Modals are words that express modality in English grammar. Modality refers to the expression of possibility, probability, necessity and other subjective attitudes. In English, modality is expressed through both grammatical mood and modal verbs. Modal verbs are a type of auxiliary verb that are neutral and defective. They lack a separate third person form and non-tensed forms. Only verbs can function as modals in English, specifically modal verbs like can, may, must, shall, as well as quasi-modal verbs like ought to, had better. Modal verbs allow speakers to express what is possible, probable or necessary.

1. The Modal in English
Grammar
Made by: Kurmanbekova Nazaiym and Alieva Imrana HLMK 1-20A

2. Content
 Modals
 Modality
 Modal verbs
 Examples

3. What is it?
Modals are words that express modality.
Modals function within verb phrases
functioning as predicates. Only one
grammatical form can perform the
function of modal in English. The one
grammatical form that can function as the
modal is the verb.

4. MODALITY
 Modality is the grammaticalized expression of the subjective
attitudes and opinions of the speaker including possibility,
probability, necessity, obligation, permissibility, ability, desire,
and contingency.

5. MODALITY
Modality allows language users to express
what is, what would be, what may be, and
what should be.

6.  All languages express modality through either
grammatical mood or modal systems (or both).
 The English language expresses modality
through grammatical mood and modal verbs.

7.  Modal verbs are a type of auxiliary verb in English grammar. Unlike prototypical
English verbs, modal verbs are both neutral and defective. The neutralization of
modal verbs refers to the fact that modal verbs lack a separate third person
singular simple present tense form. The defectiveness of modal verbs refers to the
fact that modal verbs lack non-tensed forms. Quasi-modal verbs are a subset of
modal verbs that possess some but not all grammatical properties of prototypical
modal verbs.
MODAL VERBS

8.  Modal verbs and quasi-modal verbs perform the grammatical
function of modal. For example:
 I can work late tomorrow.
 You might want to clean your carpets.
 She would wear neon pink to a funeral.
 We need not worry so much.
 They ought to remember to lock the hallway doors.
 Marka and Shelia should never have gone to the theater.

9.  The only grammatical form that can function as the modal in the English language
is the verb, specifically the modal
verbs can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, and would and the quasi-
modal verbs ought (to), had better (had best), used to, dare, and need.

10. Bibliography
 ENFlGLISH GRAMMAR by Т.Н. Хомутова 2020
 Bloch M.Y. A course in theoretical English grammar. – M., 2008.