The French Revolution was a major social and political upheaval that began in 1787 and ended in 1799. It overthrew the monarchy and established a democratic government. The Revolution was caused by social inequality resulting from the estates system, financial crisis due to costly wars, poor harvests leading to famine and rising bread prices, and the extravagant lifestyle of the French monarchy. Key events included the storming of the Bastille prison, the establishment of the National Assembly, and the execution of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette by guillotine during the Reign of Terror. The Revolution had far-reaching effects on modern France and world history.

1. THE FRENCH REVOLUTION
BY MOREMI P.S

2. AT THE END OF THIS LESSON YOU WILL
 UNDERSTAND WHAT THE FRENCH REVOLUTION IS
 WHAT CAUSED OR LED TO THE FRENCH
REVOLUTION
 How the French Revolution affected the people in
France
 Understand the three estates which divide France
 Understand the methods used to execute people
 Know what led to the execution of Louis XVI and
his Wife

3. WHAT IS REVOLUTION?
 The term Revolution is derived from a latin term
‘revolutio’ meaning a “ a turn around”
 The term revolution mean a fundamental change in
power or organisational structures that takes place
in a relatively short period of time.
 Revolution is defined as a forceful overthrow of a
government by the people or any sudden or grand
change.

4. THE FRENCH REVOLUTION
 The French Revolution was the
social and political change in
France that begun in 1787 and
ended in 1799
 The French revolution led to the
overthrow of the Monarchy by the
establishment of a democratic
government

5. The major cause of the French Revolution
 The social inequality in France cause by the Estates System
 Tax burden on the Third Estate
 The rise of the Bourgeoisie
 Ideas put forward by enlightenment philosophers
 Financial crisis caused by the costly wars
 Drastic weather and poor harvest in the preceding year
 The rise in cost of bread
 The extravagant lifestyle of the French Monarchy

6. Social inequality in France due to the
Estates System
 In the 1780s France was divided into three estates
 The first estate was the Roman Catholic clergy which did not consist of the
highest number of the population compared to other estates
 The second estate consisted of the French Nobility which had quite number of
people compared to the first estate but less number of people compared to
the third estate
 The third estate consisted of the 98% of the French population as it included
the merchants, lawyers, laborers and peasants .
 The third estate was excluded from the position of honor and political power.
Therefore that led to people belonging to the third estate coming together
to start the French Revolution in 1789

8. TAX BURDEN ON THE THIRD ESTATE
 The Clergy who were of the first estate paid no tax and they
were wealthy as they even owned 10% of the land(even though
they were few). They had an opportunity to collect tithes
 The nobles who were the members of the second estate
owned 25% of the Land. They were exempted from paying
taxes and they were allowed to collect dues from peasants
 The third estates were forced to pay taxes even though the
first and second estates were free from paying taxes
 The system was regarded as unfair and unjust thus the third
estate plot to overthrow the unjust estate system

9. The Three Estates

10. The rise of the Bourgeoisie
 The Bourgeoisie refers to the
wealthy woman and man who
belonged to the Third Estate
 They resented the positions of the
first and second estate as they
believed it was derived from their
effort
 The bourgeoisie wanted to attain
political equality with the other
estates.

11. The ideas put forward by enlightenment
philosophers
 During the 18th century the movement of intellectual and philosophy
dominated the world of ideas.
 The Philosophers questioned the traditional ways of doing things more
especially the authority of the monarch and the estate system.
 The philosophers were against the class division as it was the system of
government that influenced the separation of power

12. The financial crisis caused due to costly wars
 During the reign of Louis XV who ruled
from 1715- 1774.
 Louis XV lost for the seven years war
against Britain
 his loss made him to build a large
navy and anti- Britain coalition of
allies which cause him a lot as all that
led to huge debts.
 Louis XV was succeeded by his
grandson in1774 namely Louis XVI
 Louis XVI made France to be involved
in the American War of independence
against Britain.
 This war increased the economic crisis
in France as the level of bankruptcy
was high

13. The Drastic weather and poor harvests
in the preceding years
 There was a drastic drought which caused poor harvests and famine
 The poor harvest and famine in France led to most peasants workers
revolting.
 Their protest was cause by the taxes they had to pay even during their time
of struggle as they could not make enough from their harvest and at the same
time they had to pay taxes.

14. The rise in the cost of bread
 The Due to poor harvest that led
to the drastic increase in price of
flour. Thus, the increase of prices
for flour led to bread prices
increasing also
 Therefore, as most of the France
people spent their income on
bread. The increase price of bread
affected most people

15. The Extravagant lifestyle of the French
Monarchy
 The way in which Louis XV and
Louis XVI used to spend money led
to the economic crisis
 The construction and remodeling
of the Palace of Versailles in the
17th and 8th centuries led to the a
huge cost to the country
 The expenditure made people in
France to see their leader as
wasteful as most people suffered
due to poor economic state.

17. Third Estate: National Assembly
 On the 17th of June that when the
members of the Third estate begun
to call themselves the National
Assembly
 The National Assembly existed
from the 17th June 1789 to 9 July
1789.
 Thus, when the deputies of the
National Assembly were ready to
conduct a meeting. They found the
chamber doors being locked and
guarded my soldiers
 They feared for their lives as they
were afraid that a royal attack
might rise

18. The TENNIS COURT OATH
 On the 20th June 1789 the Royal
Tennis Court of Versailles played a huge
role in France.
 Thus, member of the third estate took
an oath known as the Tennis Court
Oath. They vowed that they will “ not
separate and to reassemble
whenever circumstances require,
until the constitution of the kingdom
is established”
 Out of 577 only 576 member took an
Oath

19. Women in the Pre- revolutionary France
 The French Revolution deprived
women of their political rights. Thus
they could not vote or hold any
political office
 Women were considered to be
Passive citizens
 Women were forced to rely or
depend more on men . And they
were forced to commit to their
husbands

20. The emergence of Feminism
 Women demanded equality to men
and the abolishment of male
domination
 The Society of Revolutionary
Republican Women practiced a
radical militant feminist activism
and other movements that
influenced and promoted women
power.

21. Storming of the Bastille
 On the 14th of July in 1789 Bastille which was the state building was attacked
an angry mob.
 They stormed bastille in order to free prisoners as most of the prisoners in
bastille were political activists
 They wanted to gain more support and have a large army and ammunition
which were stored in the fortress
 The storming of the Bastille was a turning point in history of the French
Revolution because the third estate gained power and that led to the change in
France’s government system

23. The use of guillotine
 During the French Revolution
Guillotine was effectively used and
it symbolized the Reign of Terror .
 It was used to execute thousand of
people including King Louis XVI and
Marie-Antoinette ( in September
1981)
 Louis XVI was sent to guillotine a
few years after the Storming of the
Bastille.
 Marie Antoinettes beheading
followed shortly after Louis XVI’s

24. Guillotine was used for beheading
people

25. The French Revolution video clip
 https://youtu.be/5fJl_ZX91l0

26. Reference list
 https://www.slideshare.net/dpssrinagar/french-revolution-60544241
 https://www.slideshare.net/tbonnar/the-french-revolution-part-1
 https://www.slideshare.net/tomrichey/women-and-the-french-revolution
 https://www.slideshare.net/rahulblue/french-revolution-class-9-ppt
 https://www.slideshare.net/nazimatahseen1/french-revolution-class-9-cbse
 https://www.slideshare.net/tomrichey/the-radicalization-of-the-french-
revolution