thesis book-small

Revitalisation Through Urban Nature,
A Better Livable Urban Environment.
Tejgaon Industrial Area
By Farmin Ahsan

Master Thesis, May 2014
Sustainable Urban Design
School of Architecture, Lund University
Author: Farmin Ahsan
Supervisor: Louise Lovenstierne
Examiner: Peter Siöström

Acknowledgments
It gives me great pleasure in acknowledging the support of all the people who played a part in helping
me complete my master degree and my final thesis.
I am greatly honored for the help from my supervisor , my teacher and my mentor
Louise Lovenstierne here at Lund University ofTechnology , at the Department of Architecture. She has
been my teacher since my first term here in the Sustainable Urban Design course and now throughout
my thesis journey has helped me in all ways possible - both educational and simple mental support .
Her constant concern and push has helped me a lot to achieve and take my project to the level it is at
present.
I would like to thank all my SUDes friends who helped my journey through the master program a ride
everyone wishes to have.
I am thankful to Architect Kazi Khaleed Ashraf for his book“Designing Dhaka : A Manifesto For a Better
City”which helped me most while working on Dhaka city. I am grateful toVitti Sthapati Brindo Ltd. and
architect Huraera Jabeen for their help during different times of my thesis.
I am grateful to my friend architect Mamunur Rashid Chowdhury for going through the trouble to take
the photographs of the site and fellow friends Farzad Ehsan , Nabila Binte Nasir and Nabila Ali for tak-
ing their time to help me with information.
I am ever grateful to my parents for their support and for letting me go and fulfill my dream and to
make me dream.
Finally , deepest gratitude to my husband Kafi Newaz Khan , a fellow architect , a fellow student , a
friend - without his constant help I would have never been able to complete my thesis.
Revitalistaion Through Urban Nature,

Tejgaon Industrial Area

Table of Contents
Abstract
Bangladesh
Brief Political History
Cultural History
Dhaka
History and Background
Chronlogical Development of the City
Reasons for Growth of the City
Analysis of Physical Condition of the City
Site and Design Proposal
Site Analysis , Tejgaon Industrial Area
Site Analysis
Site Images
S.W.O.T. Analysis
Sketches and Ideas
Design Proposal
Conclusion
Table of References

Abstract
Tejgaon industrial area of Dhaka city is slowly turning into a dead zone, with industries shifting to the
suburbs. People are not comfortable travelling through the area with the mere reason of unsafety and
do not really come here as there is no activity or place here to make it more alive. Dhaka city has many
problems but it also has its share of charm through festivals , its food, its architecture , its customs and
rituals and most importantly its people. But what it lacks is interventions small or big throughout the
city to give people a little better environment in the city context for better living. My idea of urban na-
ture intervention is not only an idea to makeTejgaon Industrial area more liveable and safe and socially
acceptable but this idea can be used throughout the city to make Dhaka city more liveable . Urban
nature has been brought in to the site and in turn helps to bring in more people into the site and help
to make it more alive. This idea of urban nature helps to make the area more livable, more alive and
socially more secure, safe and better.

Bangladesh
Location
23°42’N 90°21’E
Bangladesh is located in South Asia, bordered by India in the north, the Bay of Bengal in the east and
west, while Myanmar surrounds it on the south. Bangladesh is the eighth most populous country in
the world and also among countries along the Tropic of Cancer . Officially known as the People’s Re-
public of Bangladesh, it is the fourth largest Muslim country in the world after Indonesia, Pakistan and
India.

Bangladesh
Official Name
The People’s Republic Of Bangladesh.
Area
Total: 144,000 sq km.
Land: 133,910 sq km.
Water: 10,090 sq km.
Language
Bangla is the state language. English is also widely
spoken and understood.
Population
March 2013 estimate 150,039,000[3] (8th)
Density 1,033.5/km2 (12th), 2,676.8/sq mi
Religions
Muslim 88.3%, Hindu 10.5%, others 1.2%.
Climate
Tropical; cool, dry winter (October to March); hot,
humid summer (March to June); cool, rainy monsoon
(June to October)
Rainfall
Lowest 47”and highest 136”.
General Information
Most of the areas of Bangladesh lies within the broad delta formed by the Ganges and Brahmaputra
rivers. Lands are exceedingly flat, low-lying, and subject to annual flooding. Much fertile, alluvial soil
is deposited by the floodwaters. The only significant area of hilly terrain, constituting less than one-
tenth of the nation’s territory, is the Chittagong Hill Tracts in the narrow southeastern panhandle of
the country. There, on the border with Burma, is Mowdok Mual (1003 m/3292 ft), the country’s highest
peak. Small, scattered hills lie along or near the eastern and northern borders with India. The eroded
remnants of two old alluvial terraces-the Madhupur Tract, in the north central part of the country, and
The Barind, straddling the northwestern boundary with India- attain elevations of about 30 m (about
100 ft). The soil here is much less fertile than the annually replenished alluvium of the surrounding
floodplain.

Bangladesh
Bangladesh has been the eastern part of the greater region of Bengal and Dhaka has been its Mughal
capital since the 17th century. Bengal as a region has been ruled by Hindu and Buddhist rulers for a
very long time and Muslim, Mughal rulers and the British Empire came in very later years. The whole
region has a written history dating back to 4000 years. Hindu and Buddhist rules have alternately ruled
over Bengal till 1260, followed by Turkish and Afghan rulers for about 3 centuries with finally Mughal
rulers and Nawabs ruling form 1576 to 1765. After them came the British Empire ruling till 1947 when
the region split and finally Bangladesh was formed in 1971 after independence from Pakistan. As a
result all over the country the influence of Hindu, Buddhist, Mughal architecture and planning is exist-
ent. Dhaka city has been a capital city of independent Bangladesh but the old part of the city has been
the Mughal capital for the part 400 years. Dhaka city used to be known as the“City of Mosques”.
Brief Political History

Bangladesh
Remnants of civilization in the greater Bengal region date back four thousand years to when the re-
gion was settled by ancient Dravidian, Indo-Aryan, Tibeto-Burman and Austroasiatic peoples. The ex-
act origin of the word “Bangla” or “Bengal” is unclear, though it is believed to be derived from Bang/
Vanga, the Dravidian-speaking tribe that settled in the area around the year 1000 BCE. Under Islamic
rule, the region came to be known to the Muslim world in Persian as Bangalah.
The region was known to the ancient Greek and Roman world as Gangaridai, meaning “Nation of
Ganges”. Though still largely unclear, the early history of Bengal featured a succession of city states,
maritime kingdoms and pan-Indian empires, as well as a tussle between Hinduism and Buddhism for
dominance. The ancient political units of the region consisted of Vanga, Samatata, Harikela and Pun-
dravardhana. The Mauryan Empire led by Ashoka the Great conquered Bengal in the second century
BCE. After the collapse of the Gupta Empire, a local ruler named Shashanka rose to power and founded
the impressive Gauda kingdom. After a period of anarchy, the Bengali Buddhist Pala dynasty ruled the
region for four hundred years, followed by the Hindu Sena Dynasty.
Islam was introduced to the Bengal region during the 7th century by Arab Muslim traders and Sufi
missionaries, and the subsequent Muslim conquest of Bengal in the 12th century lead to the rooting
of Islam across the region. Bakhtiar Khilji, aTurkic general, defeated Lakshman Sen of the Sena dynasty
and conquered large parts of Bengal in the year 1204.
The region was ruled by the Sultanate of Bengal and the Baro-Bhuiyan confederacy for the next few
hundred years. By the 16th century, the Mughal Empire controlled Bengal, and Dhaka became an im-
portant provincial centre of Mughal administration.
Medieval European geographers located paradise at the mouth of the Ganges, and although this was
overhopeful, Bengal was probably the wealthiest part of the subcontinent until the 16th century. From
1517 onwards, Portuguese traders from Goa were traversing the sea route to Bengal. Only in 1537 were
Cultural History

Bangladesh
they allowed to settle and open customs houses at Chittagong. In 1577, the Mughal emperor Akbar
permitted the Portuguese to build permanent settlements and churches in Bengal.The influence of
European traders grew until the British East India Company gained control of Bengal following the
Battle of Plassey in 1757.The bloody rebellion of 1857—known as the Sepoy Mutiny—resulted in a
transfer of authority to the crown with a British viceroy running the administration.During colonial
rule, famine racked South Asia many times, including the war-induced Great Bengal famine of 1943
that claimed 3 million lives.
The Maratha Empire, a Hindu empire which overran the Mughals in the 18th century, devastated the
territories controlled by the Nawab of Bengal between 1742 and 1751. In a series of raids on Bengal
and Bihar, then ruled by the Nawab, Maratha demolished much of the Bengali economy, which was
unable to withstand the continuous onslaught of Maratha for long. Nawab Ali Vardi Khan made peace
with Maratha by ceding the whole of Orissa and parts of Western Bengal to the empire. In addition, a
tax – the Chauth, amounting to a quarter of total revenue – was imposed on other parts of Bengal and
Bihar. This tax amounted to twenty lakhs (of rupees?) for Bengal and 12 lakhs for Bihar per year.After
Maratha’s defeat in Panipat by a coalition of Muslim forces, the empire returned under the Maratha
general Madhoji Sindhia and raided Bengal again. The British Empire stopped payment of the Chauth,
invading the territory of Bengal in the 1760s.The raids continued until Maratha was finally defeated by
the British over the course of three Anglo-Maratha Wars lasting from 1777 to 1818.
The dominance of the East India Company lasted a whole century. As the company became richer and
richer, the wealth of the Mughals and the Maratha decreased. When the two empires could no longer
tolerate this situation, they gathered up all the soldiers[clarification needed] for an uprising against
the British expansion. The rebel forces were actually rebel sepoys against sepoys loyal to the East India
Company. The uprising triggered a British military response and started the Indian Rebellion of 1857.
After the defeat of the Mughals and the Maratha, they both went into decline and the entire region
came under the rule of the British Crown, as ordered by Queen Victoria in her role as Empress of India.
Cultural History

Bangladesh
After the foundation of the British Indian Empire, Bengal was still under the heavy influence of British
culture including architecture and art. The Indian Independence Movement was still underway in ef-
fort to overthrow the British Empire, and many Bengali people contributed to that effort. At the same
time as the Islamic and Hindu conflicts occurred, Bengal would be split into two states.
Cultural History

Dhaka
General Information
Dhaka Division Dhaka District Dhaka Metro Area Dhaka Urban Area
Division
Dhaka Division
District
Dhaka District
Establishment
1608 CE
Granted city status
1947
Area
• National Capital and Metropolitan Area
360 km2 (140 sq mi)
• Water 48.56 km2 (18.75 sq mi)
Elevation
4 m (13.12 ft)
Population (2013)
• National Capital and Metropolitan Area 14,399,000
• Density
45,000/km2 (115,200/sq mi)
• Metro 7,000,940 (2008)
• Demonym
Dhakaiya
• Literacy rate
95.7%

Dhaka
The word Dhaka is said to refer to the Dhak tree (Butea frondosa), once common in the area; or to Dhak,
a huge membranophone instrument from South Asia which was beaten by order of Subahdar Islam
Khan I while inaugurating the capital in 1610;[14].The name Dhaka originates from Dhakeshwari (“The
Hidden Goddess”), she is the 800 years old deity of the Divine Mother, whose shrine is located in the
southwestern part of the city.[15]Some references also say that it was derived from a Prakrit dialect
called Dhaka Bhasa; or Dhakka, used in the Rajtarangini for a watch-station; or it is the same as Davaka,
mentioned in the Allahabad pillar inscription of Samudragupta as an eastern frontier kingdom.
The city has historical buildings and settlements from different periods in history.They can be found in
different places in the city, especially in the old parts. Starting from the Buddhist and Hindu kingdom
to the British rule.
There was existence of Buddhist settlement in Dhaka, dating back to the 7th century by the Kamarupa
and Pala Empire until it passed to the control by the Hindu Sena Dynasty in the 9th century. It is said
that the name of the city is derived form the Goddess of Dhakeswari’s temple by Billal Sena of the Sena
dynasty in the 12th century. It has many market centers, bazaars that still exist, such as the Lakshmi ba-
zaar, shankhari bazaar, Tanti Bazaar, Patuatuli, Kumartuli ,Bania Nagar and Goal Nagar. After the Hindu
dynasty the Sultanate of Bengal ruled Dhaka and there were also governors from the Delhi Sultanate.
In 1576,a vast part of Bengal came under the rule of the Mughal Empire. During that time Dhaka was
the military base. Due to the development of townships and housing the town was experiencing sig-
nificant growth in population and the town was named the capital of Bengal under the Mughal rule
in 1608. Many mosques and forts and universities were built and Muslims were being excused from
paying taxes. As a result Muslims from surrounding areas were coming in and the town slowly was
transforming into a city. During this time Dhaka was more a city than a town or a fort and according to
Mughal documents recorded under Subahdar Islam Khan, the first administrator of the city, he named
HIstory and Background

Dhaka
it “Jahangir Nagar” (city of Jahangir) in honor of emperor Jahangir. This name was later changed after
the death of emperor Jahangir. The city went under major expansion under the rule of general Shaista
Khan on orders from emperor Aurangzeb during the 17th century. During that time Dhaka city was 19
by 13 kilometers, with a population of about one million people and over a 100 universities and hun-
dreds of mosques. The Mughal rule again weakened after the death of emperor Aurangzeb and hands
switched again about the control of Bengal. During this period of the Mughal rule, Islam became the
dominant religion in the city and surrounding region.
During the British rule in the Indian sub-continent The British East Indi Company in 1765 gained rights
to collect revenue and later took over governing during 1793. During that time the Nawabs of Bengal
had to give up all their authority forcefully and Bengal, Bihar and Odisha passed under total British
control. During this period the city’s population decreased a lot as Calcutta was slowly gaining promi-
nence, modernistaion and development. In 1874 modern civic water supply line was put up in Dhaka
and in1878 electricity supply was given. Dhaka cantonment area was developed near the city and this
served as the base station for the British and Bengali soldiers. After that the partition of Bengal hap-
pened in 1905, and Dhaka became the capital of the new East Bengal and Assam although the whole
of Bengal was reunited in 1911. During partition of India in 1947, Dhaka was declared capital of East
Pakistan. A large number of Hindus moved to the newly separated India (Hindustan) and the city thus
became a large region with many Muslims.
Dhaka in the following years saw a large number of political strikes due to Urdu being made as the sole
official language of Pakistan and the tehn East Pakistan(future Bangladesh). The Bengali Language
Movement started in the 1950s and went on through 1960s due to demands from the Bengali popula-
tion to have Bengali as the official and national language. In 1970 the region saw the Bhola cyclone
which devasted most of the region, killing approximately 500,000 people. Half of the city was flooded
and poor cyclone relief was being given b y the central government and people’s anger regarding eth-

Dhaka
nic discrimination was increasing. On 7th March 1971 bengali Politician Sheikh Mujibur Rahman held
a nationalist gathering at Ramna Rasecourse with about one million people attending it and on 26th
march he declared Bangladesh as an independent country. This , thus followed the 9 month long war
between Bangladesh and Pakistan and finally on 16th December the Pakistani Army surrendered and
Bangladesh gained its independence. Dhaka was announced the nation’s capital.
Dhaka over the years has seen a lot of change and developments , and as a city it has different cultural
touches in its urban fabric and buildings. §one can find Armenian churches, British period office build-
ings , residences, temples, mosques, great Nawabi mansions.

Dhaka
Dhaka city is home to nearly 15 million people and one of the most rapidly growing cities of the world.
The current population of the country is about 160 million and the area of the country is 146,000
square kilometers. Dhaka at the moment ranks as the 9th largest city in terms of population and is
predicted to be the 3rd largest by the year 2020 if the current growth continues. Although it is slowly
climbing the ladder of mega cities of the world but in respect of living conditions it is slowly sliding
down. This is due to prolonged neglect towards planning aspects as it grows.
Dhaka city has always been a center of culture, art, history and opportunities. People over time have
always migrated to the city in search of opportunities like many other capitals cities of the world.
Dhaka city even now is the main hub of jobs, economy, business, industries, commerce, culture, media,
education and jobs in all different kinds of sectors – a hub of jobs even for people form the rural areas.
People still flock to the city and try to settle everyday in search of work and opportunity although
many times the opportunity is a myth.
Dhaka city was once a world center of the production and export of various fabrics-cotton and muslin
in the 17th century and then jute in the 18th and 19th century and now Dhaka is once again a city of
weavers and spinners using modern machines and techniques. It is the center of economy of the gar-
ment and textile industry.
Although low-income people from different rural areas of the country and people from other cities of
the country are migrating Dhaka city has not really grown in a planned way. Services of housing and
other facilities do exist but they are not happening in a planned way. It can be said that Dhaka city is
going through“wild urbanization”as Kazi Khaleed Ashraf, professor of architecture at University of Ha-
waii at Manoa has put in his book“Designing Dhaka: A Manifesto For a Better City”. Despite poor gov-
ernance and planning it continues to grow and thrive as a major metropolis due its economic viability.
Dhaka city is changing no matter what, and the its transformation at a bigger scale is engineered by
land owners, developers, financiers, policy-makers and policy – breakers and at a micro level by the
migrants, builders of impromptu dwellings, petit vendors and small-time entrepreneurs. Over a period
Chronological Development of The City

Dhaka
of twenty years the population of the city and real estate economy both have boomed- Dhaka has be-
come a gold mine of real estate economy. This is visible, as acres of wetland and agricultural land have
disappeared to give way to an enormous number of buildings.
Chronological Development of The City
1750600 1850 1950 1980 1990 2002
2050 - Projected Growth of Dhaka Metro Area

Dhaka
Dhaka city is the major scene if one is to look for art, media and cultural aspects. Although different
parts of the country has its offerings in music and the arts but in Dhaka, all these aspects come to full
bloom through the media. It has many artists, sculptors, singers, poets, dancers, and actors residing in
the city and taking part in the media section.
There are annual events and celebrations for Independence Day (26th March) , Victory Day (16th De-
cember) , Bengali New year (14th April), Language Martyrs Day (21st February-now the International
Mother Language Day), the Ekushey Book Fair (month of February) , First Day of Spring (13th Febru-
ary), Last Day of Spring (13th April) . All these cultural festivals, and then there are big festivals for re-
ligious rituals such as the Christmas for the Christians, Eid-Ul-Fitr , Eid-Ul-Azha and Muharram, for the
Muslims , Kali and Durga puja for the Hindus and the Buddha Purnima for the Buddhists .
During the cultural festivals there are festivities going on about the whole city but the most elabo-
rate and big festivities are arranged by the Dhaka University and in the Dhaka university area. Many
schools, colleges and universities and organisations also arrange for day long programs, and people
usually spend the days in the city or visit places in and around the city. The Bengali new year is cel-
ebrated with the most grandeur and extravaganza.
Reasons for growth of the city of The City
Art and Culture
Festivals

Dhaka
Dhaka city is famous for its street food. Whether its summer, winter, rainy season or spring people are
always ready to stop for a bite at the street stalls, street shops or carts. The tradition and culture is such
that it does not matter whether one is going to the office or returning in the evening or maybe taking
a walk or going somewhere, they would always stop for a mouth watering delicacy or a cup of tea at
the street side tea stalls. Starting from snacks, tea, fruit juices to light meals in small portions. Although
Dhaka city suffers from pollution and different problems one does not mind to grab a bite of these
mouth watering delicacies .
Dhaka city has many famous universities and schools.
People from all over the country come to get admitted
and study.
Dhaka city is the main commercial hub of the country.
All major companies have their head offices and branch-
es in Dhaka.
Street Food and Delicacies
Education
Commercial Hub
Dhaka city is the main industrial hub of the country. It
has many industies and most are situated in its subur-
ban areas.
Industrial Hub

Dhaka
People keep migrating to the city in search of work and
settle , although they do not always find work.
Government Seat
Migration
The Government Seat , Parliament Building is situated in Dhaka City, at its heart.
Crafts

Dhaka
Analysis of the Physical Conditions of the City
Major River Connections
Current Dhaka City Missing Water Connections of the City
Main Traffic Artery
Dhaka is surrounded by rivers on all
sides. It has Padma river on the west
and Meghna river on the east and river
Turag on the north.

Dhaka
Shift of City Center with TIme
Current Circulation Situation Site and Water Development
Urban Open Spaces (Less than 20% Built Area)

Dhaka
Dhaka city currently has 54 parks and 11 playgrounds according to the Dhaka City Corporation. But
this number of greens is not sufficient for a city with such a vast population. Even with the existing
amount of green area it is not possible for people to relax or take the pleasure of these areas due to
many reasons. wetlands and green areas have dissapeared under landfill giving way to new buildings
and construction and development.
Vegetation

Dhaka
The water areas of dhaka city have also decreased over the years. All water bodies in the city were
connected , but over time and especially over the last 30 years they have lost their connections due to
landfill and development. Currently The water bodies are not connected physically or visually. They
are maybe some connected with culverts. These cause water logging due to heavy rainfall in the city.
Water Area
landfill and new constructions water-logging in city due to decrease in water bodies

Dhaka
Dhaka city has grown tremendously over the years and especially after its independence. Around 600
A.D. it was a small city, what is now the old part, with river port of the Buriganga River on the south. Riv-
ers has been important part of the country with many rivers flowing through it ultimately into the Bay
of Bengal in the south. River activities were very important for Dhaka city due to business activities and
travelling occurring through boats on the south port. Rivers on all sides surround the city – the Turag
River on the north and west, the Buriganga River on the south and the Balu and Shitalakkha rivers on
the east. Due to the river Turag situated on the west and Buriganga on the south it was not really pos-
sible for the city to expand on these two sides and thus it spontaneously expanded to the northeast.
The city of Dhaka was first planned in 1959 by the English planning firm Minoprio, Spencely and Mac-
farlane but the planners had actually failed to foresee what it would turn into after the country’s inde-
pendence in the year 1971. This master plan was reinvigorated by a consulting enterprise Mott Mac-
donald in 1995 and the 15 year Dhaka Metropolitan Development Plan (DMDP) was made with a three
tiered structure, Urban Area and Detailed Area Plans gazette by the government in 2009.The Bangla-
desh Institute of Planners (BIP) say that the plans should be positioned as to benefit the urban poor
and the flood plains and agricultural lands can be used for real estate speculation. The DAP has failed
at both its responsibilities – the social and ecological. The different policies do no follow or respect the
city’s geological and hydrological history and there are no visualizations of urban experiences in the
city.
Physical Planning
City Master Plan 1995-2015 Urban Area Plan 1995-2005
Strategic Planning Zones
Urban Area Plan 1995-2005
Boundary Amendments

Dhaka
Built Form Analysis
Designed Single Unit Residential
Building
Planned Commercial Building
Unplanned RTesidential BuildingPlanned RTesidential Building
Unplanned Urban Slum For Migrants

Dhaka
Old Water Front

Dhaka
The present water conditions fo dhaka is such that even after development of the water areas mostly
they are just views rather than activity places. People do not usually use water or water transport in
the city. Surrounding areas of some water bodies which have been developed are used by people for
taking walks but not extensively. The water areas behave mostly as just lake front views for residential
building.
2 of the water areas have gone under devlopment. One of the water connection development has
been done very recently. It was completed and opeened to the public january 2013. It is the hatirjheel
water development project. This project was initiated by architects and environmentalists and ulti-
mately done by the government.
Current Water Front Situation

Dhaka
New Water Front Development
Hatirjheel WaterFront Development By Vitti Sthapati Brindo

Site Analysis , Tejgaon Industrial Area

Tejgaon industrial Area
Tejgaon industrial area was originally planned by the British and was at that time situated in the sub-
urbs on the north of dhaka. But as Dhaka city grew it is now situated at the heart of city.
Site Analysis
Historical Background of Site Area

Socially it is a dead zone after business hours as there is no activity to pull people in to the area.
Social Context
Site Analysis

Existing Blue and Green Area in the Site
Site Analysis

mediumScaleFactoryBuilding
SmallscaleFactoryBuildingwithacomodation
Smallestlivingunit
SmallScaleFactoryBuilding
BigScaleFactoryBuilding
mediumScaleFactoryBuilding
2steriodresidential
3steriodresidential
4steriodresidential
6steriodresidentialandcommercialbuilding
16steriodcommercialbuilding
71 meter
48 meter
21 meter
6 meter
8 meter
Types of Building and Comparitive Scale
Types of Roads
Site Analysis
Income Graph
Morethen5000usd/permonth
Morethen1000usd/permonth
Below500usd/permonth
Below80usd/permonth
0.5% 10% 30% 60%
Income Level of People in Site

Scale Comparison - Dhaka and Malmö
Scale Comparison - Tejgaon Industial area and Bo 01
Site Analysis
Dhaka City
Malmö City
Bo 01 Area, Mlmö City
Tejgaon Industrial Area , Dhaka

Land Usage Density
Different Income Groups Functions around Site
Site Analysis

Road Inside Area
Unplanned Slum Facing Waterfront
Unplanned Slum Facing Waterfront
Different Income Groups Functions around Site
Site images

Unplanned Slum Facing Waterfront Unplanned Slum Facing Waterfront
Site images
Road Inside Area
Road Inside Area
Hatirjheel Road

Road Inside Area Commercial High Rise buildings
Site images
Large Factories and Garment Industries Small Industries

S.W.O.T. Analysis
As the area was planned as an industrial area thus it has proper and planned road network. It also has
good facilities of utility services.
Socially it is unsafe to commute through the area after business hours. As there is no mixed use in the
site there is no chace of people coming to the area for anything other than office.The amount of green
is only in the goverment office complexes and no used in any way.
As many industires are moving to the suburbs thus there are empty spaces which can eb designed.The
are also has a large amount of green.
If the area is not developed soon it will soon turn into a dead zone at the heart of the city.
Strength
Weakness
Opportunity
Threat

Study Sketches and Ideas
Creating an Urban Oasis with Links
Using Nature as a Tool of Improving Economy
What to do with the Big Abandoned Factory Spaces ?

How to Use Existing Greenery and Existing Abandoned Plots and Buildings ?
How to Use Existing Greenery of the Present Government Institutional Buildings ?

Proposal
1. Salvage and Reuse –offer new activites
2. New greens - balance and use the existing along with water bodies
3. New residences and commercial area
Link with a Green Structure to Ensure Flow of Traffic and Movement
Community Gardens Green Structure and Low-Cost Housing Area
for Current Slum Dwellers

Low -Cost Housing Area and Small Craft Shops / Factories
for Current Slum Dwellers _ Make Planned Living Quarters

Carving out Green Area and Functions
Use Phytoremediation to Purify Soil and Water of the Area

Carving Out and Creating New Districts with Linking Corridor

Design Proposal , Tejgaon Industrial Area

Master PLan
green structure
green areas
built forms - existing buildings with
new functions
built forms -new buildings and new
functions
built forms - existing buildings with
existing functions
water body
roads and streets
paved areas
50m 100m 200m
Proposal

Ratio of built Forms and Green
The green line shows the green-blue structure - this is the generator of the project. It holds and brings
in together the connection throughout the site of public spaces and different activities. It comprises of
different kinds of functions varying from place to place depending on the requirements of the specific
situation. It has bike paths, sidewalks, small scale side-walk parks or playgrounds, street art areas, cov-
ered walkways, running tracks , drains for water management and so on.
Proposal

Proposed Functions in Site
Proposal

Timeline For Ideas to Develop in Site
Proposal

Types of Green structure
Type 2 _ Shaded Walkway and Bike PathType 1_ Walkway and Bike Path
Type 2_ Section Through Green Structure- Relationship of Built Form and Green Structure
Proposal

Type 3_ Common Path for Bicycle and Walking
Type 4 _ Walk and Biking Path with Rain Water Collection Channels
Type 5_ Walk and Biking Path with Small Play Areas for Children
Proposal

Type 6_ Walk and Biking Path with Provision for Play Areas and Street Art Areas
Proposal

The green line shows the green-blue structure - this is the generator of the project. It holds and brings
in together the connection throughout the site of public spaces and different activities. It comprises of
different kinds of functions varying from place to place depending on the requirements of the specific
situation. It has bike paths, sidewalks, small scale side-walk parks or playgrounds, street art areas, cov-
ered walkways, running tracks , drains for water management and so on.
Detail Area Plan 1 _ Educational Hub, Park and Small Factory Area
Types of Green Structure in Detail PLan 1
Type 3_ Common Path for Bicycle and Walking
Type 2 _ Shaded Walkway and Bike Path
Type 1_ Walkway and Bike Path
Detail Area Plan 1
Proposal

a
a
existing university with solar panels on roof
allotment gardens for organic farming
children’s library
vocational training center
storm water management pond
small scale factory with roof garden
night school for low income people
public linbrary
park with streams
boat club deck
type 5
type 6
type 2
type 2
type 2
type 2
type 1
type 1
type 1
type 1
type 1
type 2
type6
type 3
type 3
type 3

Detail Area Section aa
View towards Media Center in Site
Green Structure through Park _Type 6
Green Structure _Type 2
Public Library
Proposal

Warehouses as Media Centers
Educational Center Allotment Gardens Existing University

View of Park Area with Storm Water Ponds - All plants on
ground and water help with phyrtoremediation
Proposal

View of Green Structure on Pvements and as Street
Crossing Medium
Proposal

The green-blue structure and different places changes in height and elevation from ground. In some
places it acts as a mode of crossing a street or a space - in some places it is a shaded walkway which
people can use just to be mobile or maybe sit and enjoy the surroundings.
An important aspect is that all plants of this structure are proposed to help in phytormediation and
reduce air or water pollution.
They ensure mobility throughout the site. The concept behind it is that this kind of structure - both
physical and conceptual can be continued throughout the city to ensure mobility and lack of mobilty
and connectors ultimately bringing in opportunities for public spaces.
Green Structure also used as meeting places
when in large scale
Proposal

This green blue structure helps to bring in people form different areas of the city. It not only help bring
people to different public spaces in the site , but it , itself as as a public space.
It has small playgrounds inbuilt in the structure which may have just a set of swings or a slide which
children can enjoy with their parents on the way somewhere or can be a place of mere enjoyment for
street children.
It has walls for street art. Dhaka city now has a growing trend of street art and walls around the site
inside this structure can mean more interaction of people.
Biking although quite common in rural areas as a mode of transport has become a major growing
trend in Dhaka city inthe last few years and more and more people are buying bikes and switching
to this mode of transport to reduce travel time everyday. This trend is mostly being followed by the
young generation. Although it has become a trend Dhaka city still lacks separate lanes to ensure safety
of thses bikers. Simple bike paths and running or walking tracks flow throughout the site incorporated
in this green structure to ensure safety of bikers, ensure mobilty by connecting it to surrounding areas
and ultimately making Tejgaon area more environment friendly socially.
Spaces surrounding the structure can be used in the evenings as open air filming areas and bring in
more people to Tejgaon making it socially friendly.
View inside Parks
Proposal

Proposal
phytoremediation -metal pollutants in site
permeable pavement for water drainage
permeable pavement for water drainage
storm water management pond permeable pavement for water drainage bike stands and parking
storm water ponds helping phytoremediation
organic farms with local area produce
organic farms with local area producestorm water ponds helping phytoremediation
solar panels on building roofs

Proposal
Detail Area Plan 2 _ Low Cost Housing Area and Allotment Gardens
Types of Green Structure in Detail PLan 2
Type 1_ Walkway and Bike Path
Detail Area Plan 2

Proposal
Detail Area Plan 2 _ Low Cost Housing Area and Allotment Gardens
Green Courtyard Small Craft Shops
on Ground Level
Green Structure_
Type 6
Green Structure_
Type 1
Alllotment Gardens Existing Footbridge

Proposal
Detail Area Section

Proposal
Detail Area Sections

Conclusion
Urban nature has been brought in to the site in the form of gardens, farming gardens, waste water
management ponds, storm water collection ponds , parks . These in turn help to bring in more people
into the site and help to mark out places where buildings need to be built, where public spaces are
needed, where pedestrian access is needed, where people need to be simple in nature. As a whole it
increases social interaction in the area. Social interaction through urban nature helps to make the area
more liveable, more alive and socially more secure, safe and better.
In everyday lives of people Dhaka city has its contribution to problems but it has huge potential to
give its people what they need most- a place to relax , a place to breath after a day of hard work. Urban
nature helps people to relax through interaction and enhances quality of life, quality of space and
context and quality of everyday living. This idea of urban nature is not a site specific concept but this
green link and urban nature can be continued throughout the city making Dhaka city more livable for
its people.

Table of References
Internet websites:
http://www.thedailystar.net/campus/2012/07/05/newsroom.htm
http://dhakadailyphoto.blogspot.se/2007/11/old-sketches-and-pics-of-dhaka-city.html
http://www.skyscrapercity.com/forumdisplay.php?s=7e41943f918e99ebbc454a7917094d92&f=930
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhaka
http://www.dhakacity.com.bd/index.php
http://www.dhakacity.org/Page/About_us/About/Category/2/About_us_info
Books:
Great Public Squares _ Robert F. Gatje
Designing Dhaka: A Manifesto for a Better City _ Kazi Khaleed Ashraf
Urban Housing Strategies: Education and Realistaion _ Wakely, Schmetzer and Mumtaz
A New Theory of Urban Design _ Christopher Alexander , Hajo Neis , Artemis Anninou, Ingrid King
Photographaphs:
Neelofar Ahsan
Mamunur Rashid
Farmin Ahsan

Printed From Media Tryck, Lund University

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