The document discusses the importance and use of the theodolite, an instrument used by surveyors to measure angles and distances, describing its setup process which involves placing it on a tripod over a marked point, leveling it, and turning it on to take angular measurements at stations by rotating its horizontal and vertical axes. It also lists the key parts of the theodolite and provides an example of how it is used to determine horizontal angles between stations in a survey.

1. The TheodoliteCivil EngineerSergio Andres Gonzalez Barrera Section “M” ID: 201114078TechnicalEnglish

2. The importance of the theodoliteThe importance of the theodolite is that is necessary use this instrument to determine angles, distances, depths, etc. To know how the ground is and how to construct there.

3. What is it?The theodolite is an useful tool by the surveys. The instrument is capable of finding both vertical and horizontal angles, and when is combined with technical studies also can determinate horizontal distances and a differentiation elevations.

4. Setup of the theodolite!First, the survey team puts a mark in the floor, this point will be the vertex of the angle that will be determined and this point will be the station “A”.Then, the survey team places the tripod over the station “A”, opening the feet and secure them.

5. Setup of the theodolite!Next, the survey team takes out the theodolite of its case and adapts it over the tripod with the screw and then elevates the theodolite up to survey’s eyes. The theodolite has to stay exactly over the mark of the floor; this can be possible putting a plumb tied with a fine wire below the theodolite and stays on the point.

6. The survey must observe through the optical plummet to make sure the mark is centered.To end the leveling of the theodolite is necessary to be leveled the tree bubble levels with the level’s screws.Setup of the theodolite!

7. Turning on!First put the batteries in its place, then turn on the theodolite and last, take the cover of the lens.

8. Make a survey First, measure the height between the floor and the mark that is in one side of the theodolite with a rod or a tape measure. This point will be a reference to the other stations. Next, place a person with the rod at the station “B” to determine the angle. This take place when the surveyor moves the theodolite horizontally and the vertical axis, for lower movements is necessary to use the vertical tangent screw and the horizontal tangent screw.

9. Make a surveyThen, when the angle appears in the screen write the number, then press the button twice and the screen will show 0’00’00’’.Note: write the upper stadia and the lower stadia to make studies latter.

10. This will be our initial point, and then the survey determinates point “C” in the same way, moving the axis focusing the point in the rod. And in the screen will appear the horizontal angle “B”A”C”. Finally, proceed to turn the vertical and horizontal axis 180 ͦ and make the process again in the points “B” and “C”. Make a survey

11. This is the process to determine the horizontal angle.Angles:

12. The parts of the theodoliteCarrying Handle: is where the theodolite is carried by the surveys.

13. Vertical Clamp: is used when measuring vertical angles.