Three kinds of macromolecules are present in cell membranes. What are they? What larger structures do they make? What are the essential aspects of these structures that dictate their function? Solution Three kinds of macromolecules are present in cell membranes: Lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates These three macromolecules together to form a complex phospholipid bilayer in which periplasmic proteins are distributed in a mosaic manner. The large fluid mosaic structure is formed from these macromolecules composed of phospholipid bilayers with protein channels for the transport of organic & inorganic nutrients including trace metal. Normally, the essential aspects of these structures composed of \"porins, protein channels, integral proteins” that dictate their function for the selective permeability, diffusion of nutrients across the membrane into & out of the cell finally to attain homeostasis For instance, fluid mosaic model describes that two-dimensional liquid layer of cell membrane where proteins distributed like mosaic model in the phospholipid bilayer. This model mostly accepted by biologists Role of the protein molecules in this model cell membrane layers are membrane extracellular protein domains in connection to the lipid bilayer membrane. Membrane phospholipids are the molecules with hydrophillic polar heads towards the solvent such as water whereas hydrophobic tail located towards the center of the layer and this bilayer formed by micelles, as fatty acids possess one polar associated with another nonpolar head. Cell membrane possesses a property known as selective permeability. Cell membrane consists of phopholipid bilayer that also include several of the transmembrane proteins, ion channels etc. Small, non- polar molecules with hydrophobic nature diffuse more easily into the cell membrane. Similarly, proteins interact and assemble themselves to form several layers of structures in our body. Small particles are such as oxygen and CO2, urea can cross the lipid bilayer easily through diffusion compared to glucose (channel mediated-sodium dependent transport into the cell), amino acids (channel mediated) and various ions etc. Atoms.

1. Three kinds of macromolecules are present in cell membranes. What are they? What larger
structures do they make? What are the essential aspects of these structures that dictate their
function?
Solution
Three kinds of macromolecules are present in cell membranes:
Lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates
These three macromolecules together to form a complex phospholipid bilayer in which
periplasmic proteins are distributed in a mosaic manner. The large fluid mosaic structure is
formed from these macromolecules composed of phospholipid bilayers with protein channels for
the transport of organic & inorganic nutrients including trace metal. Normally, the essential
aspects of these structures composed of "porins, protein channels, integral proteins” that dictate
their function for the selective permeability, diffusion of nutrients across the membrane into &
out of the cell finally to attain homeostasis
For instance, fluid mosaic model describes that two-dimensional liquid layer of cell membrane
where proteins distributed like mosaic model in the phospholipid bilayer. This model mostly
accepted by biologists Role of the protein molecules in this model cell membrane layers are
membrane extracellular protein domains in connection to the lipid bilayer membrane. Membrane
phospholipids are the molecules with hydrophillic polar heads towards the solvent such as water
whereas hydrophobic tail located towards the center of the layer and this bilayer formed by
micelles, as fatty acids possess one polar associated with another nonpolar head. Cell membrane
possesses a property known as selective permeability. Cell membrane consists of phopholipid
bilayer that also include several of the transmembrane proteins, ion channels etc. Small, non-
polar molecules with hydrophobic nature diffuse more easily into the cell membrane. Similarly,
proteins interact and assemble themselves to form several layers of structures in our body.
Small particles are such as oxygen and CO2, urea can cross the lipid bilayer easily through
diffusion compared to glucose (channel mediated-sodium dependent transport into the cell),
amino acids (channel mediated) and various ions etc. Atoms