The document provides a summary and analysis of part 1 of Samuel Taylor Coleridge's poem "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner". It describes how the ancient mariner stops a wedding guest and begins telling his story. The summary then analyzes some of the poetic devices used in part 1, including anaphora, assonance, consonance, elision, imagery, onomatopoeia, oxymoron and personification.

1. ENGLISH PROJECT
WORK
CLASS-X ‘A’
MADE BY :
Kumari Sandhya
S. Shreya Rao

2. PART-I

3. ABOUT THE POET
SAMUEL TAYLOR COLERIDGE
Samuel Taylor Coleridge (KOHL-rihj), English
poet, critic, and philosopher, was born in
Ottery St. Mary, in Devonshire, in 1772. In
1782, at the death of his father, a Church of
England clergyman, he was sent to the
Christ’s Hospital school in London. After eight
years there he went to Jesus College,
Cambridge. Charles Lamb, who wrote an
essay about Coleridge as a boy, said that he
had a tendency to monopolize conversation
and was interested in metaphysical
discussions. His schoolfellows considered

4. Samuel Taylor Coleridge was justly
celebrated during his lifetime for his wide
learning and wonderful powers of
conversation, which competed personally
with devastating opium addiction, deep-
seated miseries, and emotional
insecurities. Yet he is also remembered
for his poetic gifts, which enabled him to
explore extraordinary worlds opened up
by creative powers, and his philosophical
inquiries, which attempted to account for
those worlds, those powers, and his own
complex self.

5. - It is an ancient Mariner,
And he stoppeth one of three.
"By thy long grey beard and glittering
eye,
Now wherefore stopp'st thou me?
An ancient mariner stops one of the three wedding-
guest. He has a long grey beard and glittering eyes.
The wedding- guest asks him why he has stopped
him.

6. "The Bridegroom's doors are opened
wide,
And I am next of kin;
The guests are met, the feast is set:
May'st hear the merry din."
 The bridegroom’s doors are now wide open to
welcome guests. The wedding- says that he is
bridegroom's close relative. The guests have come.
The feast is set. The joyful noise can be heard.

7. He holds him with his skinny hand,
"There was a ship," quoth he.
"Hold off! unhand me, grey-beard
loon!"
Eftsoons his hand dropt he.
 The ancient mariner holds the wedding- guest with
his skinny hand : he says “ there was a ship’’. The
wedding- guest asked him to free his hands. He
called him grey bearded mad person. The ancient
mariner at once dropped the wedding- guest’s
hand

8. He holds him with his glittering eye-
The Wedding-Guest stood still,
And listens like a three years child:
The Mariner hath his will.
• The ancient Mainer held the wedding- guest with
his shining eyes. The wedding- guest stood still. He
listened to mariner’s story like three year’s child.
The old sailor’s will prevailed.

9. The Wedding-Guest sat on a stone:
He cannot chuse but hear;
And thus spake on that ancient man,
The bright-eyed Mariner.
The wedding- guest sat on a stone. He
has no choice but to hear the mariner
continued narrating his story.

10. The ship was cheered, the harbour
cleared,
Merrily did we drop
Below the kirk, below the hill,
Below the light-house top.
• The ship was given a warm send- off from the
garbour. The mariners went happily by the side of
church, the hill and the lighthouse.

11. The Sun came up upon the left,
Out of the sea came he!
And he shone bright, and on the right
Went down into the sea.
 The sun came up from the left side, out of the sea.
It shone up brightly in the sky. It set into the sea on
the right in the evening.

12. Higher and higher every day,
Till over the mast at noon-
The Wedding-Guest here beat his
breast,
For he heard the loud bassoon.
 The sun went higher and higher till it stood on the
head at noon. The wedding-guest beat his breast
because he heard the bassoon being played.

13. The bride hath paced into the hall,
Red as a rose is she;
Nodding their heads before her goes
The merry minstrelsy.
 The bride had come into the hall. She was as red as
the rose. The singers and musicians went before
her nodding their heads.

14. The Wedding-Guest he beat his breast,
Yet he cannot chuse but hear;
And thus spake on that ancient man,
The bright-eyed Mariner.

15. And now the STORM-BLAST came,
and he
Was tyrannous and strong:
He struck with his o'ertaking wings,
And chased south along.
• Then there came the violent storm. It was very
strong and cruel. It stuck the ship like it had wings
and has overtaken it with force.it chased the ship
towards the south.

16. With sloping masts and dipping prow,
As who pursued with yell and blow
Still treads the shadow of his foe
And forward bends his head, And
forward
bends his head, The ship drove fast,
loud roared the blast,And southward
aye we fled.
• The ships' masts sloped and its front part dipped
into the sea. It went like ship which is chased by any
enemy with noise. It had bent its head. The ship
drove fast and the storm roared fearfully. The ship
was driven to the south.

17. And now there came both mist and
snow,
And it grew wondrous cold:
And ice, mast-high, came floating by,
As green as emerald.
• There came both mist and snow. It grew intensely
cold. Ice as high as the mast came floating near. It
looked as emerald.

18. And through the drifts the snowy clifts
Did send a dismal sheen:
Nor shapes of men nor beasts we ken—
The ice was all between.
• The moving of the ice- berg and its snowy steep
sides gave out a sad brightness . They didn’t see
any men or beasts. The ice was everywhere and all
round.

19. The ice was here, the ice was there,
The ice was all around:
It cracked and growled, and roared and
howled,
Like noises in a swound!
 The ice was everywhere and all round. It carcked,
growled, howled and roared like noises in a fainting
fit.

20. At length did cross an Albatross,
Thorough the fog it came;
As if it had been a Christian soul,
We hailed it in God's name.
 At last an albatross came to the ship through the
fog. The mariners welcomed it in god’s name as if it
has been a Christian soul.

21. It ate the food it ne'er had eat,
And round and round it flew.
The ice did split with a thunder-fit;
The helmsman steered us through!
 The albatross ate the food which it had never
eaten. It flew round and round the ship. The ice
split with a great sound. The helmsman drove the
ship through.

22. And a good south wind sprung up
behind;
The Albatross did follow,
And every day, for food or play,
Came to the mariner's hollo!
 There started a good south wind. The albatross
followed the ship. It came to the ship every day
either for food or for playing.

23. In mist or cloud, on mast or shroud,
It perched for vespers nine;
Whiles all the night, through fog-
smoke white,
Glimmered the white Moon-shine.'
 The albatross sat on mast or sail in misty or cloudy
weather. It came at 9pm and sat on the perch. The
white moonlight shone through for-smoke all the
night.

24. 'God save thee, ancient Mariner!
From the fiends, that plague thee
thus!—
Why look'st thou so?'—With my cross-
bow
I shot the ALBATROSS.
 The wedding- guest was frightened. He called the
god to save the ancient mariner from the devils
which were troubling him. He asked him why he
looked so. The mariner replied that he had shot the
albatross with his crossbow.

25. Poetic Devices used in the 1st
part
 Anaphora: The term anaphora refers to
a type of parallelism created when
successive phrases or lines begin with
the same words. The repetition can be
as simple as a single word or as long as
an entire phrase. For example in part 1,
line 27&28
 Below the Kirk ,below the Hill,

 Below the Light 'house top.
 Here, “below” is used as anaphora to
create a litany and rhyme.

26.  Assonance: It is the effect created when there
is a repetition of a vowel sound in stressed
syllables with different consonant sounds.
Assonance can be understood to be a kind of
alliteration. What sets it apart from alliterations
is that it is the repetition of only vowel sounds.
This effect is used widely throughout the ballad
to establish its rhythm. For example in part 1,
line 21-22 :
 The Ship was cheer’d ,the Harbour clear’d--
 Merrily did we drop
 Assonance appears in the long ‘e’ sound in
cheer ‘d’ and clear ‘d’.

27.  Consonance: Consonance refers to
repetition of sounds in quick succession
produced by consonants within a
sentence or phrase. The repetitive sound
is often found at the end of a word .
Consonance is the opposite of
assonance. For example in part 1, line
27-28:

And he shone bright, and on the right
 Went down into the Sea.
 The words ‘bright’ and ‘right’ have the
same last consonants, creating the effect
of consonance.

28.  Elision: Elision refers to the leaving
out of an unstressed syllable or vowel,
usually in order to keep a regular
meter in a line of poetry. It is the
deliberate omission of a sound
between two words. In Rime of the
Ancient Mariner, elision is used
repeatedly :
 It cracke’d and growled, and Roare’d
and howle’d,
 Like noises in a swound! (line 61-62)

29.  It ate the food it ne’er had eat,
 And round and round it flew. (67-68)
 The highlighted words are examples of
elision.
Imagery: In poetry, one of the strongest devices
is imagery when the poet uses words
and phrases to create ‘mental images’ for the re
ader. Imagery helps the reader to visualize and
hence more realistically experience the author’s
writings. The usage of descriptive words and
similes, amongst other literary forms, in order to
awaken the readers, sensory perceptions is
referred to as imagery. Imagery is not limited to
only visual sensations, but also refers to
sensations of taste, smell, touch and hearing as
well. For example
The ice was here, the ice was there
The ice was all around:

30.  The ice was here , the ice was there,
 Like noises in a swound !( 59-62)
 These lines appeal specifically to the
sense of sight and hearing when the ice
is described as cracking, growling,
roaring and howling noises.
 Onomatopoeia :
 The term refers to words whose very
sound is very close to the sound they
are meant to depict. In other words, it
refers to sound words whose
pronunciation to the actual sound or
noise they represent. For example

31.  It cracke’d and growle’d , and roared
and howle’d (line 61)
 The words in bold are onomatopoeia i.e.
when pronounced they portray the
sounds of actions they represent.
 Oxymoron: It allows the author to use
contradictory, contrasting concepts
placed together in a manner that actually
ends up making sense in a strange, and
slightly complex manner. An oxymoron is
an interesting literary device because it
helps to perceive a deeper level of truth
and explore different layers of semantics
while writing. For example:

32.  And now there came both mist and
snow, And it grew wondrous cold:
(51)
The phrase wondrous cold is an
oxymoron
 And through the drifts the snowy clifts
 Did send a dismal sheen: (55-56)
 ‘dismal sheen’ is the oxymoron used
in these lines.

33.  Personification : personification refers to
the practice of attaching human traits
and characteristics with inanimate
objects, phenomena and animals .
 The sun came up upon the left,
 Out of the sea came he!
 And he shone bright, and on the right
 Went down into the sea.
In these lines the sun personifies human
being.