The document discusses the Catholic Church and military in Spain. It outlines the Church's historical power and influence in Spain, loss of power in the early 20th century, and regain of power under Franco. It also describes the military's emphasis on hierarchy, authority, and patriotism as well as its political role. Contemporary issues discussed include abortion, education, and professionalization of the military.

1. Jaime Miguel Nieman Gonzàlez The Catholic Church and the Military

2. The Catholic Church The power base of Spain Beyond a personal faith… Democratic nature Bishops and Parish priests Traditional fucntions of Church as: -Landlord -Charitable institution -Employer of Labor

3. Anti-clericalism & Violence– Late XIXth and early XXth Century Second Republic 1931-36 -Seperation of Church and State -Ecclesiastical reforms -Loss of power and privelage Franco Reinstills Church´s predominance: -Freedom of Worship abolished -Divorce and Civil Marriage are illegal -Control over education -Exemption from taxation

4. Contemporary Issues for the Catholic Church Abortion Divorce Education Gay Marriage Cadena Cope: Church´s private radio station Europa Press: Opus Dei

5. The Military III important elements: I. Macrocephaly – Overabundance of officers and generals -Top heaviness based on Señority rather than ability II. Patriotism -defense of Spain -Involvement in politics - Failure of military victories since early 1800´s

6. III. Rejection of Civil Criticism -popular hostility to conscription - use of army to crush social agitation Military culture: -Hierarchical -Authority & discipline -Patriotism and Fatherland -Victors of the Civil war

7. Civil Guard-Guardia Civil-1844 -militarization of police Military´s political Role 1950´s Territorial Deployment: Troops concentrated near major cities Crack armoured mobile units FII: Fuerzas de Intervencion Inmediata (Madrid, Sevilla, Valencia)

8. Contemporary Issues for Military Conscientious Objectors Professionalization of Military Role in International Conflicts Carmen Chacon: Minister of Defense 2008