The 5th congress of the Paris appeal - Exposure to electromagnetic fields, mercury release and adverse health effects - may 18 2015 [compatibility mode]
Over the past decades, the use of common sources of electromagnetic fields such as Wi-Fi routers and mobile phones has been increased enormously all over the world. There is ongoing concern that exposure to electromagnetic fields can lead to adverse health effects. It has recently been shown that even low doses of mercury may cause toxicity. Therefore, efforts are initiated to phase down or eliminate the use of mercury amalgam in dental restorations. Increased release of mercury from dental amalgam restorations after exposure to electromagnetic fields such as those generated by MRI and mobile phones has been reported by our team and other researchers. We have recently shown that some of the papers which reported no increased release of mercury after MRI, may have some methodological errors. Although it was previously believed that the amount of mercury released from dental amalgam cannot be hazardous, new findings indicate that mercury, even at low doses, may cause toxicity. Based on recent epidemiological findings, it can be claimed that the safety of mercury released from dental amalgam fillings is questionable. Therefore, as some individuals tend to be
hypersensitive to the toxic effects of mercury, regulatory authorities should re-assess the safety of exposure to electromagnetic fields in individuals with amalgam restorations. On the other hand, we have reported that increased mercury release after exposure to electromagnetic fields may be risky for the pregnant women. It is worth mentioning that as a strong positive correlation between maternal and cord blood mercury levels has been found in some studies, our findings regarding the effect of exposure to electromagnetic fields on the release of mercury from dental amalgam fillings lead us to this conclusion that pregnant women with dental amalgam fillings should limit their exposure to electromagnetic fields to prevent toxic effects of mercury in their foetuses. Based on these findings, as infants and children are more vulnerable to mercury exposures, and as some individuals are routinely exposed to different sources of electromagnetic fields, we possibly need a paradigm shift in evaluating the health effects of amalgam fillings.
No doubt, exposure to RF radiation emitted from mobile phones may cause some detrimental effects. However, in some special circumstances, these radiations may cause some stimulatory or beneficial effects. Our team is currently preparing a review article on the stimulatory/beneficial effects of exposure to mobile phone radiation.
How did we trigger scientists around the globe to uncover the low dose radiat...SMJ Mortazavi
Any attempt to inactivate a virus exerts strong selective pressure on the virus. Given this consideration, antiviral drugs can exert strong selective pressure on SARS-COV-2. In March 2020, we proposed the concept of Low Dose Radiation Therapy (LDRT) for COVID-19 associated pneumonia. This treatment was a 100% "selective pressure-free" therapeutic approach. After our paper, tens of papers published on this issue, and now LDRT for COVID-19 is receiving rapidly increasing global attention.
The Challenges of J-shaped Dose Response Models for Ionizing and Non-ionizing...SMJ Mortazavi
An accumulating body of evidence indicates that living organisms exposed to specific windows of doses/dose rates of both ionizing and non-ionizing radiation demonstrate J-shaped dose response curves. Evaluation of these dose-response curves is of great importance in radiation biology as well as radiation protection. Studies conducted by my colleagues and I show that the general patterns of induction of phenomena such as adaptive response are similar for ionizing and non-ionizing radiations. Given this consideration, we have previously reported that the so called “dose window theory” that is well discussed for adaptive responses induced by ionizing radiation, is valid for non-ionizing radiation. Recently, after reviewing the current literature, we provided data indicating that in a similar pattern with ionizing radiation, the carcinogenesis of non-ionizing radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) may have a nonlinear dose-response relationship. In particular, we introduced data that support the validity of a J-shaped dose-response relationship. Considering the pattern of J-shaped dose response models, ignoring the key issue of the exposure level (low levels vs. high-level exposures) can be introduced as a main root of current controversial reports regarding the carcinogenesis of RF-EMF. In this light, some studies show an association between mobile phone use and brain tumors, especially in people who used their mobile phones for long durations (e.g. ≥10 years). In summary, better understanding of the J-shaped dose response models for both ionizing and non-ionizing radiations can shed some light on the dark corners of current controversies about the adverse health effects of low-level exposures.
Our first report on the role of exposure to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or microwave radiation emitted by mobile phones in enhancing the release of mercury from dental amalgam restoration was published in 2008
How does biological protection help astronauts tolerate high levels of radiationSMJ Mortazavi
Abstract:
Exposure to high levels of space radiation and microgravity are two important concerns which need to be addressed before any long-term manned space mission. There are also reports showing that microgravity, through a synergistic effect, increases the radiation susceptibility of living organisms. Other researchers as well as our team have conducted some experiments on design and fabrication of appropriate radiation shields for spacecrafts. However, due to some cardinal barriers such as weight limitations and extreme inadequacy of current physical shields during extravehicular activity, we strongly believe that the physical shielding alone cannot solve the problem of potential exposure to high levels of radiation in a long-term space mission.
Therefore, over the past several years, we focused on two solutions; radioadaptive response and other biological-based radiation protection methods. Adaptive response, that is the increased radioresistance in cells or living organisms pre-exposed to a low adapting dose and then exposed to a high challenging dose, was firstly proposed by our team in 2003 as an effective method. This novel idea later formed the basis of many space radiation biology projects around the world.
Furthermore, conventional radioprotectors cannot efficiently be used in space due to limitations such as their considerable toxicity and the very narrow time window for their effective use (radioprotectors should be used before or at the time of exposure, while astronauts cannot estimate their doses before a solar particle event). Therefore, we focused on introducing natural radiation mitigators which could be efficiently used several hours after exposure (e.g. when a solar particle event subsides and astronauts are able to estimate their doses). In these experiments, radiation mitigators were introduced by our team which could be used even 24 hours after exposure to high levels of radiation caused by unpredictable sources such as SPEs.
Finally, some of our recent experiments were aimed at finding methods which could lead to boosting the immune system of astronauts during long-term missions. We investigated the effect of RF-EMFs-induced adaptive responses on immune system modulation in a mouse model of hindlimb unloading (HU). Hindlimb unloading rodent model is widely accepted by the scientific community as the model of choice for simulating spaceflight. In this study, serum levels of T helper cytokines were determined in HU mice, RF-EMF treated mice and HU mice pre-exposed to RF-EMF compared to those of untreated controls. The findings of this study will be published soon.
Humans, animals and plants have been exposed to natural radiation since the creation of life. Interestingly, life evolved in a radiation field that was much more intense than today. The annual effective radiation dose from natural and man-made sources for the world's population is about 3 mSv, which includes exposure to alpha radiation from radon and its progeny nuclides. Nearly 80% of this dose (2.4 mSv) comes from natural background radiation, although levels of natural radiation can vary greatly. Ramsar, a northern coastal city in Iran, has areas with some of the highest levels of natural radiation measured to date. The effective dose equivalents in very high background radiation areas (VHBRAs) of Ramsar in particular in Talesh Mahalleh, are a few times higher than the ICRP-recommended radiation dose limits for radiation workers.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), factors such as growing electricity demand, ever-advancing technologies and changes in social behaviour have led to steadily increasing exposure to man-made electromagnetic fields. Dental amalgam fillings are among the major sources of exposure to elemental mercury vapour in the general population. Although it was previously believed that low levels are mercury (i.g. release of mercury from dental amalgam) is not hazardous, now numerous data indicate that even very low doses of mercury cause toxicity. There are some evidence indicating that perinatal exposure to mercury is significantly associated with an increased risk of developmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Furthermore, mercury can decrease the levels of neurotransmitters dopamine, serotonin, noreprenephrine, and acetylcholine in the brain and cause neurological problems. On the other hand, a strong positive correlation between maternal and cord blood mercury levels is found in some studies. We have previously shown that exposure to MRI or microwave radiation emitted by common mobile phones can lead to increased release of mercury from dental amalgam fillings. Moreover, when we investigated the effects of MRI machines with stronger magnetic fields, our previous findings were confirmed. As a strong association between exposure to electromagnetic fields and mercury level has been found in our previous studies, our findings can lead us to this conclusion that maternal exposure to electromagnetic fields in mothers with dental amalgam fillings may cause elevated levels of mercury and trigger the increase in autism rates. Further studies are needed to have a better understanding of the possible role of the increased mercury level after exposure to electromagnetic fields and the rate of autism spectrum disorders in the offspring
No doubt, exposure to RF radiation emitted from mobile phones may cause some detrimental effects. However, in some special circumstances, these radiations may cause some stimulatory or beneficial effects. Our team is currently preparing a review article on the stimulatory/beneficial effects of exposure to mobile phone radiation.
How did we trigger scientists around the globe to uncover the low dose radiat...SMJ Mortazavi
Any attempt to inactivate a virus exerts strong selective pressure on the virus. Given this consideration, antiviral drugs can exert strong selective pressure on SARS-COV-2. In March 2020, we proposed the concept of Low Dose Radiation Therapy (LDRT) for COVID-19 associated pneumonia. This treatment was a 100% "selective pressure-free" therapeutic approach. After our paper, tens of papers published on this issue, and now LDRT for COVID-19 is receiving rapidly increasing global attention.
The Challenges of J-shaped Dose Response Models for Ionizing and Non-ionizing...SMJ Mortazavi
An accumulating body of evidence indicates that living organisms exposed to specific windows of doses/dose rates of both ionizing and non-ionizing radiation demonstrate J-shaped dose response curves. Evaluation of these dose-response curves is of great importance in radiation biology as well as radiation protection. Studies conducted by my colleagues and I show that the general patterns of induction of phenomena such as adaptive response are similar for ionizing and non-ionizing radiations. Given this consideration, we have previously reported that the so called “dose window theory” that is well discussed for adaptive responses induced by ionizing radiation, is valid for non-ionizing radiation. Recently, after reviewing the current literature, we provided data indicating that in a similar pattern with ionizing radiation, the carcinogenesis of non-ionizing radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) may have a nonlinear dose-response relationship. In particular, we introduced data that support the validity of a J-shaped dose-response relationship. Considering the pattern of J-shaped dose response models, ignoring the key issue of the exposure level (low levels vs. high-level exposures) can be introduced as a main root of current controversial reports regarding the carcinogenesis of RF-EMF. In this light, some studies show an association between mobile phone use and brain tumors, especially in people who used their mobile phones for long durations (e.g. ≥10 years). In summary, better understanding of the J-shaped dose response models for both ionizing and non-ionizing radiations can shed some light on the dark corners of current controversies about the adverse health effects of low-level exposures.
Our first report on the role of exposure to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or microwave radiation emitted by mobile phones in enhancing the release of mercury from dental amalgam restoration was published in 2008
How does biological protection help astronauts tolerate high levels of radiationSMJ Mortazavi
Abstract:
Exposure to high levels of space radiation and microgravity are two important concerns which need to be addressed before any long-term manned space mission. There are also reports showing that microgravity, through a synergistic effect, increases the radiation susceptibility of living organisms. Other researchers as well as our team have conducted some experiments on design and fabrication of appropriate radiation shields for spacecrafts. However, due to some cardinal barriers such as weight limitations and extreme inadequacy of current physical shields during extravehicular activity, we strongly believe that the physical shielding alone cannot solve the problem of potential exposure to high levels of radiation in a long-term space mission.
Therefore, over the past several years, we focused on two solutions; radioadaptive response and other biological-based radiation protection methods. Adaptive response, that is the increased radioresistance in cells or living organisms pre-exposed to a low adapting dose and then exposed to a high challenging dose, was firstly proposed by our team in 2003 as an effective method. This novel idea later formed the basis of many space radiation biology projects around the world.
Furthermore, conventional radioprotectors cannot efficiently be used in space due to limitations such as their considerable toxicity and the very narrow time window for their effective use (radioprotectors should be used before or at the time of exposure, while astronauts cannot estimate their doses before a solar particle event). Therefore, we focused on introducing natural radiation mitigators which could be efficiently used several hours after exposure (e.g. when a solar particle event subsides and astronauts are able to estimate their doses). In these experiments, radiation mitigators were introduced by our team which could be used even 24 hours after exposure to high levels of radiation caused by unpredictable sources such as SPEs.
Finally, some of our recent experiments were aimed at finding methods which could lead to boosting the immune system of astronauts during long-term missions. We investigated the effect of RF-EMFs-induced adaptive responses on immune system modulation in a mouse model of hindlimb unloading (HU). Hindlimb unloading rodent model is widely accepted by the scientific community as the model of choice for simulating spaceflight. In this study, serum levels of T helper cytokines were determined in HU mice, RF-EMF treated mice and HU mice pre-exposed to RF-EMF compared to those of untreated controls. The findings of this study will be published soon.
Humans, animals and plants have been exposed to natural radiation since the creation of life. Interestingly, life evolved in a radiation field that was much more intense than today. The annual effective radiation dose from natural and man-made sources for the world's population is about 3 mSv, which includes exposure to alpha radiation from radon and its progeny nuclides. Nearly 80% of this dose (2.4 mSv) comes from natural background radiation, although levels of natural radiation can vary greatly. Ramsar, a northern coastal city in Iran, has areas with some of the highest levels of natural radiation measured to date. The effective dose equivalents in very high background radiation areas (VHBRAs) of Ramsar in particular in Talesh Mahalleh, are a few times higher than the ICRP-recommended radiation dose limits for radiation workers.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), factors such as growing electricity demand, ever-advancing technologies and changes in social behaviour have led to steadily increasing exposure to man-made electromagnetic fields. Dental amalgam fillings are among the major sources of exposure to elemental mercury vapour in the general population. Although it was previously believed that low levels are mercury (i.g. release of mercury from dental amalgam) is not hazardous, now numerous data indicate that even very low doses of mercury cause toxicity. There are some evidence indicating that perinatal exposure to mercury is significantly associated with an increased risk of developmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Furthermore, mercury can decrease the levels of neurotransmitters dopamine, serotonin, noreprenephrine, and acetylcholine in the brain and cause neurological problems. On the other hand, a strong positive correlation between maternal and cord blood mercury levels is found in some studies. We have previously shown that exposure to MRI or microwave radiation emitted by common mobile phones can lead to increased release of mercury from dental amalgam fillings. Moreover, when we investigated the effects of MRI machines with stronger magnetic fields, our previous findings were confirmed. As a strong association between exposure to electromagnetic fields and mercury level has been found in our previous studies, our findings can lead us to this conclusion that maternal exposure to electromagnetic fields in mothers with dental amalgam fillings may cause elevated levels of mercury and trigger the increase in autism rates. Further studies are needed to have a better understanding of the possible role of the increased mercury level after exposure to electromagnetic fields and the rate of autism spectrum disorders in the offspring
Strategies for reducing the risk of radiation for astronauts in space mission...SMJ Mortazavi
Exposure to high levels of space radiation and microgravity are two important concerns which need to be addressed before any long-term manned space mission. There are also reports showing that microgravity, through a synergistic effect, increases the radiation susceptibility of living organisms. Other researchers as well as our team have conducted some experiments on design and fabrication of appropriate radiation shields for spacecrafts. However, due to some cardinal barriers such as weight limitations and extreme inadequacy of current physical shields during extravehicular activity, we strongly believe that the physical shielding alone cannot solve the problem of potential exposure to high levels of radiation in a long-term space mission.
Therefore, over the past several years, we focused on two solutions; radioadaptive response and other biological-based radiation protection methods. Adaptive response, that is the increased radioresistance in cells or living organisms pre-exposed to a low adapting dose and then exposed to a high challenging dose, was firstly proposed by our team in 2003 as an effective method. This novel idea later formed the basis of many space radiation biology projects around the world.
Furthermore, conventional radioprotectors cannot efficiently be used in space due to limitations such as their considerable toxicity and the very narrow time window for their effective use (radioprotectors should be used before or at the time of exposure, while astronauts cannot estimate their doses before a solar particle event). Therefore, we focused on introducing natural radiation mitigators which could be efficiently used several hours after exposure (e.g. when a solar particle event subsides and astronauts are able to estimate their doses). In these experiments, radiation mitigators were introduced by our team which could be used even 24 hours after exposure to high levels of radiation caused by unpredictable sources such as SPEs.
Finally, some of our recent experiments were aimed at finding methods which could lead to boosting the immune system of astronauts during long-term missions. We investigated the effect of RF-EMFs-induced adaptive responses on immune system modulation in a mouse model of hindlimb unloading (HU). Hindlimb unloading rodent model is widely accepted by the scientific community as the model of choice for simulating spaceflight. In this study, serum levels of T helper cytokines were determined in HU mice, RF-EMF treated mice and HU mice pre-exposed to RF-EMF compared to those of untreated controls. The findings of this study will be published soon.
Radiofrequency Radiation and Children’s Health – Sustainability Challenges fo...Mikko Ahonen
Presented in the 14 Scandinavian Workshop on E-Goverment. By post-doc researcher, PhD Mikko Ahonen and researcher, PhD student Tarmo Koppel.
Includes discussion about outdated RF Guidelines and risk-management from schools' perspective.
Voltage Transients and Health - Is There a Connection?Mikko Ahonen
Discussion about voltage transients and harmonic overwaves (aka "dirty electricity"). How 'smart grids" and "smart meters" could be made more healthier and sustainable. What 'Power Factor Correction' really means. Based on my research paper and presentation at The 4th International HYVITE Symposium on Wellbeing Technology, 9th June 2010 in Tampere, Finland.
The Topic is Radioprotective Efficacy of RK-IP-006 in mammalian system. Experiments performed were Antioxidant assay, SDS-PAGE, Western Blot to check the effect against radiation of 9Gy.
Om 5G-teknik i Umeå - Massive MIMO, Beamforming, MillimetervågorMikko Ahonen
Presentation at the University of Umeå. Umeå is a test city for 5G in Sweden. Therefore environmental and health risks related to 5G-technology are illustrated. In Swedish language, however many examples are in English.
Mercury Released from Dental Amalgam Fillings in Response to Different Physic...SMJ Mortazavi
Approximately 50% of dental amalgam is elemental mercury by weight. Accumulating body of evidence now shows that not only static magnetic fields (SMF) but both ionizing and non-ionizing electromagnetic radiations can increase the rate of mercury release from dental amalgam fillings. Iranian scientists firstly addressed this issue in 2008 but more than 10 years later, it became viral worldwide after BBC released a report on this issue.
Strategies for reducing the risk of radiation for astronauts in space mission...SMJ Mortazavi
Exposure to high levels of space radiation and microgravity are two important concerns which need to be addressed before any long-term manned space mission. There are also reports showing that microgravity, through a synergistic effect, increases the radiation susceptibility of living organisms. Other researchers as well as our team have conducted some experiments on design and fabrication of appropriate radiation shields for spacecrafts. However, due to some cardinal barriers such as weight limitations and extreme inadequacy of current physical shields during extravehicular activity, we strongly believe that the physical shielding alone cannot solve the problem of potential exposure to high levels of radiation in a long-term space mission.
Therefore, over the past several years, we focused on two solutions; radioadaptive response and other biological-based radiation protection methods. Adaptive response, that is the increased radioresistance in cells or living organisms pre-exposed to a low adapting dose and then exposed to a high challenging dose, was firstly proposed by our team in 2003 as an effective method. This novel idea later formed the basis of many space radiation biology projects around the world.
Furthermore, conventional radioprotectors cannot efficiently be used in space due to limitations such as their considerable toxicity and the very narrow time window for their effective use (radioprotectors should be used before or at the time of exposure, while astronauts cannot estimate their doses before a solar particle event). Therefore, we focused on introducing natural radiation mitigators which could be efficiently used several hours after exposure (e.g. when a solar particle event subsides and astronauts are able to estimate their doses). In these experiments, radiation mitigators were introduced by our team which could be used even 24 hours after exposure to high levels of radiation caused by unpredictable sources such as SPEs.
Finally, some of our recent experiments were aimed at finding methods which could lead to boosting the immune system of astronauts during long-term missions. We investigated the effect of RF-EMFs-induced adaptive responses on immune system modulation in a mouse model of hindlimb unloading (HU). Hindlimb unloading rodent model is widely accepted by the scientific community as the model of choice for simulating spaceflight. In this study, serum levels of T helper cytokines were determined in HU mice, RF-EMF treated mice and HU mice pre-exposed to RF-EMF compared to those of untreated controls. The findings of this study will be published soon.
Radiofrequency Radiation and Children’s Health – Sustainability Challenges fo...Mikko Ahonen
Presented in the 14 Scandinavian Workshop on E-Goverment. By post-doc researcher, PhD Mikko Ahonen and researcher, PhD student Tarmo Koppel.
Includes discussion about outdated RF Guidelines and risk-management from schools' perspective.
Voltage Transients and Health - Is There a Connection?Mikko Ahonen
Discussion about voltage transients and harmonic overwaves (aka "dirty electricity"). How 'smart grids" and "smart meters" could be made more healthier and sustainable. What 'Power Factor Correction' really means. Based on my research paper and presentation at The 4th International HYVITE Symposium on Wellbeing Technology, 9th June 2010 in Tampere, Finland.
The Topic is Radioprotective Efficacy of RK-IP-006 in mammalian system. Experiments performed were Antioxidant assay, SDS-PAGE, Western Blot to check the effect against radiation of 9Gy.
Om 5G-teknik i Umeå - Massive MIMO, Beamforming, MillimetervågorMikko Ahonen
Presentation at the University of Umeå. Umeå is a test city for 5G in Sweden. Therefore environmental and health risks related to 5G-technology are illustrated. In Swedish language, however many examples are in English.
Similar to The 5th congress of the Paris appeal - Exposure to electromagnetic fields, mercury release and adverse health effects - may 18 2015 [compatibility mode]
Mercury Released from Dental Amalgam Fillings in Response to Different Physic...SMJ Mortazavi
Approximately 50% of dental amalgam is elemental mercury by weight. Accumulating body of evidence now shows that not only static magnetic fields (SMF) but both ionizing and non-ionizing electromagnetic radiations can increase the rate of mercury release from dental amalgam fillings. Iranian scientists firstly addressed this issue in 2008 but more than 10 years later, it became viral worldwide after BBC released a report on this issue.
Final-How Some INIRPRC’s Studies Can Re-Route the Direction of Global Science...SMJ Mortazavi
In this presentation some of the game changer achievements of the Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC) in the following fields are discussed: 1. Space Biology 2. COVID-19 Management 3. Ramsar high background radiation areas (HBRAs) Studies 4. Health Effects of Radiofrequency Radiation
Health risks @ Electro Magnetic Radiation white paper & solution documentBrightsandz Technologies
You may address it as ElectroMagnetic Radiation or Microwave Radiation or ElectroSmog. One way or the other, man made sources of radiation may the most significant pollution that human activity has produced in this century. All the more because it is intangible, invisible and insensible.
This paper addresses the issue of electromagnetic radiation (EMR), while seeking to separate the fact and the myth about EMR.
It connects through a variety of relevant topics such as source of EMR and the effect of EMR on birds, animals, bats, bees; to the microwaving effect on human tissue and the key risks associated.We have covered the inadequate standards and the legislation and relevant case studies.
REVIEWS
Review: Weak radiofrequency radiation exposure from mobile phone radiation
on plants
Malka N. Halgamuge
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
ABSTRACT
Aim: The aim of this article was to explore the hypothesis that non-thermal, weak, radiofrequency
electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) have an effect on living plants. Subject and methods: In this study,
we performed an analysis of the data extracted from the 45 peer-reviewed scientific publications
(1996–2016) describing 169 experimental observations to detect the physiological and morpho-
logical changes in plants due to the non-thermal RF-EMF effects from mobile phone radiation.
Twenty-nine different species of plants were considered in this work. Results: Our analysis
demonstrates that the data from a substantial amount of the studies on RF-EMFs from mobile
phones show physiological and/or morphological effects (89.9%, p < 0.001). Additionally, our
analysis of the results from these reported studies demonstrates that the maize, roselle, pea,
fenugreek, duckweeds, tomato, onions and mungbean plants seem to be very sensitive to RF-
EMFs. Our findings also suggest that plants seem to be more responsive to certain frequencies,
especially the frequencies between (i) 800 and 1500 MHz (p < 0.0001), (ii) 1500 and 2400 MHz (p <
0.0001) and (iii) 3500 and 8000 MHz (p = 0.0161). Conclusion: The available literature on the effect
of RF-EMFs on plants to date observed the significant trend of radiofrequency radiation influence
on plants. Hence, this study provides new evidence supporting our hypothesis. Nonetheless, this
endorses the need for more experiments to observe the effects of RF-EMFs, especially for the
longer exposure durations, using the whole organisms. The above observation agrees with our
earlier study, in that it supported that it is not a well-grounded method to characterize biological
effects without considering the exposure duration. Nevertheless, none of these findings can be
directly associated with human; however, on the other hand, this cannot be excluded, as it can
impact the human welfare and health, either directly or indirectly, due to their complexity and
varied effects (calcium metabolism, stress proteins, etc.). This study should be useful as a reference
for researchers conducting epidemiological studies and the long-term experiments, using whole
organisms, to observe the effects of RF-EMFs.
ARTICLE HISTORY
Received 6 May 2016
Accepted 1 August 2016
KEYWORDS
Base station; mobile phones;
physiological and
morphological changes;
plant growth; plants;
radiofrequency
electromagnetic fields;
RF-EMF
Introduction
The number of mobile phones users was increased from
about 2.2 to 5.9 billion between 2005 and -2011 (Key global
telecom indicators, 2012). Approximately four mobile
phone service providers exist in a given geographical area
(Hyland, 2005). Consequently, the number of base stations
was al.
Background. Ionizing radiation could cause negative effects on DNA molecules, which leads mutation and tumorigenesis. Thyroid gland is one of the most radiosensitive organ due to the great oxidative process on their physiological condition. Medical workers have been exposed to radiation during medical image acquisition. The relation between radiation and the increase of thyroid cancer incidence have been studied before, the discussion mostly explain the acute effect of radiation. The aim of this study is to describe the incidence of thyroid nodule on radiation-exposed worker.
Methods. The study was performed in 40 radiation-exposed workers with at least has 5 years working period. We examined using thyroid ultrasonography and blood level of T3, fT4 and TSH.
Result. The incidence of thyroid nodule in radiation-exposed worker is 37.5%, which is higher among female (66%) than in male (29%). Based on the age distribution, most of the nodules were find in workers with age more than 35 years old. According to ultrasonography result and TIRADS scoring, 66.7% of the nodules were benign which categorize as TIRADS 1 and only 33% of the nodules were categorize as moderately suspicious or TIRADS 4.
Conclusion. Radiation-exposed workers have high risk to develop thyroid nodules. This study could be used as basic data to do further evaluation. It is important to perform thyroid screening periodically among them.
REVIEW Open AccessRadiations and female fertilityRoberto.docxhealdkathaleen
REVIEW Open Access
Radiations and female fertility
Roberto Marci1,2,3* , Maddalena Mallozzi4, Luisa Di Benedetto4, Mauro Schimberni4, Stefano Mossa5, Ilaria Soave4,
Stefano Palomba6 and Donatella Caserta4
Abstract
Hundreds of thousands of young women are diagnosed with cancer each year, and due to recent advances in
screening programs, diagnostic methods and treatment options, survival rates have significantly improved.
Radiation therapy plays an important role in cancer treatment and in some cases it constitutes the first therapy
proposed to the patient. However, ionizing radiations have a gonadotoxic action with long-term effects that
include ovarian insufficiency, pubertal arrest and subsequent infertility. Cranial irradiation may lead to disruption of
the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, with consequent dysregulation of the normal hormonal secretion. The
uterus might be damaged by radiotherapy, as well. In fact, exposure to radiation during childhood leads to altered
uterine vascularization, decreased uterine volume and elasticity, myometrial fibrosis and necrosis, endometrial atrophy
and insufficiency. As radiations have a relevant impact on reproductive potential, fertility preservation procedures
should be carried out before and/or during anticancer treatments. Fertility preservation strategies have been employed
for some years now and have recently been diversified thanks to advances in reproductive biology. Aim of this paper is
to give an overview of the various effects of radiotherapy on female reproductive function and to describe the current
fertility preservation options.
Keywords: Radiotherapy, Radiation, Infertility, Fertility preservation
Introduction
In modern society people are frequently exposed to differ-
ent types of radiations and this exposure comes form
different sources. It could be either related to everyday life
(e.g. televisions, mobile phones, computer devices, occupa-
tional equipment) or to the necessity of medical care (e.g.
diagnostic imaging, interventional radiology procedures,
anticancer therapy). Usually radiations are divided into two
big subgroups, ionizing and non-ionizing, depending on
the energy of the radiated particles.
Non-ionizing radiations
These type of radiations are basically electromagnetic fields
(EMFs) that do not have enough energy to release elec-
trons (non–ionizing), but are able to excite the movement
of an electron to a higher energy state. Several classification
of EMFs have been proposed, but generally 4 big
subgroups are recognized [1, 2]:
(i) extremely low frequency EMFs that have
frequencies below 300 Hz (military equipment,
railroads)
(ii) intermediate frequency EMFs characterized by
frequencies ranging from 300 Hz to 10 MHz
(televisions, computer monitors, industrial cables)
(iii)hyper frequency EMFs characterized by frequencies
ranging from 10 MHz to 3000 GHz (mobile
phones, radio)
(iv)static EMFs that have zero frequency (MRI,
geomagnetism)
The biological react ...
Similar to The 5th congress of the Paris appeal - Exposure to electromagnetic fields, mercury release and adverse health effects - may 18 2015 [compatibility mode] (20)
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that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
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and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
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These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
The 5th congress of the Paris appeal - Exposure to electromagnetic fields, mercury release and adverse health effects - may 18 2015 [compatibility mode]
1. Increased Mercury Release from Dental Amalgam
Restorations after Exposure to Electromagnetic
The Fifth Congress of the Paris Appeal
May 18th 2015
Royal Academy Of Medecine, Belgium
Restorations after Exposure to Electromagnetic
Fields as a Potential Hazard for Hypersensitive
People and Pregnant Women
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ
Mortazavi (Ph.D) 1
SMJ Mortazavi, Ph.D
Professor of Medical Physics & INIRPRC Director
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
mmortazavi@sums.ac.ir
Ghazal Mortazavi, Ph.D
Dentist
Bushehr University of Medical Sciences
qaz.mortazavi@gmail.com
2. The Fifth Congress of the Paris Appeal
Environmental idiopathic intolerance:
What role for EMFs and multiple
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ
Mortazavi (Ph.D) 2
chemicals ?
Electrohypersensitivity (EHS) and multiple
chemical sensitivity (MCS)
3. Electricity is an
essential part of
modern life.
It is estimated that by
the middle of this
century, the global usecentury, the global use
of electricity will be
multiplied by a factor
of 2.5 to 3.0.
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ
Mortazavi (Ph.D) 3
4. Electromagnetic fields (EMF) are produced by the motion
of electrons.
All electrical or electronic devices such as wireless
technologies (e.g. Wi-Fi, mobile phones and cordless
phones), laptop computers, microwave ovens and powerphones), laptop computers, microwave ovens and power
lines produce electromagnetic fields.
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ
Mortazavi (Ph.D) 4
5. EMF Ocean!
We all live in an ocean of
electromagnetic fields!
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ
Mortazavi (Ph.D) 5
8. A very basic question that should be
answered:
Why is Exposure to Different
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ Mortazavi (Ph.D) 8
Why is Exposure to Different
Sources of EMFs so Important?
9. 9
Very Frequent Use by the Whole Population
Wide Geographical Distribution of Users
In Africa, No land-line but mobile phones are used
Poor Knowledge about the Effects
Inescapable Exposures
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ Mortazavi (Ph.D)
Very Wide Sources
Baby Watch, Wireless Technologies
Hidden Sources
Wi-Fi Signals coming from our neighbours
Continuous 24 h/d, 7 days/wk exposures
Old Standards
Challenging Serious Biological Effects
The issue of exposure to Children
10. Current Controversies!
The effect of RF-EMF on biological systems is still
controversial.
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ
Mortazavi (Ph.D) 10
11. Amalgam Mercury Issue
It was previously believed
that dental amalgam, which
contains about fifty
precents mercury, is inert
and cannot release mercuryand cannot release mercury
after restoration.
However, in 2009, the US
FDA acknowledged that
dental amalgam releases
low levels of elemental
mercury vapor.
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ
Mortazavi (Ph.D) 11
12. Dental Amalgam Safety Concern
Since 150 years ago,
amalgam has been used
in dentistry as an
excellent and versatile
However, nowadays, the
popularity of amalgam is
decreasing due to rapidly
growing concerns about itsexcellent and versatile
dental restorative
material due to its
properties such as low
cost, ease of application,
strength, durability, and
bacteriostatic effects.
growing concerns about its
detrimental health effects,
environmental pollution, and
aesthetics.
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ
Mortazavi (Ph.D) 12
13. Now there is a growing public concern!
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ
Mortazavi (Ph.D) 13
14. Historical Changes of Mercury%
After some historical
changes in the mercury-
to-amalgam ratio,
modern amalgams aremodern amalgams are
now produced from
precapsulated alloy
consisting of 42-45%
mercury by weight.
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ
Mortazavi (Ph.D) 14
15. According to ADA:
“Sometimes described as “silver-
colored” fillings, dental amalgam
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ Mortazavi (Ph.D)
15
colored” fillings, dental amalgam
has been used by dentists for more
than 100 years!” “Because of their durability, these
silver-colored fillings are often the
best choice for large cavities or
those that occur in the back teeth
where a lot of force is needed to
chew.”
17. Are low levels of mercury safe?
Recent findings indicate that
mercury, even at low doses, may
cause toxicity
As dental amalgam fillings releaseAs dental amalgam fillings release
low levels of elemental mercury
vapor, today, there is a debate over :
If these levels are safe and
Whether the safety threshold is
the same for different
subpopulations.
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ
Mortazavi (Ph.D) 17
18. • Concerns regarding the rapidly
growing exposure to EMF sources and
increased mercury release from dental
The rationale for our previous
studies
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ Mortazavi (Ph.D) 18
increased mercury release from dental
amalgam after exposure to
electromagnetic fields, especially in
children, people who are routinely
exposed to electromagnetic fields and
hypersensitive subpopulations,
prompted us to perform more studies.
19. MRI and the Release of Mercury
Our first report on the
role of exposure to
magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) orimaging (MRI) or
microwave radiation
emitted by mobile
phones in enhancing the
release of mercury from
dental amalgam
restoration was
published in 2008.
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ
Mortazavi (Ph.D) 19
20. MRI & Release of Mercury
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ
Mortazavi (Ph.D) 20
21. Mobile Phone Use and the Release of
Mercury
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ
Mortazavi (Ph.D) 21
22. Rationale for Our Recent Study
Nowadays, MRI systems
utilize:utilize:
Stronger static magnetic fields
Faster and stronger gradient
magnetic fields
More powerful radiofrequency
(RF) transmission coils
SMJ Mortazavi
23. Methods in our recent study
To overcome the limitations of our
previous study, we have recently
studied the effects of stronger
magnetic fields (1.5 T in our recent
study vs. 0.25 T in our previous
report) and provided further
support for the adverse effect of
MRI in increasing the release
of mercury from dental amalgam
fillings.
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ
Mortazavi (Ph.D) 23
27. No Effect Reports in the Literature
We have also
shown that a few
published papers
which reported nowhich reported no
increased release of
mercury after MRI,
may have severe
methodological
flaws.
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ
Mortazavi (Ph.D) 27
29. Mortazavi, G and Mortazavi,
SM (2015) Should pregnant
women with dental amalgam
fillings limit their exposure to
electromagnetic fields to
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ
Mortazavi (Ph.D) 29
electromagnetic fields to
prevent the toxic effects of
mercury in their foetuses?
Technol Health Care.
31. Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ
Mortazavi (Ph.D) 31
Mortazavi, G and Mortazavi, SMJ (in press) Amalgam contact hypersensitivity lesion: An unusual presentation-
report of a rare case. Annals of medical and health sciences research.
32. Figure
Human exposure to electromagnetic
fields generated by mobile phones,
MRI or X-rays can lead to increased
release of mercury from dental
amalgam fillings.
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ
Mortazavi (Ph.D) 32
Ghazal Mortazavi, Hossein Mozdarani, Samaneh
Jarideh, and SMJ Mortazavi . How Limiting is the
Increased Mercury Release Due to Exposure to
Electromagnetic Fields in Using Dental Amalgam in
Restorative Dentistry? IJRR. In press.
34. Autism Issue
There are some evidence indicating that perinatal
exposure to mercury is significantly associated with an
increased risk of developmental disorders such as
autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention-
deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Furthermore, mercury can decrease the levels of
neurotransmitters dopamine, serotonin,
noreprenephrine, and acetylcholine in the brain and
cause neurological problems.
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ
Mortazavi (Ph.D) 34
35. Autism Issue:
On the other hand, a strong positive correlation
between maternal and cord blood mercury levels is
found in some studies.
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ
Mortazavi (Ph.D) 35
36. Autism Issue:
Maternal exposure to electromagnetic fields in
mothers with dental amalgam fillings may cause
elevated levels of mercury and trigger the increase inelevated levels of mercury and trigger the increase in
autism rates.
Further studies are needed to have a better
understanding of the possible role of the increased
mercury level after exposure to electromagnetic fields
and the rate of autism spectrum disorders in the
offspring.
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ
Mortazavi (Ph.D) 36
37. Autism
Issue:
Considering the strong
association between
exposure to electromagnetic
fields and increased mercury
release from dental amalgam
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ
Mortazavi (Ph.D) 37
release from dental amalgam
fillings, it can be
hypothesized that maternal
exposure to electromagnetic
fields in mothers with dental
amalgam fillings may cause
elevated levels of mercury
and possibly trigger the
increase in autism rates
38. Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ
Mortazavi (Ph.D) 38
Reference: Mortazavi, G, Haghani, M, Rastegarian, N, Zarei, S, and Mortazavi, S (2015) Increased Release of Mercury
from Dental Amalgam Fillings due to Maternal Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields as a Possible Mechanism for the High
Rates of Autism in the Offspring: Introducing a Hypothesis. Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering.
39. What can we do?
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ Mortazavi (Ph.D)
39
40. Can we move to mercury free
dentistry?
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ Mortazavi (Ph.D) 40
Kathmandu– Academician, dental professionals and environmental experts emphasizes the protection of
human health and environmental pollution and urge the government to take initiative step to introduce national
regulation on mercury-free dentistry, mercury free health care services and an alternative dental curriculum.
41. Are There Alternatives to Using
Dental Amalgam Fillings?
Resin composite
Glass ionomer Every restorative material hasGlass ionomer
Resin ionomer
Porcelain
Gold alloys
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ
Mortazavi (Ph.D) 41
Every restorative material has
advantages and disadvantages!
42. According to ADA:
“Ultimately, the best dental filling
is no dental filling!”
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ Mortazavi (Ph.D)
42
is no dental filling!”
“Prevention is the best medicine!”
43. REFERENCES
[1] S. M. J. Mortazavi, M. Motamedifar, G. Namdari, M. Taheri, A. R. Mortazavi, and N. Shokrpour, "Non-
Linear Adaptive Phenomena which Decrease the Risk of infection after Pre-Exposure to Radiofrequency
Radiation," Dose-Response, in press.
[2] S. M. J. Mortazavi, S. Taeb, and N. Dehghan, "Alterations of Visual Reaction Time and Short Term
Memory in Military Radar Personnel," Iranian J Publ Health, vol. 42, pp. 428-435, 2013.
[3] S. M. J. Mortazavi, M. S. Rouintan, S. Taeb, N. Dehghan, A. A. Ghaffarpanah, Z. Sadeghi, et al.,
"Human short-term exposure to electromagnetic fields emitted by mobile phones decreases computer-assisted
visual reaction time," Acta Neurologica Belgica, vol. 112, pp. 171-175, 2012.
[4] S. M. J. Mortazavi, M. A. Mosleh-Shirazi, A. R. Tavassoli, M. Taheri, A. R. Mehdizadeh, S. A. S.
Namazi, et al., "Increased Radioresistance to Lethal Doses of Gamma Rays in Mice and Rats after Exposure toNamazi, et al., "Increased Radioresistance to Lethal Doses of Gamma Rays in Mice and Rats after Exposure to
Microwave Radiation Emitted by a GSM Mobile Phone Simulator," Dose Response, vol. 11 pp. 281-292, 2013.
[5] S. Mortazavi, M. Mosleh-Shirazi, A. Tavassoli, M. Taheri, Z. Bagheri, R. Ghalandari, et al., "A
comparative study on the increased radioresistance to lethal doses of gamma rays after exposure to microwave
radiation and oral intake of flaxseed oil," Iranian Journal of Radiation Research, vol. 9, pp. 9-14, 2011.
[6] S. M. J. Mortazavi, A. Habib, A. H. Ganj-Karimi, R. Samimi-Doost, A. Pour-Abedi, and A. Babaie,
"Alterations in TSH and Thyroid Hormones Following Mobile Phone Use," OMJ, vol. 24, pp. 274-278 2009.
[7] S. M. J. Mortazavi, E. Daiee, A. Yazdi, K. Khiabani, A. Kavousi, R. Vazirinejad, et al., "Mercury release
from dental amalgam restorations after magnetic resonance imaging and following mobile phone use,"
Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, vol. 11, pp. 1142-1146, 2008.
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ
Mortazavi (Ph.D) 43
44. [8] S. M. J. Mortazavi, J. Ahmadi, and M. Shariati, "Prevalence of subjective poor health symptoms associated with
exposure to electromagnetic fields among University students," Bioelectromagnetics, vol. 28, pp. 326-330, 2007.
[9] S. M. J. Mortazavi, "Safety Issue of Mobile Phone Base Stations " J Biomed Phys Eng, vol. 3, pp. 1-2, 2013.
[10] S. M. J. Mortazavi, "Adaptive responses after exposure to cosmic and natural terrestrial radiation," Indian Journal of
Radiation Research, pp. 104-112, 2004.
[11] S. M. J. Mortazavi, A. R. Tavasoli, F. Ranjbari, and P. Moamaei, "Effects of Laptop Computers' Electromagnetic Field
on Sperm Quality," Journal of Reproduction and Infertility, vol. 11, pp. 251-258, 2011.
[12] S. M. Mortazavi, S. Vazife-Doost, M. Yaghooti, S. Mehdizadeh, and A. Rajaie-Far, "Occupational exposure of dentists to
electromagnetic fields produced by magnetostrictive cavitrons alters the serum cortisol level," J Nat Sci Biol Med, vol. 3, pp. 60-
4, Jan 2012.
[13] S. M. Mortazavi, E. Daiee, A. Yazdi, K. Khiabani, A. Kavousi, R. Vazirinejad, et al., "Mercury release from dental
amalgam restorations after magnetic resonance imaging and following mobile phone use," Pak J Biol Sci, vol. 11, pp. 1142-6, Apr
15 2008.
[14] S. M. J. Mortazavi, M. Neghab, S. M. H. Anooshe, N. Bahaeddini, G. Mortazavi, and P. Neghab, "High Magnetic Flux[14] S. M. J. Mortazavi, M. Neghab, S. M. H. Anooshe, N. Bahaeddini, G. Mortazavi, and P. Neghab, "High Magnetic Flux
MRI Accelerates Release of Mercury from Dental Amalgam Fillings," THEIJOEM, 2014.
[15] S. M. J. Mortazavi, M. Neghab, S. M. H. Anoosheh, N. Bahaeddini, G. Mortazavi, P. Neghab, et al., "High-field MRI
and Mercury release from dental amalgam fillings," International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, vol. 5,
pp. 101-105, 2014.
[16] S. M. J. Mortazavi and G. Mortazavi, "Effects of X-rays and magnetic resonance imaging on mercury release from
dental amalgam into artificial saliva," Oral Radiology, pp. 1-2, 2014/09/30 2014.
[17] Mortazavi, G and Mortazavi, SMJ (in press) Amalgam contact hypersensitivity lesion: An unusual presentation-report of a
rare case. Annals of medical and health sciences research.
[18] Mortazavi, G, Jarideh, S, Mozdarani, H, and Mortazavi, SMJ (in press) Is Increased Mercury Release Due to Exposure
to Electromagnetic Fields a Limiting Factor for Using Dental Amalgam? . IJRR.
[19] Mortazavi, G, Haghani, M, Rastegarian, N, Zarei, S, and Mortazavi, S (2015) Increased Release of Mercury from Dental
Amalgam Fillings due to Maternal Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields as a Possible Mechanism for the High Rates of Autism in
the Offspring: Introducing a Hypothesis. Journal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering.
Ghazal Mortazavi (DDs) and SMJ
Mortazavi (Ph.D) 44