The nominating process and primaries
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The document discusses the nomination process for political candidates in the United States. It outlines five main ways candidates get nominated: 1) self-announcement, 2) caucuses, 3) conventions, 4) direct primaries, and 5) petitions. It provides details on closed and open primaries, explaining the differences between the two systems. The document also notes specifics about Ohio's primary process and timeline.
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The document provides an overview of the Ohio Constitution and how it compares to the United States Constitution. It explains that the Ohio Constitution is the fundamental law of Ohio and is subordinate only to the US Constitution and federal law. It also notes that the Ohio Constitution is much longer than the US Constitution, as it contains more detailed provisions about state elections, local government, education, and other topics. The key differences highlighted are that the Ohio Constitution is more inclusive than the US Constitution and limits state government powers, while the US Constitution delegates powers to the states.
27 Amendments
This document provides information about the 27 amendments to the US Constitution. It summarizes the key aspects of the 1st through 10th amendments related to individual rights and liberties. It then briefly outlines the 13th through 15th amendments addressing slavery and voting rights after the Civil War. The 16th through 19th amendments from the Progressive Era relating to taxation, popular election of senators, prohibition, and women's suffrage are noted. Further amendments regarding voting rights, presidential elections, terms and succession are listed along with the unique circumstances around the 11th, 21st, and 27th amendments. Informal amendments through legislation, executive action, court decisions and custom are also discussed.
Chapter 12 government powerpoint
The document summarizes how a bill becomes law in the House of Representatives. It discusses the first steps of introducing a bill, how bills are handled in committees, how House leaders schedule debate on bills, the process on the House floor, and the final step of passing a bill in the House. Key points covered include bills being assigned to committees for review, the use of discharge petitions if a committee does not act on a bill, and committees gathering information through hearings and trips.
Chapter 11 government notes
The Congress has three types of powers - expressed, implied, and inherent. Expressed powers include regulating commerce, taxation, borrowing, and currency. Implied powers allow Congress to pass laws necessary to exercise its expressed powers. Inherent powers derive from Congress creating the national government. Congress shares war powers with the presidency and has powers over foreign relations, territories, judicial system creation, and impeachment.
Chapter 10 government notes
The Legislative Branch creates laws through Congress, which consists of the Senate and House of Representatives. The Senate has two senators per state who serve six-year terms, while the House has 435 members based on population who serve two-year terms. Members of Congress must be at least 25 years old for the House or 30 for the Senate, citizens for at least seven or nine years respectively, and inhabitants of their states. Their roles include legislating, representing constituents, and overseeing the executive branch through committees. They receive salaries around $174,000 along with various benefits and perks.
Chapter 9 notes
The document summarizes key points about interest groups from a civics textbook chapter. It discusses the nature of interest groups, their role in influencing policy, and comparisons with political parties. It also outlines major types of interest groups based on economic interests or causes, and how groups work to influence public opinion, elections, and policymaking through lobbying.
Chapter 8 government
The document discusses several key aspects of public opinion in the United States, including:
1) Public opinion is difficult to define because there are many groups and many issues to account for.
2) Factors like family, schools, peer groups, media, and historic events influence the development of political opinions over time.
3) Polls are considered the best measure of public opinion, though they are not perfect and public opinion is not the only influence on policy.
Suffrage and civil rights
The 15th Amendment extended suffrage to African American men in 1870 but was not enforced, allowing Southern states to prevent African Americans from voting through violence, taxes, literacy tests, and gerrymandering for over 90 years. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965 made racial discrimination in voting illegal and suspended literacy tests, increasing African American voter turnout. The Voting Rights Act required states with a history of voter discrimination to get federal approval for any changes to election procedures to prevent continued disenfranchisement.
The right to vote
The document outlines the history and expansion of voting rights in the United States. It discusses how originally only white male property owners could vote, but over time restrictions were lifted to allow more groups to vote, such as eliminating property ownership, giving women the right to vote, and lowering the voting age. It also describes how while states have power over voting qualifications, they cannot deprive anyone of the right to vote based on race, color, gender, or by requiring payment of a tax if they are over 18 years old.
Chapter 5 government notes
The document discusses the origins and roles of political parties in the United States. It describes how the early Democratic-Republican and Federalist parties evolved from disagreements over the ratification of the Constitution. It also outlines the typical membership demographics of today's two major parties - Democrats and Republicans. Additionally, it summarizes several prominent third parties in the US and categorizes them based on their ideological focus or origins.
Two party system
The document discusses the two-party system of American government. It provides historical context for how the two-party system emerged and has been maintained over time through factors like single-member districts, winner-take-all elections, and laws protecting the major parties. While the two parties aim to find consensus, there have been times of ideological division in US history around issues like the Civil War and Vietnam War. The document also contrasts the two-party system with multiparty systems in other countries.
Federalism the division of power
Federalism is a system of government where power is divided between a central national government and several regional or state governments, each with their own set of powers. Certain powers are delegated to the national government, such as collecting taxes and declaring war. Other powers are reserved for state governments, like requiring professional licenses and establishing public schools. Some powers are shared between both levels of government, including taxing and defining crimes. The Constitution and 10th Amendment outline this division of powers to maintain a balance of power between the federal and state governments.
Flow chart the coming of independence
This document provides instructions for creating a flow chart to visually represent steps or events in time order. The topic is written at the top of the chart and steps or events are listed below in the correct sequential order. A flow chart is a visual way to organize and represent a process or timeline.
Constitutional convention creating constitution
The Constitutional Convention was called in Philadelphia in 1787 to replace the Articles of Confederation. Delegates debated plans like the Virginia Plan, which proposed a strong federal government, and the New Jersey Plan, which supported state equality. They compromised with the Great Compromise, which created a bicameral Congress. They also agreed to the Three-Fifths Compromise to determine representation of slaves. The delegates established three branches of government and a process for amending the Constitution. After signing, the Constitution had to be ratified by nine states, which was achieved in 1788, establishing the new U.S. government.
Our political beginnings
The document discusses the political beginnings of American government, including the basic concepts of ordered, limited, and representative government that developed in England and were brought to the English colonies. It specifically mentions landmark English documents like the Magna Carta, Petition of Right, and Bill of Rights that limited the power of the king and established rights. The document also describes the different types of English colonies - royal, proprietary, and charter - and how their governments were structured.
Government chapter 1 section 1 powerpoint
The document discusses several key concepts related to government and politics. It defines government as the institution that makes and enforces public policy. It also discusses the three basic powers of government - legislative, executive, and judicial. Additionally, it outlines four theories on the origins of the state and compares democracy to dictatorship. The purpose of the US government as stated in the preamble to the constitution is also summarized.
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The nominating process and primaries
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