The document outlines plans for a manned mission to Mars that would launch in 2033. It details the spacecraft design including living quarters and command module dimensions. A landing site in Charitum Montes is proposed due to protection from storms and potential for scientific research. Propulsion systems including Falcon 9 Heavy, Ares V rockets, and a VASIMR plasma rocket are discussed. The total estimated cost is $10.5 billion and the mission involves 5 launches to transport the 29,610 kg payload.
Planet Labs is making use of information gathered from space to help with life on Earth. The group of scientists considered
the problem with most satellites to be their large and clunky form, prompting them to build inexpensive and compact satellites to be manufactured in bulk, called CubeSats.
Commercializing Space: From the Moon to MarsLarry Smarr
Panel discussion featuring Calit2 Director Larry Smarr, former FAA associate administrator and aerospace consultant Patti Grace Smith, and nonfiction author Michael Sims at the Future in Review Conference on May 21, 2014 in Laguna Beach, Calif.
American Astronautical Society, Astronauts and Robots: Partners in Space Exploration, May 12-13, 2015 - http://astronautical.org/event/astronauts-robots
Planet Labs is making use of information gathered from space to help with life on Earth. The group of scientists considered
the problem with most satellites to be their large and clunky form, prompting them to build inexpensive and compact satellites to be manufactured in bulk, called CubeSats.
Commercializing Space: From the Moon to MarsLarry Smarr
Panel discussion featuring Calit2 Director Larry Smarr, former FAA associate administrator and aerospace consultant Patti Grace Smith, and nonfiction author Michael Sims at the Future in Review Conference on May 21, 2014 in Laguna Beach, Calif.
American Astronautical Society, Astronauts and Robots: Partners in Space Exploration, May 12-13, 2015 - http://astronautical.org/event/astronauts-robots
American Astronautical Society, Astronauts and Robots: Partners in Space Exploration, May 12-13, 2015 - http://astronautical.org/event/astronauts-robots
My Hydrospatial 21 presentation titled "Back to the Future: The Climate for Change and the Hydrographer of the Future" contained a number of slides noting supplement.
This presentation is the Rosetta link. It suggests that visionary capabilities are possible and uses components of the Rosetta mission with past capabilities.
We come across a lot of people complaining about wastage of money and time on space technology, recently when Elon Musk’s company Space X launched Falcon Heavy sending Tesla Roadster to space orbit costing around $90 million, half of the people were discussing and were considering it as a waste of money.
But the truth is, space exploration technology is incredibly influential and beneficial; not only does space research improve the economy by keeping scientists and engineers employed, it also results in discovery of new technology as well as gadget some of which we use in our everyday lives.
https://technologymoon.com/
American Astronautical Society, Astronauts and Robots: Partners in Space Exploration, May 12-13, 2015 - http://astronautical.org/event/astronauts-robots
My reflection is the the Mid-70s to Mid-80s were Enlightening years. This presentation describes my activities for that timeline including studies at the Canberra College of Education
American Astronautical Society, Astronauts and Robots: Partners in Space Exploration, May 12-13, 2015 - http://astronautical.org/event/astronauts-robots
My Hydrospatial 21 presentation titled "Back to the Future: The Climate for Change and the Hydrographer of the Future" contained a number of slides noting supplement.
This presentation is the Rosetta link. It suggests that visionary capabilities are possible and uses components of the Rosetta mission with past capabilities.
We come across a lot of people complaining about wastage of money and time on space technology, recently when Elon Musk’s company Space X launched Falcon Heavy sending Tesla Roadster to space orbit costing around $90 million, half of the people were discussing and were considering it as a waste of money.
But the truth is, space exploration technology is incredibly influential and beneficial; not only does space research improve the economy by keeping scientists and engineers employed, it also results in discovery of new technology as well as gadget some of which we use in our everyday lives.
https://technologymoon.com/
American Astronautical Society, Astronauts and Robots: Partners in Space Exploration, May 12-13, 2015 - http://astronautical.org/event/astronauts-robots
My reflection is the the Mid-70s to Mid-80s were Enlightening years. This presentation describes my activities for that timeline including studies at the Canberra College of Education
1 Which typical team challenges refer to those in the book.pdfabhishek483040
1. Which typical team challenges (refer to those in the book) were present in the case? Explain.
2. Which types of decision-making pitfalls were present in this case? Explain.
3. Which symptoms of Groupthink were evidenced in the case? Explain.
4. Which team decision making pitfall prevention mechanisms could be put in place to prevent this from happening again at NASA?
5. Which aspects of the organizational/team environment (blue box in the Team Effectiveness Model) could should be changed so that a
disaster like this could not happen again at NASA? Explain. How could this be done?
6. Which aspects of team design (green box in the Team Effectiveness Model) could should be changed so that a disaster like this could
not happen again at NASA? Explain. How could this be done?
7. Which team processes (orange box in the Team Effectiveness Model) could should be changed so that a disaster like this could not
happen again at NASA? Explain. How could this be done?
shapes and images that are... more repeatedly, thus reducing both the engineering cost and
hardware costs. However, resulting vehicle was not as envisioned. II had severe design flaws, one
of which caused the loss of the Challenger. NASA Planning and Politics: NASA's post-Apollo plans
for the continued manned exploration of space rested on a three legged triad. The first leg was a
reusable space transportation system, the Space Shuttle, which could transport men and cargo to
low earth orbit (LEO) and then land back on Earth to prepare for another mission. The second leg
was a manned orbiting space station which would be resuppled by the Shuttle and would serve as
both a transfer point for activities further from Earth and as a scientific and manufacturing platform.
The final leg was the exploration of Mars, which would start from the Space Station. Unfortunately
the politics and inflation of the early 70 's forced NASA to retreat from its ambitious program. Both
the Space Station and the Journey to Mars were delayed indefinitely and the United States
manned space program was left standing on one leg, the space shuttle. Even worse, the Shuttle
was constantly under attack by a Democratic congress and poorly defended by a Republican
president. To retain Shuttle funding. NASA was forced to make a series of major concessions.
First, facing a highly constrained budget, NASA sacrificed the research and development
necessary to produce a truly reusable shuttle, and instead accepted a design which was only
partially reusable, eliminating one of the features which made the shutlie attractive in the first
place. Solid rocket boosters (SRBs) were used instead of safer liquid fueled boosters because
they required a much smaller research and development effort. Numerous other design changes
were made to reduce the level of research and development required. Second, to increase its
political clout and to guarantee a steady customer base, NASA enlisted the support of the United
States Air Force. The Air Fo.
Challenger Disaster 30 Years Ago Shocked the World, Changed NASA
By Mike Wall January 28, 2016
https://www.space.com/31760-space-shuttle-challenger-disaster-30-years.html
Thirty years ago today, NASA suffered a spaceflight tragedy that stunned the world
and changed the agency forever.
On Jan. 28, 1986, the space shuttle Challenger exploded just 73 seconds after
blasting off from Florida's Kennedy Space Center, killing all seven astronauts on
board — including New Hampshire educator Christa McAuliffe, a civilian who had
been selected to fly via NASA's "Teacher in Space" program.
NASA astronauts had died on the job before — Apollo 1 crewmembers Ed White,
Gus Grissom and Roger Chaffee were lost when a fire broke out inside their
command module during a launchpad exercise on Jan. 27, 1967 — but the
Challenger disaster was something different altogether. [Remembering Challenger:
NASA's 1st Shuttle Tragedy (Photos)]
"The whole country and the whole world were in shock when that happened,
because that was the first time the United States had actually lost a space vehicle
with crew on board," said former NASA astronaut Leroy Chiao, who flew three space
shuttle missions during his career (in 1994, 1996 and 2000), and also served as
commander of the International Space Station from October 2004 through April
2005.
"It was even more shocking because Christa McAuliffe was not a professional
astronaut," Chiao told Space.com. "If you lose military people during a military
operation, it's sad and it's tragic, but they're professionals doing a job, and that's
kind of the way I look at professional astronauts. But you're taking someone who's
not a professional, and it happened to be that mission that got lost — it added to the
shock."
Click here for more Space.com videos...
NASA Remembers Challenger
https://www.space.com/31760-space-shuttle-challenger-disaster-30-
years.html?jwsource=cl
Changing the culture
On Jan. 28, 1986, NASA's space shuttle Challenger exploded after liftoff, killing seven
astronauts and shocking the world. Here's how the Challenger accident occurred.
(Image credit: by Karl Tate, Infographics artist)
Before Challenger launched on its ill-fated STS-51L mission, the space shuttle
program had completed 24 missions in a row, starting with the April 1981 liftoff of
the orbiter Columbia. That run of success bred a measure of complacency, Chiao
said.
"There was a 'launch fever' at the time, to try to get these missions off on time, and
get more missions going," he said. That type of thinking played a significant role in
the disaster, experts have concluded. Challenger was lost because a rubber "O-ring"
seal on the shuttle's right-hand solid rocket booster failed, allowing hot gas to
escape and damage the orbiter's external fuel tank, as well as the gear that attached
the booster to the tank.
The O-ring failed in part because unusually cold temperatures on launch day caused
t ...
The Challenger and Columbia Shuttle DisastersTo be considered co.docxmamanda2
The Challenger and Columbia Shuttle Disasters
To be considered complete, all written assignments must include proper citations within the body of the paper when relevant, as well as a References section. Failure to cite outside sources is plagiarism and will be treated as such! You must also include a title page. Do not include pictures or graphics. All documents must be in Word format and in APA writing styles. The completed assignment must be uploaded in the ASSIGNMENT area by the specified deadline.
The title page must include Student Name, Course Name and Number, Assignment Name, Professor’s Name, and Assignment Date.
The introduction provides sufficient background on the topic and previews major points.
Assignment Description/Scenario
Read the story about the Challenger and Columbia Shuttle Disasters below, and respond to the attached questions, using the specifications above. Each response must be at least a paragraph in length.
STORY:
The
Challenger
Disaster
On January 28, 1986, the space shuttle
Challenger
rose into the sky, its seven crew members strapped into their padded seats while the 2,000-ton vehicle vibrated as it gained speed and altitude. The launch was going perfectly. Seventy seconds had passed since lift-off, and the shuttle was already 50,000 feet above the earth. From NASA Mission Control at Houston’s Johnson Space Center, Spacecraft Communicator Richard Covey instructed, “
Challenger
, go at throttle up.” “Roger, go at throttle up,” replied
Challenger
Commander Dick Scobee.
In the next few seconds, however,
Challenger
experienced some increasingly violent maneuvers. The pilot, Mike Smith, expressed his sudden apprehension: “Uh-oh.” In MissionPage 376 Control, the pulsing digits on the screen abruptly stopped. Mission Control spokesman Steve Nesbitt sat above the four console tiers. For a long moment he stared around the silent, softly lit room. The red ascent trajectory line was stationary on the display screen. Finally he spoke: “Flight controllers here looking very carefully at the situation. Obviously a major malfunction.”
Headed by former Secretary of State William Rogers, the Presidential Commission that was set up to investigate the cause of the
Challenger
disaster had little trouble identifying the physical cause. One of the joints on a booster rocket failed to seal. The “culprit” was one of the synthetic rubber O-rings that were designed to keep the rockets’ superhot gases from escaping from the joints between the booster’s four main segments. When one of the O-rings failed, the resulting flames burned through the shuttle’s external fuel tank. Liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen then mixed and ignited, causing the explosion that destroyed
Challenger
.
However, the so-called Rogers Commission investigations also revealed a great deal about the internal workings of NASA. It was a geographically dispersed matrix organization. Headquarters were in Washington, DC, where its most senior mana.
Presentation by Jim Chilton (Vice President and Program Manager, Exploration Launch Systems, Boeing) at the Von Braun Memorial Symposium in Huntsville, Alabama, 22 October 2008.
<a href="http://astronautical.org/vonbraun/vonbraun-2008/session5">http://astronautical.org/vonbraun/vonbraun-2008/session5</a>
A design study for an Autogiro UAV to Mars which combines both the forward flight and rotor dynamics into one singular design. The study involves design calculations and suggests a possible design in comparison to NASA's ARES Mission
Presentation by Steve Cook at the AAS Von Braun Memorial Symposium in Huntsville, Alabama, 21 October 2008.
<a href="http://astronautical.org/vonbraun/vonbraun-2008/session1">http://astronautical.org/vonbraun/vonbraun-2008/session1</a>
Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
In today's fast-changing business world, Companies that adapt and embrace new ideas often need help to keep up with the competition. However, fostering a culture of innovation takes much work. It takes vision, leadership and willingness to take risks in the right proportion. Sachin Dev Duggal, co-founder of Builder.ai, has perfected the art of this balance, creating a company culture where creativity and growth are nurtured at each stage.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualityInflectra
In this insightful webinar, Inflectra explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming software development and testing. Discover how AI-powered tools are revolutionizing every stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC), from design and prototyping to testing, deployment, and monitoring.
Learn about:
• The Future of Testing: How AI is shifting testing towards verification, analysis, and higher-level skills, while reducing repetitive tasks.
• Test Automation: How AI-powered test case generation, optimization, and self-healing tests are making testing more efficient and effective.
• Visual Testing: Explore the emerging capabilities of AI in visual testing and how it's set to revolutionize UI verification.
• Inflectra's AI Solutions: See demonstrations of Inflectra's cutting-edge AI tools like the ChatGPT plugin and Azure Open AI platform, designed to streamline your testing process.
Whether you're a developer, tester, or QA professional, this webinar will give you valuable insights into how AI is shaping the future of software delivery.
Generating a custom Ruby SDK for your web service or Rails API using Smithyg2nightmarescribd
Have you ever wanted a Ruby client API to communicate with your web service? Smithy is a protocol-agnostic language for defining services and SDKs. Smithy Ruby is an implementation of Smithy that generates a Ruby SDK using a Smithy model. In this talk, we will explore Smithy and Smithy Ruby to learn how to generate custom feature-rich SDKs that can communicate with any web service, such as a Rails JSON API.
Generating a custom Ruby SDK for your web service or Rails API using Smithy
There And Back Again
1. There and Back Again O’Hara Muller Harvey Gholami Hinds Townshend Cavaliere Cremer Red Team
2. Falcon 9 Heavy Lifter Ares V Spacecraft Design Total Launch Cost: $2.5 billion Mass of payload: 29,610 kg Mass of payload: 71,100 kg Number of Launches: 5 Launch: 2033 Total Launch costs: $484,567,650
3. Estimated Construction Cost: $10.5 billion Dimensions: (metres) Living Quarters: 10 x 3.25 Command Module: 4.5x5.5x4 VASIMR: 9.5x4.5x5 Total: 15x22.5x5
4. Charitum Montes Landing Site 56⁰ 59’ 31.12” S 31⁰ 29’ 32.44” W
5. Reasons for Landing Site Protected from Martian Storms In close proximity to a mountain range and gullies which holds evidence of water Holds promise for scientific research
10. References Ball, A. J. (2007). Planetary Landers and Entry Probes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Barlow, N. G. (2008). Mars: An Introduction to its Interior, Surface, and Atmosphere. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Berger, B. NASA to Test Laser Communications with Mars Spacecraft. Space News. <http://www.space.com/spacenews/businessmonday_041115.html> Brown, C. D. (1995). Spacecraft propulsion. AIAA education series. Washington, DC: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Coppingnger, R. (2007). NASA Lunar Lander Design Plans Revealed. Flight Global. <http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2007/07/16/215443/nasa-lunar-lander-design-plans-revealed.html> Forget, F., Costard, F., & Lognonné, P. (2008). Planet Mars: Story of Another World. Springer-Praxis books in popular astronomy. Berlin: Springer. Geological Survey (U.S.), & Kieffer, H. H. (1991). Topographic maps of the polar, western, and eastern regions of Mars. [Reston, Va.]: The Survey. (2009) Google Mars. Google. Retrieved July 31, 2009 http://www.google.com/mars/ Greeley, R. (1990). Mars landing site catalog. NASA reference publication, 1238. Washington, D.C.: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Office of Management, Scientific and Technical Information Division. Jahn, R. G. (1968). Physics of electric propulsion. McGraw-Hill series in missile and space technology. New York: McGraw-Hill. Kieffer, H. H. (1992). Mars. Space science series. Tucson: University of Arizona Press. Materials and Manufacturing Directorate. Beryllium-Aluminum Alloy Components Fly on Airforce, NASA spacecraft. <http://www.ml.afrl.af.mil/stories/MLL/afrl_ws_05_1553.html> NASA’s Exploration Systems Architexture Study. NASA. Last modified Dec. 30, 2009. <http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/140649main_ESAS_full.pdf> NASA’s Human Exploration and Development of Space Enterprise. (2003). NASAexplores. <http://www.nasa.gov/vision/space/travelinginspace/future_propulsion.html> Patel, M. R. (2005). Spacecraft power systems. Boca Raton: CRC Press. Petro,A.(2002). VASIMR Plasma Rocket Technology. Advanced Space Propulsion Laboratory. <http://dma.ing.uniroma1.it/users/bruno/Petro.prn.pdf> Russell R. (2004) The Orbit of Mars. Windows to the Universe. <http://www. windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/mars/mars_orbit.html > Smith, B. Et al. (2008). NASA Propulsion Investments for Exploration and Science. NASA. <http://utrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/20090018610_2008018440.pdf> Turner, M. (2009). Rocket and Spacecraft Propulsion: Principles, Practice, and New Developments. NASA. <http://dma.ing.uniroma1.it/users/bruno/Petro.prn.pdf> Zubrin, R., & Wagner, R. (1996). The case for Mars: The plan to settle the red planet and why we must. New York: Free Press.
Editor's Notes
Good afternoon ladies and gentlemen. We are the Red team, and our mission was to design a spacecraft to take humans to Mars and back again. We were given set parameters before we began; we would spend thirty days on Mars, we would take 6 astronauts, and we would land in a mountainous area somewhere between the poles and the equator.Some of the mandatory topics we have covered over the course of our project include: designing the spacecraft (including dimensions and a budget), choosing a suitable propulsion system for the spacecraft, designing a landing craft and propulsion system, creating a timeline, finding ways to communicate to mission control from Mars, researching ways of making sure we do not contaminate Mars in any way, and finding a way to return the astronauts and any Martian samples to Earth. We were also in charge of choosing the landing site, and giving a rationale to show why it is safe, habitable and how it supports the scientific goals.Now I will hand over to Patrick, who will talk a little about spacecraft design.
The first issue we had to cover was getting the spacecraft off of the ground. In order to do this as efficiently as possible we decided to launch supplies to Mars in approximately 2033. (click) An Ares V rocket will be used to launch a payload of (click) approximately 71,100 kg. This will include a rover, additional supplies and scientific experiments, an additional communication satellite. The supplies will land unmanned using an aero braking and bounce down system to land safely on the surface. (click) Starting in the year 2030 we will begin taking up components of the manned craft (click) using the falcon 9 heavy lifter rocket. (click) Each payload will have a mass of approximately 29,610 kg and we hope to get all components into orbit (click) using only five launches which should (click) cost roughly half a billion dollars. The five launches will carry up the command module and VASIMR engine, the two living modules, additional supplies and components for the nuclear reactor. (click) The Martian Lander will be sent up on an Ares V and docked to the finished spacecraft. (click) The crew will be sent up on an Ares 1 in the year 2035 and dock to the craft. The Orion capsule will be left in Earth orbit for future use or decommissioned. (click) The spacecraft, designated Thor, will be constructed roughly in this shape with the two living modules docked to the central command module which will function as the central node. (click) The crew will board threw here and finally the landing craft will be docked at the front . Now here is Alyssa to discuss the orbital construction of the craft and how it’s going to get to Mars.
Our spacecraft, which we named Thor will be assembled by docking several different components in Earth’s orbit. The command module, living modules and VASIMR engine will be built on Earth. Parts of the Nuclear Power Plant (which will provide power to the engine) will be sent to the Moon, where the remainder will be constructed of moon regolith. It will hopefully be fuelled with uranium mined from the moon, although the quantity of Uranium that can be mined form the moon is currently unknown.The first section to be sent up will be the command module with the hydrogen tank and VASIMR engine. Next, a living module will be sent, followed by a second living and storage module.The diagram shows a side view of Thor so far. Allow me to draw your attention to the robotic arm on the top of the spacecraft. It can be used for assembling Thor as well as for repairs to the outside of the spacecraft.The competed nuclear power plant will then be sent into Earth’s orbit from the Moon using the Yellow team Moon base launch facilities. Thor will be assembled using universal docking ports like in the ISS. Thor’s estimated cost of construction is $10.5 billion. The dimensions of the craft are as follows.Using the VASIMR engine, Thor will be accelerated about halfway to Mars, then turned around and decelerated for the rest of the way. Aidan will further explain this concept later in the presentation.Now Simon will discuss the landing site on Mars.
Our chosen landing site on Mars is Charitum Montes. We had much debate about the best landing site for our mission as it had already been decided that we would land on a mountainous area and so, this leaves a lot of possibilities of where to land because Mars has massive mountains and a lot of them.We looked at different maps of the Martian surface to find the most suitable landing site such as an elevation map and water source map. The coordinates of Charitum Montes are 56°59’31.12” S, 31°29’32.44”WIn the next part of our presentation, Dennis will explain further why we chose this site.In order to communicate with Mission Control on the Moon, we will send data from our landing site to satellites orbiting Mars. The data will be sent to Earth satellites which will then transfer to the Moon where Mission control will pick it up. Although there are communications satellites already orbiting Mars, they are fairly primitive so in order to improve communication links, we are going to send up a satellite to Mars beforehand. This satellite will cost $500 million and sends between 10 and 30 mission bits per second. However, there would be a delay between transmission and detection of between nine and twenty minutes. During the mission, communication between the Moon and Mars will not be blocked at any time by the Sun. In addition to this, we are going to place equipment on Thor, which will enable us to use it as a communications satellite while it orbits Mars. This equipment could also be used for communication links during our journey to and from Mars.In the next slide, Dennis is going to give our reasons for choosing Charitum Montes as our landing site.
There are three main reasons why we chose Charitum Montes as our landing site. The first reason is that it is protected from sandstorms by the nearby mountains. This shelter is very useful because strong sandstorms could cause problems with our scientific equipment.The second reason is that we will probably find water in the nearby mountains. This is useful for the Green team because it is easier to create a base near water, and also for the Blue Team’s scientific studies. The scientific mission of the expedition is “To collect and test samples from Martian atmosphere and regolith and to search for water and life”, so it is easy to see why it would be useful to land near to water.The third reason is that there is a lot of scientific potential here. The landing site is on the edge of a crater where the chances of finding Martian cruse exposed are relatively high. This offers the opportunity to learn about the geological history or Mars. The same applies for the nearby mountains.To prevent contamination, everything will be steralised before we leave Earth. All samples we would take with us from Mars will be put in an isolation period before returning to earth. The combination of our stringent steralisation program, combined with the fact that the radiation levels on the surface of Mars are very high, means that it is extremely unlikely that any microorganisms could be left to contaminate the surface of Mars.
VASIMRMuch fasterVariable IspHigh thrust to change orbitHigh Isp for efficient travelVery real and possibleReliable, no moving partsHydrogen propellentCheap, common, light, efficientWorks by:3 stagesIonizing with Helicon radio freq. to create plasmaHeating with ICRH (ion cyclotron resonance heating) radio freq. to heat plasmaConverting to momentum with mag. NozzleMag. Fields guide plasma using magnetic coilsUses MUCH less fuelUses MUCH more energy~200MWNeed nuclear power generation to meet requirementsH and mag. Field can protect from radiation.
Thank you Luca.Apart from the Moon’s regolith that was mentioned by Alyssa, the major components of Thor are Beryllium-Aluminium Alloys manufactured on Earth. These alloys are particularly suited because of their low density and high stiffness.As a team, we were also in charge of the interior design of the living quarters of Thor. These living quarters are made up of two cylinders attached to the sides of the command module. Each one is 3.25m in diameter and 10m long, which gave us 82.96m3 of space in each to work with. Because of microgravity effects, we could design the interior with a 3D concept. In the first capsule we have the medical level, and 2 bedroom levels with 2 bedrooms in each. The bathroom and excersise machines are on the next level, and on the last level (right next to the command module) we have the conference/leisure room. Each level is 2 metres long. The second capsule is mainly food and supply storage with a small space where the water station and similar kitchen gadgets can be kept.After the landing craft has been reunited with Thor, we will return to Earth in much the same way as we left. Around midway between Earth and Mars, Thor will turn around and decelerate. When we reach Earth we will dock on the Space Station which will be in orbit in 2036 and the astronauts and samples will be recovered and returned to Earth in an Orion capsule. Thor itself will remain in orbit and be refueled and adapted for future missions.