% of hiring managers who researched job candidates via social networking sites said they found content that helped to solidify their decision to hire the candidate.

107. Check the Fine PRINT: Who Owns your work online?YouTube