Here are one sentence explanations of each amendment: 16th Amendment - The federal government was allowed to collect income taxes directly from individuals. 17th Amendment - Senators would now be elected by popular vote instead of by state legislatures. 18th Amendment - The production, transport, and sale of alcoholic beverages was banned nationwide. 19th Amendment - Women gained the right to vote with the ratification of this amendment. The 19th Amendment granting women the right to vote was a progressive amendment. Progressives believed that all citizens, not just wealthy men, should have a voice in the political process and their government. By giving women the right to vote, nearly half the population was enfranchised and able to

1. At the National Level and the State Level
Bill passes through Both Houses of Congress
National Level
Senate & House of Representatives
Signed by the President into Law
-- Remember Obama’s 1st Law --

2. The People v Trusts #13

3. STANDARD OIL / OCTOPUS MONOPOLIES / TRUSTS

4. If Science Produced:
 Telephone, Railroads, Skyscrapers, Car, Light Bulb
 Then certainly Science/Tech. could fix Society
 Many Used Scientific Principles to fix Society
Jacob Riis?

5.  Brown University
- Sociology Dept.
 Author
“Dynamic Sociology”
 Ward disagreed with
the Survival of the
Fittest Societies
“The Public Interest”

6. Chart of Progressives - Canvas
Define - Progressives
Define – Analysts & Activists
Jane Addams -- p. 242
Upton Sinclair – p. 244 (Old Book)

7. Social
Class
Numberof
Households
%of
Population
YearlyFamily
Income
%ofTotal
Nat'lWealth
UpperClass 1.5million 12% Above$5,000 86%
MiddleClass 5.5million 44% $500-$5,000 12.5%
WorkingClass 5.5million 44% Below$500 1.5%

8.  Progressives attempted to wrestle control
of America from the Trusts(Big Business) &
Political Machines and give it back to the People

9.  Progressives needed to break the power
of the Political Machines
- remember George W. Plunkitt
 Then laws could be passed to benefit All the
people, not just the wealthy
 If they could do that:
- power of the Trusts would be stripped

10.  Giant Firms that controlled whole areas of
an industry by buying up all their competitors
(monopolies)
 Standard Oil Co. – Best Example
Owned by John Rockefeller
 Net Earnings From 1882-1906: about $1 Billion
- That’s $400-$600 Billion Today
 Ida Tarbell helped expose their ruthless tactics

12. If Government could
help fix Society
THEN
Government would
have to be fixed 1st

13. TRUSTS
I
POLITICAL MACHINES
I
STATE LEGISLATURES
I
SENATORS
I
WASHINGTON DC(SENATE)
Create Laws:
- Worker’s Compensation
- Minimum Wage Laws
(will these laws ever be passed if the power of the
trusts can’t be broken?)

14. ___ 16th Amendment
___ 17th Amendment
___ 18th Amendment
___ 19th Amendment
A. Provided women over the age of 21
with the right to vote
B. Senators were not appointed
anymore, they were elected directly
by people from the state
C. 1% tax on people’s incomes were
taken directly from your wages
D. Production, sale, and consumption of
alcohol was made illegal

15. TRUSTS
I
POLITICAL MACHINES
I
STATE LEGISLATURES
I
SENATORS - PEOPLE ELECT
I
WASHINGTON DC(SENATE)
Create Laws:
- Workers compensation
- Minimum wage laws

16. This is called Regulation
The Progressive Era – Govt. Regulation begins

17.  Explain in one sentence each of the
Amendments: #16 / 17 / 18 / 19
 Pick 1 - Explain in one paragraph
how you think the Amendment qualifies
as a progressive amendment
1. 16th Am?
2. 17th Am?
3. 18th Am?
4. 19th Am?