The Last Day Of A Condemned Man By Victor Hugo And In Cold...

The Last Day of a Condemned Man by Victor Hugo and In Cold...
One debate that is surrounded by the death penalty is the humanity of it. Can we consider making
someone wait for months, and even more realistically years, to be put to death? In the books The
Last Day of a Condemned Man and In Cold Blood, both narrators tell the tale of impending death.
While The Last Day of a Condemned Man is told in a first person view, In Cold Blood is told from a
third person. Although from different views, each tells the trials and tribulations of approaching the
death penalty. The Last Day of a Condemned Man wrote by Victor Hugo, is told by a man who is
waiting on death row for a crime never established. Based on 1829 France and the reign of terror,
from the beginning of the novel to the end you see the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
That quote gives you a real sense of the suffering one feels while they are on death row. Although
Capote does not use the same metaphor in In Cold Blood, illness is also a part of the novel. Capote
uses mental heath as a statement when it came to Perry. Although Capote never comes right out and
says it, both him and Perry seem to have a little bit of mental illness. While Perry showed signs of
mental illness before the murders, his incarceration also seems to intensify it. Perry was diagnosed
with schizophrenia and extreme paranoia. With death constantly looming over his head, the paranoid
thoughts he suffered from continued and became more prevalent. Since 1983, over 60 people with
mental illness or retardation have been executed in the United States. It is also known that mental
illness increases thirty percent when in incarceration. In both novels the criminals were put to death
in inhumane ways. In The Last Day of a Condemned Man, the man is put to death by the guillotine,
and in In Cold Blood, hanging killed both Perry and Dick. While the guillotine was a new, and more
accurate way of killing than the axe, it still did not always work. Also, the beheading was done out
in the square in front of all to see. This humiliating experience is the last thing the convicted would
see. Also, many times the convicted would be killed in batches and would be forced to watch the
others in front of them be killed. Hanging, although used for a
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Poem Analysis By Sylvia Plath
Initially, I wanted to copy my poem from last year as I had no idea what to write about. I did not do
this because fear of failure prevented me from cheating. It was from this anxiety that this poem was
inspired. The intended purpose of this poem was to convey how trying to succeed in year twelve
stresses me out. I wanted to mirror Sylvia Plath's expression of her mental illness through extended
metaphors in her poem Ariel. Where Plath uses the extended metaphor of the fairy tale character
`Ariel as a metaphor for her depression, my poem highlights anxiety through the extended metaphor
of bed sheets. The context for Sheets is my struggles with my increasing anxiety as I progress
through year twelve and adolescence into adulthood. My poem highlights the internal conflict with
anxiety and the want to succeed in school. This engages my audience as I feel anxiety is common
among students. Both poems are private as they are expressing the private thoughts of both poets
who have different experiences with their mental illness. Plath's target audience was largely adults
who are severely mentally ill in a conservative society. Mine, however, are adolescents experiencing
anxiety in a modern society that understand mental illness. This is due using personal pronouns and
the writing style that speaks to young people as the imagery of wallowing in a bed under a great
amount of stress speaks to young people. The poetic conventions that are featured in my poem
convey how I am under a

Higgs Case
1.Define truthfulness, according to Higgs, and explain how a truthful doctor would convey
complicated, technical information to a patient without medical training and significant anxiety
about his or her condition?
⦁ According to Higgs, truthfulness can be thought as the : disclosing the information of someone to
them without misleading their information. In a medical situation, for example, a doctor should
reveal relevant information regarding the nature of illness of his patients, without saying anything
that he believe to be false.
⦁ A doctor should convey these information by simplifying the terminology of the illness or issue
that a patient is currently suffering from, explaining it in reasonable terms, and as a reasonable
person, for ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the current situation, a physician is withholding a portion of information about the treatment that
is used to treat the patient melanomas (10% of those whom survive can contract a form of leukemia)
from his/her patient because the doctor is afraid that if he/she disclose the truth of the 10% to her
patient, it may unduly alarm her. After, it may causes her to deny the treatment and thereby, spoiling
the patient's chance for long term survival. However, in this situation, the patient is deciding a
decision for his/her patient, without taking into considerations of the patient's right of autonomy and
of self determination. Higgs also brought upon the "Principle of Ethics", which mentioned one part:
that a physician at all time, deal honestly with his/her patients or colleagues. Therefore, i believe that
Higgs would recommend the physician to tell his/her patient about the downside of the treatment
and perhaps, let the patient decide whether or not he/she want to continue with the treatment or

Analysis Of Illness As Metaphor By Susan Sonag
Illness has always been a part of human life. Even with modern medicine and technical advances,
illnesses and diseases such as AIDS and cancer have a high mortality rate. Everyone knows at least
someone who had some sort of illness in their life. It's an inescapable fact of life. Because of this,
people have developed many ways to handle possessing an illness. Some simply treat it a logical
and medical way, while others try to draw meaning from the situation and experience. One such
person named Susan Sontag, takes a complex and sometimes backward approach to understanding
and dealing with having an illness in her book "Illness as Metaphor". In the preface of "Illness as
Metaphor", Sontag starts off with this extended metaphor which ... Show more content on
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Continuing on a similar path, Sontag puts a very dark and eerie undertone to the kingdom of the sick
and illnesses. In the very first line of the metaphor she compares illness to being "the night–side of
life" and "more onerous" than health itself. Using night as a comparison for this primal fear we have
of the dark and the unknown, really speaks to the reader about how illness is this separate dismal
part of life, almost shrouded in shadows of difficulty and misery. This is really emphasized when she
states "we all prefer to use only the good passport." If it wasn't such a difficult and trying thing, she
wouldn't have said that people prefer to not visit the kingdom of the sick. This further drives the
separation between the two kingdoms since the kingdom of the sick is avoided and shown as
unwelcoming place. Overall, Sontag really delivers the disparity between the two aspects of life, and
how just having a sickness itself is debilitating in its own right. In a sort of backwards manner,
Sontag is showing through her metaphor the very issue with how we perceive illness. She
emphasizes over and over how the two kingdoms are so different and separate, and how the
kingdom of the sick is not somewhere where you would want to be. However, is this how someone
who is sick would like to be perceived; separately,

Rhetorical Analysis Of We Stop The Next Aurora By David Dow
Dean Alexander
Professor Huggins
English–101
10, October 2017
Rhetorical analysis In the article, We stop the next Aurora not with gun control but with better
mental health by David Dow a tense message is delivered. Dow argues that the two most common
policy positions on mass shootings are lacking in thought. One policy is that there should be stricter
gun laws and the other is that more people should be able to carry and conceal firearms. Dow states
that both of these policies should be discarded. Dow believes that the guns are not the problem, but a
person with severe mental illness is the problem .The core message behind the passage is that the
mental illness inside of a person is to blame for these tragedies, not the guns in the hand

Literary Devices In Migraine
The song Migraine is about depression, and mental illness. When he is referring to his migraine he's
talking about his depression and suicidal thoughts. When the singer says "behind my face and above
my throat" he's referring to the struggle he's going threw due to depression. The theme of the song is
about the singer's mind and what he's going threw. The singer goes thru a lot of pain and suffering,
the lyrics "Shadows will scream that I'm alone" and "I'm not as fine as I seem pardon" show his
emotions. The singer uses literary devices to describe the things he's going through. Some of the
ones he used is metaphors, symbolism, and imagery. The metaphors he used were "behind my
eyelids are islands of violence" is a metaphor for all the anger

Critical Analysis Of Here And Away By Neil Hilborn
Here and Away: The art of going away for a while and then finding your way back home
Neil Hilborn's poem, "Here and Away" is about not letting a rough patch end your life and to keep
living and to keep trying. By looking at these three areas of topic, the message of the poem will
become clearer. The first area is, the poetic devices used throughout the poem, the biographical
information about Neil and by looking through the lense of the critical perspective. We can see that
this poem was written as a personal poem and was used to describe to others that this is not the end
of the world and you can overcome obstacles that stand in your way.
The poem contains a multitude of metaphors, Neil uses these metaphors to give the reader an idea of
just how difficult having mental illness and living with it is. "I've been burned so much i'm not me
anymore, i'm a stupid puppet version of me. He has been hurt by so many people and he refers to
that as being burned, so many people have took all of the right pieces of him he doesn't know who
he is anymore and to say he is a puppet would be saying that he is not in control of himself at this
point of the poem. Things get so dark when a person is suffering with mental illness that there are
times when you think that you will never see the light again because of the bad situation you're in,
Neil explains this with a metaphor. "There are days that i cannot find the sun even though it's right
outside my goddamn window." There are lots of metaphors throughout the poem, but i found a very
good simile that is mixed with an allusion he used. "Getting out of bed feels like the key in the
doomsday machine." This is explaining that getting out of bed is difficult because of the the
depression he faces, and the allusion would be "Doomsday machine" that is from a famous movie
series called Star Trek, it is a clock in reference to society. It is the clock that ticks down to a man
made global catastrophe. Neil uses the definition to imply that getting out of bed would result in
doomsday, the end of the world, the end of his world. He begins his poem by building a base of
what people can relate to and tries to give personal coping strategies to try and aid those who need
it. The house

The Seneca Falls Convention Of 1848
The Seneca Falls Convention of 1848 was a catalyst that allowed millions of women all over the
world to fight for empowerment. The traditional mindset of the society was that women were not
entitled to the same rights as men. This issue was not acknowledged in a major way until the 1800s.
Women's rights activists such as Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and Alice Paul made it
their life goal to make sure that women were granted the same rights and liberties as the men around
them. These women had to fight because they were not granted the rights due to a traditional
mentality that viewed women as property and as people who should not have opinions. In 1920, the
19th amendment was passed and gave women the right to vote. Although ... Show more content on
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Claudius Elmer(Bud) Watts III, the Citadel's president, did not let Shannon Faulkner be accepted to
the Citadel with ease. He treated Faulkner's "legal efforts as an enemy invasion" (Faludi 83) and this
meant that she was "placing his young troops "under attack"' (Faludi 83). He later admitted that "the
cadets would have faced "a different form of intimidation– not wanting to be embarrassed in front of
a girl"" (Faludi 83). Allowing the women to train in the Citadel would mean that the men cadets
would be punished in front of the women, leading to embarrassment. Being embarrassed in front of
men is different from being embarrassed in front of women because the level of intimidation faced
would increase since their male superiority is decreasing. The strategy of saying that women serve
as a threat to the manhood of the cadets in the Citadel is similar to how GlaxoSmithKline, a
pharmaceutical company, uses the strategy of saying that untreated depression would lead to "an
enormous economic cost" (Watters 526). The economic cost of untreated depression would be
"counted in lost man hours and decreased productivity. In this way, the lure of the drug, especially to
the younger generation, was tied to ideas about competition in the global marketplace" (Watters
526). There is fierce competition to work and provide for finances and the family. If man hours and
productivity are decreased, then this will majorly

Haidt's Theory Summary
Given the mind and the body are two very intricate and complicated functions, and the relationship
between the two is very complex, it is essential to remember that both functions are not merely
restricted to a system of internal processes. Psychiatrist P. Quinton Deeley quoted that our mental
and physical states are "integrated into characteristic modes of response to the social and physical
environment." (Deeley 8) Deeley combines his perspective of this ideology with Geoffrey Samuel's
ecological theory which is known as the "modal state.' The patterns of relations between humans
and their social and physical environments are explained by this theory. (Deeley 7) For example,
each individual modal state "corresponds to certain physiological ... Show more content on
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The reader is made aware of Connie's mental state first hand and the disconnection from physical
functions. For example, "she had wanted to cooperate, to grow well" but she was unable to "stop
acting out". (Piercy 22) It is clear that Connie definitely feared losing control over her physicality.
Connie had described one of the treatments that she would receive by the doctors as "they would
send voltage smashing through your brain and knock your body into convulsions...you come back to
life, somebody's life..."(Piercy 30) We can see that the story showcases Connie's efforts in
overcoming the barrier that separates her mind and body. Connie's mental conversion to the
futuristic world of Mattapoisett throughout the novel demonstrates her determination to overcome
her illness. Through this illusion and futuristic world, Connie was able to become somewhat sane,
which is what provided her with power over her own mind. Conversely in reality, her "body is
where it was...not really here". (Piercy 28) Although Connie seems to be experiencing the division
between mind and body, similar to Haidt's theories, the fake world of Mattapoisett offered Connie
an outlet with which to experience healing. This proves that even if we are unable to achieve the
desired

An Old Man's Winter Night
In "An Old Man's Winter Night" Robert Frost uses various metaphors to show an old man's life
coming to an end. Frost's metaphors are used in the themes of nature, isolation, and symbolism.
Throughout the poem he uses analogies to enable the reader to view his work from numerous
perspectives. His comparisons allows the reader to envision the oncoming death of the speaker.
Frost's analogies appeals to the reader because they are very pragmatic. Nature plays a huge role in
every poem written by Frost. Nature is displayed numerous times throughout this poem. In lines 1–3
it says "All out of doors looked darkly in at him through the thin frost, almost in separate stars, that
gathers on the pane in empty rooms." There is lots of nature displayed throughout this poem,
frequently demonstrated in the form of personification. Also in lines 18–20 it says, " He consigned
to the moon, such as she was, so late–arising, to the broken moon as better than the sun in any case
for such a charge, his snow upon the roof, his icicles along the wall to keep;" All throughout this
poem death is foreshadowed. In lines 1–3 it says "All out of doors looked darkly in at him through
the thin frost, almost in separate stars, that gathers on the pane in empty rooms." Nature is
personifying death in these lines. The old man does not want to die yet, but death is looking right in
at him and he cannot keep it away. Death is approaching the old man. There is also lots of imagery
displayed in this line. The

Essay on Hamlet Metaphor
Iterative use of vivid and detailed imagery in a piece of literature is often a way of expressing a
theme or concept in a literary work. This is the case in William Shakespeare"'"s Hamlet, a revenge
tragedy that continually depicts the vibrant metaphors of manifesting corruption and festering
disease in order to auger the impending calamities in the state of Denmark. Throughout
Shakespeare"'"s play, there are successive images of deterioration, decay and death. These images
are skilfully accomplished through the use of metaphors of rotting and dead gardens. Shakespeare
wonderfully creates these metaphors that add great dimension to the play of Hamlet.
The garden metaphor is all throughout the play of Hamlet. This metaphor can be viewed ... Show
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This '"'unweeded garden'"' is Denmark"'"s state before Claudius"'"s rule. It shows that under
Claudius"'"s rule Denmark '"'grows to seed'"' from his neglect and corruption. The fact that Hamlet
feels that the garden is '"'grow[ing] to seed,'"' means that he recognizes that Denmark is not going to
regain control under Claudius"'"s rule. His rule will lead to the fall of Denmark. Another important
point in this quote is that through the metaphor Hamlet sees Denmark as being completely taken
over by things that are rank and gross like the corruption of characters like Polonius and Claudius.
This passage is very important in Hamlet because it is the first reference to a garden in dismay and
more importantly, it references to the horrible condition that Denmark is in.
Another instance where Shakespeare creates a metaphor between the state of Denmark and a garden
is when Marcellus says to Horatio '"'Something is rotten in the state of Denmark'"' (1.4.67). This
passage is very important in the play because it shows that Hamlet is not the only person concerned
with the position that Denmark is in. This metaphor is hinting that Denmark is being left untended
by the protector King Claudius. As the king, Claudius should be tending to Denmark to make it
flourish and grow instead, Claudius neglects it and Denmark begins to wither away and eventually
dies under his rule. This disregard of his '"'garden'"' shows that Claudius is the wrong person on the

Summary Of Funeral Blues And The Sun Rises
Love transcends time and natural elements The poems Funeral Blues by WH Auden, and The Sun
Rises by John Donne, offer two views on the experience of love on a universal proportion. Auden
suggests that without love, the world should cease to continue, similarly Donne alludes to concepts
of time having no business in his love. Donne's personifies the sun as accuses the sun, giver of life
to the universe as a, "busy old fool, unruly Sun, Why dost thou thus," and questions to "thy (the
suns) motions a lovers seasons run?" This immediately shows that Donne is portraying that the sun
and implicitly time, has no control over their love. Auden uses a hyperbole full of rich symbolism to
illustrate the pain the narrator is in as a result of the loss of their loved one. They address an
unknown audience, calling to "(The stars are not wanted now); put out every one; Pack up the moon
and dismantle the sun." This shows that without love present in their life there is no need for time
anymore, and likewise to Donne, that time should follow their desires and cease to exist. This is also
representative of the black void left behind by their loss, proposing the metaphor of their lover being
his, "north, south, east and west", and the source of light in their lives. Donne takes a similar stance
on love claiming, "If her eyes have not blinded thine," implying her eyes are brighter than the sun
itself. The final line of the poem uses visual imagery as the room is described, "Thy bed centre,
these walls, thy sphere", this immediately creates an unusual image to the reader, as walls are
traditionally rectangular. However the effect of this leads the reader to understand that the sun has
been invited to revolve around the lovers, as time has no effect on them, hence it must follow their
desires. Additionally Donne uses simple short clauses, such as "she is all states, and all princes I,
nothing else is." The use of these short clauses creates an energetic tone, which captures the poem's
emotion. Funeral blues, does not fit the traditional elegy structure, despite its tone of despair, but
rather it is irregular in its form. This has the effect of emphasing words as it does in the first stanza,
with "Silence the pianos and with

The Power Of Metaphors
Metaphors can be used in a way to help relate to others an experience or feeling that and is difficult
to describe to people who have never been in that situation and who may not understand. I have
used various forms of metaphors in the past to describe my chronic illness. I have used this language
to help myself and others conceptualize my disease. "It's all in your head." I don't know how many
times I have heard that metaphor being used to describe my symptoms. When I first was diagnosed
with my illness, my doctors used metaphors like, "we will use all the weapons at our disposal" or
"your body is trying to destroy rogue cells. " My mom's favorite metaphor to use when describing
my disease is that my life "is a marathon, not a sprint and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
"You can't see it but it's there. It's an invisible disease." If you were to do a scan of my thyroid gland,
you would not see any physical problems. Tracy el al says, "Each of these metaphors, albeit in
different ways, highlights more promising ways for framing and perhaps transforming the ...
experience." (2006, 175) Using these metaphors gives power to an experience. I have often used
metaphors like the ones used in the Tracy et al reading. Many times I have described that my body is
a nightmare that I can't escape from. Using this metaphor has shown my sister that I sometimes feel
like a prisoner in my own body. The author states that when people use this metaphor it helps people
"understand the complete lack of control targeted workers feel they have in changing the situation. "
(Tracy el al, 2006, 163) Another metaphor that I commonly use is that my disease feels like a battle.
This is a common metaphor that is used to help people like me look at my disease in a different way.
Tracy et al says that this metaphor is, "perhaps the most liberating, because a fighter has some
control over the outcome of a battle." (Tracy el al, 2006, 172–173) I have used these metaphors time
and time again to help others conceptualize my disease. It is a way for us to connect and see that it is
not scary and they don't have to feel bad for me. It is an easier way for us all to understand each

Summary Of General Hospital's Metaphors
Pregnancy can be a challenging time for any woman, not only do women have to adapt to a
constantly changing body but they also have to learn to manage the waves of hormones that are
being produced by their prenatal bodies. According to Massachusetts General Hospital's article
"Pharmacologic Treatment During Pregnancy: Weighing the risk", up to 20% percent of women deal
with mental illness during pregnancy and women who have histories of mental illness are
"particularly vulnerable" ( ). Not only do women have to deal with their own changing impressions
of themselves they also have the burden of other people's opinions of their pregnant bodies. The
poem "Metaphors" depicts a very self–deprecating view of pregnancy and the speaker seems to

Invictus Figurative Language Essay
Invictus by William Earnest Henley contains a multitude of figurative language, imagery, and
symbolism. The poem's influential message is expressed these elements of speech. The use of
figurative language, imagery and symbolism in Invictus revolve around the theme that a person is in
charge of their own fate. Many metaphor, similes and personification flow throughout the poem;
they help enrich the images and feelings that Henley describes. The first metaphor Henley uses is
"Out of the night that covers me" (1), describes the pain and suffering he has endured during his
sickness using the word "night" which is often associated with darkness therefore suggesting his
pain. In that same metaphor we can find an example of personification, Henley ... Show more
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Most of the imagery used are adjectives that relate to the horrors of despair that he feels when he is
first going through his illness and later using adjectives to describe his bravery that allowed him to
take control of his own fate. The first stanza contains a vast amount of imagery beginning with the
second line using the simile "Black as the pit from pole to pole"(2) to convey that his illness was a
dark and miserable time and that his pain was so severe that it went from the South to the North
pole. The second stanza contains another piece of imagery, which is, "My head is bloody, but
unbowed" (8). In this line he defines his deceitful fate and the punishment fate has put him through.
The word "unbowed" shows the strong self–control he has accomplished during his struggle. This
line is probably most important to the meaning as a whole because it displays how strong and
courageous the author is. In the third stanza, Henley says, "Beyond this place of wrath and tears"
(9). In this line he is portraying a flash of anger and grief; this reveals what Henley actually felt
during the time of his sickness. The use of the imagery runs through the poem to make the details
vivid and make the story come to life. With the use of imagery comes the use of

Susan Sontag 's The Devil 's Bait
Our eyes unconsciously record thousands upon thousands of bits of information every second. Our
brain then acts as a filter to sort out what it thinks is useful and what is not. By doing this, the brain
guides us into seeing only what is important. We never see the full picture; just what our brain
guides us to see. Metaphors act in the same way in that they guide how people view certain topics
and issues. A specific metaphor that becomes accepted by a large enough population of community
will determine how most people in the community view that issue. In a way the metaphor skews the
perception of those who hear it. This was the case for the metaphors of cancer in the late 20th
century which we can see through Susan Sontag's piece, "Illness as Metaphor". We can also see this
manifested in metaphors associated with people diagnosed with Morgellons' disease in Leslie
Johnson's narrative, "The Devil's Bait". Both pieces deal with how metaphors have shaped the
outlook of patients of their respective diseases. Metaphors obscure and shift our understanding of
disease and pain away from the full truth into a smaller and less understanding perspective. The
similarities between the metaphor of cancer as death and Morgellons as a farce prove that metaphors
of disease isolate patients diagnosed with those diseases. For much of the 19th century into the early
20th century, tuberculosis was the disease with false connotations attached to it, but as time passed
and the cause and cure of

Figurative Language In The Bell Jar Sylvia Plath
Cahalan explains the complexity and unpredictability of the brain and its disorders in another part of
the book, by comparing it to Christmas lights. Just like in the seizure examples, this metaphor more
effectively explains a hard to comprehend topic with figurative language. Cahanlan writes, "The
mind is like a circuit of Christmas tree lights. When the brain works. Well, all of the lights twinkle
brilliantly, and it's adaptable enough that often even if one bulb goes out the rest will still shine one."
This potral of a christmas tree is a physical image most readers can picture and relate to a healthy
brain. The explanation continues, "But depending on where the damage is, sometimes that one
blown bulb can make the whole strand go dark" ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example, James Tolan, in his poem "MRI" uses this strategy to let the reader know that the
medical procedure he is going through is related to death. The poem begins, "Inside this grave,"
(Tolan 2017) referring to the MRI machine. This metaphor works first and foremost because of the
physical similarities between the two objects. Both a grave and MRI machine surround a person in a
tight, confined, dark space. He also compares the machine to a grave because of the circumstances
of him being in it. The author mentions later in the poem the doctors are using the MRI to evaluate
the state of his cancer. By comparing the MRI machine to a grave the reader can infer that his
chances of the author living are not good and will likely result in his death. By starting the poem out
like this he has effectively told the reader the mood and situation of the poem without coming out
and saying he is

The Myth Of Mental Illness Thomas Szasz Summary
In the article, "The Myth of Mental Illness" written by Thomas S. Szasz, Szasz states that the
concept of mental illness is essentially inconsistent because it is based on the evidence that it occurs
due to the nervous system disorders, specifically brain disorders, which marks themselves through
irregular thought processes. Szasz argues in opposition to the predisposition of psychiatrists to mark
people who are "disabled by living" as mentally ill. In addition, Szasz believes that there is not any
real illnesses of the mind, and is rather a metaphor that is not valid. He thinks that it is inappropriate
to categorize mental illnesses as diseases. Furthermore, mental illness is rationally illogical as well
as has harmful consequences. Psychotherapy helps people gain more knowledge about them, others,
and life as stated by Szasz. Firstly, mental illness is a metaphorical disease. According to the article,
"disease" implies a biological process that has an impact on the body of living organisms, such as
plants, humans, and animals. "Mental illness" indicated the unwanted thoughts, feelings, and
behaviors that one performs. Organizing thoughts, feelings, and behaviors as diseases is an ethical
and semantic error. Those who have a brain disease or heart diseases are in critical condition and are
sick, but those ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Insanity is a permissible concept that consists of the courtroom purpose that a human is not qualified
of creating mindful intent and cannot be held guilty for a criminal act. No human should be
exempted of law–breaking or any other offense on the foundation of opinion decreed by psychiatric
or mental health experts. Excusing a human of responsibility for a criminal act is an act of lawful
humanity impersonating as an act of medical science. In addition, one who is merciful or merciless
toward lawbreakers is a ethical complication, which is not related to the real expertise of medical

Illness As Metaphor Chapter 1 Summary
Journal 1 Sontag, Susan. "1." Illness as Metaphor. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1978. 5–8.
Print. Susan introduces and explores the literal meaning of illness by citing evidence of the
widespread treatments to cancer and tuberculosis patients. She argues in the chapter 1 that "cancer
patients are lied to, not just because the disease is death sentence, but because it is felt to be
obscene" (9). Susan organizes the discussion centering on the theme that illness divides people apart
in the rest of the chapter. She uses the example of cardiac patients who are not so much avoided by
relatives and friend because they consider cardiac is a mechanism failure, unlike cancer is caused by
something obscene. She ascribes theses commonly found phenomenon to the effect of metaphors.
"The metaphors attached to TB and to cancer imply living processes of a particularly resonant and
horrid kind" (9). I like the second part of the essay where she explains the phenomenon by
associating it with metaphor. It introduces the title of the book, Illness as Metaphor, and intrigue me
to read further. Journal 2 Sontag, Susan. "1." Illness as Metaphor. New York: Farrar, Straus and
Giroux, 1978. 8–17. Print. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
She comments that "Humankind lingers unregenerately in Plato's Cave, still reveling, its age–old
habit, in mere images of the truth." (3). "The Plato's Cave," examines the theme – the illusion of
images. She compares photographs to the shadow in the Plato's Cave, the prisoners or the human see
the shadow on the wall and is trapped to believe what they see is the truth. Pointed, such comment
leads me to think of the many people who watch the reports on the news and without individual
judgment of the reliability. Like the image of the cave, the image on the television might be merely a
carefully manipulated fallacy. Indeed, human is too easily tricked to trust the image; however, the
image is only an image of

Emotional Analysis Of Visiting Hour By Norman Maccaaig
Visiting hour
The poem "visiting hour" by Norman MacCaig creates a strong emotional response it it's a very sad
poem and will make the reader sad. The poem is about a man in a hospital, during visiting hour,
visiting a loved one. He takes us on his journey through this hospital where all he sees is death and
illness. As he walks down the corridor he tries not to show emotion, although this changes the
minute he sees his loved one in a coma which reminds him where she is, and of her illness. He uses
lots of techniques to express his pain and sadness, which makes the reader imagine his pain and
sorrow creating the emotional response in the reader.
In the first couple of stanzas the poet, Norman MacCaig, creates a strong emotional response ...
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When the poet enters the room his loved one lies in she is in a coma, "eyelids too heavy to raise",
which gives the reader a sinking feeling as the poet realises she hasn't got any better, maybe she has
got worst. She is lying there still and lifeless which brings the sadness back to the reader as no one
want to walk into a room and see their loved one lying in a coma. The poet then notices the "glass
fang", which is a metaphor for vampire but then he says the reality that this "glass fang" is "not
guzzling but giving" and is probably what is keeping her alive, even though it looks like it is
draining her of life. It causes a very strong emotional response as the reader wouldn't want to see
their loved one on the bed with a "glass fang" in them.
In the final stanza, he makes the reader sad as he assumes the inevitable will happen and she will
die. He expresses this through metaphors such as a "black figure in her white cave", which is a
reference to the bright white hospital rooms and although he is the black figure he thinks she just
sees a shadow which could be the grim reaper or even death himself, coming to end her journey. No
one wants to deal with the sorrow of losing a loved one for good, as

Metaphors In Hamlet
Shakespeare uses metaphors and tone to stress the development of mental illness in the character
Hamlet throughout "Hamlet". Mental illness is defined as conditions that affect mood, thinking, or
behavior. Hamlet represents a character affected by mental illness. Hamlet in his first lines describes
his pain and suffering simulating signs of depression, a form of mental illness. Early in his
introduction Hamlet describes his feelings regarding the death of his father and sudden marriage of
his mother and uncle. His mother asks Hamlet to stop his mourning. Hamlet responds by explaining
his morning is not a fallacy "I know not seems tis not alone my inky cloak, good mother, Nor
customary suits of solemn black nor windy suspiration of forced breath" (I, ii, 76–79). Shakespeare
uses words like black and inky cloak, to develop a dark and solemn tone; furthermore, this tone
allows the character of Hamlet to develop a dark and depressed attitude thus reflecting his internal
depression. Shakespeare also uses metaphors to develop the idea of Hamlet's depression. Hamlet
conveys multiple symptoms of depression one being thoughts of suicide. Hamlet often debates about
his death and what the effects would be if he did die. Hamlet also debates life after death and
questions religion. Hamlet describes death as " this too too sallied flesh would melt, thaw and
resolve itself into dew" (I, ii, 129–130). Shakespeare compares flesh melting to the resolving of
dew; this comparison

Susan Sontag Metaphors On Mental Health
"A pen is mightier than a sword." Looks could oppose the aspect of one's power. Power, in this case,
lies within the insightful state of the mind of one's well–being. Being said, each individual's mind
runs on a different perspective and often battles between optimistic thinking and depression. Susan
Sontag draws an inspiring argument that the state of illness is not directly physical, but rather mental
by applying the use of metaphors, elaborative explanations, and applying own references and
experiences to create an illusion on mental illness. Sontag uses a great deal of metaphors throughout
the passage. Regarding that illness is a part of life, she makes a wonderful comparison with illness
to regions and "kingdom of the well and in the kingdom of the sick," and emphasizes her metaphors
with words like, "passport" and citizenship." Elaborating onto that the "illness" she's referring to is
not physical, suggests it's mental and this meaning that each individual has two states of mental
thinking, negative and positive. She also includes that "illness is not a metaphor," which adds
controversy to this passage, but this means mental illness shouldn't be compared, but should be
taken literally. People choose to think and live optimistic or pessimistic based on occurred events.
Illness is not something to compare and contrast, but more like cause and effect. ... Show more
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She believes that negative thinking shouldn't be considered something people should try to resist.
Proving that in the most negative environment and balancing moral values would be "the healthiest
way of being ill." Anyone could get impacted by this. Don't let the "sick kingdom" be a distraction
or something to resist, but something to be learned and taught for each

Meaning Of Jessica's Illness
The societal roots and meanings of Jessica's illness The meaning that Jessica gave to her illness
inscribed itself in images of beauty and power that Western pop culture propagates. Jessica's
involvement in the toxic relationship with Michael fitted into literary and cinematographic clichés.
Jessica liked the idea of being "a tortured soul" (Jessica, 2015). She glamorized the depression, the
sadness because she thought that others would find appeal in her suffering: "I liked the sad beauty of
a pretty happy girl who at the end of the day is lonely and miserable because she's the damsel in
distress who needs to be rescued by the tortured boy who's so handsome and tough but really lonely.
He needs the girl to swoop in, fix him and they love ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
69). Jessica's story confirms Mattingly's argument. She acknowledged that the reason for her
relatively fast remission, besides her short history of eating disorder, was her "tendency to treat
[herself] as a case study" (Jessica, 2015). As a case study, she extensively shared her story and
secrets with other patients and documented her experience through summer journals. The positive
effects of occupational therapy on her mental and physical health are undeniable: "I think
understand all the reasons why my ED happened to me. And I'm grateful that it did. I have learned
so much about myself because of recovery. I consider myself luckier than a lot of people. I feel no
guilt nor shame about my illness" (Jessica,

Stereotypes In Alfred Hitchcock's Psycho
During the last few decades in North America mental illness has finally started gaining the
recognition it deserves. Yet the mentally ill still suffer from negative stigma and stereotypes. One of
the sources of this stigma are films like Alfred Hitchcock's Psycho. Experts praise Psycho for the
brilliant film it is and the new genre it created: psychological horror films. Many times when
someone says "psycho," Norman Bates is the first name that comes to mind (Kondo, 2008, p.250).
He is seen as the most popular stereotype of a "crazy delusional psychopathic killer". I agree that
Psycho has brought about a new genre of films but what many viewers overlook is that it has also
brought about stigma and stereotypes around mental illness. Specifically, ... Show more content on
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Due to the undying popularity of the film many different audiences have been introduced to Norman
Bates, your average everyday man who "wouldn't even hurt a fly" (Hitchcock, Psycho, 1960).
Norman Bates later shows viewers he is anything but "normal" as he is later introduced as a "crazy
delusional psychopathic killer". Jarune Uwujaren is a writer who did much research into Psycho and
the impact it has on peoples' perception of mental illness. In her research she found that "seeing so
many stereotyped fictional characters with mental illness impacts how we see real people with
mental illnesses" (Uwujaren, 2012, para. 6). This supports the notion that many people fail to realize
what they see in films is not real and thus create their own stigma and stereotype of the mentally ill.
Norman Bates influenced the audiences with his famed split personality as both Norman Bates and
Mother. Not only this but along with the psychologist's diagnosis at the end of the Psycho it leaves
many audiences falsely identifying Norman Bates as having a psychiatric disorder that causes his
murderous personality. However, this assumption is misleading as it is associating mental illness as
a direct cause of his murderous personality and consequently leading audiences to believe in the
negative stigma and stereotypes that Norman Bates represents towards the mentally

Mental Illness In The House Of Usher
In "The House of Usher", Poe uses a large amount of symbolism to describe mental illness and
death: a specialty of his. Using flowery language, he is able to write like a proper Englishman, and
tie the words in with the scenery of the story.The house of Usher could easily be set someplace in
Britain, though Poe does not say where or when the events take place. The house itself could be a
metaphor for a person with mental illness. The people who live in the house have not left in years,
and are obviously troubled. I believe the mental illness the house has, is what we would call
"schizophrenia" today. The reasoning behind this theory is that Madeline has catalepsy, a symptom
of certain mental disorders. Roderick has hypersensitivity and severe

Hamlet And Ophelia And Mental Illness In William...
Great authors can develop the same idea in different ways. Shakespeare introduces the characters of
Hamlet and Ophelia to mental illness throughout "Hamlet". Hamlet a, Depressed and Monomaniacal
Psychopath, runs off of the vengeance of his father to kill his uncle, King Claudius. Ophelia A
victim of, hysteria and depression, cannot function without the support of her father and lover
without this support she can loses the will to live. Shakespeare uses metaphors, gender, tone, and
word choice to develop the progression of mental illness in his characters throughout "Hamlet".
Shakespeare uses metaphor and tone to stress the development of mental illness in the character
Hamlet throughout "Hamlet". Mental illness is defined as a condition that affect mood, thinking, or
behavior; furthermore, Hamlet presents himself as a character affected by mental illness. Hamlet, in
his first lines, describes his pain and suffering, simulating signs of depression, a form of mental
illness. Early in his introduction, Hamlet describes his feelings regarding the death of his father
King Hamlet, and sudden marriage of his mother Gertrude to his uncle Claudius. Gertrude asks
Hamlet to stop his mourning, and Hamlet responds by saying "I know not seems tis not alone my
inky cloak, good mother, Nor customary suits of solemn black nor windy suspiration of forced
breath" (I, ii, 76–79). Shakespeare uses words like "black" and "inky cloak", to develop a dark and
solemn tone; furthermore, this tone allows the character of Hamlet to develop a dark and depressed
attitude which reflects his internal depression. Shakespeare also uses metaphors to develop the idea
of Hamlet's depression. Hamlet conveys multiple symptoms of depression, like thoughts of suicide.
Hamlet often debates about his death and what the effects his death would bring. Hamlet also
debates life after death and questions religion. Hamlet describes death as " this too too sallied flesh
would melt, thaw and resolve itself into dew" (I, ii, 129–130). Shakespeare compares flesh melting
to the resolving of dew; this comparison reflects Hamlet's thoughts on death. Hamlet believes that
after death, life fades away into nothingness. Hamlet's constant thoughts of death and life after

Liesel Malon Silko Ceremony Analysis
In her novel "Ceremony," Liesel Marmon Silko introduces us to a disillusioned world of nature that
is clouded by the ideals of many. We are introduced to a world where men/women coexist in a
natural and spiritual state of mind, whereas community/traditions reappear several times to enhance
the spiritual quality the novel bestows upon its readers. The repeated application of culture and
nature addresses Silko's point as she uses metaphors involving the power of nature, and the adept
role it plays when introduces to a large complexion of various disillusioned human views. The
narrator of Ceremony, presents the novel in a beset tone of rich understanding of all creation. In the
beginning of the novel, we are given a small glimpse of what the ... Show more content on
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And the culture that assimilates itself with nature, along with a rich and deep understanding of hos
this nature itself has a devastating impact on the lives of many. After a long period of time, Tayo
finally receives the help that he has been yearning for, and this is granted when Tayo has a task of
discovering the cattle that Josiah once had, and ultimately died for. Silko utilizes the cattle metaphor
to give many an understanding of native Americans "Tayo thought about animals then, horses and
mules, and the way they drifted with the wind" (27). Laguna Indians are given little respect for their
culture, and are even commercialized in respect to the Gallup Ceremonies. The cattle metaphor is
once again repeated as Tayo needs to discover the cattle in order to complete the ceremony, this
serves as a necessity for Tayo to be cured of his mental illness. It is revealed that the only remedy is
nature that adheres to culture that saves

Illness As Metaphor, By Christopher Hitchens
When Christopher Hitchens writes about waking up to discover him in the "land of malady", there is
an echo of one of his very few rivals as a modern essayist, Susan Sontag. "Everyone who is born
holds dual citizenship, in the kingdom of the well and in the kingdom of the sick," Sontag wrote in
Illness as Metaphor. "Although we all prefer to use only the good passport, sooner or later each of us
is obliged, at least for a spell, to identify ourselves as citizens of that other place." The difference
between their respective spells in the kingdom of cancer is that Sontag, almost until the bitter end (in
2004), believed she would return. Her son, David Rieff, later wrote of how her refusal of the
immanence of death led to a terrible, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I lived for moments like that. What do I hope for? If not a cure, then a remission. And what do I
want back? In the most beautiful apposition of two of the simplest words in our language: the
freedom of speech." Apart from the obvious sense of denouement, what makes his last seven essays
so potent – concluding with a chapter of dying fragments – is their increasingly spare struggle
towards the shattering of illusion. "I love the imagery of struggle," he declares, sardonically
regretting that this one can't be in a larger cause. He dispatches the illusion that "whatever does not
kill me makes me stronger" for the nonsense it is. He feels his "personality and identity dissolving as
I contemplate dead hands and the loss of the transmission belts that connect me to writing and
thinking". He makes mordant play with the bloggers who posted remarks about how God was
punishing his atheism by removing the voice with which he blasphemed. He dispenses with the
fallacy that people courageously "battle" cancer. He considers the idea that it is battling him, then
dismisses that as a pathetic fallacy. The real struggle in Mortality is not with mortality. Hitchens
cleaves to the logical conclusion of his materialism. He hints, rather, at a fear of losing himself, of
becoming an imbecile, someone who might, in terror and pain, say something foolish or (God
forbid) religious near the end, to give his enemies satisfaction. The true struggle of his

`` An Unquiet Mind `` By Kay Redfield Jamison
Kay Redfield Jamison is a Professor of Psychiatry at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine,
however she did not achieve this level of success easily. In Jamison's novel, An Unquiet Mind, she
writes about her life and her battle with manic–depressive illness, revealing how someone's life is
impacted by a psychological disorder. Her novel revolves around her ailment and the situations she
encounters along the way of her journey, such as attempting to commit suicide, suffering from deep
depressions, and experiencing hallucinations of flying. Jamison struggled a great deal in college
since she was unable to control her disability along with her schoolwork. In time, she started to take
lithium to help control her disorder and her flying ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As an additional example, when Jamison starts to miss her manias she writes, "Long since that
extended voyage of my mind and soul, Saturn and its icy rings took on an elegiac beauty, and I don't
see Saturn's image now without feeling an acute sadness at its being so far away from me, so
unobtainable in so many ways" (91). In all of these quotes, Jamison has imaginations of Saturn or
space, which most likely implies that she feels distant or alienated from the normal world when she
is high. In most cases, feelings such as these are difficult to describe to others, considering, it is
better to have experienced it in order to understand it. Nevertheless, Jamison does an excellent job in
breaking that barrier, by utilizing metaphors of flying and connecting it to the feelings she obtains
when she is high to assist the reader in learning her perspective. Early in her novel, Jamison writes
about her family and her life when she was young, explaining the significance flying had in her life.
Her father was in the Air Force, so for this reason, their family was forced to travel often. Her father
"[...] was foremost a scientist and only secondarily a pilot. But he loved to fly, and, because he was a
meteorologist, both his mind and his soul ended up being in the skies" (11). Since her father always
had an interest in flying, it carried on to Jamison, which demonstrates why she uses flying as a
metaphor throughout her novel.

Essay on Evil Is an Illness in Shakespeare's MacBeth
Illness is defined as a disease of the body or mind; poor health; sickness. Not only is it a disease, but
it's also evil and wickedness. Let's travel through Shakespeare's Macbeth to see how Shakespeare
proves this to be true. While Macbeth's power expands, his physical illness shows his evilness. Lady
Macbeth's increasing physical illness represents her growing guilt. As evil and guilt appear more and
more, it makes clear the decrease in mental stability. By examining illness, one can determine that
physical illness is a metaphor for the illness of their minds. Evil is shown to get the best of Macbeth
as he gains power. Macbeth begins to turn away from being a hero and good to the devil's spawn.
Before, he used to be open and let people ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"The illness should attend it." Lady Macbeth understands this concept and that the evil later on is
going to have worse consequences than what she ever imagined. There is no doubt that Lady
Macbeth recognizes that her wickedness is not enough for the plans that Macbeth and Lady
Macbeth's awareness of this evil being there in the future is what is helping to lead to her guilt.
From her actions, others are able to see what she is truly feeling. "The heart is sorely charged." A
great burden is being carried by Lady Macbeth. All of the wrongs she has done are coming back to
haunt her. Her emotions, and thoughts are overwhelming her with her memories causing her guilt.
The increase in evil and guilt make evident the decrease in mental stability. The more a powerful
thing grow inside of a person, the more it starts to take over them. "So brain–sickly of things." Evil
has taken the mind out of its normal state and turned it around to think like evil would. Macbeth's
mind was twisted to think and believe that murder was right. Guilt has made the brain overwork that
the information it has held all this time finally is told. Lady Macbeth eventually tells the truth
without knowing it because she can't handle the guilt. A disease of the body or mind; poor health;
sickness, is known to be illness. Shakespeare has given us the proof, from Macbeth, needed to prove
that illness can be both a disease and evil. Macbeth's power expands alongside his physical illness

Analysis Of The Article ' Pathography ' By Robert Maunder
In the essay "Pathography", by Robert Maunder, I believe that Robert does a good job on providing
the main argument. The main argument is about pathography which focuses on the negative parts of
a subject. In this case, the negative parts in the article are emotional, how to stay stable after
experiencing rough patches and also metaphors for helping the sick people know it's not as bad as it
seems. In other words, Robert Maunder has done a good job on the main argument which is right in
the title on Pathography which is explained throughout the essay that he has written.
To begin with, Robert Maunder had a lot of emotion throughout his essay on Pathography. In the
text, Robert explains that he had no idea what people go through until he started a job to work with
psychiatric residents to help with their illness. Illnesses like "death and dying, dealing with doctors,
sex and matters of the flesh, loss, monotony and fatigue, pain, aloneness, uncertainty, meaning, and
self–pity" (Maunder, p.270) helped Robert realize that there is more to this world then happy people.
Robert Maunder gives examples in his essay saying: "The best pathographies, like the best novels
and poems, I suppose, describe life with subtlety, contradiction, emotion, depth, beauty, and
banality." (Maunder, p.270). These examples help the sick realize that there is more to them than
they think there is by realizing that they aren't the only humans who are feeling the same way and
there is a way

Figurative Language In Esperanza Rising
In the novel, Esperanza Rising the author, Pam Munoz Ryan, masterfully uses figurative language to
convey the rich story of her own heritage as a Mexican–American. The author uses several similes
and metaphors to convey the deeper meaning of her story. However, the author's use of a blanket
image becomes particularly important as she uses it as an extended metaphor throughout the story.
The first time that blankets are brought into the story, grandmother teaches Esperanza to crochet and
she says that her "love and good wishes" will be in the blanket forever. Later, Abuelita compares the
stitches in the blanket to mountains and valleys meaning the ups and down of life. When she sees
her father's dead body in the back of the wagon he is

The And The Modern Education System
If the body and the mind are considered as a unity, it would be unwise to ignore the importance of
the body. However, that is exactly the case with the modern education system. To prepare their
students for tomorrow's world, many schools and teachers try to develop students' minds by
increasing the required course work and the amount of standardized tests. However, they worsen a
student's body condition by depriving him/her of the time to play and exercise. In "The Play
Deficit," the Dr. Gray believes that "the decline in opportunity to play has been accompanied by a
decline in empathy and a rise in narcissism" (Gray). Playing is a physical experience that develops
the body and the mental capacity to understand other people. The lack of ... Show more content on
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Physical education enhances the mind through giving students a healthier body, but many schools
have overlooked this fact. Carlson's and Gray's ideas are also well connected to the concept of
mindful learning. In "Mindful Learning," Langer discusses how applying mindfulness to learning
processes can free our brains from forming a mindset that limits our ideas. We can justify Dr. Gray's
argument using the ideas of mindful learning. Dr. Gray believes that playing is learning, as children
can learn many life lessons when they are enjoying their time. Langer explains mindful learning by
suggesting that "tasks are inherently good or bad. To get through the bad ones, we should look
forward to the good ones, or perhaps 'add a little sugar to help the medicine go down'" (222). If
having fun is the good task, and learning academic lessons is the bad task, then playing is exactly
the "sugar" that helps the learning process. When people are doing what they like, engagement in
these tasks leads to mindful learning. In addition to Gray's ideas, we can also see how Carlson's
argument is closely related to mindful learning. Carlson suggests that lack of exercise can lead to
passive experience in learning. Meanwhile, Langer suggests that, contrary to mindfulness, the
process of mindless learning occurs in passive learning as

Analysis Of The Poem 'Demons Of Darkness'
The poem, 'Demons of Darkness', written by Olivia B, is a poem about life with mental illness. This
poem explores the theme of conflict by showing the battle those who have mental illness have to go
through everyday – a man versus self struggle (Inner Conflict). The conflict is the battle against
mental illness, mainly depression as the events of the poem create an extended metaphor for
depression. The poem is tied together through its use of rhymes which help to give structure and
flow to the poem. However all these points also create a sense of conflict against mental illness in
the poem. As the poem has conflict in it, and the whole conflict is about mental illness, the words
'Demons of Darkness' refers to mental illness. The poem uses these words to talk about how the
subject of the poem, the girl, battles with mental illness. The passage, 'These demons were
destructive, knocking down the life she knew,' creates a sense that the girl has to fight her 'demons'
everyday, but will often lose to them, so they in turn are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
'Demons of Darkness' refers to depression, and this makes the whole poem an extended metaphor.
Phrases like 'They cut her heart right out of her chest' and 'They live inside your mind' create a
metaphorical tone that makes the demons seem real, as they are doing literal things to a real person
– when in reality, they are not. They are simply thoughts created by the mind. An extended metaphor
is also created through the use of words that make it seem as if the girl is actually fighting – with
hands and fists, against the demons (depression). The extended metaphor is also added to through
the poem's lack of describing words. This lack of description creates a sense that not everything is
known about depression, which reflects real life. However, the extended metaphor of the poem isn't
the only thing that strengthens the poem's tone of

hamlet metaphor Essay
Iterative use of vivid and detailed imagery in a piece of literature is often a way of expressing a
theme or concept in a literary work. This is the case in William Shakespeare"'"s Hamlet,
a revenge tragedy that continually depicts the vibrant metaphors of manifesting corruption and
festering disease in order to auger the impending calamities in the state of Denmark. Throughout
Shakespeare"'"s play, there are successive images of deterioration, decay and death.
These images are skilfully accomplished through the use of metaphors of rotting and dead gardens.
Shakespeare wonderfully creates these metaphors that add great dimension to the play of Hamlet.
The garden metaphor is all throughout the play of Hamlet. This ... Show more content on
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His rule will lead to the fall of Denmark. Another important point in this quote is that through the
metaphor Hamlet sees Denmark as being completely taken over by things that are rank and gross
like the corruption of characters like Polonius and Claudius. This passage is very important in
Hamlet because it is the first reference to a garden in dismay and more importantly, it references to
the horrible condition that Denmark is in.
Another instance where Shakespeare creates a metaphor between the state of Denmark and a garden
is when Marcellus says to Horatio '"'Something is rotten in the state of Denmark'"'
(1.4.67). This passage is very important in the play because it shows that Hamlet is not the only
person concerned with the position that Denmark is in. This metaphor is hinting that Denmark is
being left untended by the protector King Claudius. As the king, Claudius should be tending to
Denmark to make it flourish and grow instead, Claudius neglects it and Denmark begins to wither
away and eventually dies under his rule. This disregard of his '"'garden'"' shows that
Claudius is the wrong person on the throne of Denmark. This excerpt also creates a sense of
sickness and infection, exactly how an unattended garden would be. This is not a good image for
Claudius and Denmark because people do not want to be in a country that is rotting from

Romantic Consumption: A Historiographic Analysis
The Re–invention of Romantic Consumption: A historiographic analysis of Consumptive Reality
and Aesthetics
The historiography of Consumption in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries has been irrevocably
changed for the better through a reimagining of what constitutes illness and how it is perceived by
the afflicted societies in the works of Carolyn Day, Charles Lawlor, and Norbert Hirschhorn.
Generally, the historiography has largely been dominated by large scale systemic societal and
epidemiological reasoning, leading to a very abstract concept of the implications of Tuberculosis in
the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. This essay attempts to articulate the intersectionality of
these larger macro–historical trends with more focused ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The work of Lawlor and Day are similar, as both identify the lack of understanding of how
Consumption became a positive aesthetic norm during this period. Both point to Sontag and
Foucault as a starting point, which correlated social class with aesthetics, but did little to discern
why this correlation existed. Day and Lawlor differ in how they answer this question and what
aspects of the Consumptive aesthetic they decide to focus upon. Day heavily relies upon material
culture, to create a deeper understanding of the physical development of illness metaphor within
western culture. Whereas Lawlor, primarily focuses on the intellectual aspect of understanding
illness, by rejecting that the metaphors of disease are automatically inherent to the disease itself.
Rather, certain aspects of the disease were selected to represent the illness, to legitimize the morality
of the upper social classes which were heavily impacted by the disease. Hirschhorn is more of an
outlier, he is not concerned with the metaphorical understanding of illness, but rather, the
epidemiological story of Emily Dickenson, which is more sympathetic with the traditional
historiography of Romantic Consumption. The Consumptive Aesthetic is inherently linked to social
metaphor and understanding of disease, but the existence of social metaphor should not be taken at
face value. The work of the authors mentioned, prove that humanization and deconstruction of the
Consumptive Aesthetic is important in deconstructing social perceptions of illness and the
permissibility of

Sylvia Plath's The Bell Jar
Sylvia Plath's The Bell Jar The works of Sylvia Plath have always been at least slightly
controversial; most of them have themes of feminism, suicide, or depression. Plath was born in 1932
in Boston, Massachusetts, and by the age of twelve she was reported to have had an IQ of about 160
(Kelly). Growing up in an age in which women were expected to be nothing more than conservative
housemaids, Plath stood defiant against the views of society, choosing to expose any misogynistic
prejudices or hateful prospects against mental illness through her writings (Allen).
Perhaps the most famous work of Sylvia Plath's is The Bell Jar –– a book that follows the mental
deterioration of a nineteen–year–old girl named Esther through the narration of Esther herself.
Although Sylvia Plath hated life in general and committed suicide at the age of 32 after her husband
left her, the myriad autobiographical elements, metaphors, and motifs that appear throughout her
works produce a beautifully vivid representation of people, the world, and life itself ("Sylvia Plath").
Sylvia Plath, like her character ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To Esther, the world seems quite unfriendly, and the novel documents her desperate search for
identity and reassurance. Nevertheless, Esther is intrigued by the world around her, and at the start
of the book she is seen with a wondrous outlook on life that is reflected in the metaphors throughout
the novel (Coyle). In the first half of the book, Esther is fascinated by the medical practices of her
boyfriend, Buddy, as well as by current events in the newspapers and the thought of her own future
family. As the story progresses, however, Esther becomes indifferent about life, and she develops
bitterness toward everything that appears to prevent her from achieving things she wants (Huf). As
Esther's mental state worsens, the metaphors and similes presented to the reader begin to have
negative connotations

Susan Sontag Ebola
Ebola was first discovered in 1976. The most deadly outbreak of this virus started in March 2014
and is still occurring. The virus can be transmitted by animals or humans and it is transferred by
bodily fluids. The virus can take up to 3 weeks to appear and does not currently have a cure or
vaccine. Although there is no cure or vaccine, the virus is treatable and death is not always the result
(Nall).
I believe that there are similarities to the way the media is covering Ebola now and how the media
covered the illnesses discussed in Susan Sontag's book "AIDS and ITS Metaphors". The way Ebola
is portrayed in the media can be very frightening. Since the beginning of the Ebola outbreak there
has been a lot coverage of the illness, but I do believe that when someone in the United States
contracted the virus it became a much more massively discussed topic. For example, an article by
BBC News states "... the US military said that it expected to send a total of 3,000 troops to Liberia
to combat the Ebola outbreak. The US had initially authorized up to 4,000 troops for the mission in
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The media is depicting Ebola as an African disease or third world illness. The media also heavily
uses the military metaphors that Susan Sontag discusses in her book "AIDS and Its Metaphors".
They show images of hazard suits and military men in Africa sent there to combat the Ebola virus.
This is making the world believe that Ebola is not a world problem, but that it is only a problem for
those in Africa and it is also making Ebola out to be a thing that needs to be fought by military
means. The problems with the way Ebola is being represented in public discourse is caused by the
way cultural imagery is depicting Ebola. Because of the constant images of workers in hazard suits,
the military, and also of dead people killed by the Ebola virus, the media is just feeding the negative
metaphors that have become associated with

Susan Sontag, Illness As Metaphor, And AIDS And Its Metaphor
In 1981, America faced one of its biggest epidemics to date, AIDS, a real modern–day plague.
However, when analyzing the terminology and metaphors discussed during the AIDS epidemic,
many academic scholars such as Susan Sontag view the conversation around AIDS as a plague as
counterproductive. This view is clear when reading Sontag's essay, Illness as Metaphor and AIDS
and Its Metaphor, where a reader can interpret that nations failings while handling the epidemic was
caused by a negative perception of the word plague. Although, Sontag is correct in her assessments
of the word plague, she fails to mention that the use of the term may serve as a "call to arms" to
incite positive action from both the government and the gay community. This ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
This discrimination is present throughout multiple points in How to Survive a Plague where Jesse
Helms – a government official – and the Cardinal O'Conner are seen discounting the seriousness of
the epidemic while also throwing blame on the gay community. This belief that viruses discriminate
in the same manner as humans led to further deaths caused by the AIDS crisis and little action in
response from the government and some members of the gay community. For the most part, I agree
with Sontag's arguments discussing the negative effects of viewings AIDS as a plague. Yet, she
denies the benefit of the term plague on the AIDS epidemic considering the term can be used to
demand action from both the government and the queer community This positive and militant use of
the word plague is displayed in How to Survive a Plague when Larry Kramer says, "Plague. We're in
the middle of a fucking plague. [...] Plague. 40 million infected people is a fucking plague," in
response, to an argument erupting at an ACT UP meeting. He was attempting to effectively unify the
members at the ACT UP meeting and silence any discourse between them by displaying a
dramatized and elaborate view of the disease as so horrific that it should take precedent over any
power struggle or unnecessary banter. This framework of scaring people into action is particularly
effective because it shows people that things aren't going to get any better without them. It

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