2. Global Health Initiatives and the Millenium Development Goals Global Health Initiatives,
What is it?
Global health Initiatives(GHIs)
Are humanitarian initiatives that raise and disburse additional funds to
infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria for
immunization and for strengthening health systems in developing countries.
They support global interventions through global health initiatives with a
strong sense of purpose and great ambition and that is to save lives.
3. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO)
It is a specialized agency of United Nations responsible for international
public health Takes the lead in Global Health Initiatives. Its main objectives is
the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health. With Global
Health Initiatives assistance to different countries and the concerted efforts of
each government, world health is possible.
4. Global Health Initiatives and the Millenium Development Goals
Millenium Development Goals(MDGs) – Are the world’s time bound and
quantified targets for addressing extreme poverty in many angles. The eight
international development goals are the following:
1. To eradicate extreme powerty and hunger.
2. To achieve universal primary education.
3. To promote gender equality and empower women.
4. To reduce child morality.
5. To improve maternal health.
6. To combal HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and other diseases.
7. To ensure environmental sustainability.
8. To develop a global partnership for development.
5. Global Health Initiatives and the Millenium Development Goals
The MDGs are interdependent;all the MDGs influence health and health
influences all the MDGs. For instance, better health enables children to learn and
adults to earn. Gender equality is also essensial to the attainment influences, but
also depends on, better health.
Developed countries and international organizations give assistance to
developing countries in different ways. With a clear set of objectives and targets, they
plan to achieve a “global partnership for development” by doing the following:
-Support fair trade
-Debt relief
-Increasing aid
-Access to affordable essential medicine
-Encouraging technology transfer.
6. Major Global Health Initiatives
Global Health Initiatives(GHIs) were established to tackle increasing
global health threats,reduce disparities withing communities and between
nations and contribute to a world where people live healthier, safer, and
longer lives.
GHIs in their mission to save lives brought not only new resources,
ideas, energy, and mechanisims. GHIs also brought new challenges to funds
harmonization to link global goals with local actions. That is in the fight
against disease, death and malnutrition in the developing world.
7. Disease Prevention and Control
The Global Alliance for Vaccination and Immunization(GAVI) is a global
health partnership of public and private sector organizations dedicated to
“immunization for all.” GAVI was launched in 2000, at a time when the
destributions o vaccines to children in the poorest parts of the world had begun
to weaken.
This initiative is based on the premise that immunization is the key
element of public health, a prerequisite to economic and social development and
a crucial element in enabling every child to reach hisher full physical and
intellectual potential. It has five strategic objectives such as:
-Improve access to sustainable immunization services.
- Expand the use of all existing safe and cost-effective vaccines.
- Accelerate the introduction of new vaccines.
- Strengthen research efforts on vaccines and related products specifically
needed by developing countries.
8. Tobacco Control
The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), marked the first
time that the WHO went so far as to enact its international legel powers to
address the problem. In terms of drug control treaties, the WHO FCTC asserts
the importance of demand reduction strategies as well as supply issues. It is a
treaty to address the halth, social environment, and economic consequences of
tobacco consumption and exposure to tobacco consumption and exposure to
tobacco smoke worldwide.
The global approach to tobacco control adopted by WHO and its partners
offers a powerful example of an integrated, cross-sectoral strategy.
9. Harmful Use of Alcohol Global Strategy to Reduce Harmful Use of
Alcohol
The harmful use of alcohol is a serious health problem, which affects
practically all individuals on an international scale. Health problems from
dangerous alcohol use arise in the form of acute and chronic conditions, and
adverse social consequences are common when they are associated with alcohol
consumption. The harmful use of alcohol resulted to the following:
- It is the third leading risk factor for poor health globally.
- It can have devastating effects on individuals and their families.
- It contributes to 3 million deaths each year globally as well as to the
disabilities and poor health of millions of people. Overall, harmful use of
alcohol is responsible for 5.1% of the global burden of disease.
- It can seriously affect community life.
10. Global Mental Health Action Plan 2013-2020
WHO’s comprehensive mental health action plan for 2019-2020 has now been
adopted by the 66th World Health Assembly. The action plan is the outcome of extensive
global and regional consultations with a broad array of stakeholders including 135 member
states, 60 WHO CCs and other academic ceters, 76 NGO’s, and other 17 stakeholders and
experts. The four major objectives of the action plan are to:
-Strengthen effective leadership and governance for mental health
-Provide comprehensive, integrated and responsive mental health and social care service in
community-based settings.
-Implement strategies for promotion and prevention in mental health.
-importance of promotion and preventionactivities like preventing suicide or suicidal
thoughts.
11. Significance of Global Health Initiatives
Global health plays a increasingly crucial role in the security of the world
population. As the world and its economies becomes increasingly globalized, it
is necessary to think about health in global context. Rarely a week goes by
without a headline about the emergence or re-emergence of an infectious
disease or other health threat somewhere in the world. Global Health Initiatives
with their funds, ideas, energy, and mechanism can play an important role in
lessening and eventually solving global health threats.
In the following slide will be the short background and accomplishment reports
of MDGs after 15 years of implementation:
12. The report of United Nations on MDG’s accomplishments are as follows:
1. Since 1990, the number of people living in extreme poverty has declined by
more that half, falling from 1.9 billion in 1990 to 83.6 million in 2015.
2. The proportion of undernourished people in developing regions has fallen by
almost half since 1990.
3. The primary school enrollment rate in the developing regions has reached
91%, and many more girls are now in school compared to 15 years ago.
4. Gender parity in primary school has been achieved in the majority of
countries.
5. Remarkable gains have also been made in the fight against HIV/AIDS
6. The under-five morality rates have declined by more that half, and maternal
morality is down 45% worldwide.
13. The report of United Nations on MDG’s accomplishments are as follows:
7. Globally, 147 countries have met the MDGs drinking water target, 95
countries have met the MDGs sanitation target, and 77 countries have met
both.
8. Official development assistance from developed countries increased 66
percent in real terms from 2000 and 2014, reaching $135.2 billion.
The final MDGs report supports the goal-setting, can lift millions of people
out of poverty, empower women and girls, improve health and well-being, and
provide new chances for better lives.
World Health Organization(WHO) believes that the weak health systems
are most certainly the greatest impediment to better health in the world today.
They are thet central obstacle that blunts the power of global health initiatives.
This weak health system must be the focus of improvement now.
