The document discusses the 1970 general election in Pakistan, which was the country's first election based on universal suffrage. Some key points:
1) President Yahya Khan announced elections would be held on October 5, 1970, the first time Pakistan held polls to freely elect representatives.
2) The Awami League seemed confident of support and fielded candidates in all 162 seats of East Pakistan, while left-wing parties like NAP(W) and NAP(B) participated with reservations over restrictions.
3) The Awami League won a decisive victory in the elections, taking 160 of the 162 seats allocated to East Pakistan. This demonstrated strong public support for the party's advocacy of Bengali
Ayub Khan was Pakistani politician and army general who served as the second President of Pakistan .
.In 1958 until being forced to resign amid the 1969 uprising in East Pakistan.
Born: 14 May 1907 at Rehana.
Died: 19 April 1974 at Islamabad
Education : For his basic education, he was enrolled in a school in Sarai Saleh, which was about 4 miles from his village , after that he was shifted to Haripur School .
. After passing his Matriculation Examination in 1922, Ayub was sent to Aligarh University where he spent four years. However, before appearing exams, he was selected for the Royal Military College at Sandhurst. He sailed for England in 1926.
General Muhammad Zia Ul Haq - Dictatorship in PakistanAqib Syed
General Muhammad Zia Ul Haq - Dictatorship in Pakistan
Zia was born in Jalandhar, British India, in 1924 as the second child of Muhammad Akbar, who worked in the Army GHQ in Delhi and Selma, prior to the liberation of Pakistan from British colonial rule in 1947.
He completed his initial education in Selma and then attended St. Stephen's College, Delhi for his graduate degree. After graduation from St. Xavier College, Zia joined the British Indian Army in 1943.
Ayub Khan was Pakistani politician and army general who served as the second President of Pakistan .
.In 1958 until being forced to resign amid the 1969 uprising in East Pakistan.
Born: 14 May 1907 at Rehana.
Died: 19 April 1974 at Islamabad
Education : For his basic education, he was enrolled in a school in Sarai Saleh, which was about 4 miles from his village , after that he was shifted to Haripur School .
. After passing his Matriculation Examination in 1922, Ayub was sent to Aligarh University where he spent four years. However, before appearing exams, he was selected for the Royal Military College at Sandhurst. He sailed for England in 1926.
General Muhammad Zia Ul Haq - Dictatorship in PakistanAqib Syed
General Muhammad Zia Ul Haq - Dictatorship in Pakistan
Zia was born in Jalandhar, British India, in 1924 as the second child of Muhammad Akbar, who worked in the Army GHQ in Delhi and Selma, prior to the liberation of Pakistan from British colonial rule in 1947.
He completed his initial education in Selma and then attended St. Stephen's College, Delhi for his graduate degree. After graduation from St. Xavier College, Zia joined the British Indian Army in 1943.
In 1957, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto became the youngest
member of Pakistan's delegation to the United Nations.
As his father was politically active, Bhutto had learned
politics and its affairs from very early age.
In 1958, he became Pakistan’s youngest cabinet
minister. He was assigned ministry of Water and
Power.
He was then given ministry of Commerce,
Communication and Industry.
Close and trustworthy to Ayub Khan.
Indus Water Treaty and Oil Exploration Agreement.
1963, Bhutto became Foreign Minister.
power point document on general zia ul haq's policies, his early life, his governance, afghan miracle, zia as president and chief martial law administrator
This content is full of information.from this source you can get the history of martial law .After studding this content you will be able to give presentation on Ayub Khan's era. this content is full of information of beigning years of Pakistan
East Pakistan Separation- History of SubContinentAqib Syed
East Pakistan Separation- History of SubContinent
Political system in Pakistan broke down in 1971 because of output failure arising out of conflict among East and West Pakistan.
Though separation of East Pakistan occurred in 1971, the separation’s elements had begun to work with the emergence of Pakistan in 1947. Following were the main causes of the separation of East Pakistan.
Pakistan claims Jammu and Kashmir based on its majority Muslim population, whereas China claims the Shaksam Valley and Aksai Chin. The Kashmir conflict is a territorial conflict primarily between India and Pakistan, having started just after the partition of India in 1947. ... The present conflict is in Kashmir Valley
In 1957, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto became the youngest
member of Pakistan's delegation to the United Nations.
As his father was politically active, Bhutto had learned
politics and its affairs from very early age.
In 1958, he became Pakistan’s youngest cabinet
minister. He was assigned ministry of Water and
Power.
He was then given ministry of Commerce,
Communication and Industry.
Close and trustworthy to Ayub Khan.
Indus Water Treaty and Oil Exploration Agreement.
1963, Bhutto became Foreign Minister.
power point document on general zia ul haq's policies, his early life, his governance, afghan miracle, zia as president and chief martial law administrator
This content is full of information.from this source you can get the history of martial law .After studding this content you will be able to give presentation on Ayub Khan's era. this content is full of information of beigning years of Pakistan
East Pakistan Separation- History of SubContinentAqib Syed
East Pakistan Separation- History of SubContinent
Political system in Pakistan broke down in 1971 because of output failure arising out of conflict among East and West Pakistan.
Though separation of East Pakistan occurred in 1971, the separation’s elements had begun to work with the emergence of Pakistan in 1947. Following were the main causes of the separation of East Pakistan.
Pakistan claims Jammu and Kashmir based on its majority Muslim population, whereas China claims the Shaksam Valley and Aksai Chin. The Kashmir conflict is a territorial conflict primarily between India and Pakistan, having started just after the partition of India in 1947. ... The present conflict is in Kashmir Valley
Pakistan election information portal, where you can get precise knowledge about Election history of Pakistan, Voters training program and Citizen Rights in Pakistan
http://www.pakvoter.org/
The senate of Pakistan is a stable body that is not question to ending with the tenure of 6 years for every member. Elections for associates of Senate for half of the 104 seats are seized after each three years because of the progression of Senate elections is planned in such a way that tenure of half of the associates end after every three years. In Article 59 of the Constitution of Pakistan, 1973, Senate has a total of 104 seats with 24 from each of the four provinces, 08 from FATA and 04 from Federal Capital. The composition of senate with respect to Baluchistan, KPK, Sindh and Punjab is 14 seats for each area general, 4 for women, 4 for technocrats and 1 for minority belonging to each area.
Pakistan General Elections 2013: A Post-MortemGarima Goswami
Pakistan – a nation that has experienced three military coups, been ruled by generals for half its life and frequent political drama will mark 2013 as a decisive year in its political history. Three prominent leaders, of 2013, took to the streets of Pakistan propagating their ideas of conviction and change, to a nation stricken by USA drone attacks, Taliban – a fundamental Islamic militia – and political unrest. Yet, the significance of elections amongst the electorate was evident from the fact that the voter turnout excelled by all means.
Pakistan elections for senate were scheduled on 5th of March 2015. The senate elections were held to select 52 retiring officers of the senate. In these elections we saw some veteran senators like Nayyar Hussain Bukhari and Sabir Ali Baluch.
For the past Senate, the leading party was of Pakistan People’s Party (PPP) who would drop 21 members, following by PML (N) i.e. Pakistan Muslim League Nawaz who has loosed 9 members and ANP (Awami National Party) loosing 6 members.
Roy Morgan Research CEO, Michele Levine, has presented the latest State of the Nation report at NSW Parliament House in Sydney. The report includes a spotlight on the upcoming Federal Election: voting intentions and demographics, issues of importance, economic, social and government attitudes and analysis of key and marginal seats.
NMSBA is conducting elections for Countries' Chairs. Pakistani marketing professionals should become members of NMSBA so that elections could be held for Chair Pakistan.
EU 2013 Pakistan Election Observation Mission (report)fatanews
ISLAMABAD: The European Union’s Election Observer Mission, in its final report, has said the May 11 polls were much more free and fair than previous elections in the country. It cautioned, however, that not implementing certain legal provisions has left future elections vulnerable to malpractice.
Released at a news conference on Wednesday, the findings of the EU observer mission concluded that despite escalating militant attacks and procedural shortcomings, the May 11 electoral process progressed with a high level of competition, a marked increase in voter participation and overall acceptance of the outcome.
Speaking to reporters, Chief Observer Michael Gahler, however, noted that fundamental problems remain with the legal framework and the implementation of certain provisions.
“Now is the time for the new Parliament, the Election Commission and other stakeholders to demonstrate their commitment to a democratic Pakistan. Legislation can be further developed and every by-election as well as local election is an opportunity for implementing improved practices,” he added.
The 140-member EU observer mission formulated 50 recommendations to help ensure better transparency in future elections. Of these seven require constitutional changes and 17 require changes in the primary legislation, according to Gahler.
The EU observer mission suggested the formation of a special parliamentary committee on elections to review related legislation within a framework of international law commitments. Key issues to address in this regard include candidacy criteria, transparency requirements and mechanisms for effective remedy.
It also recommended that the Election Commission of Pakistan should take full responsibility for the administration of the elections. The commission must fully implement its five-year strategic plan as well, the EU mission noted in its report.
It proposed that ECP should establish a clear regulatory framework for all aspects of the election, including results management, observation and scrutiny, and complaints. The commission should also review and develop procedures to increase checks in the polling and results process, and develop practices to improve the quality of the completed results forms, the report maintained.
The EU observer mission also asked ECP to introduce strong transparency measures, including making all notifications, decisions and election related information immediately and easily available to the public.
“All polling and results information should swiftly be made available to the public on the ECP website.”
It also suggested that the legal framework for media be revised so that it fully supports editorial independence and eliminates opportunities for censorship.
During 18th century
East Pakistan & West Pakistan was a combine country. But
East Pakistan was fully ignored and dominated by west
Pakistan. Though east Pakistan played very importented roll
during that time but didn’t got proper rights & neglected.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
3. Background of Election 1970
The political history of Pakistan from 1947 to 1970
witnessed no general election
Yahya regime decided to hold general election on the
basis of adult franchise at national level
Marshal Muhammad Ayub Khan gave an assurance
that there would be a smooth transfer of power to the
representative of people freely elected
On November 1969 president Yahya announced that
Pakistan got the polls on 5 October 1970 for the first
time
4. Elements of LFO
• Yahya introduced Legal Framework Order on 30 March
1970, outlining the principles to guide election and
national assembly
5. Reactions of LFO
The leadership of AL, two fractions of
NAP and other democratic political
students and labor organizations
demanded revision of the undemocratic
provision of LFO
NAP(W) observed ‘Demanded Day’ on
26 April 1970 for the repeal of
undemocratic section of LFO
The rightist political leaders remained
fairly satisfied with LFO
6. The Participation of Leftist or
Democratic Progressive Parties
Shaikh Mujibur
Rahman seemed to be
quite confident of the
peoples support
NAP(W), leader of this
party professor
Muzaffar Ahmed,
considered the
election as a part of
the total struggle to be
carried on both inside
and outside the
legislature to establish
socialism eventually
NAP(B), Maulana
Bhashani seemed to
be demonstrate some
ambivalence on the
question of
participation in
election
The participation under those restrictions provoked
controversies the democratic progressive section of elites
9. Social Implication in the Election
Social
Implication
in the
Election
Secular Bengali
Nationalism
mainly advocated
by the 6-Point AL
Progressive
nationalism or
Socialism
preached by NAP
Islamic or Muslim
Nationalism
pursued by the
religious and
communal parties
10. Factors Motivate to Support
Actively on Late of election
Although the election was scheduled to take place on
5 October 1970, it was shifted to 7 December
because of floods in August
In November the coastal areas of East Pakistan were
ravaged by a tidal bore and cyclone
It resulted in heavy loss of lives and property
5,00,000 to 1,000,000 were died and 30,00,000 to
60,00,000 were homeless
11. The Situation before Election
Out of total general seats in the National Assembly,
East Pakistan was allocated 162 seats, the AL fielded
candidates in all seats while NAP(W) and NAP(B) put
up 39 and 14 candidates respectively
But NAP(B) withdraw from the election before a week
for helping flood affected people. Few candidate still
contested
So the election came to be fought between the AL and
rightwing parties in East Pakistan
12. Candidates of Awami League
Older generation
Business group
General public
Landholding
stratum
Nearly 80% of the candidates came from the relatively older generation of the party members
As regards occupational background19% of the candidates belonged to the business and industrial groups of E.P
74% came from various professions such as law, medicine, teaching, journalism, and civil and military services
7% from landholding stratum
13. Golden Bengal
Items East Pakistan West Pakistan
Revenue Expenditure Rs. 1500 Crores Rs. 5000 Crores
Development
Expenditure
Rs. 3000 Crores Rs. 6000 Crores
Foreign Aid 20% 80%
Imports 25% 75%
Central Government
service
15% 85%
Military service 10% 90%
Rice per Maud Rs. 50 Rs. 25
Flour per Maud Rs. 30 Rs. 15
Mustard oil per Maud Rs. 5 Rs. 2.50
Gold per Tola Rs. 175 Rs. 135
