During the last three decades (1980-2010) there has been an intensification of international economic exchange both in volume, regions and people involved. The scale and depth of economic integration has raised concerns among scholars that these developments are reminiscent of the era of pre-Great Depression liberalization. Critics of globalization point out that the removal of trade barriers and capital controls would tilt the balance of power towards capital holders and richer economies. Arguably, this undermines state sovereignty, democracy and internal stability. A growing number of scholars have dismissed those concerns pointing out the net benefits of trade and globalization and reduction of world poverty. The paper finds that concerns of the demise of the nation state due to increased economic globalization are exaggerated. Increased liberalization has only served to strengthen the role of governments. However, the net gains from increased economic exchange have not been equally shared domestically nor across trading regions. Countries that have embraced globalization but maintained their breaks over its downsides have made most gains.
Introduction to Global Economic & political Systems: Meaning of Global Economy and its History Structure and
Components of Global Economy, Theory of Hegemonic Stability, Differences among National Economies, Market
Oriented Capitalism, Developmental Capitalism, Social Market Capitalism, Comparative Analysis, Effects of
Globalization on Indian Economy.
International Monetary System: The International Financial System - Reform of International Monetary Affairs
- The Bretton Wood System and the International Monetary Fund, Controversy over Regulation of International
Finance, Developing Countries' Concerns, Exchange Rate Policy of Developing Economies.
Contemporary issues and Challenges in Global Economic Environment - Indian perspective: Globalization and
its Advocacy, Globalization and its Impact on India, Fair Globalization and the Need for Policy Framework,
Globalization in Reverse Gear-The Threatened Re-emergence of Protectionism. Euro zone Crisis and its impact
on India, Issues in Brexit, World recession, inflationary trends, impact of fluctuating prices of crude oil, gold
etc.
This is a presentation on Worldwide Financial Crisis made by Vinod Thomas, Director-General & Senior Vice President at the Independent Evaluation Group, World Bank. In the presentation, Mr. Thomas describes the reasons for the recent financial crisis, highlights the extent of damages, and discusses policy responses to the crisis.
Introduction to Global Economic & political Systems: Meaning of Global Economy and its History Structure and
Components of Global Economy, Theory of Hegemonic Stability, Differences among National Economies, Market
Oriented Capitalism, Developmental Capitalism, Social Market Capitalism, Comparative Analysis, Effects of
Globalization on Indian Economy.
International Monetary System: The International Financial System - Reform of International Monetary Affairs
- The Bretton Wood System and the International Monetary Fund, Controversy over Regulation of International
Finance, Developing Countries' Concerns, Exchange Rate Policy of Developing Economies.
Contemporary issues and Challenges in Global Economic Environment - Indian perspective: Globalization and
its Advocacy, Globalization and its Impact on India, Fair Globalization and the Need for Policy Framework,
Globalization in Reverse Gear-The Threatened Re-emergence of Protectionism. Euro zone Crisis and its impact
on India, Issues in Brexit, World recession, inflationary trends, impact of fluctuating prices of crude oil, gold
etc.
This is a presentation on Worldwide Financial Crisis made by Vinod Thomas, Director-General & Senior Vice President at the Independent Evaluation Group, World Bank. In the presentation, Mr. Thomas describes the reasons for the recent financial crisis, highlights the extent of damages, and discusses policy responses to the crisis.
Contemporary issues and Challenges in Global Economic Environment - Indian perspective: Globalization and
its Advocacy, Globalization and its Impact on India, Fair Globalization and the Need for Policy Framework,
Globalization in Reverse Gear-The Threatened Re-emergence of Protectionism. Euro zone Crisis and its impact
on India, Issues in Brexit, World recession, inflationary trends, impact of fluctuating prices of crude oil, gold
etc.
- The worldwide movement toward economic, financial, trade, and communications integration.
Globalization implies the opening of local and nationalistic perspectives to a broader outlook of an interconnected and interdependent world with free transfer of capital, goods, and services across national frontiers. However, it does not include unhindered movement of labor and, as suggested by some economists, may hurt smaller or fragile economies if applied indiscriminately
Following a period of strong growth across all developing regions during the first decade of the millennium and a rapid rebound from the 2008 financial crisis, a combination of falling commodity prices, increasing financial market volatility and weak global demand has negatively affected growth performance in recent years. This growth slowdown has exposed the absence of structural transformation in many developing countries even under robust growth conditions. As a result, increasing attention has turned to the trade and industrialization opportunities offered by participation in global value chains (GVCs).
Global education and current trends from social abstract for the paperAmarwaha
The last century intense with a dream and aspirations and major social experiments has ended with general collapse of initiative for social transformation and total disillusionment with efforts of ‘development’ of the so called ‘developing’ nations. The so called victorious ideology-capitalism- has sought to consolidate its triumph with a call for ‘globalization’ for freeing of market, for unchecked hunting by private capital within and across nations with total disregard for the sovereignty rights of nations across the world. Globalization did not develop evenly: indeed, it was accompanied by inequality and conflict. The global development of economic and social relations has been paralleled by wide disparities between North and South.
Contemporary issues and Challenges in Global Economic Environment - Indian perspective: Globalization and
its Advocacy, Globalization and its Impact on India, Fair Globalization and the Need for Policy Framework,
Globalization in Reverse Gear-The Threatened Re-emergence of Protectionism. Euro zone Crisis and its impact
on India, Issues in Brexit, World recession, inflationary trends, impact of fluctuating prices of crude oil, gold
etc.
- The worldwide movement toward economic, financial, trade, and communications integration.
Globalization implies the opening of local and nationalistic perspectives to a broader outlook of an interconnected and interdependent world with free transfer of capital, goods, and services across national frontiers. However, it does not include unhindered movement of labor and, as suggested by some economists, may hurt smaller or fragile economies if applied indiscriminately
Following a period of strong growth across all developing regions during the first decade of the millennium and a rapid rebound from the 2008 financial crisis, a combination of falling commodity prices, increasing financial market volatility and weak global demand has negatively affected growth performance in recent years. This growth slowdown has exposed the absence of structural transformation in many developing countries even under robust growth conditions. As a result, increasing attention has turned to the trade and industrialization opportunities offered by participation in global value chains (GVCs).
Global education and current trends from social abstract for the paperAmarwaha
The last century intense with a dream and aspirations and major social experiments has ended with general collapse of initiative for social transformation and total disillusionment with efforts of ‘development’ of the so called ‘developing’ nations. The so called victorious ideology-capitalism- has sought to consolidate its triumph with a call for ‘globalization’ for freeing of market, for unchecked hunting by private capital within and across nations with total disregard for the sovereignty rights of nations across the world. Globalization did not develop evenly: indeed, it was accompanied by inequality and conflict. The global development of economic and social relations has been paralleled by wide disparities between North and South.
FINANCE AND LABOR PERSPECTIVES ONRISK, INEQUALITY, AND DEMO.docxericn8
FINANCE AND LABOR: PERSPECTIVES ON
RISK, INEQUALITY, AND DEMOCRACY
Sanford M. Jacobyt
We live in an era of financial development. Since 1980, capital
markets have expanded around the world; capital shuttles the globe
instantaneously. Shareholder concerns drive executive decision
making and compensation, while the fluctuations of stock markets are
a source of public anxiety. So are the financial scandals that have
regularly occurred since 1980: junk bonds in the late 1980s;
accounting and stock options in the early 2000s; and debt
securitization today.
We also live in an era of rising income inequality and
employment risk. The gaps between top and bottom incomes and
between top and middle incomes have widened since 1980. Greater
risk takes various forms, such as wage and employment volatility and
the shift from employers to employees of responsibility for
occupational pensions.
There is an enormous literature on financial development as
there is on inequality and risk. But relatively few studies consider the
intersection of these phenomena. Standard explanations for rising
inequality--skill-biased technological change and trade--explain only
30% of the variation in aggregate inequality. What else matters? We
argue here that an omitted factor is financial development.1 This
study explores the relationship between financial markets and labor
markets along three dimensions: contemporary, historical, and
comparative. For the world's industrialized nations, we find that
financial development waxes and wanes in line with top income
t Howard Noble Professor of Management, Public Policy, & History, UCLA. Thanks to
J.R. DeShazo, Stanley Engerman, Steve Foresti, Dana Frank, Mark Garmaise, Teresa
Ghilarducci, John Logan, James Livingston, Adair Morse, David Montgomery, Paul Osterman,
Grace Palladino, Peter Rappoport, Hugh Rockoff, Dani Rodrik, Emmanuel Saez, Richard
Sylla, Ryan Utsumi, Fred Whittlesey, Robert Zieger, and various interviewees. The usual
disclaimer applies. I am grateful for support from the Price Center at the UCLA Anderson
School and from the Institute for Technology, Enterprise, and Competitiveness at Doshisha
University. This paper is dedicated to Lloyd Ulman: scholar, teacher, mensch.
1. IMF, WORLD ECONOMIC OUTLOOK: GLOBALIZATION AND INEQUALITY 48
(Washington, D.C. 2007).
17
COMP. LABOR LAW & POL'Y JOURNAL
shares. Since 1980, however, there have been national divergences
between financial development--defined here as the economic
prominence of equity and credit markets-and inequality. In the
United States and United Kingdom, there remains a strong positive
correlation but in other parts of Europe and in Japan the relationship
is weaker.
What accounts for swings in financial development and inequality
and the relationship between them? Economic growth is one factor.
Another is the politics of finance. The model presented here is simple
but consistent with the evidence: Upswings in financial development
are related to politi.
what is globalization
,
globalization of markets
,
globalization of production
,
global institutions
,
drivers of globalization
,
managing in the global marketplace
,
the changing demographics of the global economy
,
changing world output & world trade picture
,
globalization & the world’s poor
,
global economy of 21st century
,
the changing world order
,
globalization
,
labor policies and the environment
During the course of the second half of the twentieth century, the world economy has become increasingly interdependent as a result of the economic liberalization measures that have been taken by many countries, and the bilateral and multilateral trade promotion and cooperation agreements that have been reached by a majority of trading partners around the world. However, the benefits from the growth in international trade, and economic cooperation and interdependence, have not been shared equally by all nations. Some have benefited more than others, and some have lagged behind due to their inability to compete in a broader and increasingly dynamic global market. This paper examines the impact of economic interdependence from the perspectives of different national groupings, particularly the developed and the least developed countries. One of the questions to be addressed is: What factors contribute to the differences among those nations in taking advantage of open trade and capital mobility? It is expected that this study would be of value to economic planners and to students of international trade and globalization.
Similar to The globalization paradox in the 21st century and its applicability in the analysis of international stability (20)
Armend Muja, Training Needs Assessment: Kosovo Education 2016Armend Muja
The objective of the capacity gaps report is twofold: firstly, it intends to gather baseline information to assess the understanding of MEST officials and their capacities form a baseline against which it will be possible to measure improvement; secondly, it assesses training needs to identify the awareness, knowledge gaps and training needs of MEST officials. The exercise helps the project to craft a customized training programme and package of technical assistance. The baseline survey was conducted from 01-31 October 2015. The questionnaire addressed several components: 1) Process Management, (2) People Management, (3) Financial Management, (4) Ethics, (5) Strategic thinking and innovation, (6) Stakeholder communication and engagement, (7) Soft skills in foreign language communication and information technology and (8) Staff competencies. The survey was designed in a self-completion format, using both close-ended and open-ended questions. SPSS Statistical Package was used in processing the survey responses
Armend Muja: Market forces in higher education Armend Muja
Mass quality higher education is crucial for economic prosperity and has become a requirement of technologically advanced societies. But the cost of higher education is high and as such it ‘competes for public funds with other imperatives. As a result, it has been argued that market forces in higher education are both desirable and inevitable .The article analyses which market forces are, in general, inevitable, identifies the potentially desirable market forces in terms of equity and efficiency and describes the role of government in the sector
Armend Muja, Innovation Management: linear, coupling and systems innovationArmend Muja
Distinguish the different forms that innovation can take, such as product, service, process, organizational or service innovation
Distinguish between sources of innovation
Describe models of innovation management
Analyze different types of innovation and appreciate their role in firms strategy and entrepreneurship
If you are looking for a pi coin investor. Then look no further because I have the right one he is a pi vendor (he buy and resell to whales in China). I met him on a crypto conference and ever since I and my friends have sold more than 10k pi coins to him And he bought all and still want more. I will drop his telegram handle below just send him a message.
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Introduction to Indian Financial System ()Avanish Goel
The financial system of a country is an important tool for economic development of the country, as it helps in creation of wealth by linking savings with investments.
It facilitates the flow of funds form the households (savers) to business firms (investors) to aid in wealth creation and development of both the parties
how to sell pi coins in South Korea profitably.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network coins in South Korea or any other country, by finding a verified pi merchant
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US Economic Outlook - Being Decided - M Capital Group August 2021.pdfpchutichetpong
The U.S. economy is continuing its impressive recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic and not slowing down despite re-occurring bumps. The U.S. savings rate reached its highest ever recorded level at 34% in April 2020 and Americans seem ready to spend. The sectors that had been hurt the most by the pandemic specifically reduced consumer spending, like retail, leisure, hospitality, and travel, are now experiencing massive growth in revenue and job openings.
Could this growth lead to a “Roaring Twenties”? As quickly as the U.S. economy contracted, experiencing a 9.1% drop in economic output relative to the business cycle in Q2 2020, the largest in recorded history, it has rebounded beyond expectations. This surprising growth seems to be fueled by the U.S. government’s aggressive fiscal and monetary policies, and an increase in consumer spending as mobility restrictions are lifted. Unemployment rates between June 2020 and June 2021 decreased by 5.2%, while the demand for labor is increasing, coupled with increasing wages to incentivize Americans to rejoin the labor force. Schools and businesses are expected to fully reopen soon. In parallel, vaccination rates across the country and the world continue to rise, with full vaccination rates of 50% and 14.8% respectively.
However, it is not completely smooth sailing from here. According to M Capital Group, the main risks that threaten the continued growth of the U.S. economy are inflation, unsettled trade relations, and another wave of Covid-19 mutations that could shut down the world again. Have we learned from the past year of COVID-19 and adapted our economy accordingly?
“In order for the U.S. economy to continue growing, whether there is another wave or not, the U.S. needs to focus on diversifying supply chains, supporting business investment, and maintaining consumer spending,” says Grace Feeley, a research analyst at M Capital Group.
While the economic indicators are positive, the risks are coming closer to manifesting and threatening such growth. The new variants spreading throughout the world, Delta, Lambda, and Gamma, are vaccine-resistant and muddy the predictions made about the economy and health of the country. These variants bring back the feeling of uncertainty that has wreaked havoc not only on the stock market but the mindset of people around the world. MCG provides unique insight on how to mitigate these risks to possibly ensure a bright economic future.
how to sell pi coins at high rate quickly.DOT TECH
Where can I sell my pi coins at a high rate.
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Here is the telegram contact of my vendor:
@Pi_vendor_247
The European Unemployment Puzzle: implications from population agingGRAPE
We study the link between the evolving age structure of the working population and unemployment. We build a large new Keynesian OLG model with a realistic age structure, labor market frictions, sticky prices, and aggregate shocks. Once calibrated to the European economy, we quantify the extent to which demographic changes over the last three decades have contributed to the decline of the unemployment rate. Our findings yield important implications for the future evolution of unemployment given the anticipated further aging of the working population in Europe. We also quantify the implications for optimal monetary policy: lowering inflation volatility becomes less costly in terms of GDP and unemployment volatility, which hints that optimal monetary policy may be more hawkish in an aging society. Finally, our results also propose a partial reversal of the European-US unemployment puzzle due to the fact that the share of young workers is expected to remain robust in the US.
Exploring Abhay Bhutada’s Views After Poonawalla Fincorp’s Collaboration With...beulahfernandes8
The financial landscape in India has witnessed a significant development with the recent collaboration between Poonawalla Fincorp and IndusInd Bank.
The launch of the co-branded credit card, the IndusInd Bank Poonawalla Fincorp eLITE RuPay Platinum Credit Card, marks a major milestone for both entities.
This strategic move aims to redefine and elevate the banking experience for customers.
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
where can I find a legit pi merchant onlineDOT TECH
Yes. This is very easy what you need is a recommendation from someone who has successfully traded pi coins before with a merchant.
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@Pi_vendor_247
what is the best method to sell pi coins in 2024DOT TECH
The best way to sell your pi coins safely is trading with an exchange..but since pi is not launched in any exchange, and second option is through a VERIFIED pi merchant.
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@Pi_vendor_247
What website can I sell pi coins securely.DOT TECH
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What price will pi network be listed on exchangesDOT TECH
The rate at which pi will be listed is practically unknown. But due to speculations surrounding it the predicted rate is tends to be from 30$ — 50$.
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@Pi_vendor_247
how can i use my minded pi coins I need some funds.DOT TECH
If you are interested in selling your pi coins, i have a verified pi merchant, who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
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i will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant below. 👇 I and my friends has traded more than 3000pi coins with him successfully.
@Pi_vendor_247
how can i use my minded pi coins I need some funds.
The globalization paradox in the 21st century and its applicability in the analysis of international stability
1. 18th IFAC Conference on Technology, Culture and International
Stability
The globalization paradox in the 21st century and
its applicability in the analysis of international
stability
Armend Muja, Peter Groumpos, Edmond Hajrizi, Hasan Metin
3. 1. Introduction
Summary
Globalization will
undermine nation state
and international stability?
Intensification of international economic exchange in the last three decades has
raised concerns that the international stability and nation state face a challenge
similar to Great Depression. Critics have argued that both eras of globalization have
been spurred by technological revolutions. International trade, international financial
markets and migration will undermine the nation state and the social consensus built
in the aftermath of the Second World War.
The benefits and perils of
international economic
exchange
Central Eastern Europe countries with higher quality of institutions indictor will have
higher levels of economic performance.
Globalization revisited The paper finds that concerns over the demise of the nation state are exaggerated.
However, international trade and financial integration have created winners and
losers both domestically and internationally. Countries that have maintained their
local solutions and adopted a cautious approach from globalization have profited the
most.
3
5. 2. Globalisation and its critics(1)
Neoliberalism - Dramatic shift in the world order and economy following the fall of communism
promoting increased trade and economic integration has led scholars to draw
parallels between pre-Great Depression globalization and contemporary
globalization
- Open trade promotes the power of corporates at the expense of labour (Scharpf,
2003) and could undermine the social peace in Europe or embedded liberalism
(Ruggie, 1982)
Core-periphery
domination
- The system promotes the domination of rich Western core and the expense of poor
periphery (Wallerstein, 1982). The system creates the basis for endless
accumulation of capital at the expense of labour (Pikkety, 2014).
Technological
delinking and parity
- The order as it has created a technological dependence of the poor countries and
any thought of economic convergence should be based on technological delinking
(Singer, 1988). A fairer and mutually beneficial exchange needs to recognize the
domination trap and move towards fairer exchange (Prebisch, 1985)
5
6. 2. Globalisation and its critics(2)
Trade among nations and
regions has increased
significantly since 1988
- Based on World Bank (2018) global trade patterns, world has generally
seen a steady increase in trade as a share of GDP.
- However, two regions stand out Europe and East Asia and explain much
of the development. Other regions as North America, Latin America, Sub-
Saharan Africa have not registered any significant change.
Global poverty levels have
fallen as trade barriers have
been removed (Bhagwatti,
2004)
- World Bank (2018) poverty database indicate the global extreme poverty
levels have dropped from 18 % in 1981 to a mere 3.3 % in 2016. The
poor have integrated and profited from global economy (Bhagwatti,
2004)
Ills of globalization to culture,
gender relations and
environment
- Globalisation has neglected the detrimental effects and ecological limits
of human economic activity, promoted de-culturalisation and placated
the inferior role of women in international economic system (Fergusson,
2006)
6
9. 3.1 Globalisation and nation state(1)
Democratic deficit resulting from
regulatory supranational
institutions like EC and loss of
autonomy (Hix, 2006)
The prevailing recipe during international and regional economic
integration has been to delegate regulatory functions to supranational
institutions thus circumventing national state authority over managing
national economies. This has gradually eroded national sovereignty
(Caporaso, 1996)
Capital gaining the upper hand over
labour. States competing on the
‘race to the bottom’ and removing
hard fought labour rights in Europe
(Scharpf, 1999)
National Parliaments and labour unions have increasingly become
obsolete (Innes et al, 2003) as they implement and transpose
international legislation into domestic law. Efforts to increase
international economic competitiveness have come at the cost of
breaking the social consensus in Europe. Removing state authority over
macroeconomic policy in an effort to demonstrate credibility has tied
governments’ hands (Alessina et al, 2005).
Precarious symbiosis of democracy
and globalization
State has lost its authority over financial and monetary policy, fiscal
policy and capital control. Difficult to sustain national democracy under
the existing conditions (Scharpf, 1999).
9
11. 4.1 Globalization concerns revisited
Globalization or Europeanisation? Much of increased global trade since 1960 actually refers to
trading among EU nations (Fligstein, 2006). China’s economic
growth and East Asia could be another notable increase in
trading.
Concerns that globalization will break the
social consensus and cause welfare state
retrenchment are not grounded. Welfare
spending has increased globally
Economic integration has only helped to re-legitimize the
nation state in the post-war period (Milward, 2000) as
governments enjoyed more resources for welfare spending.
The level of government spending has increased steadily
from 20 % as a share of GDP in 1974 to 26 % in 2016 (World
Bank, 2018). This increase can be explained by governments’
efforts to insure labour from economic adjustment (Baldwin,
1997) and overcome opposition towards technological
innovation and productivity (Iversen et al, 2000).
Expected capital flight from rich countries
to poor has not happened. Paradoxically,
The level of financial integration during contemporary
globalization has not achieved the Pre-Great Depression 11
16. 5.1 Globalization Paradox
Data Triangulation
Over-emphasis of globalization and nation
state nexus has missed several side effects
of international economic exchange
including impact of select social strata
Even if globalization has produced net domestic effects,
the scholarly analysis has missed the Stoper-Samuelson
effect of free trade on select industries and workers –
those are immobile and social groups without skills base
to transfer to other industries
Missing side effects of globalization to
other regions including Africa, Latin
America and select countries within
regions
Gains from globalization, trade, international production
and financial integration have not necessarily favored all
regions and nations. Regions specializing in services and
manufactures (North America, Europe, East Asia) gained
the most.
Globalization Paradoxes Capital and FDI moving from poor countries to rich,
governments’ spending on welfare has not retrenched
but increased globally. Globalisation has not reduced the
role of the nation state, it has only transformed its 16
18. 6.1 Conclusion
18
• Data Triangulation
• Increased international economic exchange has not reduced the role of the
nation state. It has only conditioned its transformation from interventionist to
regulatory nation state
• Tackling the perils of globalization requires moving beyond state-centric
approach and include other non-state actors
• Some of the discontents and critics on the perils of globalization are not grounded. While
there are benefits stemming from international trade, financial integration and international
production, there are also risks that call for an greater international cooperation
• Adoption of uniform regulatory regimes is not necessarily related to tangible gains from
globalization. States that have preserved domestic consensus and maintained their break on
globalization have profited the most
• Despite its net global gains, globalization has produced domestic and international losers.
Technological adjustments will continue to produce further Stoper-Samuelsonn effects
within certain industries and regions. The nation state has a key role to play both to smooth
the negative effects but also join international cooperative efforts to avoid contagion effects
of international financial integration.