The antisocial gap between the educated and uneducated, rich and poor, urban and rural is reduced by bringing together students of all such levels, in the NSS camps. It helps to strength to the spirit national integration. Development of rural India was Mahatma Gandhi's dream. Even after 50 years of independence we cannot say with certainty which rural India has developed. Illiteracy, Poverty, Superstition, Hygiene, Drinking water, etc., are the various problems still faced by rural population. Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali ""The Role of NSS towards Student in Higher Education"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-4 , June 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23564.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/23564/the-role-of-nss-towards-student-in-higher-education/dr-syed-azaz-ali-amjad-ali
Talk on Yoga for holistic wellness (salutogenesis) by Prof KR Sethuraman, Vice Chancellor Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth on the occasion of the International Symposium on Yoga and wellbeing organised by CYTER at SBVU on 12 August 2016.
Yogacharya Dr Ananda Balayogi Bhavanani's talk on "Power of Pranayama" for SBV Yoga Fest 2016 organised by CYTER at Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Pondicherry, India.
www.sbvu.ac.in/ahs/yoga
Yoga is an ancient philosophy originating from India that combines physical exercises, meditation, and spirituality to achieve harmony between the mind and body. There is evidence yoga has been practiced for over 5,000 years. There are several types of yoga including Bhakti yoga focusing on devotion, Dhyana yoga focusing on meditation, and Hatha yoga focusing on physical exercises and action. Yoga works to increase blood flow and oxygen supply throughout the body, giving each part more energy and increasing work capacity. Regular yoga practice can help relieve, reverse, and heal ailments to achieve complete physical, mental, spiritual, and social wellbeing.
Yoga is an ancient Indian practice that combines physical, mental, and spiritual disciplines to achieve harmony of the body and mind. There are four main streams of yoga: karma yoga focuses on selfless service, bhakti yoga emphasizes devotion, raja yoga concentrates on meditation, and jnana yoga centers around wisdom. Key components of yoga include asanas (physical postures), pranayama (breathing techniques), and meditation. Common asanas described in the document include uttanasana, ardha chakrasana, and simhasana. Pranayama techniques like anuloma viloma, sheethali, and bhramari are beneficial for relaxation, cooling the body, and improving memory
Concept of Prāṇa and Prāṇāyāma in Tri-Shiki-Brahmana Upanishad saibabachitikila2
The Tri-Shiki-Brahmana Comprehensively describes the evolution, position, functioning, and course of Prana and the rules, procedure, outcomes, and destruction of diseases through Pranayama were explained as the fourth step of Astanga Yoga.
The document discusses Jnana yoga, which is the yoga of gnostic knowledge or intuitive-philosophical searching. Jnana yoga involves viveka, which is metaphysical discernment between the real and unreal. It also involves vairāgya, which is renunciation of all worldly and heavenly objects. The key aspects of Jnana yoga are sama, dama, uparati, titiksa, samadhana, sraddha, sravana, manana, and nididhyasana - which relate to tranquility, self-restraint, mind-control, endurance, contemplation, faith, listening, reflection, and meditation.
Yoga can play an important role in the prevention and management of lifestyle disorders. Some key points:
1. Yoga is a holistic practice that focuses on physical exercise, diet, relaxation, and relationships. It aims to improve physical, mental, and spiritual health.
2. Yoga techniques like asanas, pranayamas, and meditation can help reduce stress, inflammation, blood pressure, heart rate and improve mood, sleep, and metabolic health. This reduces risk factors for conditions like diabetes, cardiovascular disease.
3. Integrating yoga with modern medicine through lifestyle changes, stress management, and physical postures/breathing can help prevent and manage lifestyle disorders in a comprehensive way. More research
The Guru Granth Sahib is the holy scripture of Sikhism which was compiled by Guru Arjan Dev in 1604. It is treated as the eternal living Guru and contains the teachings of the 10 Sikh Gurus as well as other saints. All Sikh religious activities revolve around reciting from the Guru Granth Sahib. It preaches the oneness of God, equality of all people and gender, and living a virtuous life of honest work, sharing with others, and remembering God at all times.
Talk on Yoga for holistic wellness (salutogenesis) by Prof KR Sethuraman, Vice Chancellor Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth on the occasion of the International Symposium on Yoga and wellbeing organised by CYTER at SBVU on 12 August 2016.
Yogacharya Dr Ananda Balayogi Bhavanani's talk on "Power of Pranayama" for SBV Yoga Fest 2016 organised by CYTER at Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Pondicherry, India.
www.sbvu.ac.in/ahs/yoga
Yoga is an ancient philosophy originating from India that combines physical exercises, meditation, and spirituality to achieve harmony between the mind and body. There is evidence yoga has been practiced for over 5,000 years. There are several types of yoga including Bhakti yoga focusing on devotion, Dhyana yoga focusing on meditation, and Hatha yoga focusing on physical exercises and action. Yoga works to increase blood flow and oxygen supply throughout the body, giving each part more energy and increasing work capacity. Regular yoga practice can help relieve, reverse, and heal ailments to achieve complete physical, mental, spiritual, and social wellbeing.
Yoga is an ancient Indian practice that combines physical, mental, and spiritual disciplines to achieve harmony of the body and mind. There are four main streams of yoga: karma yoga focuses on selfless service, bhakti yoga emphasizes devotion, raja yoga concentrates on meditation, and jnana yoga centers around wisdom. Key components of yoga include asanas (physical postures), pranayama (breathing techniques), and meditation. Common asanas described in the document include uttanasana, ardha chakrasana, and simhasana. Pranayama techniques like anuloma viloma, sheethali, and bhramari are beneficial for relaxation, cooling the body, and improving memory
Concept of Prāṇa and Prāṇāyāma in Tri-Shiki-Brahmana Upanishad saibabachitikila2
The Tri-Shiki-Brahmana Comprehensively describes the evolution, position, functioning, and course of Prana and the rules, procedure, outcomes, and destruction of diseases through Pranayama were explained as the fourth step of Astanga Yoga.
The document discusses Jnana yoga, which is the yoga of gnostic knowledge or intuitive-philosophical searching. Jnana yoga involves viveka, which is metaphysical discernment between the real and unreal. It also involves vairāgya, which is renunciation of all worldly and heavenly objects. The key aspects of Jnana yoga are sama, dama, uparati, titiksa, samadhana, sraddha, sravana, manana, and nididhyasana - which relate to tranquility, self-restraint, mind-control, endurance, contemplation, faith, listening, reflection, and meditation.
Yoga can play an important role in the prevention and management of lifestyle disorders. Some key points:
1. Yoga is a holistic practice that focuses on physical exercise, diet, relaxation, and relationships. It aims to improve physical, mental, and spiritual health.
2. Yoga techniques like asanas, pranayamas, and meditation can help reduce stress, inflammation, blood pressure, heart rate and improve mood, sleep, and metabolic health. This reduces risk factors for conditions like diabetes, cardiovascular disease.
3. Integrating yoga with modern medicine through lifestyle changes, stress management, and physical postures/breathing can help prevent and manage lifestyle disorders in a comprehensive way. More research
The Guru Granth Sahib is the holy scripture of Sikhism which was compiled by Guru Arjan Dev in 1604. It is treated as the eternal living Guru and contains the teachings of the 10 Sikh Gurus as well as other saints. All Sikh religious activities revolve around reciting from the Guru Granth Sahib. It preaches the oneness of God, equality of all people and gender, and living a virtuous life of honest work, sharing with others, and remembering God at all times.
The document provides instructions for practicing pranayama or yoga breathing exercises. It recommends practicing in the morning in a dry, well-ventilated room without distractions. Some key points covered include cleaning the nostrils before practice, waiting 10 minutes after before eating, avoiding excessive talking, eating or sleeping on practice days. It also recommends starting with exhaling slowly and inhaling without retention and gradually increasing the retention time over weeks. Practitioners should feel comfortable and not experience discomfort, and should increase their practice time to 15 minutes regularly for best results.
This document provides information about naturopathy and its relationship to yoga. It discusses the five basic principles of nature - prithvi, apa, tej, vayu, and akash. It explains the aims and philosophy of naturopathy, as well as its history. Various naturopathy treatments are described, including mud therapy, water therapy, sunlight, air, and space. It notes limitations of naturopathy and similarities between naturopathy and yoga practices.
Gandhi was concerned with environmental issues even 100 years ago. As an environmentalist, he believed in a simple lifestyle, truth, non-violence and harmony between nature and humanity. His view was that nature provides enough for everyone's needs, but not unlimited greed. Modern civilization over-exploits nature for wealth and pleasures at the cost of communities and the environment. Gandhi advocated returning to villages in harmony with nature over urbanization and industrialization. Environmental movements in India like Chipko used Gandhian non-violence and conflict resolution to protect nature from injustice and degradation.
The document discusses the history and concepts of yoga. It provides definitions of yoga from different perspectives such as spiritual, social, and scientific. Some key concepts covered include the different paths of yoga like raja, jnana, karma, and bhakti yoga. The document also discusses the benefits of yoga for physical, mental, and spiritual health. It notes that long-term daily practice of yoga can lead to stability and strength. Some common misconceptions about yoga are also addressed.
Shatkarma – 6 yoga cleansing techniques & their benefitsSanjeevaniKayaShodha
Yoga includes shatkarma and asanas. In the age-old practice in India, yoga has been practiced for its curative benefits and preventative measure, protecting mind and body, while uplifting the spirit. A full yoga session should exercise every part of the body. Yoga consists of Shathkarma, Asana, Pranayam, and Meditation.
1. The document provides an overview of Indian philosophy, covering the six orthodox schools (shad darshana) of Hindu philosophy - Nyaya, Vaisheshika, Sankhya, Yoga, Purva Mimamsa, and Uttara Mimamsa (Vedanta).
2. It describes the key principles of each school, including their views on the nature of reality, the relationship between soul and world, and the path to liberation (moksha).
3. The schools are also compared in terms of their similarities, such as their belief in rebirth, karma, and liberation as the ultimate goal. Their differences, like Sankhya's non-the
1) Yoga practices such as pranayama, asanas, kriyas and relaxation techniques can help improve respiratory disorders by strengthening the lungs and relaxing the respiratory muscles.
2) Specific practices like neti kriya, anu nasika pranayama, and kunjal kriya help clear mucus and open the nasal passages and sinuses. Deep yogic breathing practices like pranava pranayama target different parts of the lungs.
3) Research shows that yoga is an effective adjunct therapy for respiratory conditions like COPD and asthma, improving symptoms, quality of life, and decreasing medication use. Yoga breathing safely increases oxygen levels and reduces stress on
The document reviews the Bhagavad Gita and discusses its relevance for management. It summarizes that the Bhagavad Gita was delivered by Krishna to Arjuna on a battlefield to boost his morale and provide spiritual enlightenment. It also imparted lessons on self-management, conflict management, and transformational leadership. Some key management principles discussed in the text include self-management, mind management, and commitment to duty without attachment. Overall, the document argues that modern managers can benefit from the philosophical guidance of the Bhagavad Gita in developing skills like leadership, motivation, and effective human resource management.
Vipassana is an ancient Buddhist meditation technique that focuses on self-observation and purification of the mind. It aims to dissolve mental impurities through understanding the deep connection between the mind and body, resulting in a balanced, compassionate mind and the highest happiness of full liberation. Taught in 10-day residential courses around the world, Vipassana is open to all sincere people and focuses on curing human suffering through an unbroken lineage dating back to the Buddha.
Bihar is a state located in eastern India. It has a population of over 100 million and a literacy rate of around 62%. The state has 38 districts and is prone to frequent flooding from rivers like the Ganges and Kosi. Agriculture is the primary occupation in Bihar, with over 75% of the workforce involved in farming. However, several cities in Bihar like Patna, Gaya, and Muzaffarpur are also highly polluted due to particulate matter in the air. Floods and air pollution are major issues affecting the state.
Estimation of water of crystallization in Mohr’s salt by titrating with stand...Mithil Fal Desai
This document provides instructions for an experiment to estimate the water of crystallization in Mohr's salt by titrating a sample with standardized potassium permanganate solution. Key steps include preparing standardized KMnO4 and analyzing a Mohr's salt sample by titration. The percentage of iron found will be used to determine the number of water molecules in the salt's chemical formula based on values in a provided table.
The document provides an introduction to yoga, describing it as a spiritual discipline originating in India thousands of years ago that focuses on bringing harmony between the mind and body. It then discusses the history of yoga, including its origins with Shiva as the first yogi. The eight limbs of yoga are outlined according to Patanjali, including yamas, niyamas, asanas, pranayama, pratyahara, dharana, dhyana, and samadhi. The document then focuses on asanas (yoga postures), describing their history and purposes. Specific asanas that are beneficial for students' daily lives are defined, including virasana, matsyasana, bhu
Patanjali's Yoga Sutra outlines the classical yoga philosophy and practice. It defines yoga as the cessation of mind fluctuations through disciplined practice and detachment. The text describes the eight limbs of ashtanga yoga - yama, niyama, asana, pranayama, pratyahara, dharana, dhyana, samadhi - which when practiced lead to stillness of body and mind, control of senses, one-pointed concentration, absorption and ultimately liberation of the true self from identification with mind and body. The goal of yoga is to realize the seer's true nature by disentangling consciousness from matter through yoga's transformative practices.
Yoga has many definitions but generally refers to joining the soul to the divine or the practice of concentration and meditation to attain supernatural powers. It is described as a bridge between science and spirituality that compresses one's evolution into a short period of focused practice. Key sources define yoga as the cessation of mind movements, joining the individual soul to the universal soul, calming the mind, education and character building, skillful action, unknotting the mind to reach deeper consciousness, a state where the senses are steadily held, and yoking all the powers of body, mind and soul to God. Yoga is considered an art, science and philosophy that transforms the mind in tune with the soul to master both internal and external
for download visit www.biowalesir.com YOGA introduction and lifestyle.
from history to present included ashtang yoga also hath yoga practices and benefits yoga
This document provides an overview of past, present, and future yoga research. It discusses early pioneers of yoga research in India who studied the physical aspects. More recent trends include an increased number of randomized controlled trials published in peer-reviewed journals studying both the physical and mental health benefits of various yoga practices. However, challenges remain in fully capturing the multidimensional nature of yoga and avoiding reducing it to isolated physical techniques. The document calls for more basic research focusing on yoga's core concepts and mechanisms beyond just the physical level.
This document discusses various concepts and techniques related to concentration (dharana) and meditation (dhyana) in yoga. It provides details on how to begin practicing concentration through focusing on physical objects, mental imagery, mantras, or specific points in the body. Proper preparation is emphasized through physical and mental exercises to develop neuromuscular control and stillness before attempting more advanced practices. Gazing (trataka) and visualization exercises are presented as aids to developing one-pointed focus of the mind.
Status of Higher Education in India: Achievement and Challengesijtsrd
Higher education is an important part of the era of science and technology. In modern world, it plays an important role to transform human beings into modern human resources. Immense increase in Higher education institutions is also a challenge to our government. In India, a number of the higher educational institutions are not well mapped out, maximum which are not providing the quality education. There are many drawbacks in our higher education system, as a result many problems are faced by the students as well as teachers and common people. Under certain circumstances it is seen that access and equity is a big challenge to the government. The paper highlights the attainments and challenges in higher education and tries to find out the problems in the light of some aspects. Dr. Nain Singh | Prem Pal"Status of Higher Education in India: Achievement and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-1 , December 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd5882.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/5882/status-of-higher-education-in-india-achievement-and-challenges/dr-nain-singh
This document provides an introduction to India's National Education Policy of 2020. It discusses the goals of providing universal access to quality education and developing skills needed for the future like critical thinking, creativity, and multidisciplinary learning. It emphasizes making pedagogy more experiential and learner-centered. The policy aims to develop all aspects of learners, not just cognitive skills, and prepare them for employment while building character. It seeks to bridge the gap in learning outcomes through major reforms. The goal is to have one of the world's best education systems by 2040 with equitable access to high-quality education. The policy draws from India's rich educational traditions and aims to address 21st century needs through revamping the entire education
The document provides instructions for practicing pranayama or yoga breathing exercises. It recommends practicing in the morning in a dry, well-ventilated room without distractions. Some key points covered include cleaning the nostrils before practice, waiting 10 minutes after before eating, avoiding excessive talking, eating or sleeping on practice days. It also recommends starting with exhaling slowly and inhaling without retention and gradually increasing the retention time over weeks. Practitioners should feel comfortable and not experience discomfort, and should increase their practice time to 15 minutes regularly for best results.
This document provides information about naturopathy and its relationship to yoga. It discusses the five basic principles of nature - prithvi, apa, tej, vayu, and akash. It explains the aims and philosophy of naturopathy, as well as its history. Various naturopathy treatments are described, including mud therapy, water therapy, sunlight, air, and space. It notes limitations of naturopathy and similarities between naturopathy and yoga practices.
Gandhi was concerned with environmental issues even 100 years ago. As an environmentalist, he believed in a simple lifestyle, truth, non-violence and harmony between nature and humanity. His view was that nature provides enough for everyone's needs, but not unlimited greed. Modern civilization over-exploits nature for wealth and pleasures at the cost of communities and the environment. Gandhi advocated returning to villages in harmony with nature over urbanization and industrialization. Environmental movements in India like Chipko used Gandhian non-violence and conflict resolution to protect nature from injustice and degradation.
The document discusses the history and concepts of yoga. It provides definitions of yoga from different perspectives such as spiritual, social, and scientific. Some key concepts covered include the different paths of yoga like raja, jnana, karma, and bhakti yoga. The document also discusses the benefits of yoga for physical, mental, and spiritual health. It notes that long-term daily practice of yoga can lead to stability and strength. Some common misconceptions about yoga are also addressed.
Shatkarma – 6 yoga cleansing techniques & their benefitsSanjeevaniKayaShodha
Yoga includes shatkarma and asanas. In the age-old practice in India, yoga has been practiced for its curative benefits and preventative measure, protecting mind and body, while uplifting the spirit. A full yoga session should exercise every part of the body. Yoga consists of Shathkarma, Asana, Pranayam, and Meditation.
1. The document provides an overview of Indian philosophy, covering the six orthodox schools (shad darshana) of Hindu philosophy - Nyaya, Vaisheshika, Sankhya, Yoga, Purva Mimamsa, and Uttara Mimamsa (Vedanta).
2. It describes the key principles of each school, including their views on the nature of reality, the relationship between soul and world, and the path to liberation (moksha).
3. The schools are also compared in terms of their similarities, such as their belief in rebirth, karma, and liberation as the ultimate goal. Their differences, like Sankhya's non-the
1) Yoga practices such as pranayama, asanas, kriyas and relaxation techniques can help improve respiratory disorders by strengthening the lungs and relaxing the respiratory muscles.
2) Specific practices like neti kriya, anu nasika pranayama, and kunjal kriya help clear mucus and open the nasal passages and sinuses. Deep yogic breathing practices like pranava pranayama target different parts of the lungs.
3) Research shows that yoga is an effective adjunct therapy for respiratory conditions like COPD and asthma, improving symptoms, quality of life, and decreasing medication use. Yoga breathing safely increases oxygen levels and reduces stress on
The document reviews the Bhagavad Gita and discusses its relevance for management. It summarizes that the Bhagavad Gita was delivered by Krishna to Arjuna on a battlefield to boost his morale and provide spiritual enlightenment. It also imparted lessons on self-management, conflict management, and transformational leadership. Some key management principles discussed in the text include self-management, mind management, and commitment to duty without attachment. Overall, the document argues that modern managers can benefit from the philosophical guidance of the Bhagavad Gita in developing skills like leadership, motivation, and effective human resource management.
Vipassana is an ancient Buddhist meditation technique that focuses on self-observation and purification of the mind. It aims to dissolve mental impurities through understanding the deep connection between the mind and body, resulting in a balanced, compassionate mind and the highest happiness of full liberation. Taught in 10-day residential courses around the world, Vipassana is open to all sincere people and focuses on curing human suffering through an unbroken lineage dating back to the Buddha.
Bihar is a state located in eastern India. It has a population of over 100 million and a literacy rate of around 62%. The state has 38 districts and is prone to frequent flooding from rivers like the Ganges and Kosi. Agriculture is the primary occupation in Bihar, with over 75% of the workforce involved in farming. However, several cities in Bihar like Patna, Gaya, and Muzaffarpur are also highly polluted due to particulate matter in the air. Floods and air pollution are major issues affecting the state.
Estimation of water of crystallization in Mohr’s salt by titrating with stand...Mithil Fal Desai
This document provides instructions for an experiment to estimate the water of crystallization in Mohr's salt by titrating a sample with standardized potassium permanganate solution. Key steps include preparing standardized KMnO4 and analyzing a Mohr's salt sample by titration. The percentage of iron found will be used to determine the number of water molecules in the salt's chemical formula based on values in a provided table.
The document provides an introduction to yoga, describing it as a spiritual discipline originating in India thousands of years ago that focuses on bringing harmony between the mind and body. It then discusses the history of yoga, including its origins with Shiva as the first yogi. The eight limbs of yoga are outlined according to Patanjali, including yamas, niyamas, asanas, pranayama, pratyahara, dharana, dhyana, and samadhi. The document then focuses on asanas (yoga postures), describing their history and purposes. Specific asanas that are beneficial for students' daily lives are defined, including virasana, matsyasana, bhu
Patanjali's Yoga Sutra outlines the classical yoga philosophy and practice. It defines yoga as the cessation of mind fluctuations through disciplined practice and detachment. The text describes the eight limbs of ashtanga yoga - yama, niyama, asana, pranayama, pratyahara, dharana, dhyana, samadhi - which when practiced lead to stillness of body and mind, control of senses, one-pointed concentration, absorption and ultimately liberation of the true self from identification with mind and body. The goal of yoga is to realize the seer's true nature by disentangling consciousness from matter through yoga's transformative practices.
Yoga has many definitions but generally refers to joining the soul to the divine or the practice of concentration and meditation to attain supernatural powers. It is described as a bridge between science and spirituality that compresses one's evolution into a short period of focused practice. Key sources define yoga as the cessation of mind movements, joining the individual soul to the universal soul, calming the mind, education and character building, skillful action, unknotting the mind to reach deeper consciousness, a state where the senses are steadily held, and yoking all the powers of body, mind and soul to God. Yoga is considered an art, science and philosophy that transforms the mind in tune with the soul to master both internal and external
for download visit www.biowalesir.com YOGA introduction and lifestyle.
from history to present included ashtang yoga also hath yoga practices and benefits yoga
This document provides an overview of past, present, and future yoga research. It discusses early pioneers of yoga research in India who studied the physical aspects. More recent trends include an increased number of randomized controlled trials published in peer-reviewed journals studying both the physical and mental health benefits of various yoga practices. However, challenges remain in fully capturing the multidimensional nature of yoga and avoiding reducing it to isolated physical techniques. The document calls for more basic research focusing on yoga's core concepts and mechanisms beyond just the physical level.
This document discusses various concepts and techniques related to concentration (dharana) and meditation (dhyana) in yoga. It provides details on how to begin practicing concentration through focusing on physical objects, mental imagery, mantras, or specific points in the body. Proper preparation is emphasized through physical and mental exercises to develop neuromuscular control and stillness before attempting more advanced practices. Gazing (trataka) and visualization exercises are presented as aids to developing one-pointed focus of the mind.
Status of Higher Education in India: Achievement and Challengesijtsrd
Higher education is an important part of the era of science and technology. In modern world, it plays an important role to transform human beings into modern human resources. Immense increase in Higher education institutions is also a challenge to our government. In India, a number of the higher educational institutions are not well mapped out, maximum which are not providing the quality education. There are many drawbacks in our higher education system, as a result many problems are faced by the students as well as teachers and common people. Under certain circumstances it is seen that access and equity is a big challenge to the government. The paper highlights the attainments and challenges in higher education and tries to find out the problems in the light of some aspects. Dr. Nain Singh | Prem Pal"Status of Higher Education in India: Achievement and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-1 , December 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd5882.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/5882/status-of-higher-education-in-india-achievement-and-challenges/dr-nain-singh
This document provides an introduction to India's National Education Policy of 2020. It discusses the goals of providing universal access to quality education and developing skills needed for the future like critical thinking, creativity, and multidisciplinary learning. It emphasizes making pedagogy more experiential and learner-centered. The policy aims to develop all aspects of learners, not just cognitive skills, and prepare them for employment while building character. It seeks to bridge the gap in learning outcomes through major reforms. The goal is to have one of the world's best education systems by 2040 with equitable access to high-quality education. The policy draws from India's rich educational traditions and aims to address 21st century needs through revamping the entire education
This document is the National Education Policy 2020 from the Ministry of Human Resource Development in India. It lays out a new vision and framework for education in India across early childhood, school, higher, vocational, adult and online education. Some key points:
- It proposes a new 5+3+3+4 school education structure replacing the 10+2 structure to better focus on early childhood education from ages 3-6.
- It emphasizes developing skills like critical thinking, problem solving, creativity and multidisciplinary learning to prepare students for the future. Curriculum and pedagogy should be more holistic, integrated and learner-centered.
- It aims to improve access to education for all by focusing on
This document provides an introduction to India's National Education Policy of 2020. It discusses the goals of providing universal access to quality education and developing skills needed for the future like critical thinking, creativity, and multidisciplinary learning. It emphasizes making pedagogy more experiential and learner-centered. The policy aims to develop all aspects of learners, not just cognitive skills, and prepare them for employment while building character. It draws from India's rich educational traditions and aims to have an education system second to none by 2040 with equitable access for all. Key reforms proposed include improving teachers, governance, access for marginalized groups, and aligning education with local and global needs while respecting India's diversity.
NEP 2020 recognizes that the vocational education is perceived to be inferior to mainstream education. Hence, this policy aims to overcome the social status hierarchy associated with vocational education and requires integration of vocational education programmes into mainstream education in all education institutions in a phased manner. Towards this, secondary schools will also collaborate with ITIs, polytechnics, local industry, etc. Skill labs will also be set up and created in the schools in a hub and spoke model which will allow other schools to use the facility.
Improving the quality of education across all levels from primary to university level is a continuous and ongoing process. Several initiatives are currently being undertaken in this direction. The SamagraShiksha, an integral scheme for School Education as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme is being implemented and aims to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education at all levels of school education. It envisages the ‘school’ as a continuum from pre-school, primary, upper primary, secondary to senior secondary levels.In higher education also, various schemes, namely, RashtriyaUchchatarShikshaAbhiyan (RUSA), Scheme for promotion of Academic and Research Collaboration (SPARC), Global Initiative for Academics Network (GIAN), Impacting Research, Innovation & Technology (IMPRINT), Technical Education Quality Improvement Programme (TEQIP), Study Webs of Active-Learning for Young Aspiring Minds (SWAYAM), National Digital Library, campus connect programme, UchhatarAvishkarAbhiyan, Unnat Bharat Abhiyan, Impactful Research in Social Sciences (IMPRESS), Atal Ranking of Institutions on Innovation Achievements (ARIIA), National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) are being implemented to improve the quality of higher education. A number of initiatives are also undertaken by UGC and AICTE for quality improvement in higher and technical education.
This document is the National Education Policy 2020 from the Ministry of Human Resource Development in India. It lays out a new vision and framework for education in India across early childhood, school, higher, vocational, adult and online education. Some key points:
- It proposes a new 5+3+3+4 school education structure replacing the 10+2 structure to better focus on early childhood education from ages 3-6.
- It emphasizes the importance of foundational literacy and numeracy, critical thinking, experiential learning, flexibility, multidisciplinarity and holistic education.
- It aims to improve access, equity and inclusion across all levels of education. Quality teachers are seen as central to
This document provides an introduction to India's National Education Policy of 2020. It discusses the goals of providing universal access to quality education and developing skills needed for the future like critical thinking, creativity, and multidisciplinary learning. It emphasizes making pedagogy more experiential and learner-centered. The policy aims to develop all aspects of learners, not just cognitive skills, and prepare them for employment while building character. It seeks to bridge the gap in learning outcomes through major reforms. The goal is to have one of the world's best education systems by 2040 with equitable access to high-quality education. The policy draws from India's rich educational traditions and aims to address 21st century needs through revamping the entire education
This document is the National Education Policy 2020 from the Ministry of Human Resource Development in India. It lays out a new vision and framework for education in India across early childhood, school, higher, vocational, adult and online education. Some key points:
- It proposes a new 5+3+3+4 school education structure replacing the 10+2 structure to better focus on early childhood education from ages 3-6.
- It emphasizes developing skills like critical thinking, problem solving, creativity and multidisciplinary learning to prepare students for the future. Curriculum and pedagogy should be more holistic, integrated and learner-centered.
- It aims to improve access to education for all by focusing on
This document is the National Education Policy 2020 from the Ministry of Human Resource Development in India. It lays out a new vision and framework for education in India across early childhood, school, higher, vocational, adult and online education. Some key points:
- It proposes a new 5+3+3+4 school education structure replacing the 10+2 structure to better focus on early childhood education from ages 3-6.
- It emphasizes developing skills like critical thinking, problem solving, creativity and multidisciplinary learning to prepare students for the future. Pedagogy needs to shift from rote learning to more holistic and learner-centered approaches.
- Teachers are recognized as central to reforming the education
This document provides an introduction to India's National Education Policy of 2020. It discusses the goals of providing universal access to quality education and developing skills needed for the future like critical thinking, creativity, and multidisciplinary learning. It emphasizes making pedagogy more experiential and learner-centered. The policy aims to develop all aspects of learners, not just cognitive skills, and prepare them for employment while building character. It draws from India's rich educational traditions and aims to have an education system second to none by 2040 with equitable access for all. Key reforms proposed include improving teachers, governance, access for marginalized groups, and aligning education with local and global needs while respecting India's diversity.
This document provides an introduction to India's National Education Policy of 2020. It discusses the goals of providing universal access to quality education and developing skills needed for the future like critical thinking, creativity, and multidisciplinary learning. It emphasizes making pedagogy more experiential and learner-centered. The policy aims to develop all aspects of learners, not just cognitive skills, and prepare them for employment while building character. It draws from India's rich educational traditions and aims to have an education system second to none by 2040 with equitable access for all. Key reforms proposed include improving teachers, governance, access for marginalized groups, and aligning education with local and global needs while respecting India's diversity.
This document is the National Education Policy 2020 from the Ministry of Human Resource Development in India. It lays out a new vision and framework for education in India across early childhood, school, higher, vocational, adult and online education. Some key points:
- It proposes a new 5+3+3+4 school education structure replacing the 10+2 structure to better focus on early childhood education from ages 3-6.
- It emphasizes developing skills like critical thinking, problem solving, creativity and multidisciplinary learning to prepare students for the future.
- It aims to improve access to education for all by 2030 in line with UN Sustainable Development Goals.
- It focuses on improving teacher
This document is the National Education Policy 2020 from the Ministry of Human Resource Development in India. It lays out a new vision and framework for education in India across early childhood, school, higher, vocational, adult and online education. Some key points:
- It proposes a new 5+3+3+4 school education structure replacing the 10+2 structure to better focus on early childhood education from ages 3-6.
- It emphasizes foundational literacy and numeracy, holistic and multidisciplinary learning, flexibility, creativity and life skills. Pedagogy should be more experiential and learner-centered.
- It aims to improve access, equity and inclusion across all levels of education. Teachers
This document is the National Education Policy 2020 from the Government of India. It lays out a new vision and framework for education in India across early childhood, school, higher, and lifelong learning. Some key points:
- It proposes a new 5+3+3+4 school structure to better align learning from ages 3-18, with a strong focus on early childhood education from ages 3-6.
- It emphasizes developing holistic, multidisciplinary, flexible, and enjoyable learning. Pedagogy should shift from rote learning to more conceptual understanding, creativity, and critical thinking.
- Teachers are recognized as central to reform, and the policy aims to improve their recruitment, training, working conditions and
Multidisciplinary approach to education in undergraduate studies dr swati mishraDrSwatiMishra2
This document discusses the need for multidisciplinary education in undergraduate studies in India. It notes that India's current education system has rigid boundaries between disciplines. This has negative effects, such as engineering graduates lacking real-world skills. The document advocates for a return to India's historical holistic education system, which incorporated many subjects. It provides examples of current multidisciplinary initiatives in India and abroad. The document concludes by arguing multidisciplinary education will help prepare students for an evolving job market and allow them to remain lifelong learners.
This document summarizes Sanjaya Mishra's lecture on teachers, technology, and transformation delivered at SNDT Women's University in Mumbai. Some key points:
1) Mishra discusses three approaches to using technology in learning - learning from technology, learning in technology, and learning with technology. He argues learning with technology, where students actively create with technology, is most effective.
2) Mishra urges teachers to consider their role in social transformation through appropriately using technology to improve student learning. Teacher educators have a significant role to play in facilitating this.
3) Universities must create enabling environments for open access to research, open educational resources, and appropriate social media use to facilitate educational transformation processes
Indian higher education system, growth and regulatory bodies, Governance and role of Vice chancellors, Autonomy, University industry linkage,problems and lacunae of Indian Higher education .
This document discusses the implications of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industrial Revolution 4.0) for education systems and proposes changes needed in education to prepare students. It finds that curricula must develop students' academic, life, and social skills as well as their ability to think critically and creatively. Curricula also need to focus on STEM fields and skills like data literacy, technology literacy, and human literacy. Teachers require competencies in technology use, globalization, entrepreneurship, and counseling. Education systems should utilize open learning platforms and technology to enable personalized, hands-on, project-based learning anywhere and anytime.
Recently, there has been a concern in many parts of the world about the teaching strategies employed at higher education institutions (HEI). Empirical evidence shows that pedagogical practices affect the student engagement and academic excellence. Despite progress on the new innovative pedagogies globally, Somaliland HEI are still struggling with the old didactic teaching method which impedes students lifelong learning and future endeavors. Traditional teaching methods of HEI in Somaliland prevented students to unleash their potentials. Guided by the human capital theory, this study examined the status of lecturers’ application to modern pedagogical practices. The 35 lecturers at the University of Hargeisa, Somalia from the different faculties who had received postgraduate diploma in education provided by the university participated in this study. Employed by micro-teaching observation protocol of quantitative research design, the study found out lecture method as the most prevalent in their teaching practicum, with very low student cognitive engagement, inconsistencies with the instructional behavior and inadequate instructional aids. The study therefore proposed a cooperative jigsaw method as a veritable strategy for effective classrooms and better student engagement. The study recommends Somaliland higher education to adopt the policies, guidelines and regulations that guide the universities across the country.
This document discusses issues, challenges, and suggestions related to higher education in India. It notes that while India has developed a large higher education system since independence, it still faces problems in areas like quality, inclusion, and resources. The document reviews literature on holistic education and experiential learning approaches. It recommends that higher education adopt experiential learning, address societal issues like gender inequality, improve teacher-student relationships, use technology effectively, and focus on quality and industry connections. Suggestions include moving toward a learning society, improving incentives for teachers, using innovative practices, mobilizing more resources, and adopting student-centered dynamic teaching methods.
Similar to The Role of NSS towards Student in Higher Education (20)
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
How to Setup Default Value for a Field in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, we can set a default value for a field during the creation of a record for a model. We have many methods in odoo for setting a default value to the field.
A Free 200-Page eBook ~ Brain and Mind Exercise.pptxOH TEIK BIN
(A Free eBook comprising 3 Sets of Presentation of a selection of Puzzles, Brain Teasers and Thinking Problems to exercise both the mind and the Right and Left Brain. To help keep the mind and brain fit and healthy. Good for both the young and old alike.
Answers are given for all the puzzles and problems.)
With Metta,
Bro. Oh Teik Bin 🙏🤓🤔🥰
THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...indexPub
The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥
إضغ بين إيديكم من أقوى الملازم التي صممتها
ملزمة تشريح الجهاز الهيكلي (نظري 3)
💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀
تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
1- مُترجمة ترجمة تُناسب جميع المستويات
2- تحتوي على 78 رسم توضيحي لكل كلمة موجودة بالملزمة (لكل كلمة !!!!)
#فهم_ماكو_درخ
3- دقة الكتابة والصور عالية جداً جداً جداً
4- هُنالك بعض المعلومات تم توضيحها بشكل تفصيلي جداً (تُعتبر لدى الطالب أو الطالبة بإنها معلومات مُبهمة ومع ذلك تم توضيح هذهِ المعلومات المُبهمة بشكل تفصيلي جداً
5- الملزمة تشرح نفسها ب نفسها بس تكلك تعال اقراني
6- تحتوي الملزمة في اول سلايد على خارطة تتضمن جميع تفرُعات معلومات الجهاز الهيكلي المذكورة في هذهِ الملزمة
واخيراً هذهِ الملزمة حلالٌ عليكم وإتمنى منكم إن تدعولي بالخير والصحة والعافية فقط
كل التوفيق زملائي وزميلاتي ، زميلكم محمد الذهبي 💊💊
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A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two HeartsSteve Thomason
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.pptHenry Hollis
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
Creative Restart 2024: Mike Martin - Finding a way around “no”Taste
Ideas that are good for business and good for the world that we live in, are what I’m passionate about.
Some ideas take a year to make, some take 8 years. I want to share two projects that best illustrate this and why it is never good to stop at “no”.
2. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
@ IJTSRD | Unique Paper ID - IJTSRD23564 | Volume – 3 | Issue – 4 | May-Jun 2019 Page: 50
Learning supplies in the 21st century will need to adopt
new ways to meet the changing demands of their clients
and to maximise the potential of new delivery
techniques.
Government in the 21st century will need to play an
active role in supporting the learning infrastructure, but
should not attempt to control the learning agenda.
Learning in the 21st century will need to be collaborative
enterprise.
The universities must stoutly meet these challenges of the
21st century and then only the lost path to education can be
found again.
Objectives of Extension
Extension is an English term. In French it is called
Vulgarization and in Encouragement the German it is called
berater.
Swamsen and Carehavedefined extensionasfollows:
“Extension is an educational process, communicating useful
information to people, helping them to learn howtouseit, to
build a better life for themselves, their families and their
communities”.
Gandhiji visualized the extension of knowledge of the
universities to the community. To make his vision true,
numerous commissions and experts recommended some
kind of service to be rendered by the students to the
community and some kind of institutional mechanism to
facilitate optimum utilization of education for the welfare of
the community.
UGC
UGC is a policy frame on higher education, recognized
extension as the third dimension of higher educationsystem,
in addition to teaching and research. It declares that of the
university system has to discharge adequately its
responsibilities is the entire education system and is the
society and a whole, it must assume extension as the third
important responsibility and give it the same status as
research and training. This is a new and extremely
significant area which should be developed on the basis of
high priority. Extension education tries to developtheSocial
behaviour of the people, their different groups and the intra
and interrelationship of these Social groups. Extension
education is a teaching and learning process. It provides an
increased amount of useful information and understanding.
In general the concept of extension education is used in
educating people.
History of NSS
In the pre-independence period it was a dream of Mahatma
Gandhi that students should utilize the leisuretimeavailable
to them during education for service to the nation.
Dr Radhakrishnan, Chairman of University Grants
Commission established after independence also expressed
his view that in educational institution students should
voluntarily do national service. In January 1950, the central
advisory committee for education recommended that the
students should voluntarily devote some time for physical
labour and the teachers should also cooperateintheactivity.
The central government in 1952 in its first five year plan
suggested that the students should devoteone yearforsocial
work and physical labour.
The then Prime Minister Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru in 1958
instructed the Education Ministry to prepare ausefulplan to
start National Service in the educational institutions and
accordingly on 28th August 1959 under the chairmanshipof
Dr C D Deshmukh National Service Committee was
constituted. The committee suggestedthat the college
students will have to render compulsorily their services to
the nation for one year. In 1960 on the instructions of the
Central Government Service Scheme of a few countries
submitted a report title, “National Services for the Youth”.
Chairman of the committee Dr. Daulatsingh Kothari (1964-
66) recommended that students at all levels should be
included in the social service programme. In 1967 in its
National educational policyof theGovernmentof Indiait was
decided that work experienceand National Serviceshouldbe
made a part of education.
In May 1969 in the joint meeting of theMinistryofEducation
and UGC it was accepted that National Service could be an
effective medium for national integration. Accordinglyinthe
4th five year plan NSS was accepted as a pilot scheme and
was started in a few chosen institutes and universities. On
24th September 1969, the Central Minister for education Dr.
VK Rao inaugurated the NSS which was started in 37
universities in India with 40,000 volunteers by coincidence
the scheme was started on the birth centenary of Mahatma
Gandhi.
Importance of NSS
In addition the knowledge received by the college students,
in order to develop their personality through physical
labour, service, character and renouncement and to give
them an experience of practical life, this programme has
distinct role in college and social field. The realisation that
my knowledge, my labour, my energy is not for me alonebut
it is important for you and the entire society, the feeling of
“Not me but you” is developed and instead of craving for
money , power and selfish motivestheyounggeneration isto
give lessons of renouncement and service by this
programme and hence it is important NSS has a special plan
which enables the student to receive information of all
components of the society and creates awareness towards
his social obligations . The true picture of poverty and
leadership of the village life can be seen and experienced by
the youth who participate in this activity. This makes their
personality more carrying, creative and progressive.HenceI
consider this activity entirely valuable.
NSS is an activity through which the university makes a
welcome effort to reach the society. We believe that the
university should not restrict its work to education and
research only, but should also make continual efforts for the
progress of the common masses. With this thought the
university is implementing numerous activities and NSS is
one such important activity.
NSS is not an extra-curricular activity in the true sense. It is
an activity to study people and life through active
participation in addition it is helpful in the vivid and clear
study of various fields of sciences. It is an organised withthis
view in mind, the college education will receive a new
dimension and through the communications and dialogue
between the university and the common man, social
transformation would be boosted.
NSS has been helpful in making the students aware of the
state of the society in our country. It is responsible to a large
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extent in moulding the character of the youth and also in
cultivating the values of love, compassion and courage in
them. The dedication with which the NSS volunteers render
service during national calamities is truly commendable.
NSS is an activity of the university which is full of
enthusiasm. The university should make it a source of
creative future Social reforms. NSS is an auspicious
beginning of education in the human religion.
Regular Programmes Conducted by NSS
Various subjects are learned and taught in the college.
Through this process the importantaim to moulddisciplined
and dutiful students is to be achieved. Simultaneously they
are expected to the aware of the various happening in the
social life. To achieve this purpose together with a various
educational activities, others programmes are also
organised. The idea is to create an all-round awareness in
the students and he should be alert about the present
situation. In this perspective NSS would be truly useful in
student empowerment.
The present educational system is expected to develop the
contemplative, mental and intellectual faculties of the
student. He much also have practical experience. After
leaving the university with a degree he facesmanyproblems
and difficulties. If he could have an idea of the difficulties
beforehand he would be able to face his future life with
courage. It is necessary that he understand the society of
which he is a part. If he understands the problems, needs
woes, of the society he would truly understand the meaning
of life.
Under the NSS basically two types of programmes are
conducted. The first type includes the regular activities and
the other type is special camps. The objective of both these
programmes is to have a direct interaction between the
student and the society and to coordinate the efforts of the
student for the progress of the society.
The NSS volunteer has to actively participate for 120 hours
in a year and this period according to the central NSS
regulations is classified as follows:
Volunteer Introduction and Instruction
This is necessary so that the volunteer understands,
background, aim, administrative hierarchy, objectives,
slogan, NSS symbol, NSS song, NSS day, programmes,
activities, camp etc. This information is given during the
inaugural ceremony of the NSS and other lectures. For this
purpose about 20 hours has to be utilized.
Activities in the Premises
30 hours are to be used for the development and cleanliness
of the college in which the volunteer studies. In this period,
playground preparation,gardening,surroundingcleanliness,
tree plantation and other innovative projects may be
included. This requires a well-planned working time table.
Social Work
The Volunteer is expected to devote the remaining 70 hours
for social work. This may be made of special camps in
adopted village, slum area cleanliness, village development
programmes.
Social work may be subdivided as follows:
Work in Associated Organizations
It is necessary to be associated and work with organization
serving in the field of child welfare, women welfare, old age
homes, institution for the handicappedetc.Itisexpected that
such Work would help is understand the problems of
children, women, aged persons and the handicapped and
also lend a mental support and entertain them. This would
require about 10 hours.
Village Projects and Village Development work
This chiefly includes the work is to be done in and adopted
village. This would pertain to removal of illiteracy, water
conservation, waste land cultivation, saving fund,
agricultural tasks, hygiene, malnutrition, cleanliness, family
welfare, education, cooperative movement, road
construction, superstition removal, tree plantation and
conservation, national integration andunity, Aidsawareness
etc.
The volunteer should devote 20 hours for this activity.
Urban Projects and Urban
Developmental Activity –
This includes specificallytheprogrammestobeconducted in
the urban area. These complete adult education, slum area,
Welfare plans, urban defence training, traffic control, basic
hygiene centre, help to hospital inmates, help to orphans,
environment control, population education, Aidsawareness,
freedom for addiction, self-employment etc. The volunteers
should devote 20 hours for these activities.
Service during National Calamity and National
Emergency
Service to the calamity affected people is expected from the
NSS volunteers. During times of floods, earthquake, storms,
famine the following should be done by the NSS volunteers.
Arrange for help to the calamity affected, resettlement of
affected people, procure government aid, and help to the
NGO’s for distribution of clothing, food and medicine.
Arrangement of rallies for donation, collection of relief funds
from school, colleges and other institutions, help to
government institutions and other such activities. 10 hours
should be devoted for the work.
National Day and Celebration
Active participation in National Day celebrationsisexpected
from NSS volunteers. The NSS calendarcontainsinformation
regarding important days and celebrations. This is done to
understand the importance and celebrations and create
awareness regarding Youth Day, National Youth Day,
Republic Day, Martyr Day, World Understanding Day,
Information Day, World Health Day, World Labour Day,
World Environment Day, World Population Day,
Independence Day, Teachers Day, NSS Day, Gandhiji Birth
Day, UNO Day, National Integration Day, Human Rights Day,
etc.
About 10 hours should be devoted for this activity in this
way the 120 hours of social service with some changes if
necessary is to be carried out.
Special Winter Camp
Special winter camp of continuous 10 days should be held in
village about 10 km. away from the college. On exceptional
cases, if the village is far away but if some innovative project
4. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) @ www.ijtsrd.com eISSN: 2456-6470
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can be implemented there or if the villagers request for such
camp, the same can be conducted with special permission.
The camp should be held effectively and aim of the camp
should be very clear.
Objectives of the Camp
To become familiar with the village life.
To understand the problems and difficulties of the
villagers.
To help and contribute to the developmentof the village.
To educate and enlighten the village people regarding
subjects like, Indian culture, superstition environment
balancing, population, democratic attitude etc.
Personality development of students through social
work.
To promote respect for labour and self-suffering.
To convey the information regarding government plans
and policies to the people.
To establish cooperation in between youth, social
welfare organizations and the government to prepare
new projects.
To construct roads and water conservation projects.
To indicate leadership qualities in the youth to prepare
local leadership so that it could help implementation of
long term projects.
To cultivate discipline,hygienevalues,socialalertnessin
the students.
To motivate the students and village youth is work in
cooperation with the villagers.
To search the dormant talents in the students, develop
their personality and to use their skills in different
projects.
To motivate the students in enthusiastically participate
democratically and with cooperation in national
integration and nation building.
In addition to the above objectives to implement the specific
aims and objectives as decided by the government such as
“Youth for eternal development” “Youth for hygienesociety”
“Youth for tree plantation and conservation” “Youth for
national integration and nationalwelfare” arethethemesfor
camps.
There should be close and developmental contacts between
the volunteers and people. The students should feel
enthusiastic to observe and actively protect natural wealth.
For example: Tree plantation, cleaning the streams and
lakes, cleaning the ponds and lakes which areresponsiblefor
ill health in villages etc. These activities are expected to be
conducted during winter camps.Inolder daystherishis used
to have “Shrama Yadnya” together with “Dnayana Yadnya”
nowadays there is no importance given to the “Shrama
Yadnya”. Those who are more educated feel were shy to
perform labour. NSS will help in reducing this shyness
towards labour and labour would be looked upon as
motivating rather than burdensome.
The antisocial gap between the educated and uneducated,
rich and poor, urban and rural is reduced by bringing
together students of all such levels,intheNSS camps. Ithelps
to strength to the spirit national integration.Developmentof
rural India was Mahatma Gandhi’s dream. Even after 50
years of independence we cannot say with certainty-which
rural India has developed. Illiteracy, Poverty, Superstition,
Hygiene, Drinking water, etc., are the various problems still
faced by rural population.
REFERENCE
[1] UGC, (2009). Higher Education in India: Issues Related
to Expansion, Inclusiveness, Quality and Finance, New
Delhi, UGC.
[2] Ranganathan, R. & Lakshmana Rao, S V. (2011).
Reformation of Higher Education in India: Quality
Concerns, University News.
[3] Barnett, Ronald. (1992), improving Higher Education:
Total Quality Care, Oxford, Oxford University Press.
[4] MHRD, (2009). Facing Global and LocalChallenges:The
Ne Dynamics for Higher Education, MHRD, New Delhi.
[5] AIU. Access and Equity in Higher Education (Selections
from University News-15), New Delhi.
[6] AIU Special Issue of University News (2010), Foreign
Providers in Indian Higher Education System.
[7] NKE, Report to the Nation, National Knowledge
Commission.
[8] ERNTS and FICCI. New Realities, New Possibilities:The
Changing Face of Indian Higher Education, New Delhi
ERNST and FICCI.