The document discusses the ethical issues around using medical data obtained unethically, such as from Nazi experiments on concentration camp prisoners. While this data could potentially save lives today, it was obtained without consent and caused immense suffering. There are reasonable arguments on both sides. On one hand, using the data honors the victims and ensures their suffering wasn't in vain, but it also risks encouraging future unethical experiments. Overall, there is no clear consensus on whether or how such data could or should be used.
Kiosk-Style Slide Presentation with some interactivity presented at Purdue University Teaching, Learning, and Technology Conference 2003. Must download to fully experience.
Ethics in Clinical Research and Historical Perspective of Nazi Trials, Nuremb...ShantanuThakre3
What is Ethics ?
The word ‘ethics’ is derived from the Greek word,
ethos, which means custom or character. Ethics is
the systematic study of values, so as to decide
what is right and what is wrong. Ethics is concerned
with what is good for individuals and society.
What is Clinical Research ?
Clinical Research is a branch of healthcare science that determines the safety and effectiveness of medications, devices, diagnostic products and treatment regimens intended for human use. These may be used for prevention, treatment, diagnosis or for relieving symptoms of a disease.
Importance of Ethics in Clinical Research :-
1. Ethics is important in clinical research because it keeps the researcher from committing errors while seeking knowledge and truth.
2. Ethical guidelines for clinical research were formulated only after discovery of inhumane behavior with participants during research experiments.
3. In clinical research human beings are involved, as opposed to animals, atoms or asteroids, as the object of study.
4. It focuses on improving human health and well-being, typically by identifying better methods to treat, cure or prevent illnesses.
5. The Ethics Committee stands as the bridge between the researcher and the ethical guidelines of the country
The Tuskegee syphilis experiment was an infamous clinical study conducted between 1932 and 1972 by the U.S. Public Health Service to study the natural progression of untreated syphilis in rural African American men who thought they were receiving free health care from the U.S. government
Nazi human experimentation was a series of controversial medical experiments on large numbers of prisoners by the German Nazi regime in its concentration camps during World War II. Prisoners were coerced into participating: they did not willingly volunteer and there was never informed consent. Typically, the experiments resulted in death, disfigurement or permanent disability
Pr. Peivand Pirouzi - Protection of Human Subjects in Therapeutic Recreation Research in Canada. Publication, All rights reserved
#peivandpirouzi #training #canada #pirouzi #international #funding #immigrants #refugees #canada #immigration #education
The term sulfonamides also known as (sulphonamides, sulfa drugs or sulpha drugs) are used for are a group of drugs ranging in clinical use from antibacterial to diuretic activity that share the sulfonamide functional group.
Chemically, the sulfonamide functional group is -S (=O)2-NH2 , i.e. a sulfonyl group connected to an amine group.
The original sulfonamides were synthetic antimicrobial agents but now newer groups have been developed from them .
.The journey of these drugs is a remarkable one and their discovery represents one of the important breakthroughs of medicine of the 20th century
Tuskegee Tests
Provides information as to the REASONS why the FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION, JUDICIAL COMPLAINTS and CONGRESSIONAL COMPLAINTS Filed by Vogel Denise Newsome are being OBSTRUCTED from being PROSECUTED!
Garretson Resolution Group appears to be FRONTING Firm for United States President Barack Obama and Legal Counsel/Advisor (Baker Donelson Bearman Caldwell & Berkowitz) which has submitted a SLAPP Complaint to OneWebHosting.com in efforts of PREVENTING the PUBLIC/WORLD from knowing of its and President Barack Obama's ROLE in CONSPIRACIES leveled against Vogel Denise Newsome in EXPOSING the TRUTH behind the 911 DOMESTIC TERRORIST ATTACKS, COLLAPSE OF THE WORLD ECONOMY, EMPLOYMENT violations and other crimes of United States Government Officials. Information that United States President Barack Obama, The Garretson Resolution Group, Baker Donelson Bearman Caldwell & Berkowitz, and United States Congress, etc. do NOT want the PUBLIC/WORLD to see. Information of PUBLIC Interest!
One of the most honest and important talks I have heard and therefore I also do give audience! Awesome doctors who dare to speak an with that opening the discussion too!!
Kiosk-Style Slide Presentation with some interactivity presented at Purdue University Teaching, Learning, and Technology Conference 2003. Must download to fully experience.
Ethics in Clinical Research and Historical Perspective of Nazi Trials, Nuremb...ShantanuThakre3
What is Ethics ?
The word ‘ethics’ is derived from the Greek word,
ethos, which means custom or character. Ethics is
the systematic study of values, so as to decide
what is right and what is wrong. Ethics is concerned
with what is good for individuals and society.
What is Clinical Research ?
Clinical Research is a branch of healthcare science that determines the safety and effectiveness of medications, devices, diagnostic products and treatment regimens intended for human use. These may be used for prevention, treatment, diagnosis or for relieving symptoms of a disease.
Importance of Ethics in Clinical Research :-
1. Ethics is important in clinical research because it keeps the researcher from committing errors while seeking knowledge and truth.
2. Ethical guidelines for clinical research were formulated only after discovery of inhumane behavior with participants during research experiments.
3. In clinical research human beings are involved, as opposed to animals, atoms or asteroids, as the object of study.
4. It focuses on improving human health and well-being, typically by identifying better methods to treat, cure or prevent illnesses.
5. The Ethics Committee stands as the bridge between the researcher and the ethical guidelines of the country
The Tuskegee syphilis experiment was an infamous clinical study conducted between 1932 and 1972 by the U.S. Public Health Service to study the natural progression of untreated syphilis in rural African American men who thought they were receiving free health care from the U.S. government
Nazi human experimentation was a series of controversial medical experiments on large numbers of prisoners by the German Nazi regime in its concentration camps during World War II. Prisoners were coerced into participating: they did not willingly volunteer and there was never informed consent. Typically, the experiments resulted in death, disfigurement or permanent disability
Pr. Peivand Pirouzi - Protection of Human Subjects in Therapeutic Recreation Research in Canada. Publication, All rights reserved
#peivandpirouzi #training #canada #pirouzi #international #funding #immigrants #refugees #canada #immigration #education
The term sulfonamides also known as (sulphonamides, sulfa drugs or sulpha drugs) are used for are a group of drugs ranging in clinical use from antibacterial to diuretic activity that share the sulfonamide functional group.
Chemically, the sulfonamide functional group is -S (=O)2-NH2 , i.e. a sulfonyl group connected to an amine group.
The original sulfonamides were synthetic antimicrobial agents but now newer groups have been developed from them .
.The journey of these drugs is a remarkable one and their discovery represents one of the important breakthroughs of medicine of the 20th century
Tuskegee Tests
Provides information as to the REASONS why the FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION, JUDICIAL COMPLAINTS and CONGRESSIONAL COMPLAINTS Filed by Vogel Denise Newsome are being OBSTRUCTED from being PROSECUTED!
Garretson Resolution Group appears to be FRONTING Firm for United States President Barack Obama and Legal Counsel/Advisor (Baker Donelson Bearman Caldwell & Berkowitz) which has submitted a SLAPP Complaint to OneWebHosting.com in efforts of PREVENTING the PUBLIC/WORLD from knowing of its and President Barack Obama's ROLE in CONSPIRACIES leveled against Vogel Denise Newsome in EXPOSING the TRUTH behind the 911 DOMESTIC TERRORIST ATTACKS, COLLAPSE OF THE WORLD ECONOMY, EMPLOYMENT violations and other crimes of United States Government Officials. Information that United States President Barack Obama, The Garretson Resolution Group, Baker Donelson Bearman Caldwell & Berkowitz, and United States Congress, etc. do NOT want the PUBLIC/WORLD to see. Information of PUBLIC Interest!
One of the most honest and important talks I have heard and therefore I also do give audience! Awesome doctors who dare to speak an with that opening the discussion too!!
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
2. Why?
• What is the motivation that makes people devoid
humanity, commit atrocities?
• What kind of enticement changes the hunger of
knowledge into the surrogates of demon?
3. • If the value of these atrocities could be the
stepping stone to praise and respect of all human
kinds, lead to a historical fame, WOULD YOU DO
IT?
4. Definition?
• Eponym:
• an item which provides a name-source for a
particular place, tribe era, discovery, or other
item to be named
• an item which acts as a name-recipient
5. Examples?
• Pernkopf Atlas of Human Anatomy
• Eduard Pernkopf (1888-1955)
• ‘Pernkopf organized for the bodies of over a
thousand people executed by the Gestapo to
serve as models for the atlas drawings’
6. • Reiter’s disease, Reiter’s spirochete, Reiter’s test
• Hans Conrad Julius Reiter (1881-1969)
• ‘During World War II, Reiter, a physician leader of
the Nazi party, authorised medical experiments
on concentration camp prisoners’
7. • Wegener’s granulomatosis
• Friedrich Wegener (1907-1990)
• ‘While no firm proof exists, it is suspected that in
his capacity as pathologist in the Lodz ghetto,
Wegener may have been involved in atrocities at
that site related to research’
9. • However, these behaviours not only happens when
the dictator rampaged, when the war was
committed, THEY ARE STILL HAPPENING…
10. Solutions?
• Deprive the name of medical terms of these human
right abusers, prevent them from being recognised
by all human kind?
• Consider the neutrality of subjective datas acquired
through unethical methods, prevent them from
utilisation or publication?
12. • ‘Removal of such names attached to medical
syndromes is not trivial, and should also be
considered by the international Helsinki Committee
as appropriate action under circumstances of
unethical medical practice and thus rooted in
proper medical nomenclature.’
13. Data neutrality?
• According to the restrictions nowadays, it’d be
impossible for scientists to conduct experiments on
living human, lead to the unbreakable threshold of
current obstacles
• Hypothermia (Pozos’ Chilling Dilemma), Phosgene
(EPA Research on Air Pollution),etc.
14. • If the experiments are conducted against humanity,
are the results reliable or usable?
• Simply ‘Data’ or ‘Auschwitz bar of soap’?
15. • During WWII, Nazi doctors and scientists
performed a series of medical and other
experiments on concentration-camp inmates.
• They undertook these studies without consent of
the patients, who were often left maimed or dead at
the end of the ordeal.
• These experiments include: high altitude, freezing,
sterilization, twins, poison, TB, seawater, etc.
The Ethics of Using Medical
Data from Nazi Experiments
16. • Many feel that findings from those studies should
never be published or used.
• However, what if these data might be potentially
save the lives today?
• WOULD YOU TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THEM?
17. Cons?
• Medical competence of the Nazi doctors has been
questioned
• Hippocratic Oath ‘…I will use treatment to help the sick according to my
ability and judgment, but never with a view to injury and wrongdoing…’
• Many in the medical and scientific communities
consider the Nazi experiments bad science
• Malnourished experimentees, biased aspirations, un-replicated
experiments, tainted experiments
18. • Set a dangerous precedent, sanctioning unethical
human experiments and possibly encouraging
similarly deplorable acts
• For other experiments against humanity but Nazi experiments, if
researchers cite and use results from the latter, might that not give tacit
encouragement to further unethical studies using human beings?
• Using the data would make us the Nazi
experimenters’ moral accessories
• Making use of the data wrenched so brutally from helpless victims make
us the victims’ “retrospective torturers” and them our “retrospective
guinea pigs”
19. • Many survivors of the Nazi experiments feel
strongly that the data should never be used
• Some survivors of Dr. Josef Mengele’s twins experiments “ No! No! No! I
(we) suffered, and it is no ‘medical data’ or ’information’ whatsoever!!!”
• A huge number of victims of the experiments
suffered
• Obviously, the hundreds of thousands of who died at the hands of Nazi
death-camp doctors cannot tell their story of unfathomable fear,
unbearable pain, and senseless death.
20. Pros?
• Not publishing and/or using the date could
strengthen the arguments of those who say the
Holocaust never happened
• Most scholars, whether or not they advocate using the Nazi data, hold
that the fact that the experiments happened should never forgotten, lest
such atrocities recur.
• Such data could not be obtained today
• Hypothermia expert Dr. Robert Pozos never let a participant’s temperature
drop more than 3.6°F (below 95°F), but Nazi experimenters let their
victims’ interior body temperatures drop to 79.7°F
21. • Many deem information morally neutral
• The results of Nazi experiments can only be judged scientifically, not
morally; data are neither good nor bad, they are just data.
• The data under morally usage might help save lives
or benefit people today
• Scientists and physicians have gained valuable insights from other horrific
events in history. should we consider the Nazi data any differently?
22. • Many survivors of the medical experiments feel the
data should be used
• Some survivors of Dr. Josef Mengele’s twins experiments “If these
experiments will be of any help to humanity, then I am in favour of them
being used as needed”
• Not using the data lend a belated dignity to the
victims, so that their lives were not lost for nothing
• Lucien A. Ballin “The suffering is done - let someone benefit from all the
pain”
24. Reference
• Wikipedia: List of medical eponyms with Nazi associations
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
List_of_medical_eponyms_with_Nazi_associations
• Eponyms and the Nazi Era: Time to Remember and Time for
Change http://www.ima.org.il/FilesUpload/IMAJ/0/45/22885.pdf
• Nazi Medical Experimentation: The Ethics of Using Medical Data
from Nazi Experiments https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/
Judaism/naziexp.html
• Results of Death-Camp Experiments: Should They Be Used?
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/holocaust/experiintro2.html