The document discusses the 1970 general election in Pakistan, which was the country's first election based on universal suffrage. Some key points: 1) President Yahya Khan announced elections would be held on October 5, 1970, the first time Pakistan held polls to freely elect representatives. 2) The Awami League seemed confident of support and fielded candidates in all 162 seats of East Pakistan, while left-wing parties like NAP(W) and NAP(B) participated with reservations over restrictions. 3) The Awami League won a decisive victory in the elections, taking 160 of the 162 seats allocated to East Pakistan. This demonstrated strong public support for the party's advocacy of Bengali

1. Welcome to our Presentation
Group- Explorer
University of Dhaka
Marketing 21st

2. The First Pakistan General
Election of 1970

3. Background of Election 1970
The political history of Pakistan from 1947 to 1970
witnessed no general election
Yahya regime decided to hold general election on the
basis of adult franchise at national level
Marshal Muhammad Ayub Khan gave an assurance
that there would be a smooth transfer of power to the
representative of people freely elected
On November 1969 president Yahya announced that
Pakistan got the polls on 5 October 1970 for the first
time

4. Elements of LFO
• Yahya introduced Legal Framework Order on 30 March
1970, outlining the principles to guide election and
national assembly

5. Reactions of LFO
The leadership of AL, two fractions of
NAP and other democratic political
students and labor organizations
demanded revision of the undemocratic
provision of LFO
NAP(W) observed ‘Demanded Day’ on
26 April 1970 for the repeal of
undemocratic section of LFO
The rightist political leaders remained
fairly satisfied with LFO

6. The Participation of Leftist or
Democratic Progressive Parties
Shaikh Mujibur
Rahman seemed to be
quite confident of the
peoples support
NAP(W), leader of this
party professor
Muzaffar Ahmed,
considered the
election as a part of
the total struggle to be
carried on both inside
and outside the
legislature to establish
socialism eventually
NAP(B), Maulana
Bhashani seemed to
be demonstrate some
ambivalence on the
question of
participation in
election
The participation under those restrictions provoked
controversies the democratic progressive section of elites

7. Election Manifesto of 1970

8. The Role of Regime before
Election

9. Social Implication in the Election
Social
Implication
in the
Election
Secular Bengali
Nationalism
mainly advocated
by the 6-Point AL
Progressive
nationalism or
Socialism
preached by NAP
Islamic or Muslim
Nationalism
pursued by the
religious and
communal parties

10. Factors Motivate to Support
Actively on Late of election
 Although the election was scheduled to take place on
5 October 1970, it was shifted to 7 December
because of floods in August
 In November the coastal areas of East Pakistan were
ravaged by a tidal bore and cyclone
 It resulted in heavy loss of lives and property
 5,00,000 to 1,000,000 were died and 30,00,000 to
60,00,000 were homeless

11. The Situation before Election
 Out of total general seats in the National Assembly,
East Pakistan was allocated 162 seats, the AL fielded
candidates in all seats while NAP(W) and NAP(B) put
up 39 and 14 candidates respectively
 But NAP(B) withdraw from the election before a week
for helping flood affected people. Few candidate still
contested
 So the election came to be fought between the AL and
rightwing parties in East Pakistan

12. Candidates of Awami League
Older generation
Business group
General public
Landholding
stratum
 Nearly 80% of the candidates came from the relatively older generation of the party members
 As regards occupational background19% of the candidates belonged to the business and industrial groups of E.P
 74% came from various professions such as law, medicine, teaching, journalism, and civil and military services
 7% from landholding stratum

13. Golden Bengal
Items East Pakistan West Pakistan
Revenue Expenditure Rs. 1500 Crores Rs. 5000 Crores
Development
Expenditure
Rs. 3000 Crores Rs. 6000 Crores
Foreign Aid 20% 80%
Imports 25% 75%
Central Government
service
15% 85%
Military service 10% 90%
Rice per Maud Rs. 50 Rs. 25
Flour per Maud Rs. 30 Rs. 15
Mustard oil per Maud Rs. 5 Rs. 2.50
Gold per Tola Rs. 175 Rs. 135

14. Provincial Party Position
Party Panjab Sind NWFP Baluchistan W.Pakistan E.Pakistan Total
AL 0 0 0 0 0 288 288
PPP 113 28 3 0 144 0 8
PML
(Qayyum)
6 5 10 3 24 0 24
PML
Convention
14 4 1 0 21 1 22
JUI 2 0 4 2 8 0 8
MJUP 4 7 0 0 11 0 11
NAP(
W)
0 0 13 8 21 1 22
JI 1 1 1 0 3 1 4
PML
(council)
6 0 2 0 8 0 8
PDP 4 0 0 0 4 2 6
Others 1 1 0 2 4 1 5
IND 28 14 6 5 53 7 60
Total 180 60 40 20 300 300 600

15. Result of the General Election
Name Number of seats
Awami league 160 seats
NAP(B) 81 seats
Pakistan Democratic Party 35 seats
NAP(W) 6 seats

16. The Achievement of Awami
League