This document discusses classifications of dental risks. It outlines etiological risks such as risks of neglecting patients or personnel. Environmental risks on clinics and clinical risks on the environment are also examined. Risks are classified based on time relationships as instant, late, or relative. Marketing and medical special risks are also explored. The document then discusses challenges faced by Syrian dentists related to limited income and outdated insurance systems. It proposes legal and economic reforms to establish modern dental insurance in Syria to improve conditions for dentists and patients.

1. By:
University of Damascus Dr. Mahmoud Al-Jammal
Université de POITIERS
Supervisors:
Environmental Risk Management
DESS/MS Program Dr. Florent JABOUILLE
Dr. Thomas Rogaume
Dr. Jean-Claude Goudeau

3. Classifications Of Dental Risks
 Etiological Risks
 Risk – Time relationship
 Marketing Risks
 Medical Special Risks

4. Classifications Of Dental Risks
 Etiological Risks
 Risk of neglecting patients
 Risk of neglecting personnel
 Environmental risks on clinics
 Clinical Risk on environment

5. Classifications Of Dental Risks
 Etiological Risks
Risk of neglecting patients
 Health risks on the patient
 Marketing risks on the clinic
 Social risks on the general scale

6. Risk of neglecting personnel !!

7. Classifications Of Dental Risks
 Etiological Risks
Environmental risks on clinics
 The risk of external fire
 The risk of robbery
 Electrical risk . . . . .etc

8. Classifications Of Dental Risks
 Etiological Risks
Clinical risks on environment
 The absence of clinical waste
management
 The risk of polluting the general
network of waste water by liquid
chemicals
 The risk of air pollution with mercury
vapor (gas) inside the clinic

9. Classifications Of Dental Risks
 Risk – Time Relationship
Instant Risks
 Risk of infectious diseases
 Risk of contamination with clinical chemicals
 Most of the risks of negligence

10. Classifications Of Dental Risks
 Risk – Time Relationship
Late Risks
 Radiological Risks
 Risk of contamination with high levels of mercury
in the blood & liver
 Most of the marketing risks

11. Classifications Of Dental Risks
 Risk – Time Relationship
Relative Risks
The kind of risks which are classified safe to use, but most
likely may proven toxicity or dangerous in future studies .
 The use of Dental Amalgam
 The use of Eugenol, sense most of dentists around the
world use it daily, without knowing the very similar
chemical formulation between it and the phenolets,
which is cancroid (oncogenic) agent .

12. Dental Amalgam Dental Eugenol

13. Classifications Of Dental Risks
 Marketing Risks
 Before the Patient’s visit
 On the reception
 During the Dental Treatment
 On the Maintenance level

14. Classifications Of Dental Risks
 Medical Special Risks
 The risk of infection
 The Radiological risk
 The risk of contamination of applied
dental chemical materials

15. Radiological Risk
Please notice the absence of radiological safety measures !!

16. So my dear dentist, it is easy, just do the following :
 Establish a waste management System
 Accomplish a special waste water system
 Set up a clean air condition System
 Fulfill all the requirements of radiological safety
 Guarantee the satisfaction of all your patients
 Try to use alternative techniques than those which may cause
pollution or contamination
 Respect all the environmental aspects inside and outside your
clinic
 Do this. .
 Admit That. . .
 Commit these. . .
. . . . etc, etc, etc

17. Yes, Yes, Yes, of course, But HOW?!

18. Do you have any idea about how much I
suffer every day?!

19. I AM A SYRIAN DENTIST, NOT AN
AMERICAN, MY INCOME IS VERY LIMITED!!
Inquiry Results
70
60
50
40
Dentists
30
The income of 20
64% of our
10
sample is S.P.
0
20000-30000 10-20. 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70
S.P. X 1000

20. I AM A SYRIAN DENTIST, NOT AN
AMERICAN, MY INCOME IS VERY LIMITED!!
The monthly
income of the
ordinary Syrian
Inhabitant is
S.P. 4700

22. The Recent Status
 Syria is a social country, so we do not have private
insurance companies.
 The only available system does not serve all the
inhabitants, and suffers many passives
 The O.L.F. (Official List of Fees) is too old, and too
low.

23. There are so many of us!
Total count of Dentists & population per each
18000
16000
14000
12000
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
1970 1990 1999 2000
Total 376 3841 10694 11160
Population per dentis t 16768 3154 1506 1462

24. I smell a Domino Effect!
Legal Defect
Economical Defect
Social Defect
Moral Defect
Environmental Defect

25. What do you have in mind?
 Series of legal Modifications on the laws
organizing the Dental profession
 Establishing new organizing authorities
 Adoption of new legislations
 Implement a modern National Dental
insurance System

26. Prove It, in numbers!
Unit S.P.300
Number of patients 500 Patients
Monthly income S.P. 150000
Annual income Million S.P. 1.8
5 Years income Million S.P. 9.0
Loan without profits Million S.P. 2.5
Total loan Million S.P. 3.75
Monthly commitment S.P. 150000

27. So, after 7 years
Total loan S.P. 0
Administrative profit Million S.P. 1.25
Annual income Million S.P. 1.28
Monthly income S.P. 106667
Monthly income
before applying the S.P. 20000 - 30000
DIS
Rate of enlargement 3.55 – 5.33 times!!

28. Summary
You are no longer a poor Dentist, you are working well,
and doing just fine, We want to see a true risk
management procedures inside and out side your
clinic, Or ELSE . . . .

29. I never thought that I will reach
this slide alive, but if so . . . .
Thank you for listening
Dr. Mahmoud Al-Jammal