This document provides a historical overview of the development of education in the Philippines from the pre-colonial period through Spanish colonial rule, the American period, and independence. It discusses how education was decentralized pre-colonially and then established by Spanish missionaries. The 1863 decree created a free public education system, and American rule further standardized schools. The system continued to develop through changes in government over the 20th century.
The document summarizes education in the Philippines during pre-colonial, Spanish colonial, and present times. During pre-colonial times, the indigenous people engaged in tribal education practices and there is evidence of schooling related to studying the Koran after Islamization. Under Spanish colonial rule, the Spanish established Catholic schools exclusively for Spanish children, as well as schools for Filipino children focused on Catholic doctrine. The Spanish decreed a public primary education system in 1863. However, the Spanish educational system faced issues like lack of resources and emphasis on rote learning.
This is the first part on the lesson on the Spanish Colonial Government. Starting with the Governor General: description, responsibilities and requirements.
Historical Development of Philippine Educational SystemEthan Dela Paz
Brief Historical Development of Philippine Education System - Pre-Spanish, Spanish, American, Commonwealth, Japanese and Present Philippine Education System.
Historical perspective of the Philippine educational system 100220073509-phpa...Ʀohema Maguad
The Philippine educational system has undergone many changes throughout history. During pre-Spanish times, education focused on reading, writing and arithmetic, and was conducted by tribal tutors. Under Spanish rule, education became religion-oriented and was only available to the elite. Various reforms established public education systems, including making primary education free and compulsory. American rule saw the introduction of English as the medium of instruction and the establishment of higher education institutions. The Japanese regime during World War 2 emphasized Filipino history and culture. Presently, the trifocal system divides responsibilities between DepEd, TESDA, and CHED. The Governance of Basic Education Act of 2001 redefined the roles of DepEd field offices to empower school heads and enable
The document summarizes the history and development of the Philippine education system from pre-Hispanic times to the present. It describes how education progressed from informal oral teachings to a formal system established by Spanish colonizers focused on religion, then expanded by Americans to include English, sciences and self-governance. The system faced changes under Japanese occupation and martial law but now follows a K-12 structure patterned after the US with English as the primary language of instruction.
The document summarizes aspects of pre-Spanish Filipino culture such as government, religion, education, and arts. It describes how the barangay system of independent communities was led by local chieftains called datus. Datus governed through establishing laws, providing protection, and acting as judges. Filipinos also engaged in trade, practiced animistic religions, and had a rich oral tradition and system of writing. Overall, the document outlines key elements of life and society in the Philippines before the arrival of Spanish colonizers.
Historical Perspective Of The Philippine Educational SystemSauyo High School
The Philippine educational system has undergone many changes throughout history. During pre-Spanish times, education focused on reading, writing and arithmetic and was religion-oriented. The American period established a free public school system using English as the medium of instruction. Various acts established different educational institutions and departments. The Japanese regime emphasized love of work and Philippine history. Presently, the trifocal system divides responsibilities between DepEd for basic education, TESDA for technical education, and CHED for higher education. The 2001 Governance of Basic Education Act redefined the roles of field offices and established school-based management.
The document summarizes education in the Philippines during pre-colonial, Spanish colonial, and present times. During pre-colonial times, the indigenous people engaged in tribal education practices and there is evidence of schooling related to studying the Koran after Islamization. Under Spanish colonial rule, the Spanish established Catholic schools exclusively for Spanish children, as well as schools for Filipino children focused on Catholic doctrine. The Spanish decreed a public primary education system in 1863. However, the Spanish educational system faced issues like lack of resources and emphasis on rote learning.
This is the first part on the lesson on the Spanish Colonial Government. Starting with the Governor General: description, responsibilities and requirements.
Historical Development of Philippine Educational SystemEthan Dela Paz
Brief Historical Development of Philippine Education System - Pre-Spanish, Spanish, American, Commonwealth, Japanese and Present Philippine Education System.
Historical perspective of the Philippine educational system 100220073509-phpa...Ʀohema Maguad
The Philippine educational system has undergone many changes throughout history. During pre-Spanish times, education focused on reading, writing and arithmetic, and was conducted by tribal tutors. Under Spanish rule, education became religion-oriented and was only available to the elite. Various reforms established public education systems, including making primary education free and compulsory. American rule saw the introduction of English as the medium of instruction and the establishment of higher education institutions. The Japanese regime during World War 2 emphasized Filipino history and culture. Presently, the trifocal system divides responsibilities between DepEd, TESDA, and CHED. The Governance of Basic Education Act of 2001 redefined the roles of DepEd field offices to empower school heads and enable
The document summarizes the history and development of the Philippine education system from pre-Hispanic times to the present. It describes how education progressed from informal oral teachings to a formal system established by Spanish colonizers focused on religion, then expanded by Americans to include English, sciences and self-governance. The system faced changes under Japanese occupation and martial law but now follows a K-12 structure patterned after the US with English as the primary language of instruction.
The document summarizes aspects of pre-Spanish Filipino culture such as government, religion, education, and arts. It describes how the barangay system of independent communities was led by local chieftains called datus. Datus governed through establishing laws, providing protection, and acting as judges. Filipinos also engaged in trade, practiced animistic religions, and had a rich oral tradition and system of writing. Overall, the document outlines key elements of life and society in the Philippines before the arrival of Spanish colonizers.
Historical Perspective Of The Philippine Educational SystemSauyo High School
The Philippine educational system has undergone many changes throughout history. During pre-Spanish times, education focused on reading, writing and arithmetic and was religion-oriented. The American period established a free public school system using English as the medium of instruction. Various acts established different educational institutions and departments. The Japanese regime emphasized love of work and Philippine history. Presently, the trifocal system divides responsibilities between DepEd for basic education, TESDA for technical education, and CHED for higher education. The 2001 Governance of Basic Education Act redefined the roles of field offices and established school-based management.
Herbert Spencer (Philosophy of Education)Nharyza Cueva
Herbert Spencer (1820-1903) was a leading English philosopher and social theorist known for coining the term "survival of the fittest". His educational theory emphasized developing independent thought through presenting the natural history of society, with learning as an individual effort and the survival of the fittest. Spencer believed education should train memory, cultivate judgment, and impart moral and religious discipline, with knowledge of science being most important. Students should learn through individual effort aided by teachers, books, observation and laboratory work.
The Philippine educational system has developed significantly over time through different governing eras:
1) The pre-Spanish era consisted of informal, vocational training passed down from parents and tribal tutors. 2) The Spanish era introduced religion-focused schooling for elite children, though access gradually expanded. 3) The revolutionary government briefly established new schools before control shifted to American administration. 4) The American regime established a public school system with English as the primary language and brought teachers from the United States. 5) The Japanese era saw some localization of education under military occupation before restoring the Department of Education after World War II.
The Philippine Educational System and Its DevelopmentCHYLLPARRO
The document summarizes key developments in Philippine education from the pre-Spanish era to the post-World War 2 period. It discusses the informal, community-based education system that existed prior to Spanish colonization. When the Spanish arrived, they established a formal, religion-oriented education system with Spanish missionaries as tutors and the Spanish language as compulsory. Several schools were built during this time. American rule after 1898 brought English as the medium of instruction and a focus on teaching democracy. The Japanese occupation briefly promoted Japanese language and culture in schools. After World War 2, the education system aimed to foster democracy and the new constitution established free public education. Various legal mandates were passed to improve teaching standards and accessibility.
Historical perspective of education and the curriculum ofleonilitabadillo
The document discusses the historical development of curriculum in the Philippines under different ruling powers. It traces curriculum goals and methods from the pre-Hispanic informal education, to the religion-focused Spanish curriculum, the English-medium American curriculum, the Japanese propaganda-driven curriculum during WWII, and post-independence reforms emphasizing nationalism, democracy, and economic development. The changing curriculums reflected the goals and ideologies of successive foreign and local rulers in the Philippines.
Socio-Political Environment of the Philippines during the Spanish RegimeEmetess Catbagan
Spain invaded and ruled the Philippines for 333 years from 1565 to 1898. Their rule changed Philippine history in three key ways: 1) the Philippines became Catholic, 2) the country was exposed to European and Mexican culture, and 3) the Philippines lost its independence for the first time. Spain established a centralized government and unified the country's independent barangays as the nation of Filipinas. The Spanish colonial government established hierarchical national and local governments that ruled the Philippines until independence.
Philippine Educational System During the Japanese OccupationMia de Guzman
The educational system during the Japanese period in the Philippines centered around the Military Order No. 2 which reopened schools in 1942. The curriculum focused on Tagalog, Philippine history, and character education while promoting love of work. Vocational education was expanded. Japanese language instruction was emphasized, and the six principles of the Japanese republic guided education towards fostering cooperation between Japan and the Philippines. The Ministry of Education oversaw schools, later becoming the Department of Education. Learning focused on Japanese language, basic education, vocational skills, cooperation between countries, and elevating morality.
Philippine Educational System during Pres. Corazon AquinoKaye Dematera
The document discusses education provisions in the 1987 Constitution of the Philippines. It establishes the state's responsibility to provide free and accessible education for all citizens. It mandates a complete education system from elementary to high school, as well as support for vocational training, scholarships, and non-traditional learning. Religious instruction is allowed in public schools by approved teachers of the students' faith. Academic freedom is protected in higher education. The state is also tasked with prioritizing education in its budget and promoting the use of Filipino in schools.
Curriculum development in the philippines in new societySharel Mae Ponce
The document discusses curriculum development in the Philippines during the New Society period from 1972 onward. Key points include:
1) Educational decrees aimed to make schools more responsive to national development needs and introduce moral, vocational, and technical education.
2) The 2002 Reformed Basic Education Curriculum emphasized values formation, critical thinking, and making students productive citizens.
3) It integrated subjects, used both Filipino and English as languages of instruction, and encouraged interactive learning over traditional teaching methods.
Historical Perspective in Philippine EducationGenesis Felipe
The document provides a historical overview of the Philippine educational system from the pre-Spanish era through the Spanish era.
In the pre-Spanish era, education was informal and focused on vocational training through observation and imitation. There was no organized system of education. During the Spanish era, a formal education system was established with a focus on religion, Spanish language, and control by friars. Several schools and colleges were established but education remained limited. The 1863 decree expanded access but issues remained around resources, control, and attendance. The First Republic briefly established self-governance after the Spanish-American war.
Historical Foundations of Curriculum in the PhilippinesJohn Arvin Glo
This document provides a historical overview of the development of education in the Philippines from pre-Spanish times to the present. It describes the main educational developments that occurred during each major period of Philippine history, including pre-Spanish, Spanish colonial, American colonial, Japanese occupation, and post-WWII eras. Key events and reforms are outlined, along with the educational philosophies, curriculum, and institutions that emerged during each period. The implementation of the recent K-12 basic education program is also summarized.
This Presidential Decree establishes the professionalization of teachers in the Philippines by creating the National Board for Teachers. The Board will regulate the teaching profession by administering examinations, issuing teaching certificates, and overseeing the qualifications and standards for teachers. The Decree defines teaching as a profession, establishes the minimum educational requirements to take the teacher certification exam, and outlines the powers and duties of the National Board for Teachers to professionalize and regulate the teaching profession in the Philippines.
- The Philippines introduced free public education in 1901 after becoming a US territory, establishing an education system patterned after the US. This included elementary, secondary and vocational education.
- Private schools flourished in this period and were regulated by laws requiring inspection and approval.
- Reforms in the early-mid 20th century focused on standardizing textbooks, adding industrial/vocational training, and revising elementary curricula.
- Major reforms in the late 20th century included implementing compulsory education, lengthening the school year, national assessments, and establishing oversight bodies for higher education and teacher licensing.
- Most recently, the Philippines implemented a K-12 basic education system in 2013, adding three
Education during the spanish regime and its colonial effects group 4Lorena Cantong
During Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines (1565-1898):
1. Education was controlled by the Catholic Church and aimed to convert Filipinos to Catholicism. Religious orders established schools and universities to teach religion.
2. The oldest universities and the first public education system in Asia were created, but education remained limited. It was underdeveloped and mostly privileged Spanish students.
3. Some educated Filipinos called Ilustrados sought educational reforms and challenged Spanish rule, representing one effect of the colonial education system. However, most Filipinos remained unable to learn beyond their native languages.
This document provides a history of the Philippine education system from the pre-colonial period through the 2010s. It describes how education was decentralized prior to colonization, then established by Spanish missionaries and continued under American rule. The system grew to include public elementary and secondary schools, as well as universities. In the 2010s, the Philippines implemented a K-12 program to extend basic education from 10 to 12 years and better prepare students.
The document discusses the history and development of the educational system in the Philippines. It was originally patterned after systems from Spain and the US. Key aspects include:
- The system is now administered by the Department of Education and follows a 6 years of elementary school, 4 years of high school, 4-5 years of college structure.
- It has evolved from informal early Filipino education, to religion-oriented Spanish colonial schools, to the introduction of English and American influences in the 1900s.
- The system was also impacted during Japanese occupation in WWII, before resuming a focus on nationalism and vocational education.
Teaching profession (Historical Perspective of Philippine Educational System)Franzelle Mae Lignes
Education in the Philippines has evolved from early settlers to the present. The Philippine Educational system has a very deep history in which it has undergone several stage of development going to the present system of education.
The document summarizes the historical, legal, and philosophical bases of the Philippine education system. It traces the evolution of Philippine education from pre-colonial times through Spanish, American, Japanese, and post-WWII periods. Key points included the hybrid nature of the system reflecting colonial influences, constitutional provisions establishing education aims, and laws reforming the public school system under different administrations. The trifocal system establishing DepEd, CHED, and TESDA was a response to declining education quality.
The document discusses the Commonwealth Period in Philippine history and education. Some key points:
1) The Commonwealth Period was when the Philippines was controlled by the United States, with Manuel Quezon as the first elected Filipino leader.
2) The educational system during this period emphasized moral character, civic conscience, personal discipline, and vocational efficiency through methods like memorization and recitation.
3) Commonwealth Act No. 586 of 1940 established reforms like reducing elementary school to 6 years, setting the entrance age to 7, and introducing double sessions to accommodate more students.
4) Commonwealth Act No. 180 gave regulatory power over private schools to the Secretary of Public Instruction to maintain educational standards.
The document discusses the education system established by Americans in the Philippines during their colonial regime. It outlines the objectives of the American education system, which included educating Filipinos in self-governance and democracy. Laws like the 1901 Education Act established a centralized public school system with English as the medium of instruction. The education hierarchy consisted of primary, secondary, and tertiary levels. Both pensionados (students sent abroad for further study) and Sakadas (laborers who migrated to work in US farms) experienced the American system and its effects on the development of the country. Universities established during this time include Philippine Normal School and University of Manila.
The Philippine Education Through the Years.pptxJenevieveUmayam
The document provides a historical overview of the Philippine education system from the pre-colonial period through modern times. It summarizes the key developments under periods of Spanish colonization, American rule, and independence, including the establishment of the first schools and universities, implementation of public education, and reforms over time. It concludes with details about the recent K-12 educational reforms in the 2010s that extended basic education to include kindergarten and additional senior high school grades.
The document summarizes the history of education in the Philippines under different foreign influences - Spanish, American, Japanese, and the current system. Under Spanish rule, the religious orders established the first schools and universities with a focus on Catholic doctrine. During the American period, a public education system was established with English as the medium of instruction. The Japanese occupation saw the introduction of the Japanese language and culture into schools. Today, the Philippine education system remains influenced by the US but has advanced to offer free public education from elementary through high school.
Herbert Spencer (Philosophy of Education)Nharyza Cueva
Herbert Spencer (1820-1903) was a leading English philosopher and social theorist known for coining the term "survival of the fittest". His educational theory emphasized developing independent thought through presenting the natural history of society, with learning as an individual effort and the survival of the fittest. Spencer believed education should train memory, cultivate judgment, and impart moral and religious discipline, with knowledge of science being most important. Students should learn through individual effort aided by teachers, books, observation and laboratory work.
The Philippine educational system has developed significantly over time through different governing eras:
1) The pre-Spanish era consisted of informal, vocational training passed down from parents and tribal tutors. 2) The Spanish era introduced religion-focused schooling for elite children, though access gradually expanded. 3) The revolutionary government briefly established new schools before control shifted to American administration. 4) The American regime established a public school system with English as the primary language and brought teachers from the United States. 5) The Japanese era saw some localization of education under military occupation before restoring the Department of Education after World War II.
The Philippine Educational System and Its DevelopmentCHYLLPARRO
The document summarizes key developments in Philippine education from the pre-Spanish era to the post-World War 2 period. It discusses the informal, community-based education system that existed prior to Spanish colonization. When the Spanish arrived, they established a formal, religion-oriented education system with Spanish missionaries as tutors and the Spanish language as compulsory. Several schools were built during this time. American rule after 1898 brought English as the medium of instruction and a focus on teaching democracy. The Japanese occupation briefly promoted Japanese language and culture in schools. After World War 2, the education system aimed to foster democracy and the new constitution established free public education. Various legal mandates were passed to improve teaching standards and accessibility.
Historical perspective of education and the curriculum ofleonilitabadillo
The document discusses the historical development of curriculum in the Philippines under different ruling powers. It traces curriculum goals and methods from the pre-Hispanic informal education, to the religion-focused Spanish curriculum, the English-medium American curriculum, the Japanese propaganda-driven curriculum during WWII, and post-independence reforms emphasizing nationalism, democracy, and economic development. The changing curriculums reflected the goals and ideologies of successive foreign and local rulers in the Philippines.
Socio-Political Environment of the Philippines during the Spanish RegimeEmetess Catbagan
Spain invaded and ruled the Philippines for 333 years from 1565 to 1898. Their rule changed Philippine history in three key ways: 1) the Philippines became Catholic, 2) the country was exposed to European and Mexican culture, and 3) the Philippines lost its independence for the first time. Spain established a centralized government and unified the country's independent barangays as the nation of Filipinas. The Spanish colonial government established hierarchical national and local governments that ruled the Philippines until independence.
Philippine Educational System During the Japanese OccupationMia de Guzman
The educational system during the Japanese period in the Philippines centered around the Military Order No. 2 which reopened schools in 1942. The curriculum focused on Tagalog, Philippine history, and character education while promoting love of work. Vocational education was expanded. Japanese language instruction was emphasized, and the six principles of the Japanese republic guided education towards fostering cooperation between Japan and the Philippines. The Ministry of Education oversaw schools, later becoming the Department of Education. Learning focused on Japanese language, basic education, vocational skills, cooperation between countries, and elevating morality.
Philippine Educational System during Pres. Corazon AquinoKaye Dematera
The document discusses education provisions in the 1987 Constitution of the Philippines. It establishes the state's responsibility to provide free and accessible education for all citizens. It mandates a complete education system from elementary to high school, as well as support for vocational training, scholarships, and non-traditional learning. Religious instruction is allowed in public schools by approved teachers of the students' faith. Academic freedom is protected in higher education. The state is also tasked with prioritizing education in its budget and promoting the use of Filipino in schools.
Curriculum development in the philippines in new societySharel Mae Ponce
The document discusses curriculum development in the Philippines during the New Society period from 1972 onward. Key points include:
1) Educational decrees aimed to make schools more responsive to national development needs and introduce moral, vocational, and technical education.
2) The 2002 Reformed Basic Education Curriculum emphasized values formation, critical thinking, and making students productive citizens.
3) It integrated subjects, used both Filipino and English as languages of instruction, and encouraged interactive learning over traditional teaching methods.
Historical Perspective in Philippine EducationGenesis Felipe
The document provides a historical overview of the Philippine educational system from the pre-Spanish era through the Spanish era.
In the pre-Spanish era, education was informal and focused on vocational training through observation and imitation. There was no organized system of education. During the Spanish era, a formal education system was established with a focus on religion, Spanish language, and control by friars. Several schools and colleges were established but education remained limited. The 1863 decree expanded access but issues remained around resources, control, and attendance. The First Republic briefly established self-governance after the Spanish-American war.
Historical Foundations of Curriculum in the PhilippinesJohn Arvin Glo
This document provides a historical overview of the development of education in the Philippines from pre-Spanish times to the present. It describes the main educational developments that occurred during each major period of Philippine history, including pre-Spanish, Spanish colonial, American colonial, Japanese occupation, and post-WWII eras. Key events and reforms are outlined, along with the educational philosophies, curriculum, and institutions that emerged during each period. The implementation of the recent K-12 basic education program is also summarized.
This Presidential Decree establishes the professionalization of teachers in the Philippines by creating the National Board for Teachers. The Board will regulate the teaching profession by administering examinations, issuing teaching certificates, and overseeing the qualifications and standards for teachers. The Decree defines teaching as a profession, establishes the minimum educational requirements to take the teacher certification exam, and outlines the powers and duties of the National Board for Teachers to professionalize and regulate the teaching profession in the Philippines.
- The Philippines introduced free public education in 1901 after becoming a US territory, establishing an education system patterned after the US. This included elementary, secondary and vocational education.
- Private schools flourished in this period and were regulated by laws requiring inspection and approval.
- Reforms in the early-mid 20th century focused on standardizing textbooks, adding industrial/vocational training, and revising elementary curricula.
- Major reforms in the late 20th century included implementing compulsory education, lengthening the school year, national assessments, and establishing oversight bodies for higher education and teacher licensing.
- Most recently, the Philippines implemented a K-12 basic education system in 2013, adding three
Education during the spanish regime and its colonial effects group 4Lorena Cantong
During Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines (1565-1898):
1. Education was controlled by the Catholic Church and aimed to convert Filipinos to Catholicism. Religious orders established schools and universities to teach religion.
2. The oldest universities and the first public education system in Asia were created, but education remained limited. It was underdeveloped and mostly privileged Spanish students.
3. Some educated Filipinos called Ilustrados sought educational reforms and challenged Spanish rule, representing one effect of the colonial education system. However, most Filipinos remained unable to learn beyond their native languages.
This document provides a history of the Philippine education system from the pre-colonial period through the 2010s. It describes how education was decentralized prior to colonization, then established by Spanish missionaries and continued under American rule. The system grew to include public elementary and secondary schools, as well as universities. In the 2010s, the Philippines implemented a K-12 program to extend basic education from 10 to 12 years and better prepare students.
The document discusses the history and development of the educational system in the Philippines. It was originally patterned after systems from Spain and the US. Key aspects include:
- The system is now administered by the Department of Education and follows a 6 years of elementary school, 4 years of high school, 4-5 years of college structure.
- It has evolved from informal early Filipino education, to religion-oriented Spanish colonial schools, to the introduction of English and American influences in the 1900s.
- The system was also impacted during Japanese occupation in WWII, before resuming a focus on nationalism and vocational education.
Teaching profession (Historical Perspective of Philippine Educational System)Franzelle Mae Lignes
Education in the Philippines has evolved from early settlers to the present. The Philippine Educational system has a very deep history in which it has undergone several stage of development going to the present system of education.
The document summarizes the historical, legal, and philosophical bases of the Philippine education system. It traces the evolution of Philippine education from pre-colonial times through Spanish, American, Japanese, and post-WWII periods. Key points included the hybrid nature of the system reflecting colonial influences, constitutional provisions establishing education aims, and laws reforming the public school system under different administrations. The trifocal system establishing DepEd, CHED, and TESDA was a response to declining education quality.
The document discusses the Commonwealth Period in Philippine history and education. Some key points:
1) The Commonwealth Period was when the Philippines was controlled by the United States, with Manuel Quezon as the first elected Filipino leader.
2) The educational system during this period emphasized moral character, civic conscience, personal discipline, and vocational efficiency through methods like memorization and recitation.
3) Commonwealth Act No. 586 of 1940 established reforms like reducing elementary school to 6 years, setting the entrance age to 7, and introducing double sessions to accommodate more students.
4) Commonwealth Act No. 180 gave regulatory power over private schools to the Secretary of Public Instruction to maintain educational standards.
The document discusses the education system established by Americans in the Philippines during their colonial regime. It outlines the objectives of the American education system, which included educating Filipinos in self-governance and democracy. Laws like the 1901 Education Act established a centralized public school system with English as the medium of instruction. The education hierarchy consisted of primary, secondary, and tertiary levels. Both pensionados (students sent abroad for further study) and Sakadas (laborers who migrated to work in US farms) experienced the American system and its effects on the development of the country. Universities established during this time include Philippine Normal School and University of Manila.
The Philippine Education Through the Years.pptxJenevieveUmayam
The document provides a historical overview of the Philippine education system from the pre-colonial period through modern times. It summarizes the key developments under periods of Spanish colonization, American rule, and independence, including the establishment of the first schools and universities, implementation of public education, and reforms over time. It concludes with details about the recent K-12 educational reforms in the 2010s that extended basic education to include kindergarten and additional senior high school grades.
The document summarizes the history of education in the Philippines under different foreign influences - Spanish, American, Japanese, and the current system. Under Spanish rule, the religious orders established the first schools and universities with a focus on Catholic doctrine. During the American period, a public education system was established with English as the medium of instruction. The Japanese occupation saw the introduction of the Japanese language and culture into schools. Today, the Philippine education system remains influenced by the US but has advanced to offer free public education from elementary through high school.
1. Education in the Philippines underwent changes from informal teaching by parents before Spanish colonization to a formal system established by Spanish friars to teach Christianity and convert natives.
2. The Spanish established the first formal schools called parochial schools to teach religion, reading, writing and practical skills. They prioritized educating children over adults.
3. The 1863 Education Decree required towns to establish free primary schools for boys and girls and teacher training schools, expanding access to education. However, the Spanish and friars still tightly controlled the educational system and curriculum.
Education in the Philippines has a long history dating back to pre-Spanish times. It was greatly expanded and formalized during Spanish colonial rule through the establishment of schools, universities, and compulsory primary education. This led to the rise of an educated Filipino class that would go on to lead the independence movement. After US rule was established in the early 1900s, the education system was modeled after that of the United States. Today, education is provided through a mix of public and private institutions in both English and Filipino from primary through tertiary levels, though challenges remain in achieving universal access and quality of education.
During Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines, the Spanish established a system of religious and public education. The religious orders opened schools immediately upon arriving in different regions and taught reading, writing, and Catholic doctrine. Over time, the Spanish established more advanced schools that taught subjects like Latin, Spanish, sciences, and vocational skills. They also opened some of the first schools for girls. However, criticisms of the Spanish education system argued it focused more on primary education for elite males rather than widespread primary education and it came under increasing control of the religious orders.
The document summarizes the evolution of education in the Philippines from pre-Hispanic times through the American period. It discusses the indigenous Philippine legal tradition and education system prior to colonization, then outlines how education developed under Spanish rule with the establishment of parochial schools and the University of Santo Tomas. The American period brought the creation of a public school system and establishment of the Philippine Normal School and University of the Philippines. Major developments after World War 2 included the growth of teacher training institutions and private universities.
Historical background of philippine curriculumSALINASVIVIANS
The document summarizes the historical development of the Philippine curriculum from pre-Hispanic times to the present. During the pre-Hispanic period, learning was informal and focused on practical skills. Under Spanish rule, the friars established parochial schools to teach Christianity using Spanish as the medium of instruction. The Americans modernized the education system after 1898 but taught in English. The Japanese occupation briefly changed the curriculum during World War 2 before the postwar period saw reforms and the establishment of new agencies and curricula culminating in the current K-12 system.
Philosophical and Sociological Foundations of Philippine Education System_PhD...Marlon Villaluz
The document provides an overview of the development of the Philippine education system from pre-colonial times through the present day K-12 program. It describes how the system was influenced by Spanish, American, and Japanese colonial rule, establishing formal schools and standardized curricula. The post-colonial system developed a trifocal structure overseen by different government agencies. The new K-12 program aims to strengthen early education, make the curriculum more relevant, and build proficiency in mother tongues and English/Filipino to better prepare students for tertiary education and compete globally.
Historical Foundations of the Philippine CurriculumJen S
- Pre-Hispanic Philippines had no formal schooling, with an oral tradition focusing on practical skills. During the Spanish period, schools were established but only for Spanish students, with an emphasis on religion. Problems included limited curriculum and discrimination against Filipinos.
- Under American rule, a public school system was created with the goal of teaching English. Higher education institutions like UP were also established. During Japanese occupation, schools taught Japanese culture and language in an effort to control the population.
The History of Philippine Education System Lecture No. 4.pptxAbigailPanes1
The document outlines the key periods in the history of education in the Philippines from pre-colonial times through post-colonial development. It discusses the educational goals, curriculum, and influences during periods of primitive societies, Greek, Roman, Arabic, Medieval, Renaissance, Reformation, and under Western colonial powers like Spain, the United States, and Japan. It also notes the development of education under the Philippine Commonwealth and reforms post-independence, including nationalizing elementary education, values integration, adoption of new curricula like K-12, and the roles of DepEd and CHED.
Philippines Curriculum History - Mark Albert C. NardoMarcusAlbertus
Curriculum History in the Philippines from Pre- Spanish to Spanish Era to American Era to Japanese era to the present time which is the K-12 Basic Curriculum
1. The first educational system in the Philippines was established during the Spanish colonial period, with separate primary and secondary schools for boys and girls run by religious orders that focused on Christian doctrines.
2. The wealthy elite Filipinos, called ilustrados, were the only Filipinos initially able to attend the schools, though in the late 19th century more Filipino students were accepted.
3. The friars and missionaries controlled the educational system and imposed strict rules on students, limiting the curriculum to religious teachings and excluding other subjects of knowledge from Filipinos.
This document provides a brief history of the educational periods and systems in the Philippines from pre-Spanish times up until the New Society period under Ferdinand Marcos. It discusses the educational programs, practices, and legal mandates that were established during each period. The periods covered include pre-Spanish, Spanish colonization, American regime, Commonwealth, Japanese occupation, Third Republic, and New Society. For each period, the document outlines the key developments and reforms to the educational system and policies that were implemented.
Spanish Period-Legal Aspects in School AdministrationMarinelSadia
During the Spanish period, education in the Philippines was controlled by the Roman Catholic Church and focused on religious instruction to convert locals to Catholicism. The Educational Decree of 1863 established the first public school system and normal school, laying the foundation for private schools and training Filipino teachers. The University of Santo Tomas, founded in 1611, was designated as the pontifical university in 1902, following a European system of degrees in sacred faculties. The Malolos Constitution of 1899 placed public schools under government control while allowing private schools, with a curriculum still emphasizing Spanish.
The History of Philippine Education System Lecture No. 4.pptxAbigailPanes1
The document outlines the key periods in the history of education in the Philippines from pre-colonial times through post-colonial eras. It discusses the educational goals, curriculum, and influences during periods of primitive societies, Greek, Roman, Arabic, Medieval, Renaissance, Reformation, and Spanish colonial rule. It also summarizes the educational developments under American colonial, Commonwealth, Japanese occupation, and post-colonial governments, including the establishment of public school systems and policies on curriculum, language of instruction, and teacher qualifications.
Historical background of curriculum in the philippinesManiquezAnneLouise
The document summarizes the history of curriculum in the Philippines from pre-Hispanic times through Spanish colonial rule, the American colonial period, Japanese occupation, and independence. It outlines how education and curriculum have changed over time under different governing powers and ideologies, including the establishment of schools, changes to educational structures and departments, and the introduction of new languages and subjects.
During the Spanish colonial period in the Philippines from 1565-1898, the Spanish established the first universities, colleges, and public education system in Asia. The Jesuits founded the first college for boys in 1589 called the College of Manila, which was later elevated to a university called the University of San Ignacio in 1621 by Pope Gregory XV. Other schools established included Colegio de San Jose in 1601, Colegio de Nuestra Senora del Santissimo Rosario which was later renamed Universidad de Santo Tomas in 1645, and Colegio de San Juan de Letran. Education was centered around religion and Spanish, and was only available to the elite.
Historical perspective of the philippine educational systemGwenitz Ashly
The Philippine educational system has undergone major changes throughout history. During pre-Spanish times, education was informal and focused on vocational skills. When Spain colonized the Philippines, they replaced tribal tutors with Spanish missionaries and made education religion-focused and only for the elite. Several reforms gradually liberalized access to education. When the US took control after the Spanish-American War, they established a free public school system using English as the medium of instruction. The system grew to include high schools, technical schools, and the University of the Philippines. Reforms in the 20th century established departments of education and further restructured the system to focus on basic, technical/vocational, and higher education.
Philippine Curriculum: Historical Background and DevelopmentApril Ti-in
The document discusses the historical development of the Philippine curriculum from pre-Hispanic times to the present. It describes how the curriculum was influenced by the Spanish, American, Japanese, and martial law periods. During pre-Hispanic times, education was oral and practical. The Spanish established schools but only for Spanish students. Americans established public schools and taught in English. Japan focused education on nationalism during its occupation. Current curriculum reforms include the K-12 program establishing kindergarten through senior high school.
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2. Table of Contents
Pre-colonial period
Spanish period
First Republic
American period
Third Republic
Fourth Republic
Fifth Republic
2000s
2010s and the K-12 program
3. Pre-colonial period
During the pre-colonial period, education was
decentralized. Children were provided with vocational
training but little in the way of traditional academics.
Philippine schools were headed by parents or by their
tribal tutors. Stories, songs, poetry and dances were
passed from generation to generation through oral
tradition. They employed a unique writing system
known as Baybayin.
4. Spanish period
When the Spanish first arrived in Manila, they were surprised to find a
population with a literacy rate higher than that of Madrid.
During the early Spanish period, most education was conducted by religious
orders. Friars, recognizing the value of the literate indigenous population, built
printing presses to produce material in baybayin. Missionaries studied the local
languages and the baybayin writing system to better communicate with the
local populations and teach Christianity.
The church and the school cooperated to ensure that Christian villages had
schools for students to attend.
Spanish missionaries established schools immediately after reaching the
islands. The Augustinians opened a school in Cebu in 1565. The Franciscans,
immediately took to the task of improving literacy in 1577, aside from the
teaching of new industrial and agricultural techniques. The Jesuits followed in
1581, as well as the Dominicans in 1587, and they started a school in their first
mission at Bataan.
In 1590, the Universidad de San Ignacio was founded in Manila by the Jesuits,
and was incorporated into the University of Santo Tomas, College Medicine
and Pharmacy following the suppression of the Jesuits.
5. The first book printed in the Philippines dates back to
1590. It was a Chinese language version of Doctorina
Christiana. A Spanish andTagalog version, in both Latin
script and the locally used baybayin script, was later
printed in 1593.
In 1610, Tomas Pinpin, a Filipino printer, writer and
publisher, who is sometimes referred as the "Patriarch of
Filipino Printing", wrote his famous "Librong Pagaaralan
nang manga Tagalog nang Uicang Castilla", which was
meant to help Filipinos learn the Spanish language. The
prologue read:
“Let us therefore study, my countrymen, for although the
art of learning is somewhat difficult, yet if we are
persevering, we shall soon improve our knowledge.Other
Tagalogs like us did not take a year to learn the Spanish
language when using my book. This good result has given
me satisfaction and encouraged me to print my work, so
that all may derive some profit from it.’’
6. In 1640, the Universidad de San Felipe de Austria was
established in Manila. It was the first public university in
the Philippines. On April 28, 1611, the University of Santo
Tomas was founded in Manila as the Colegio de Nuestra
Señora del Santisimo Rosario.
By the end of the 16th century, several religious orders had
established charity hospitals all over the archipelago and
provided the bulk of public services. These hospitals also
became the setting for rudimentary scientific research
work on pharmacy and medicine.
The Jesuits also founded the Colegio de San Jose in 1601 and
took over the management in what later became Escuela
Municipal in 1859. Escuela Municipal was later renamed to
Ateneo Municipal de Manila in 1865, and is known today
as Ateneo de Manila University). The Dominicans founded
the Colegio de San Juan de Letran in 1620 in Manila.
7. The Educational Decree of 1863 created a free public
education system in the Philippines that was run by
the government. It was the first such education system
in Asia. The decree mandated the establishment of at
least one primary school for boys and one for girls in
each town under the responsibility of the municipal
government, as well as the establishment of a normal
school for male teachers under the supervision of
the Jesuits. Primary education was free and available to
every Filipino, regardless of race or social class.
Contrary to what the propaganda of the Spanish–
American War tried to depict, they were not religious
schools, but schools that were established, supported,
and maintained by the Spanish Government.[9]
8. In 1866, the total population of the Philippines was
4,411,261. The total number of public schools for boys was
841, and the number of public schools for girls was 833. The
total number of children attending those schools was
135,098 for boys, and 95,260 for girls. In 1892, the number
of schools had increased to 2,137, of which 1,087 were for
boys, and 1,050 for girls. By 1898, enrollment in schools at
all levels exceeded 200,000 students.
Because of the implementation of public education, a new
social class of educated Filipinos arose,
the Ilustrados ('enlightened ones'). This new, well-
educated middle class of Filipinos would later lead
the Philippine independence movement, using Spanish as
their common language. Among the Ilustrados who had
also studied in Spain were Jose Rizal,Garciano
Lopez, Marcelo H. Del Pilar , Mariano Ponce, and Antonio
Luna, who were later to lead the cause of Filipino self-
government and independence.
9. First Republic
The defeat of Spain following the Spanish-American
War led to the short-lived independence movement, which
established the insurgent First Philippine Republic. The
schools maintained by Spain for more than three centuries
were closed briefly, but were reopened on August 29, 1898
by the Secretary of Interior. The Burgos Institute (the
country's first law school), the Academia Militar (the
country's first military academy), and the Literary
University of the Philippines were established. Article 23 of
the Malolos Constitution mandated that public education
would be free and obligatory in all schools of the nation
under the First Philippine Republic. However,
the Philippine–American War hindered its progress.
10. American period
An improved public school system was established
during the first decade of American rule upon the
recommendation of the Schurman Commission. Free
primary instruction that trained people for the duties
of citizenship and avocation was enforced by the Taft
Commission per instructions of President William
McKinley. Chaplains and non-commissioned officers
were assigned to teach using English as the medium of
instruction.
11. A highly centralized public school system was installed
in 1901 by the Philippine Commission and legislated
by Act No. 74. Act No. 74 exposed a severe shortage of
qualified teachers. As a result, the Philippine
Commission authorized the Secretary of Public
Instruction to bring more than 1,000 teachers from the
United States, who were called the Thomasites, to the
Philippines between 1901 to 1902. These teachers were
scattered throughout the islands to
establish barangay schools. The same law established
the Philippine Normal School (now the Philippine
Normal University) to train aspiring Filipino teachers.
12. The high school system was supported by provincial
governments and included special educational
institutions, school of arts and trades, an agricultural
school, and commerce and marine institutes, which
were established in 1902 by the Philippine
Commission.
In 1908, the Philippine Legislature approved Act No.
1870, which created the University of the Philippines.
The Reorganization Act of 1916 provided
the Filipinization of all department secretaries except
the Secretary of Public Instruction.
13. The emergence of high school education in the Philippines,
however, did not happen until 1910. It was borne out of the rise in
big businesses and technological advances in factories and the
emergence of electrification, which required skilled workers. In
order to meet this new job demand, high schools were created
and the curriculum focused on practical job skills that would
better prepare students for professional white collar or skilled
blue collar work. This proved to be beneficial for both the
employer and the employee; the investment in human capital
caused employees to become more efficient, which lowered costs
for the employer, and skilled employees received a higher wage
than employees with just primary educational attainment.
Two decades later, enrollment in elementary schools was about
one million (up from about 150,000 in 1901), and about 100,000
in high school (up from less than 20,000 in 1901).
14. Third Republic
In 1947, under Executive Order No. 94, the Department
of Instruction was changed to the Department of
Education. During this period, the regulation and
supervision of public and private schools belonged to
the Bureau of Public and Private Schools.
15. Fourth Republic
In 1972, the Department of Education became the Department of Education and Culture
under Proclamation 1081, which was signed by President Ferdinand Marcos.
Following a referendum of all barangays in the Philippines from January 10–15, 1973,
President Marcos ratified the 1973 Constitution by Proclamation 1102 on January 17, 1973.
The 1973 Constitution set out the three fundamental aims of education in the
Philippines:
To foster love of country;
Teach the duties of citizenship; and
Develop moral character, self-discipline, and scientific, technological and vocational
efficiency.
On September 24, 1972, by Presidential Decree No. 1, the Department of Education,
Culture and Sports was decentralized with decision-making shared among thirteen
regional offices.
In 1978, by the Presidential Decree No. 1397, the Department of Education and Culture
became the Ministry of Education and Culture.
The Education Act of 1982 provided for an integrated system of education covering both
formal and non-formal education at all levels. Section 29 of the act sought to upgrade
education institutions' standards to achieve "quality education", through voluntary
accreditation for schools, colleges, and universities. Section 16 and Section 17 upgraded
the obligations and qualifications required for teachers and administrators. Section
41 provided for government financial assistance to private schools.[16] This act also created
the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports.
16. Fifth Republic
On February 2, 1987, a new Constitution for the Philippines was ratified. Section 3,
Article XIV of the 1987 Constitution contains the ten fundamental aims of education in
the Philippines. It is also seen that under the 1987 Constitution (under Section 2 (2),
Article XIV), only elementary school was made compulsory.
In 1987, the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports became the Department of
Education, Culture and Sports under Executive Order No. 117. The structure of DECS as
embodied in the order remained practically unchanged until 1994.
On May 26, 1988, the Congress of the Philippines enacted the Republic Act 6655 and
the Free Public Secondary Education Act of 1988, which mandated free public secondary
education commencing in the school year 1988–1989.
On February 3, 1992, the Congress enacted Republic Act 7323, which provided that
students aged 15 to 25 may be employed during Christmas and summer vacation with a
salary not lower than the minimum wage-- with 60% of the wage paid by the employer
and 40% by the government.
The Congressional Commission on Education (EDCOM) report of 1991 recommended
the division of DECS into three parts. On May 18, 1994, the Congress passed Republic Act
7722, the Higher Education Act of 1994, creating the Commission on Higher
Education (CHED), which assumed the functions of the Bureau of Higher Education and
supervised tertiary degree programs. On August 25, 1994, the Congress passed Republic
Act 7796, the Technical Education and Skills Development Act of 1994, creating
the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA), which absorbed the
Bureau of Technical-Vocational Education as well as the National Manpower and Youth
Council, and began to supervise non-degree technical-vocational programs.[22] DECS
retained responsibility for all elementary and secondary education.[18] This threefold
division became known as the "trifocal system of education in the Philippines".
17. 2000s
In August 2001, Republic Act 9155, otherwise called the Governance of Basic
Education Act, was passed. This act changed the name of the Department of
Education, Culture and Sports (DECS) to the Department of Education and
redefined the role of field offices (regional offices, division offices, district
offices and schools). The act provided the overall framework for school
empowerment by strengthening the leadership roles of headmasters and
fostering transparency and local accountability for school administrations. The
goal of basic education was to provide the school age population and young
adults with skills, knowledge, and values to become caring, self-reliant,
productive, and patriotic citizens.
In 2005, the Philippines spent about US$138 per pupil compared to US$3,728
in Japan, US$1,582 in Singapore and US$852 in Thailand.
In January 2009, the Department of Education signed a memorandum of
agreement with the United States Agency for International Development to
seal $86 million assistance to Philippine education, particularly the access to
quality education in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM),
and the Western and Central Mindanao regions.
18. 2010s and the K-12 program
The start of the twenty-first century's second decade saw a major improvement in the
Philippine education system.
In 2011, the Department of Education started to implement the new K-12 educational
system, which also included a new curriculum for all schools nationwide. The K-12
program has a so-called "phased implementation", which started in S.Y 2011-2012.
There are four "phases" during the implementation of the new system. These are:
Phase I: Laying the Foundations. Its goal is to finally implement the
universal kindergarten, and the "development of the (entire) program".
Phase II: Modeling and Migration. Its goal is to promote the enactment of the basic
education law, to finally start of the phased implementation of the new curriculum for
Grades 1 to 4 and 7 to 10, and for the modeling of the senior high school.
Phase III: Complete Migration. Its goal is to finally implement the Grades 11 and 12 or
the senior high school, and to signal the end of migration to the new educational system.
Phase IV: Completion of the Reform. Its goal is to complete the implementation of the K-
12 education system.