The difference between bipolar I disorder and bipolar II disorder is.pdf
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The difference between bipolar I disorder and bipolar II disorder is: Select one: a. the seasonal variation in the episodes. b. the number of depressive and manic episodes. c. the number of depressive episodes. d. the severity of the manic episodes. Solution biolar disorders are mental health problems mainly affects your mood. these disorders mainly characterzied by mania and depression. bipolar disorders are classified as type I and II. in type I is characterized by one or more manic episodes or mixed episodes (mania and depression) but is marked by extreme manic episodes. in bipolar disorders II is characterized by one or more major depressive episodes and at least one hypomania. as see above both types I and II there is occurence of depressive episodes but main difference is the severity of the manic episodes. type I -mania but in type II hypomania.
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The Signs and Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar disorder is a serious mental illness that affects over 2% of the US population. It is characterized by dramatic mood swings and there are five distinct types: (1) Bipolar 1 Disorder involves periods of mania and depression without a set duration; (2) Bipolar 2 Disorder includes less severe hypomania and depression; (3) Cyclothymia Disorder has shorter periods of hypomania and depression; (4) Mixed Features involves concurrent depression and mania or excess energy with sleep issues; (5) Rapid-Cycling involves manic and depressive episodes lasting days or hours. The document provides an overview of the symptoms of each type of bipolar disorder.
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Bipolar disorder is a cyclical mood disorder that results in pathological mood swings from mania to depression. It has been recognized and studied for hundreds of years. There is strong evidence that bipolar disorder has a genetic component, with family and twin studies showing increased risk among relatives of those diagnosed. While specific genetic variants have not been consistently identified, heritability is stronger for bipolar disorder than for unipolar depression. Proper diagnosis distinguishes between bipolar I and II, as well as related disorders like cyclothymia, based on the presence and duration of manic or hypomanic episodes.
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Sadly, people with bipolar disorder are more likely to seek help only when they are feeling down or depressed, not when they are experiencing elated feelings which is often referred to as mania or hypomania. As a result, some are mistakenly diagnosed major depression instead. So in order to raise awareness about bipolar disorder, we have made a simple overview of what bipolar disorders are like to avoid mistaking it for other mental conditions.
Affective disorder.pptx
Affective disorders are psychiatric conditions characterized by depression and bipolar disorder. They involve mood changes ranging from sadness to mania. A psychiatrist can diagnose the condition through evaluation. While disruptive, effective treatments include medication and psychotherapy. The most common types of depression are major depressive disorder and persistent depressive disorder, while bipolar disorder involves shifts between depression, mania, and hypomania. Causes may relate to neurotransmitter imbalances, life events, genetics, and other factors. Treatment options include mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, antidepressants, and therapy.
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The Signs and Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar disorder is a serious mental illness that affects over 2% of the US population. It is characterized by dramatic mood swings and there are five distinct types: (1) Bipolar 1 Disorder involves periods of mania and depression without a set duration; (2) Bipolar 2 Disorder includes less severe hypomania and depression; (3) Cyclothymia Disorder has shorter periods of hypomania and depression; (4) Mixed Features involves concurrent depression and mania or excess energy with sleep issues; (5) Rapid-Cycling involves manic and depressive episodes lasting days or hours. The document provides an overview of the symptoms of each type of bipolar disorder.
Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar disorder is a condition that causes emotional and physical problems bad enough to impact lifestyle – sometimes seriously. The most essential thing about this disorder is that an individual encounters extreme conditions of emotions, which range from mania or hypomania – the higher end of moodiness – to depression symptoms, the lower end.
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Bipolar disorder, also referred to as manic-depressive illness, is a type of brain disorder which causes unusual shift in an individual’s mood and energy. As a result, the individual is less likely to engage and carry out day-to-day tasks due to a gradual shift to his or her activity levels.
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Affective disorder.pptx
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"Personalised online consultancy & treatments provided at our clinic by efficient panel of doctors in our center at mumbai,Bombay,Chembur, India.Contact us."
Effective treatment forbipolar disorder in Mindheal Homeopathy clinic ,Chembu...
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Module2
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Mood disorders ppt
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mood disorders
ppt on mood disorders that will give brief idea of differences betweeen unipolar and bipolar mood disorders
write an assemblyprogram that uses indirect addressing to switch the.pdf
write an assemblyprogram that uses indirect addressing to switch the 1st and 2nd elements of the
dword array. Then switch the 3rd and 4th elements, and so on. Then output the final contents of
the array dwarraay. Use this template
INCLUDE Irvine32.inc
.data dwarray
dword 0,2,5,9,10,12
.code
main proc
all waitMsg
exit
mainENDP
END main
Solution
section .text global _start ;must be declared for linker (ld) _start: ;tells linker entry
point mov edx,len ;message length mov ecx,msg ;message to write mov ebx,1
;file descriptor (stdout) mov eax,4 ;system call number (sys_write) int 0x80 ;call
kernel mov eax,1 ;system call number (sys_exit) int 0x80 ;call kernel section
.data.
Write a program whose source file is named UnitProgl.java that do.pdf
Write a program whose source file is named \"UnitProgl.java\" that does the following: Creates
a frame with a GridLayout Manager Creates two panels and adds them to the frame, stacked one
over the other. In each panel creates three buttons, side by side. The buttons should be labeled
\"Button 1\", \"Button 2\", \"Button 3\", \"Button 4\", \"Button 5\" and \"Button 6\". Displays this
GUI when run. The only buttons that actually works will be the buttons on the window title bar:
minimize, maximize and the exit button in the upper right hand corner of the programs window.
Part 2 - Event Driven Programming Write a program whose source file is named
\"UnitProg2.java\". Do the following: Start by copying the program code from part 1 and
modifying it. This program will have a GUI that looks just like the previous one. The goal is to
make the JButtons work. Add code to handle the events when the user presses any of the six
buttons on the GUI. When the user presses a button simply write out to the console \"The user
pressed Button X\", where \"X\" is the number of the button. For example, when \"Button 2\" is
pressed the message written to the console should be \"The user pressed Button 2.\".
Solution
UnitProg1.java
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class UnitProg1 {
private JFrame mainFrame;
private JPanel controlPanel;
private JPanel controlPanel1;
public UnitProg1(){
prepareGUI();
}
public static void main(String[] args){
UnitProg1 prog1 = new UnitProg1();
}
private void prepareGUI(){
mainFrame = new JFrame(\"UnitProg1\");
mainFrame.setSize(400,400);
mainFrame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
controlPanel = new JPanel();
controlPanel.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
controlPanel1=new JPanel(new FlowLayout());
JButton button1=new JButton(\"Button1\");
JButton button2=new JButton(\"Button2\");
JButton button3=new JButton(\"Button3\");
JButton button4=new JButton(\"Button4\");
JButton button5=new JButton(\"Button5\");
JButton button6=new JButton(\"Button6\");
controlPanel.add(button1, controlPanel);
controlPanel.add(button2, controlPanel);
controlPanel.add(button3, controlPanel);
controlPanel1.add(button4, controlPanel1);
controlPanel1.add(button5, controlPanel1);
controlPanel1.add(button6, controlPanel1);
mainFrame.add(controlPanel);
mainFrame.add(controlPanel1);
mainFrame.setVisible(true);
}
}
UnitProg2.java
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.ItemEvent;
import java.awt.event.ItemListener;
import javax.swing.*;
public class UnitProg2 {
private JFrame mainFrame;
private JPanel controlPanel;
private JPanel controlPanel1;
public UnitProg2(){
prepareGUI();
}
public static void main(String[] args){
UnitProg2 prog2 = new UnitProg2();
}
private void prepareGUI(){
mainFrame = new JFrame(\"UnitProg2\");
mainFrame.setSize(400,400);
mainFrame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1));
controlPanel = new JPanel();
controlPanel.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
controlPanel1=new JPanel(new F.
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This document provides information on mood disorders according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) and DSM-IV diagnostic systems. It lists and describes various mood disorders including manic episodes, hypomania, bipolar affective disorder types I and II, and their symptoms, prevalence, risk factors, course, and treatment options. Bipolar disorder is characterized by recurrent mood switches between depression and mania and has high rates of hospitalization, comorbidity, disability, and suicide. Treatment involves medication, electroconvulsive therapy, psychotherapy, and lifestyle management.
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"Bipolar Disorder- it is characterized by abnormal mood shifts. Along with the mood shits there are fluctuations in the energy, activity levels. It is a serious mental illness that can damage relationships, career prospects, and academic performance, can even lead to suicidal tendencies. A person with bipolar tendencies has severe fluctuations of mood. Bipolar disorder can be effectively controlled by mindheal homeopathy."/>
SA 202 Week 5 lecture 4 bipolar ii
Bipolar II disorder is characterized by one or more major depressive episodes and at least one hypomanic episode. Individuals typically present during a depressive episode and may be unaware of hypomania. Impairment results more from depression and unpredictable mood changes rather than hypomanic episodes alone. Episodes must last at least 2 weeks for depression and 4 days for hypomania. Bipolar II affects about 0.8% of people in the US and typically begins in the mid-20s, with anxiety or substance abuse sometimes preceding diagnosis. Many experience multiple depressive episodes before a first hypomanic one.
Module2
Bipolar disorder involves alternating periods of elevated or irritable moods and depression. There are three main types: Type I includes at least one manic episode and periods of major depression; Type II involves periods of hypomania that are less extreme than mania along with depression; and cyclothymia includes milder mood swings between hypomania and mild depression. Symptoms of mania include easily being distracted, poor judgment, reckless behavior like spending sprees and risky sex, while depression brings sadness, fatigue, and thoughts of death. Treatment aims to prevent moving between phases, reduce severity and risk of suicide, and help functioning, often using mood stabilizing drugs like lithium or therapy like electroconvulsive therapy
Bipolar Disorders
Bipolar disorder is characterized by alternating periods of depression and mania or hypomania. It includes Bipolar I defined by at least one manic or mixed episode, Bipolar II defined by hypomanic episodes and major depressive episodes, and Cyclothymic Disorder defined by chronic mood swings. Genetic and environmental factors both contribute to its development. Treatment involves mood stabilizing medications like lithium, valproate, carbamazepine, and some atypical antipsychotics with electroconvulsive therapy used in severe cases.
What is bipolar disorder?
Bipolar disorder is a brain disorder characterized by unusual shifts in mood and energy levels. There are four main types of bipolar disorder outlined in the document: Bipolar I, Bipolar II, Cyclothymic Disorder, and Other Specified and Unspecified Bipolar and Related Disorders. Bipolar I involves manic episodes lasting over a week as well as depressive episodes, while Bipolar II involves hypomanic rather than fully manic episodes along with depressive episodes. Cyclothymic Disorder involves frequent hypomanic and depressive symptoms over a period of at least two years that do not meet full criteria for manic or depressive episodes. The other category includes those that do not fully match
Symptoms and Diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar disorder is characterized by shifts between severe depression and uncontrolled mania. Symptoms include sadness, hopelessness, anxiety, fatigue, euphoria, irritability, and risky behavior. Dr. Jorge Galindo, who was trained at St. Joseph Hospital in Orange, California, treats many clients with bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder is diagnosed as Bipolar I or II. Bipolar I presents more serious manic and depressive symptoms and disruption to life, while Bipolar II involves less intense symptoms. Effective management of bipolar disorder requires comprehensive treatment plans including medication and counseling, as there is no cure.
Bipolar
Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder characterized by periods of depression and periods of mania or hypomania. During manic or hypomanic periods, people experience hyperactivity, impulsivity, and wildly optimistic or irritable moods. Depressive periods involve symptoms of major depression like difficulty concentrating and suicidal thoughts. Bipolar disorder can be difficult to diagnose and treatment often involves medication and therapy to help manage mood swings and related issues like anxiety or substance abuse. Living with bipolar disorder is challenging but possible to do successfully with proper treatment and lifestyle habits.
Bipolar
Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder characterized by periods of depression and periods of mania or hypomania. During manic or hypomanic periods, people experience hyperactivity, impulsivity, and overly optimistic or irritable moods. Depressive periods involve symptoms of major depression like difficulty concentrating and suicidal thoughts. Bipolar disorder can be difficult to diagnose and treatment often involves medication and therapy to help manage mood swings and related issues like anxiety or substance abuse. Living with bipolar disorder is challenging but possible to do successfully with proper treatment and lifestyle habits.
Bipolar
Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder characterized by periods of depression and periods of mania or hypomania. During manic or hypomanic periods, people experience hyperactivity, impulsivity, and overly optimistic or irritable moods. Depressive periods involve symptoms of major depression like difficulty concentrating and suicidal thoughts. Bipolar disorder can be difficult to diagnose and treatment often involves medication and therapy to help manage mood swings and related issues. Living with bipolar disorder is challenging but possible to do successfully with proper treatment and lifestyle management.
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This document discusses mood disorders and provides details about different types of mood disorders. It defines mood disorders as severe alterations in mood that last for long periods of time and are maladaptive. The two key moods involved are mania and depression. There are two main types of mood disorders - unipolar depressive disorders, which only involve depressive episodes, and bipolar disorder, which involves both manic and depressive episodes. Several types of depression and bipolar disorders are described, along with their diagnostic criteria.
mood disorders
ppt on mood disorders that will give brief idea of differences betweeen unipolar and bipolar mood disorders
Similar to The difference between bipolar I disorder and bipolar II disorder is.pdf (20)
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write an assemblyprogram that uses indirect addressing to switch the.pdf
write an assemblyprogram that uses indirect addressing to switch the 1st and 2nd elements of the
dword array. Then switch the 3rd and 4th elements, and so on. Then output the final contents of
the array dwarraay. Use this template
INCLUDE Irvine32.inc
.data dwarray
dword 0,2,5,9,10,12
.code
main proc
all waitMsg
exit
mainENDP
END main
Solution
section .text global _start ;must be declared for linker (ld) _start: ;tells linker entry
point mov edx,len ;message length mov ecx,msg ;message to write mov ebx,1
;file descriptor (stdout) mov eax,4 ;system call number (sys_write) int 0x80 ;call
kernel mov eax,1 ;system call number (sys_exit) int 0x80 ;call kernel section
.data.
Write a program whose source file is named UnitProgl.java that do.pdf
Write a program whose source file is named \"UnitProgl.java\" that does the following: Creates
a frame with a GridLayout Manager Creates two panels and adds them to the frame, stacked one
over the other. In each panel creates three buttons, side by side. The buttons should be labeled
\"Button 1\", \"Button 2\", \"Button 3\", \"Button 4\", \"Button 5\" and \"Button 6\". Displays this
GUI when run. The only buttons that actually works will be the buttons on the window title bar:
minimize, maximize and the exit button in the upper right hand corner of the programs window.
Part 2 - Event Driven Programming Write a program whose source file is named
\"UnitProg2.java\". Do the following: Start by copying the program code from part 1 and
modifying it. This program will have a GUI that looks just like the previous one. The goal is to
make the JButtons work. Add code to handle the events when the user presses any of the six
buttons on the GUI. When the user presses a button simply write out to the console \"The user
pressed Button X\", where \"X\" is the number of the button. For example, when \"Button 2\" is
pressed the message written to the console should be \"The user pressed Button 2.\".
Solution
UnitProg1.java
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class UnitProg1 {
private JFrame mainFrame;
private JPanel controlPanel;
private JPanel controlPanel1;
public UnitProg1(){
prepareGUI();
}
public static void main(String[] args){
UnitProg1 prog1 = new UnitProg1();
}
private void prepareGUI(){
mainFrame = new JFrame(\"UnitProg1\");
mainFrame.setSize(400,400);
mainFrame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));
controlPanel = new JPanel();
controlPanel.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
controlPanel1=new JPanel(new FlowLayout());
JButton button1=new JButton(\"Button1\");
JButton button2=new JButton(\"Button2\");
JButton button3=new JButton(\"Button3\");
JButton button4=new JButton(\"Button4\");
JButton button5=new JButton(\"Button5\");
JButton button6=new JButton(\"Button6\");
controlPanel.add(button1, controlPanel);
controlPanel.add(button2, controlPanel);
controlPanel.add(button3, controlPanel);
controlPanel1.add(button4, controlPanel1);
controlPanel1.add(button5, controlPanel1);
controlPanel1.add(button6, controlPanel1);
mainFrame.add(controlPanel);
mainFrame.add(controlPanel1);
mainFrame.setVisible(true);
}
}
UnitProg2.java
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.ItemEvent;
import java.awt.event.ItemListener;
import javax.swing.*;
public class UnitProg2 {
private JFrame mainFrame;
private JPanel controlPanel;
private JPanel controlPanel1;
public UnitProg2(){
prepareGUI();
}
public static void main(String[] args){
UnitProg2 prog2 = new UnitProg2();
}
private void prepareGUI(){
mainFrame = new JFrame(\"UnitProg2\");
mainFrame.setSize(400,400);
mainFrame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 1));
controlPanel = new JPanel();
controlPanel.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
controlPanel1=new JPanel(new F.
Why is there no blood supply that extends into the epidermis Than.pdf
Why is there no blood supply that extends into the epidermis? Thanks.
Why is there no blood supply that extends into the epidermis? Thanks.
Solution
Answer:
The epidermis has a stratified squamous epithelium, which normally undergoes ecdysis or
moulting & do not require nutritious supply so that there no blood supply that extends into the
epidermis. Epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin made of keratinized stratified squamous
epithelial tissue in which outer or apical surface cells are hardened or dead. It does not contain
blood vessels (not vascularized), and the dermal layer supplies oxygen and nutrients by means of
diffusion. The layer of the epidermis that contains transulacent cells filled keratin are often
referred as “thick stratum lucidum”. The other layers often sloughed off from the surface
composed of dead cells that are flat and filled with keratin often referred as “stratum corneum”.
Which of the following protocols was developed in the mid-1970s for .pdf
Which of the following protocols was developed in the mid-1970s for use in Systems Network
Architecture (SNA) environments?
A. SDLC
B. ISDN
C. LAP-B
D. X.25
Solution
A. The Synchronous Data Link Control (SDLC) protocol was developed in the mid-1970s for
use in Systems Network Architecture (SNA) environments. SDLC is unique in that it was the
first synchronous, link layer, bit-oriented protocol. The ISO modified SDLC to create the High-
Level Data Link Control (HDLC) protocol and release it as a standard. Answer B is incorrect
because ISDN is an end-to-end telephone service that is digital in nature. Answer C is incorrect
because Link Access Procedure–Balanced (LAP-B) is a subset of HDLC and is not used by
SNA. Answer D is incorrect because X.25 is an efficient protocol developed in the 1970s for
packet-switched networks..
Which of the following is an weak implementation of EAPA. EAP-FAS.pdf
Which of the following is an weak implementation of EAP?
A. EAP-FAST
B. LEAP
C. PEAP
D. EAP-TLS
Solution
B. LEAP is considered a weak version of EAP. It makes use if a modified version of CHAP and
as such does not adequately protect the authentication process. Answers A, C, and D would all
be examples of strong versions of EAP. These stronger options include EAP-FAST, PEAP, or
EAP-TLS.
Where are chaperones found periplasm, cytoplasm, or cell membrane (.pdf
Where are chaperones found? periplasm, cytoplasm, or cell membrane (can be any combination
of those)
Solution
Chaperones are found in all types of cells and in most of the cell organelles. They are found in
both periplasm and cytoplasm as the chaperones are involved in proper folding of protein
molecules, once they are translated. There are some chaperones which are also found in
extracellular spaces. These chaperones are involved in functional folding of those protein
molecules which are to be released extracellularly..
Talks about McDonaldization What do you think of this concept Do yo.pdf
Talks about McDonaldization What do you think of this concept? Do you see a standardization
of the world around us? What do you like and dislike about the standardization of society?
Solution
McDonaldization is the process of rationalization, albiet taken to extreme levels
Rationalization is a sociological term that simply means the substitution of logically consistent
rules for traditional (or illogical) rules
One of the fundamental aspects of McDonaldization is that almost any task can (and should) be
rationalized
example: the premise of fast food often turns out to be just the opposite - long waits in lines. Fast
food is not necessarily good food - in fact, McDonald\'s food is extremely unhealthy and the taste
is average and bland. The system of efficiently producing and distributing their food has some
other consequences, namely millions of tons of trash each year (disposability) and a food
cultivation system of questionable ethics
the four main dimensions of McDonaldization are:
Dislike of standardization----
1. Irrationality of Rationality
2.De-McDonaldization
3.cultural hybridization.
What kind of state information is maintained by an FTP serverSo.pdf
What kind of state information is maintained by an FTP server?
Solution
In a FTP session, the user should be sitting in front of one host machine and wants to transfer
files to
or from a remote host. In order for the user to access the remote account, the user must
provide user id and a password. After the authorization information is provided and correct,
the user can transfer files from the local file system to the remote file system and vice versa.
The FTP server sholud maintain state about the user. Server must
associate the control connection with a specific user , and the server must keep track
of the user\'s current directory as the user knows about the remote directory. Keeping
track of this state information of each user and every session, the total number of session
that FTP can maintain simultaneously..
When H_p is equal to r2, the stable equilibrium is K2 and referred .pdf
When H_p is equal to r/2, the stable equilibrium is K/2 and referred to as the maximum
sustainable yield. Assume r = 0.2 and K = 80. What is the maximum sustainable yield? For
which value of H_p does it occur? Identify this curve in Figure 7.10. Figure 7.10. Harvested
logistic in proportional mode.
Solution
K/ 2 = 80 / 2 = 40
r/ 2 = 0.1
Ho = 0.1.
The standard deviation of all possible values is called thea. stan.pdf
The document discusses standard deviation and defines it as the standard deviation of all possible values from a data set, which is a measure of how data points deviate from the central value or mean. It states that the standard deviation is called the central variation as it tells how data points deviate from the mean.
solve 6 , quiz 2link of book httpwww.irccyn.ec-nantes.fr~mart.pdf
solve 6 , quiz 2
link of book :http://www.irccyn.ec-
nantes.fr/~martinet/Mobrob/FundamentalsofVehicleDynamics.pdf 122% Document Elements
Tables charts Smart Art Review A Home Layout Paragraph Style Cambria (Body) 12 Aa A
AaBbc AaBbCcDdE Normal No spacing Heading 1 Heading 2 Tit Problem 6 Propose a currently
non-commercially available car mechatronics system. Describe the sensors, ac uators and control
system you ntend to use. Explain the purpose of this innovation and specify what the added value
is for the user [i.e why would anyone want to buy it?]. Print Layout View Sec 1 Pages: rds: 32 of
45 Search in Document Aa Text Box Shape Picture Themes 22% O
Solution
COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN OF MECHATRONIC SYSTEMS I Use of advanced computer
tools in the product development process is necessary to meet the market needs for fast product
development. I These tools allows for the verification of the design in all phases of the
development process. I Virtual prototypes, I The main drawback of using the computer tools is
that they are mostly limited to specific domains. The main requirement to the computer tools for
mechatronic system design I to apply to the systems from various domains. I to simultaneously
use different system representations (block diagram, physical model, bond graph)
Matuško&Koloni 2 of 43 MECHATRONICS SYSTEMS 2014/2015 CLASSICAL (NON-
MECHATRONIC) OPTIMIZATION I Classical approach to the optimization during the design
process assumes that the parameters of the process, sensors, actuators are known and constant
and only controller parameters are optimized. CONTROLLER PROCESS INTERFACE
SENSOR OPTIMIZATION + - yR(t) y(t) Matuško&Koloni 3 of 43 MECHATRONICS
SYSTEMS 2014/2015 OPTIMIZATION IN MECHATRONIC SYSTEM I Since the main
characteristic of the mechatronic design approach is simultaneous design of all system
components, the optimization process is performed, not only on the controller parameters but
also on the parameters of the other parts of the system. CONTROLLER PROCESS
INTERFACE SENSOR OPTIMIZATION + - yR(t) y(t) Matuško&Koloni 4 of 43
MECHATRONICS SYSTEMS 2014/2015 MODELS OF MECHATRONIC SYSTEMS I
Physical models, I Bond graphs I Control oriented models I Block diagrams, I Bode diagrams, I
Nyquist diagram, I Sate space models. I Time domain models I Animation I C-code
Matuško&Koloni 5 of 43 MECHATRONICS SYSTEMS 2014/2015 PHYSICAL MODELS I
Physical models describe the system behavior both on functional and structural level, I Model
parameters are real physical parameters, I Generally, physical models are not suitable for the
control system design, I Building such models requires a deep insight into a physical behavior of
the system. Matuško&Koloni 6 of 43 MECHATRONICS SYSTEMS 2014/2015 BOND
GRAPHS I Universal representation of the system behavior, independent of the system nature. I
Based on power flow analysis of the system. I Two quantities that define the system behavior
and power flow within the system (and with its environment).
Question 6 A wastewater sample was collected after screening and grit.pdf
Question 6 A wastewater sample was collected after screening and grit removal step from
Waterloo WWTP. The sample was analyzed in the lab. The sample was found to have the
following properties: Total COD 350 mg/L Soluble COD 200 mg/L BOD, 220 mg/L VSS/TSS
ratio is 0.7 Removal efficiency of the primary clarifier in the WWTP is 60% for both VSS (both
nbVSS and bVSS) and FSS. Assume that biological activity is restricted in primary clarifier, and
all soluble compounds pass through. The effluent from primary clarifier is further treated in
active sludge
Solution
To calculate rb COD we use formula sCOD = rbCOD + nbsCOD
Where sCOD is soluble COD = 200mg/L, so rb COD
200 = rbCOD + 50; rbCOD = 150 mg/L
Now for calculating sb COD we use formula bCOD = rbCOD + sbCOD
However, we don’t have bCOD [Biodegradable COD], to calculate that we use
bCOD (1.7) of (BOD)
bCOD = 1.6 x 220 = 352 mg/L
Now bCOD = rbCOD + sbCOD
352 = 150 +sbCOD; sbCOD = 352-150 = 198 mg/L.
1. Cathy has just given birth to a little girl. When the nurse tried.pdf
1. Cathy has just given birth to a little girl. When the nurse tried to feed her or bather her, the
baby become cyanotic. Physical examination indicates no structural deformities. Blood gas
levels show only 60% saturation with oxygen. What may be causing this problem? A. The infant
has malformed digestive system B. the lungs are hyperventilating C. the lungs are
hypoventilating D. the cardiovascular supply of the lungs is impaired E. the infant is born with
only one lungs
2. The most effective long-term protection against pH changes of body fluid is: A. buffer system
of plasma B. Renal control of H+/HCO3- C. Presence of dissolved proteins in the plasma D.
Presence of electrolytes in the plasma E. None of the above
3. Jean has been vomiting off & on for a few days due to viral enteritis. His doctor orders SMA7
(seven blood chemistries including electrolytes) the serum will show: A. Low chloride level B.
High chloride leve C. Ca++ will be high D. High H+ ions E. Plasma pH will be low
4. The process of invasion by malignant cells is dependent on? A. activation of TNM system B.
Release of enzymes by invading cells C. Decreasing anaplasia D. Tissue damage by
chemotherapy E. Stromal adesion
5. T- Cells classified as CD8 cells are: A. Cytotoxic T-Cells B. Killers T-cells C. Helper T- cells
D. Memory T-cells E. Regulator T-cells
6. Herpes viruses are transmitted to humans by: A. Birds B. Fleas C. Rodents D.Rodents D.
Carnivories E. None
Solution
1. The correct option is d because the baby becomes cyanotic is mainly because of the
insufficient supply of oxygen which is due to the impaired cardiovascular supply of the lungs.
2. the correct option is a because the blood plasma is responsible for the pH maintenance and
works with lungs and kidney to maintain the pH of the body fluids by maintaining the acid and
base ratio.
3. The correct option is a because the low levels of chloride level suggest that the body is losing
the ions away during vomiting along wth the food particles.
4. The correct option is b because the level of enzymes that are released by the invading cells for
the destruction of the proteins of the extracellular matrix which separates the cancer cells and the
adjoining tissue. The level of degrading enzymes is responsible for the proliferation and escape
of the cancer cell into the surrounding tissue.
5. The option is b killer t cells.
6. The correct option is e. because the Herpes viruses are transmitted through skin to skin contact
in humans. mainly when in contact with infected person..
QUESTION 1-construction financeWhich one has not correctly describ.pdf
QUESTION 1-construction finance
Which one has not correctly described the uniqueness of the construction project?
Diverse range of products
Repetitive production
Custom built
Project oriented
Solution
Option A is correct. It is not correctly describing the uniqueness of the construction project
because construciton project has the objects which are repetetive in nature..
Problem #4 (20 points) a.A bus route having seven scheduled stops h.pdf
Problem #4 (20 points) a.A bus route having seven scheduled stops has the following number of
passengers alighting and boarding the bus Sto Alighting 0 Boarding 20 0 per passenger 1.8
seconds and boarding Passengers board and alight through the front door. Alighting time p time
per passenger 3 seconds. Compute the dwell time at each stop and the total dwell time. Assume
the clearance ime 5 seconds. Briefly describe the four categories of transit system characteristics.
c. Briefly describe the various transit modes of transportation End of Problem #4 Problemi #5
(20 points) Transportation Engineering is a multidisciplinary area of study. It is a profession that
carries distinct societal responsibilities. What would a comprehensive training include? Provide
examples of each training tem a) b) c) d) Explain the difference between direct elasticity and
cross elasticity. Give one example of each What does CBD mean? Give an example of a CBD A
transportation network having the following characteristics Travel time (minutes) between nodes
Nodes From 10 10 10 0 16 12 Each node represents an activity center, and each link represents
travel time in minutes. Draw a link/node diagrams for the travel times and distances, if the
average travel speed on all links is 30 miles per hour End of Problem #5
Solution
4. (a). There are 2 ways in general to model the dwell time at a particular stop which depends on
whether the boarding and alighting processes are sequential or simultaneous. Assuming in the
question given that sequential boarding and alighting takes place since only one front door is
available for flow of passengers:
Dw = a * A + b*B + td ;
where
A and B are the number of boarding and alighting passengers respectively
a and b are time intervals for boarding and alighting per passenger.
td is the average clearance time for opening and closing the doors.
Here a= 3 sec, b=1.8sec
Therefore, at Stop 1:
Dw1 = 3*20 + 1.8*0 + 5 = 65 sec
Stop 2: Dw2 = 3*5 + 1.8*3 + 5 = 25.4 sec
Stop 3: Dw3 = 3*7 + 1.8*5 + 5 = 35 sec
Stop 4: Dw4 = 3*3 + 1.8*6 + 5 = 24.8 sec
Stop 5: Dw5 = 3*4 + 1.8*8 + 5 = 31.4 sec
Stop 6: Dw6 = 3*2 + 1.8*7 + 5 = 23.6 sec
Stop 7: Dw7 = 3*0 + 1.8*12 + 5 = 26.6 sec
Total dwell time= 231.8 seconds
(b). Transit system characteristics can be classified into four main categories:
i. System performance elements: Contains entire set of physical performance related elements
which decides the raw efficiency of the central system employed as the primary functional core
unit of the transit model. This includes Service frequency, operating speed, reliability and safety
measures and line and productive capacities.
ii. Level of Service (LOS) is an important service parameter that affects the users drastically due
to differential change in its delivery. It is a simple basic most powerful characteristic that can
attract the users or provide bad experiences to them if miniscule error occurs in provider’s
implementation. The factors that affect LOS are performance.
please read carefully before answering. Thank you. Choose at least.pdf
please read carefully before answering. Thank you.
Choose at least two concepts in financial reporting (Intermediate Accounting: Reporting and
Analysis) you have learned and explain how you may use them in your present or future
accounting position. Make sure you provide details to include how each concept will help you
support the financial goals of the company you currently work for or will work for in the future.
Solution
CONCEPT OF MATERIALITY-THE MOST IMPORTANT CONCEPT IN FINANCIAL
REPORTING IS RELATED TO MATERIALITY BECAUSE IT EMPHASISES ON
RECORDING OF TRANSACTIONS BASED ON TRANSACTIONS MATERIALITY OR
IT\'S IMPORTANCE WITH RESPECT TO THE COMPANY CONCERNED.THE CONCEPT
OF MATERIALITY STATES THAT ONLY THOSE TRANSACTION SHOULD BE
RECORDED WHICH ARE MATERIAL FINANCIALLY TO THE ORGANISATION OR
ELSE SUCH TRANSACTONS SHOULD BE IGNORED.SO IT BECOMES VERY
IMPORTANT TO DETERMINE WHAT IS MATERIAL AND WHAT IS NOT FOR THE
ORGANISATION FOR A FUTURE FINANCIAL MANAGER AND HENCE WILL
REQUIRE PERFECT PROFESSIONAL JUDGEMENT.
CONCEPT OF PRUDENCE-IT STATES THAT A TRANSACTION SHOULD BE
RECORDED BASED ON IT\'S SUBATANCE FORM RATHER THAN IT\'S LEGAL FORM
WHICH MEANS THST IF A TRANSACTION HAS BEEN OCCURED IN SUBSTANCE
AND ONLY A LEGAL DOCUMENTATION OR FORMALITIES ARE REMAINING FOR
SUCH TRANSACTION THEN SUCH TRANSACTIONS SHOULD BE RECORDED IN
BOOKS SO THAT A TRUE AND FAIR VIEW OF ORGANISATION IS GIVEN TO IT\'S
USERS.IT IS ALAO A IMPORTANT CONCEPT AS IT WILL LEAD TO RELIABILTY OF
ORGANISATION FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE AND THUS WILL CONTRIBUTE TO
IT\'S FUTURE GOAL..
As your reward for saving the Kingdom of Bigfunnia from the evil mon.pdf
As your reward for saving the Kingdom of Bigfunnia from the evil monster “Exponential
Asymptotic,” the king has given you the opportunity to earn a big reward. Behind the castle there
is a maze, and along each corridor of the maze there is a bag of gold coins. The amount of gold
in each bag varies. You will be given the opportunity to walk through the maze, picking up bags
of gold. You may enter only through the door marked “ENTER” and exit through the door
marked “EXIT.” (These are distinct doors.) While in the maze you may not retrace your steps.
Each corridor of the maze has an arrow painted on the wall. You may only go down the corridor
in the direction of the arrow. There is no way to traverse a “loop” in the maze. You will receive a
map of the maze, including the amount of gold in and the direction of each corridor. Describe
and analyze an efficient algorithm to help you pick up the most gold in this maze while
traversing a path from the start to the finish.
Solution
#include
using namespace std;
// Returns count of possible paths to reach cell at row number m and column
// number n from the topmost leftmost cell (cell at 1, 1)
int numberOfPaths(int m, int n)
{
// Create a 2D table to store results of subproblems
int count[m][n];
// Count of paths to reach any cell in first column is 1
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
count[i][0] = 1;
// Count of paths to reach any cell in first column is 1
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
count[0][j] = 1;
// Calculate count of paths for other cells in bottom-up manner using
// the recursive solution
for (int i = 1; i < m; i++)
{
for (int j = 1; j < n; j++)
// By uncommenting the last part the code calculatest he total
// possible paths if the diagonal Movements are allowed
count[i][j] = count[i-1][j] + count[i][j-1]; //+ count[i-1][j-1];
}
return count[m-1][n-1];
}
#include
using namespace std;
// Returns count of possible paths to reach cell at row number m and column
// number n from the topmost leftmost cell (cell at 1, 1)
int numberOfPaths(int m, int n)
{
// Create a 2D table to store results of subproblems
int count[m][n];
// Count of paths to reach any cell in first column is 1
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
count[i][0] = 1;
// Count of paths to reach any cell in first column is 1
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
count[0][j] = 1;
// Calculate count of paths for other cells in bottom-up manner using
// the recursive solution
for (int i = 1; i < m; i++)
{
for (int j = 1; j < n; j++)
// By uncommenting the last part the code calculatest he total
// possible paths if the diagonal Movements are allowed
count[i][j] = count[i-1][j] + count[i][j-1]; //+ count[i-1][j-1];
}
return count[m-1][n-1];
}.
Name 3 openings that are transmitted through the levator ani musc.pdf
Name 3 openings that are transmitted through the levator ani muscle?
Name 3 openings that are transmitted through the levator ani muscle?
Solution
Levator ani muscle extends through and makes internal floor portion of the pelvis (hip portion).
The muscle is arranged such that visceral organs. Levator ani allows horizontal openings on the
lower side for passage of the following.
1. Anal opening
2. Urinal opening
3. Genital opening.
Answer the following questions about molecule movement across a membr.pdf
Answer the following questions about molecule movement across a membrane. a. How is
osmosis similar to simple diffusion of CO_2 across a membrane? How is it different? If an
aquaporin is involved, how does this change your answer? b. Compare and contrast carrier
proteins and channel proteins. Include information about both structure and mechanism of
transport. c. Compare and contrast indirect and direct active transport. Give a specific example
for each type of transport.
Solution
5a: Osmosis is the movement of water molecules down the concentration gradiant through a
semipermeable membrane. Both osmosis and simple diffusion of CO2 across a membrane occur
down the concentration gradiant and are passive transport. However, osmosis transports
hydrophilic water molecules while simple diffusion transports hydrophobic non polar CO2
molecules. If an aquaporin is involved, the proces would be called as facililated diffusion which
refers to transport of polar, charged, hydrophilic molecules down the concentration gradiant with
the help of membrane transport proteins.
5b: Carrier proteins are the transporter proteins that are actually the integral membrane proteins
serving in transport of ions across the membrane. These proteins have ion binding sites and
exhibit changes in shape to transport the ions. Channel proteins are the integral membrane
proteins that form the hydrophilic channels for transport of polar, charged and hydrophilic
substances across the membrane. They do not undergo the shape change.
5c: Direct active transport couples the exergonic chemical reaction for increasing the solute/ion
concentration on one side of the membrane. The indirect active transport includes coupling of
favorable downhill movement of one solute to the unfavorable uphill movement of other
substance. For ex: sodium potassium pump couples ATP hydrolysis with uphill movement of
sodium (direct active transport). Downhill movement of sodium coupled with uphill movement
of glucose (indirect active transport)..
In how many ways, three indistinguishable Owls, one Parrot and one Sp.pdf
In how many ways, three indistinguishable Owls, one Parrot and one Sparrow can sit together in
a line on a string? (b) How many permutations of the letters are possible from the letters in the
word: OOOPS!? (a) How many different letter arrangements can be made from the word
\"DINOSAUR\"? (b) How many different letter arrangements can be made from the word
\"DRAGON\"?
Solution
S.7 (a) Let us denote Owl as O, Parrot as P and Sparrow as S.
The different ways they can sit together in a line on a string are given below:
Case I: All three owls sit next to each other
O O O P S
O O O S P
P S O O O
S P O O O
P O O O S
S O O O P
Case II: Only two owls sit next to each other
O O P S O
O O S P O
O O P O S
O O S O P
O P S O O
O S P O O
P O S O O
S O P O O
O P O O S
O S O O P
P O O S O
S O O P O
Case III: None of the owls sit next to each other
O S O P O
O P O S O
Therefore, there are (6 + 12 + 2) = 20 different ways they can sit together in a line on a string.
(Answer)
(b) The given word is OOOPS
The objective is to determine the number of permutations of the letters possible from the letters
of the word OOOPS. The problem is similar to the earlier problem (a) as we have denoted Owl
as O, Parrot as P and Sparrow as S.
Therefore the answer is 20..
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