2. The founder of sosiology
Sosiology has
come to be
appropriated as
an umbrella term
to refer to
various
disciplines which
study society or
human culture…
3. The term "sociologie" was first coined by
the French essayist Emmanuel Joseph
Sieyès (1748–1836).(From the Latin:
socius, "companion"; and the suffix
-ology, "the study of", from Greek lógos,
"knowledge“.
4. Sociological reasoning may beSociological reasoning may be
traced back at least as far as thetraced back at least as far as the
ancient Greeks (cf. Xenophanes′ancient Greeks (cf. Xenophanes′
remark: "remark: "If horses would adoreIf horses would adore
gods, these gods would resemblegods, these gods would resemble
horseshorses"). The characteristic trends"). The characteristic trends
in the sociological thinking of thein the sociological thinking of the
ancient Greeks can be traced backancient Greeks can be traced back
to the social environment. Becauseto the social environment. Because
there was rarely any extensive orthere was rarely any extensive or
highly centralized politicalhighly centralized political
organization within states thisorganization within states this
allowed the tribal spirit of localismallowed the tribal spirit of localism
and provincialism to have free play.and provincialism to have free play.
This tribal spirit of localism andThis tribal spirit of localism and
provincialism pervaded most of theprovincialism pervaded most of the
Greek thinking upon socialGreek thinking upon social
phenomena.phenomena.
5. The origin of the survey can be
traced back to the Doomesday Book
ordered by king William I in 1086.
There is evidence of early Muslim
sociology from the 14th century. Ibn
Khaldun (1332–1406), in his
Muqaddimah (later translated as
Prolegomena in Latn), the
introduction to a seven volume
analysis of universal history, was the
first to advance social philosophy and
social science in formulating theories
of social cohesion and social conflict.
6. Auguste Comte was born in 1798 and
had a significant part in the formation
of sociology. Comte was the founder of
French positivism. Comte can also be
given credit for inventing or coining the
term sociology.
He left the ideals of his royalist family
behind and became a republican. Comte
attended the Ecole Polytechnique which
was a leading scientific institution in
France at the time. He was kicked out
of this school for leading a student
protest.
7. Comte's philosophy ofComte's philosophy of
positivism developed frompositivism developed from
historical studies of thehistorical studies of the
human mind. This led tohuman mind. This led to
Comte's views of the threeComte's views of the three
stages of the history ofstages of the history of
sciences:sciences:
1) Theological - nature has a1) Theological - nature has a
will of it's own. This stage iswill of it's own. This stage is
broken down into threebroken down into three
stages of its own, includingstages of its own, including
animism, polytheism, andanimism, polytheism, and
monotheism.monotheism.
2) Metaphysical state -2) Metaphysical state -
though substituting ideas forthough substituting ideas for
a personal will.a personal will.
3) Positive - a search for3) Positive - a search for
absolute knowledge.absolute knowledge.
8.
9. When Auguste ComteWhen Auguste Comte
claimed to haveclaimed to have
invented the newinvented the new
science of sociology, hescience of sociology, he
said that it was going tosaid that it was going to
be the science that heldbe the science that held
all other sciencesall other sciences
together. As in thetogether. As in the
course of Positivecourse of Positive
Philosophy, he said thatPhilosophy, he said that
a science must dependa science must depend
on the previous scienceon the previous science
to be understood. It wasto be understood. It was
also in the 47th volumealso in the 47th volume
of the book that heof the book that he
changed the name ofchanged the name of
the social physics tothe social physics to
sociology.sociology.
