The French established colonies in Canada and Louisiana in the 16th-18th centuries. They relied on alliances with local Indigenous groups like the Huron for trade and defense against enemies like the Iroquois. The French focused on the fur trade but had difficulty attracting permanent settlers. As a result, French colonial populations grew slowly compared to English colonies. The French administered their North American territories through competing governing bodies, leading to inefficiency and corruption.
You want to change the world? You can start in your own backyard- the American university campus. Why? Take 15 minutes out of your day to check out this presentation and see why reaching the university will help you reach the world.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
2. American Colonies 5 –
Canada and Iroquoia
• In the mid-16th century the Spanish emperor
declined to block the French from establishing
along the Lawrence River in Canada.
• The French discovered two profitable
commodities: fish and furs.
• The French realized early on that they needed the
Indians as allies and hunters rather than enemies.
• The Indians of northeastern North America were
divided into Algonquian and Iroquoian peoples.
• The French became allies with the Huron and
northern Algonquian which pitted them as
enemies of the Five Nation Iroquoians.
• In 1610 the Five Nation Iroquoians obtained metal
weapons from the Dutch and became formidable
warriors disrupting French trade.
3. American Colonies 5 –
Canada and Iroquoia
• European mariners offered beads, kettles and knives in
exchange for furs from the Indians.
• The natives became adept at driving a hard bargain, waiting
for several ships to port to compete for their furs.
• Occasionally mariners kidnapped Indians as slaves which
soured relations between natives and mariners.
• The Indians reliance on European goods and weapons made
them hunt more to supply their fur trade.
• The northern Algonquian hunted year-round which led to the
depletion of the animals they hunted.
• The Indians had to extend their hunting territories farther
which increased conflicts with their neighbors.
4. American Colonies 5 –
Canada and Iroquoia
• In 1608 Frenchman Samuel de Champlain built
a small trading post in Quebec.
• Two decades later there were only 85 colonists,
all of them men in Quebec.
• In 1609 Champlain and his men helped their northern Indian allies
defeat a group of Iroquois leading the Iroquois to realize their inferior
weapons and penetrable formations.
• The women of the Iroquois cultivated large and productive crops which
allowed the young men to pursue war.
• Iroquois warriors conducted “mourning wars” which entailed capturing
their enemies to distribute among their people who had lost family due
to disease and war.
• They also tortured and cannibalized most men which created cohesion
among the tribe and hardened their adolescent boys to war.
5. American Colonies 5 –
Canada and Iroquoia
• In 1614 a Dutch company established a trading post,
later known as Fort Orange, which was the Dutch
equivalent of French Quebec.
• The Iroquois lived in close proximity to the Dutch,
who were more willing to offer guns than were the
French.
• French leaders hoped to make the northern Indians
more dependable as allies by sending the Jesuits to
convert them to Catholicism.
• After initial resistance, most Huron converted to
Christianity to be with their family in the afterlife.
• The mid-17th century saw the Iroquois become more
violent in their pursuit of their mourning wars and
they had killed or captured most Huron destroying
their villages in the process.
• Toward the end of the 17th century the Iroquois took
more captives than the could assimilate which led to
division within their own nations.
• With all of the complexities associated with alliance
and trade, European powers never realized their goal
of control and colonization of the area.
6. American Colonies 16 –
French America
• In the 1660’s the French crown wanted to
colonize the area around Quebec and give army
officers who stayed the title of “seigneur”.
• Seigneurs brought the first farm families to
Canada which produced small crops of wheat
and brought small herds of livestock.
• The French crown worried that the English were
winning the race to colonize and decided to pay
for transatlantic passage to stimulate emigration.
• Most emigrants were poor young men while
only 12% were female.
• Most emigrants returned home after their three
year stay while only the married men and
women tended to stay.
• Because the women married early and bore
many healthy children the population grew from
3,000 in 1663 to 15,000 in 1700.
7. American Colonies 16 –
French America
• French peasants chose to stay in France rather than
risk the unknown which contributed to slow
colonization.
• Many emigrated to nearby Spain which was
cheaper, closer, and warmer.
• New France had a reputation of being immoral,
cold, and unprofitable land which deterred
moralistic emigrants.
• Most of the French who emigrated enjoyed a
better life with more land and better meals than
that of their counterparts in France.
• The crown appointed three rival officials to govern
New France: a military governor-general, a civil
administrator or intendant, and a Catholic bishop.
• The governing council was comprised of five to
seven seigneurs, the governor-general, bishop,
intendant, and attorney general.
• Early 18th century New France was divided into
sectors: the cultivated St. Lawrence Valley and the
vast forest and lakes of upper country.
8. American Colonies 16 –
French America
• The French treated the Indians as sovereign peoples rather than
French subjects in New France.
• Mid 17th century Iroquois attacks made their native enemies flee
west to refugee villages where they fought among themselves.
• The distant posts of the west attracted
officers to engage on the fur trade on the
side and the officers became known as
coureurs de bois.
• The life of a coureurs de bois was
dangerous but partnership with an Indian
women made it much safer.
• With help from their upper-country Indian allies, the French
defeated the Iroquois which brought about a peace in 1701.
• The French moved their post to Detroit and assumed the Indians
would accept French dictation.
• Without New France’s intervention between the native tribes, their
battles grew fierce again and moved into Detroit.
9. American Colonies 16 –
French America
• In 1682 Sieur de La Salle led a group of French and allied Indians
south and named it Louisiana to impress King Louis XIV.
• Determined to win the support of Indians over the Carolina
traders, the French in Louisiana wooed the Indians with firearms.
• The Company of the Indies was commissioned by the French
crown to colonize Louisiana which led to the town of New
Orleans.
• Many of the colonists were convicted criminals which further undermined
Louisiana’s reputation.
• Far from imperial supervision, Louisiana’s officials were notoriously corrupt.
• Louisiana was the least profitable colony to the French but was
retained for its strategic value.