The Rain Garden
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Government studies show that storm water runoff from human activities like fertilized lawns contributes to up to 70% of pollution in streams and lakes. Rain gardens were first thought of in 1990 but mimic natural watersheds, using plants and soil to collect and filter rain water runoff from rooftops and paved areas before it enters local water systems. To build an effective rain garden, one should dig a depressional area near the source of runoff to capture water, in a spot that receives full sunlight, with capacity sized based on the runoff surface and native water-tolerant plants.
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Water shortages are caused by many factors including dry climate and drought. In some places, the human population uses water at a faster rate than the water is replenished. 30% of the Earth’s land mass now experiences severe or extreme drought and 1 billion people lacked regular access to clean water for drinking, cooking, and washing.
Water Supplies
Aquifers, underground water supplies, are renewable as long as the groundwater doesn’t become contaminated and withdrawn too quickly. Most aquifers around the world, and in the largest food producing countries, are being used up quicker than their rate of replenishment. Dam and reservoir systems are used to capture and hold runoff water. The collected water can be released at need to control flooding, supply water for farming and cities, and to produce electricity. The use of dams and reservoirs has increased the amount of reliable surface runoff by one-third. Unfortunately, these systems also displace people, flood productive lands, and disrupt the ecological services rivers provide.
Tunnels, aqueducts, and underground pipes transfer runoff from dams and reservoirs to water-poor areas. These transfer systems can be wasteful and environmentally harmful by shrinking the water source as more is transferred to water-poor areas. Another option for freshwater is desalinization which involves removing salts from ocean or brackish water. Usually desalinization costs a lot because of the energy required; it also kills many marine organisms and creates salty.
Sem 2 bs1 storm water system
This document discusses stormwater systems and management. It begins by defining stormwater as rain and snowmelt running off surfaces into storm drains and waterways. As stormwater flows, it can pick up pollution. Large impervious surfaces from urban development increase runoff quantities and cause issues like flooding, erosion, and habitat loss. The document outlines how stormwater can impact human health, drinking water, and aquatic life if untreated. It then describes components of stormwater drainage systems like storm drains, catch basins, and pipes. Stormwater management aims to control runoff quantities and treat pollution using structural methods like retention ponds and green infrastructure before discharge. Factors like impervious surfaces and development practices affect stormwater and need
My chehalis watershed pledge 9 11 2014 (1)
The document discusses the Chehalis Watershed in Washington State. It is one of the largest watersheds in the state, covering 2,660 square miles. The Chehalis River flows through several towns for over 100 miles before emptying into the Pacific Ocean. There are 180 lakes, ponds, streams, and reservoirs in the watershed. The document encourages learning about, protecting, and enhancing the watershed.
South Carolina Rain Garden Manual
This document provides information about installing and maintaining rain gardens in South Carolina. It discusses how rain gardens work to reduce stormwater runoff and filter pollutants by allowing rainwater to slowly infiltrate the ground. The document provides guidance on siting, sizing, planting, and caring for rain gardens. Specific plant options for different regions of South Carolina are also listed, with information on their characteristics and suitability for rain gardens.
South Carolina Rain Garden Manual
Rain gardens are landscaped depressions that receive stormwater runoff, allowing it to slowly infiltrate into the groundwater. This helps reduce flooding, erosion, and pollution from stormwater runoff. Rain gardens should be sized to about 20-30% of the drainage area and deep enough (around 6 inches) to temporarily store runoff from a 1-inch rainfall. The soil must have proper drainage and permeability to allow infiltration. Rain gardens provide habitat and remove pollutants from stormwater runoff through various natural processes.
SC: How to Build a Rain Barrel Manual
This document provides information about installing and maintaining rain gardens in South Carolina. It discusses how rain gardens work to reduce stormwater runoff and filter pollutants by allowing rainwater to slowly infiltrate the ground. The document provides guidance on siting, sizing, planting, and caring for rain gardens. Specific plant options for different regions of South Carolina are also listed, with information on their characteristics and suitability for rain gardens.
Blu green infrastructure
The document discusses various techniques for collecting and reusing rainwater, including for irrigation, washing vehicles and outdoor areas, cooling systems, and flushing toilets. It provides a diagram of a typical rainwater collection system and potential reuse applications. It also describes natural wastewater treatment techniques using constructed wetland ecosystems, where plants, microorganisms, and soil help remove pollutants from wastewater in a process similar to natural ecosystems.
Hydrosphere and water pollution
The document discusses the hydrosphere, which describes the combined mass of water found on, under, and over the surface of a planet. It notes that the Earth's hydrosphere contains about 1.4 x 1018 tonnes of water, with about 75% of the surface covered by oceans. Other planets like Europa may also have subsurface oceans beneath thick ice layers. The water cycle continuously moves water between oceans, atmosphere, and land via processes like evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and collection.
Water management and
This document discusses various aspects of water resources including:
1) Water is essential for life but only 3% of Earth's water is freshwater, with the majority being saltwater in oceans.
2) Freshwater sources include lakes, rivers, streams, groundwater and ice/snow, with only 1% of total water accessible for human and agricultural use.
3) The water cycle describes the continuous movement of water above, on, and below the Earth's surface through different states of matter and is driven by the sun's energy.
Water
Water pollution is a serious issue caused by various human and natural sources. Excess fertilizer and other pollutants are causing large algae blooms in lakes. The main sources of pollution are point sources like factories and non-point sources like agricultural runoff. While industries and agriculture are major contributors, domestic waste and individual behaviors also significantly impact water quality. Proper wastewater treatment can remove many pollutants but emerging contaminants like pharmaceuticals remain a concern. Preventing pollution requires conservation, responsible chemical use, and maintaining stormwater infrastructure. Addressing water issues will require awareness, education, sustainable practices, and global cooperation.
Rutgers Cook College: Rain Gardens Fact Sheet
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The Rain Garden
- 1. The Rain Garden By James Horlacher
- 3. Half of this pollution is created by things humans do
- 5. Watershed Is natures solution to water pollution It drains into a body of water Roots of grasses, perennial plants, shrubs and trees collect rain water
- 6. Rain Garden Is a man made watershed Uses similar elements to slow water flow as the ones in nature
- 7. How to Build a Rain Garden Built in a depression near source of water runoff Full sunlight Larger the surface you have to build, the bigger it can be Plants should be able to tolerate both extremes of periods with lots of water and with very little water