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![Open Source Is Where “Standard” Cloud
Infrastructure Will Be Defined
Open standards [require] multiple
providers, access to code and
data, and interoperability of services.
The obvious solution is an open
source reference model as the
standard.
Potential examples of such would be
the OpenStack effort.
-Simon Wardley
From “A Question of Standards”
http://blog.gardeviance.org/2011/04/question-of-standards.html
© 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 13](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/theeverchangingcloudv10-121109165349-phpapp02/85/The-Ever-Changing-Cloud-CloudExpo-2012-13-320.jpg)
Uploaded byLew Tucker
The Ever Changing Cloud, CloudExpo 2012
The document discusses the growth of cloud computing and networking driven by factors like broadband internet, wireless devices, and Moore's Law. It covers how social and real-time data streams are driving new data processing needs. The text also summarizes how data center networking is evolving from distributed to fabric-based models and how applications are becoming more network- and API- driven. Finally, it presents Cisco's vision and strategy around software-defined networking (SDN) and OpenStack for building open clouds.
The Ever Changing Cloud, CloudExpo 2012
- 1. Lew Tucker, VP/CTO CloudComputing Cisco Systems, Inc. @letucker © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 1
- 2. • Growth ofinternet usage • Broadband • Video, voice over IP • Mobile and Wireless • Anytime, any device • Smart, IP-connected devices • Technology tipping point • Moore’s Law driving down costs • Everything becoming digital • Explosion in applications and data © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 2
- 3. © 2010 Ciscoand/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 3
- 4. • Social dataand real-time processing of data streams • Customer buying behavior • Recommendations from social network • Wall street market feeds analyzed in real-time decision making systems • Complex event processing (CEP) • System and Network operational data • Dynamic resource allocation • Scale up/down services • Re-route traffic • Data storage models are changing • Object Store • NoSQL alternatives • In-memory databases, caching, SSD’s © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 4
- 5. • Data centertraffic between servers within the data center is much larger than that which leaves it • Edge of the network has moved onto servers in the form of virtual switches connected to virtual machines • Networking services such as firewalls, load balancers, vpn’s, may be virtualized and deployed anywhere in the network • Virtual overlays, tunnels, provide logical, isolated sub-networks in a multi-tenant shared environment © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 5
- 6. Gordon Moore Adam Smith © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 6
- 7. Charles Darwin © 2010Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 7
- 8. Distributed Fabric Based Application Driven Virtual Machines Monitoring Provisioning Networking End-User Apps Apps Apps Apps Programmable Provisionable Fabric L2, Compute Compute Storage Storage Services Services L3 L2, Compute Compute Storage Storage Services Services L3 Integrated Fabric & Cloud • Policy-based Provisioning World of Many Clouds • Scale Physical & Virtual/Cloud • Manual Provisioning • DC-wide/Cross-DC VM Mobility • Service-centric Provisioning • Limited scaling • Flexible – Anywhere, Anytime • Rack-wide VM mobility • Cross-cloud VM Mobility © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 8
- 9. App API’s Orchestration Cloud Computing Elastic Software Defined Computing Networking DevOps Network Virtualization © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 9
- 10. Applications are “stove-pipes”with poor utilization Corp Mktg Finance Engineering HR App App App App App App App OS OS OS OS OS OS OS Physical Physical Physical Physical Physical Physical Physical Server Server Server Server Server Server Server DB DB DB Storage DB DB Poor Utilization Inflexible Infrastructure © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 10
- 11. Corp Mktg Finance Engineering HR App App App App App App App OS OS OS OS OS OS OS Virtual Virtual Virtual Virtual Virtual Virtual Virtual Machine Machine Machine Machine Machine Machine Machine API-driven services Self-service portal Application Orchestration Cloud Infrastructure Service Managing a pool of shared resources Physical Server Physical DB Service Queue Server Storage Storage Physical Server Physical Server © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 11
- 12. What we canlearn from Internet Companies Enterprise Web Approach Approach Vertical scaling Scale-out Architecture HA failover model Design for Failure Transactional Infrastructure Application pools instead of specific islands Infrastructure Management Commercial through software Software Open Source Innovation and SCALE © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 12
- 13. Open Source IsWhere “Standard” Cloud Infrastructure Will Be Defined Open standards [require] multiple providers, access to code and data, and interoperability of services. The obvious solution is an open source reference model as the standard. Potential examples of such would be the OpenStack effort. -Simon Wardley From “A Question of Standards” http://blog.gardeviance.org/2011/04/question-of-standards.html © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 13
- 14. • OpenStack isopen source software for building highly scalable public and private clouds • Started in July 2010 - initial contributions from NASA and Rackspace, now foundation-led with over 180 companies now participating User Portal Developer API Developer API Identity/Authenticati VM Image Catalog on Developer API Developer API Developer API Compute Networking Storage (VM provisioning) (Virtual, Physical) (Object, Block) © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 14
- 15. Participating Companies 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Launch Austin Bexar Cactus Diablo Essex 2 Year Anniversary © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 15
- 16. © 2010 Ciscoand/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 16
- 17. © 2010 Ciscoand/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 17
- 18. © 2010 Ciscoand/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 18
- 19. © 2010 Ciscoand/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 19
- 20. Application Virtual Storage IP NGN VSwitch Compute Access Aggregation Core Peering Software Machine and SAN Backbone App App OS App OS OS Virtual Device Contexts Fabric-Hosted Internet App App Storage Firewall Virtual Device App OS OS Virtualization Services Contexts OS Storage Media Secure App App Encryption Domain App OS OS Routing OS IP NGN Service Profiles Port Profiles Virtual and VN-Link Machine Global Site Line-Rate Optimization Selection NetFlow Fibre Channel Forwarding Partners Port Profiles Intrusion and VN-Link Detection Fabric App Extension App App OS OS Application OS Control (SLB+) 10G Ethernet 10G FCoE Service 4G FC Control 1G Ethernet App VM to vSwitch App OS Virtual App OS Contexts for vSwitch to HW OS FW and SLB App to HW / VM Applications VMWare Nexus 1000v MDS 9000 + UCS, MCS 7800 Nexus 5000 Nexus 7000 Nexus 7000 CRS-1 CRS-1 Xen Consolidated (or Generic w/ Nexus 2000 (w/ Cat 6500 7600 ASR 9000 Hyper-V Storage Arrays Rack or Fabric Extender as Services 6500 ASR 1000 (EMC, etc.) Blade Servers) Chassis) 7600 © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 20
- 21. © 2010 Ciscoand/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 21
- 22. • Compute service(EC2): virtual machines App Svr • Specify vCPU, Memory, Disk OS • Launch instance (image, mem_size, disk) VM • Suspend, clone, migrate • Storage service (S3, EBS): virtual disks • Specify storage amount, access rights • Store object • Create/attach block • What to do about networks? © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 22
- 23. • Compute service(EC2): virtual machines • Launch instance (image, mem_size, disk) App Svr • Suspend, clone, migrate OS VM • Storage service (S3, EBS): virtual disks • Store object • Create/attach block • Network service (Quantum): virtual networks App Svr App Svr OS OS • Create/delete private network VM VM • Attach VM to network resource • Maintain compatibility with Nova networking model • Work with different networking environments • Add support over time • Routing • IP address management • Service attachment © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 23
- 24. Plug-in architecture tosupport different networking infrastructure and technologies Quantum API API Extensions Quantum Service Quantum Plug-in API Cisco Cloud Networking Plug-In UCS MGR, Nexus, NSM Cisco ONE API’s Cisco Infrastructure Products • Nexus 1k/7k • Unified Computing System (via UCS Manager) • Routing portfolio (e.g. ASR, CRS) © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 24
- 25. Portal (Horizon) Applications Other Services Cloud Platform - Developer API Compute Storage Network Identity (Keystone) (Nova) (Swift) (Quantum) Servers Disks Networks Images (Glance) Folsom Release © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 25
- 26. Customer’s Application Cloud Provider, Network-centric Services Classic App Mgmt Other Virtual Virtual Virtual Networking Services Services Waas Firewall VPN Services API API API VPN App/Service Video Catalog Services API API API App App Firewall Location Monitoring OS OS API API API VM VM WAAS Service Analytics Assurance DataBase API API API Load OS Identity Balancer Mobility Mgmt VM OpenStack Cloud Platform Compute Storage Network User and • Bridges the virtual and physical layers Service Service Service System Servers Disks Networks Admin Resource Virtualization/hypervisor Layer Hypervisor: KVM, Xen, ESX - Nexus 1000v + Open vSwitch • Creates and manages virtualized compute, storage and networking resources Network Virtualization: VLAN, OpenFlow, LISP, VXLAN Physical Resource Layer • Networking, Storage and Compute resources • UCS unified systems © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 26
- 27. Developer and Channel Support Services Virtualized Applications and Services Massive Scale Applications Customer Virtualized NW Mgmt Applications Services Services Big Data Massive Scale Web API API Services API Storage Firewall Hadoop Monitoring Services API API Load API Service KeyValue VDI Balancer Hadoop Assurance Store Media NoSQL Analytics Database AppStore Software APIs Cloud Infrastructure as a Service Network Compute Storage as Software APIs Service Service aService SDN Platform Virtual Network Edge Domain Specific Virtual Virtualized Virtualized Controllers Machines Storage Networking SDN Framework Traditional Networking OpenFlow API OverDrive – UCS manager UCS © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 27
- 28. Application, “I wouldlike certain resources (of type …) certain virtual topologies, specific services” OpenStack Quantum Service Lower levels provision physical or virtual resources, setup configuration, and provide information back “Network-as-a-Service” is very new – still lots to be • Span multiple data centers? • Best placement of VMs? • Network security, policies? • Quality of service? • Notion of a network container? • SLA guarantees? © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 28
- 29. POLICY Orchestration ANALYTICS Program for Harvest Optimized Network Experience Intelligence Network © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 29
- 30. Massively Research/ Service Scalable Cloud Enterprise Academia Providers Data Center Experimental Customize with Automated Policy-based Virtual OpenFlow/SDN Programmatic provisioning control and workloads, VDI, components for APIs to provide and analytics to Orchestration of production deep insight into programmable optimize and security profiles networks network traffic overlay, Open monetize Stack service delivery Network Network Flow Scalable Agile Service Private Cloud “Slicing” Management Multi-Tenancy Delivery Automation Diverse Programmability Requirements Across Segments Most Requirements are for Automation & Programmability © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 30
- 31. Industry’s Most ComprehensiveNetworking Portfolio Hardware + Software Physical + Virtual Network + Compute Software API’s 1 3 Platform Virtual APIs Overlays a Network 2 onePK Controllers and Open Clouds with Agents Nexus 1000V SDN: - ONE Controller (OpenFlow, onePK) - OpenFlow Agents © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. www.cisco.com/go/one 31
- 32. VM VM VM VM Logical containers for VM VM each application in a VM multi-tenant cloud OpenStack OpenStack OpenStack API-driven Open Compute Networking Storage Cloud Platform (Nova) (Quantum) (Swift) Programmable Platform Network Infrastructure APIs Services a Virtual Controllers Overlays Firewall, etc. onePK and Agents Nexus 1000V ONE Controller VXLAN/LISP (OpenFlow, onePK) © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 32
- 33. Community Participation Cisco Engineering • OpenStack Foundation • Cisco OpenStack Edition Board member • Quantum Plug-ins for • Code Contributions Cisco networking across Core services technology • Focus on Network • UCS systems Service, Compute • Cisco Intelligent Service and Automation/orchestration Dashboard • Cross Cisco • HA and automation for collaborations large scale production Customers • Public/private clouds • Extend cloud model for rapid provisioning of network services • Drive innovation through real-world use cases © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 33
- 34. OpenStack Design Summitand Conference San Diego, Oct 15-18 Cisco at OpenStack Summit OpenStack plays an important role as part of the Cisco Open Network Environment strategy to deliver infrastructure programmability to application developers in the cloud. This week we are announcing: • OpenStack Cisco edition: This is a community packaged version of the OpenStack Folsom release with open source components for production deployments, such as high availability, monitoring, and networking enabled by Cisco using Quantum. • Integration of Cisco Intelligent Automation for Cloud with OpenStack Cisco edition, Essex, and Folsom through a multi-cloud accelerator kit: The new multi-cloud accelerator kit extends Cisco Intelligent Automation for Cloud support for OpenStack and provides the ability to manage multiple virtual environments including Amazon EC2, VMware vCloud, Red Hat RHEV, and Citrix XenServer. Visit our booth to learn more and see demos: Visit our webpage: www.cisco.com/go/openstack • Cisco Intelligent Automation for Cloud • Automated deployment of OpenStack services using Puppet scripting • Integration of Nexus 1000V virtual switch with OpenStack Quantum network service © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Visit the Cisco Booth to Learn More 34 © 2012 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- 35. Cisco Intelligent Automationfor Cloud Pre-Built Self-Service Portal and Service Catalog 3rd Party Systems Management Content Packs Cisco Cloud Portal Multi-Cloud Orchestration and Automation Accelerator Cisco Process Orchestrator Kit New! Integration Framework Cisco Cisco 3rd Party Network UCS Infrastructure Services Manager Manager AWS EC2 Vmware vCloud © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 35
- 36. Scalable Applications andServices Cloud File Streaming Media Mobile App Storage Additional Cloud Services and API’s App Orchestration Cloud Foundry Elastic Load Ruby on Rails Scalable DB Multi-media DB Balancer Platform Core Cloud Platform Services (e.g. open stack) Compute Service Storage Service Network Service Virtualization Layer Hyper Visor (KVM) Virtual Networks & SDN Virtualized Network Services System Infrastructure Servers Networking Storage © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 36
- 37. • What arethe services which will accelerate application development and deployment? • Can we achieve the benefits without the complexity? • What are the important abstractions? • What is exposed to application developers, what is hidden? • Specialized processor capabilities, e.g. GPUs? • Networks, subnets, routing? • VM Placement, Geographic location, region? • Access to physical network services (load balancers, firewalls, etc.)? • How can we allow for future innovation in infrastructure? © 2010 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 37
- 38.
Editor's Notes
- #7 Cloud computing isn’t so much about fundamentally new technology, but rather a change in the way that it is delivered. What is interesting is that it is driven not only by the advancement of technology, as characterized by Moore’s law (cost performance doubling every 18 months), but also by economics. The market for consumer electronics has driven down the cost of processors, memory, and disk storage such that computing is becoming relatively cheap.Even more interesting is the fact that services like Amazon’s AWS and others are setting a market price for computing. Today an hour computing costs around 10 cents per hour, and the cost to store a gigabyte for a month is around 15 cents. With the new infrastructure-as-a-service delivery model, one can also pay only for what you use and avoid the traditional capital investment corporations have made in IT.Most importantly, from a historical perspective we have for the first time an easily measured, market-determined cost of computing.
- #8 Cloud computing isn’t so much about fundamentally new technology, but rather a change in the way that it is delivered. What is interesting is that it is driven not only by the advancement of technology, as characterized by Moore’s law (cost performance doubling every 18 months), but also by economics. The market for consumer electronics has driven down the cost of processors, memory, and disk storage such that computing is becoming relatively cheap.Even more interesting is the fact that services like Amazon’s AWS and others are setting a market price for computing. Today an hour computing costs around 10 cents per hour, and the cost to store a gigabyte for a month is around 15 cents. With the new infrastructure-as-a-service delivery model, one can also pay only for what you use and avoid the traditional capital investment corporations have made in IT.Most importantly, from a historical perspective we have for the first time an easily measured, market-determined cost of computing.
- #11 So what is it about the cloud computing that makes it so much more desirable as a model for how data centers are run? Here we have a simplified model of an enterprise IT organization supporting multiple departments. This same approach works for managed service providers if you imagine the departments are actually different customers or tenants.Watch what happens when the data center grows as more applications are added. As each new application is added, a new system configuration is created consisting of a server, operating system, storage, and the app itself. As more applications are added, the system grows in complexity. There is very little scaling advantage. Because each application setup took getting approval, and months of development, even those apps that are only used occasionally never leave for fear the department wouldn’t ever get the servers back again. This leads to the so-called “server hugging” and the resulting poor utilization and inflexible infrastructure.(While we are showing this for an enterprise, the same holds true for a managed services provider by viewing each application as a different tenant.)
- #12 As shown in green, the infrastructure service provider is now responsible for provisioning and managing physical resources and running in essence the single “cloud infrastructure application” as a service across all resources. This organization can therefore become very very efficient and almost completely automated, which dramatically reduces their costs.Of course, in a way, all we’ve done is to push the problem of application management up to the individual application owners or another part of the organization. For some organizations, like the engineering department, this is just the way they want it anyway. They would rather manage their applications without interference. For others, this self-service model means they only have to pay for what they use. This makes it possible for them to move more quickly and be less dependent. The need for application management doesn’t go away, but by separating it from the management of the infrastructure, it can be performed in a much more cost effective way.This de-coupling of the application layer from the physical infrastructure, along with self-service and automation is what makes cloud computing so much more cost effective.