The discovery of Australia
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While Captain Cook is often credited with discovering Australia, this document argues that the Portuguese actually discovered Australia in the 1540s, as evidenced by a map from that time period showing Australia. However, the Portuguese kept this discovery secret for strategic reasons and the building housing maps of Australia was later destroyed, so Captain Cook's discovery was more widely publicized, even though he was not the first European to find Australia.
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The Great Depression was caused by farmers and factory workers losing money due to increased competition from European farms and a tariff on imported goods that led other countries to retaliate. There was also too much buying on credit in the 1920s and people borrowing money to invest in stocks, which then crashed. President Hoover tried to lend money to banks and businesses to stimulate the economy but did not help the unemployed. President Roosevelt created the New Deal, passing laws to regulate Wall Street and banking and creating programs to insure bank deposits, provide social security, and employ people in public works projects.
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