The Buddha was born Siddhartha Gautama in Nepal in 563 BCE. After seeing old age, sickness, and death outside the palace walls for the first time, he sought to understand suffering by studying under yoga masters and practicing extreme asceticism. He achieved enlightenment under a bodhi tree, realizing the Four Noble Truths and establishing the Middle Way. His teachings of non-self, dependent origination, and the Eightfold Path were passed down orally and through texts. Buddhism spread globally due to its scientific, experience-based philosophy and emphasis on mindfulness meditation. Buddhist Economics focuses on minimizing suffering through non-attachment, non-violence, and simple living with optimal consumption.
The document summarizes the origins and key teachings of Buddhism. It describes how Siddhartha Gautama, a prince, was sheltered from suffering until leaving his palace at age 29 and encountering an old man, sick man, corpse, and holy man, which led him to seek enlightenment. After meditating for 49 days, he gained enlightenment and became the Buddha, teaching the Four Noble Truths of suffering and its causes, and the Eightfold Path to eliminate desire and suffering through right understanding, thought, speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, and concentration.
Hinduism is the main religion of India that believes in reincarnation and worships many gods. It conceptualizes the cosmic functions of creation, maintenance, and destruction as the deities Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva. Hinduism views education as a means to gain right knowledge, control desires, and perform duties with detachment and devotion to God. It traditionally emphasized learning from a guru in an austere residential school system called gurukula that reinforced scriptural memorization, discipline, and service over certificates or credentials.
This presentation is about Buddhism. It covers Meaning of Buddhism, History of Buddhism, Four Noble Truths of Buddhism, The Eightfold Path, Symbols in Buddhism, Buddhism's World View, Type/Branches of Buddhism, Likes in Buddhism, Dislikes in Buddhism and Famous Buddhist Temples. To make such presentations for a reasonably cheaper price, please visit https://sbsolnlimited.wixsite.com/busnedu/bookings-checkout/hire-designer-for-powerpoint-slides
Buddhism originated in India over 2,500 years ago and was founded by Siddhartha Gautama. The religion's core beliefs are the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path, which provide guidance for followers to end suffering by eliminating desire and reaching a state of nirvana. Buddhism spread from India and now has over 376 million followers worldwide, with most Buddhists living in countries like Thailand, China, Japan, and Sri Lanka. Key concepts include reincarnation, karma, and rejection of the caste system and gods.
Buddhism was founded by Siddhartha Gautama in the 6th century BC in India. He taught that life involves suffering, but one can achieve nirvana and escape the cycle of rebirth by following the Eightfold Path. Buddhism later split into two main branches, Theravada and Mahayana, which developed different teachings and practices over time as Buddhism spread across Asia.
Buddhism originated in India in the 5th century BCE when Siddhartha Gautama achieved enlightenment and insight into suffering under the Bodhi tree. He taught that devotion, meditation, and moral practices like non-violence could help end suffering and reach nirvana. Central to Buddhism are the Four Noble Truths about dukkha and the Eightfold Path to its cessation. Buddhism spread from India and has over 350 million followers worldwide today in various traditions.
The document summarizes the origins and key teachings of Buddhism. It describes how Siddhartha Gautama, a prince, was sheltered from suffering until leaving his palace at age 29 and encountering an old man, sick man, corpse, and holy man, which led him to seek enlightenment. After meditating for 49 days, he gained enlightenment and became the Buddha, teaching the Four Noble Truths of suffering and its causes, and the Eightfold Path to eliminate desire and suffering through right understanding, thought, speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, and concentration.
Hinduism is the main religion of India that believes in reincarnation and worships many gods. It conceptualizes the cosmic functions of creation, maintenance, and destruction as the deities Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva. Hinduism views education as a means to gain right knowledge, control desires, and perform duties with detachment and devotion to God. It traditionally emphasized learning from a guru in an austere residential school system called gurukula that reinforced scriptural memorization, discipline, and service over certificates or credentials.
This presentation is about Buddhism. It covers Meaning of Buddhism, History of Buddhism, Four Noble Truths of Buddhism, The Eightfold Path, Symbols in Buddhism, Buddhism's World View, Type/Branches of Buddhism, Likes in Buddhism, Dislikes in Buddhism and Famous Buddhist Temples. To make such presentations for a reasonably cheaper price, please visit https://sbsolnlimited.wixsite.com/busnedu/bookings-checkout/hire-designer-for-powerpoint-slides
Buddhism originated in India over 2,500 years ago and was founded by Siddhartha Gautama. The religion's core beliefs are the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path, which provide guidance for followers to end suffering by eliminating desire and reaching a state of nirvana. Buddhism spread from India and now has over 376 million followers worldwide, with most Buddhists living in countries like Thailand, China, Japan, and Sri Lanka. Key concepts include reincarnation, karma, and rejection of the caste system and gods.
Buddhism was founded by Siddhartha Gautama in the 6th century BC in India. He taught that life involves suffering, but one can achieve nirvana and escape the cycle of rebirth by following the Eightfold Path. Buddhism later split into two main branches, Theravada and Mahayana, which developed different teachings and practices over time as Buddhism spread across Asia.
Buddhism originated in India in the 5th century BCE when Siddhartha Gautama achieved enlightenment and insight into suffering under the Bodhi tree. He taught that devotion, meditation, and moral practices like non-violence could help end suffering and reach nirvana. Central to Buddhism are the Four Noble Truths about dukkha and the Eightfold Path to its cessation. Buddhism spread from India and has over 350 million followers worldwide today in various traditions.
Buddhism originated from the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, known as the Buddha, in ancient India. The core beliefs of Buddhism are the Four Noble Truths about suffering and its cessation, and the Eightfold Path to end suffering. Buddhists seek enlightenment and liberation from suffering by following the Eightfold Path of right understanding, thought, speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, and concentration. The ultimate goal is to achieve Nirvana, escaping the cycle of rebirth and suffering.
Buddhism originated in India in the 6th century BCE with the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, known as the Buddha. The Buddha taught the Four Noble Truths and the Noble Eightfold Path to overcome suffering. Buddhism spread from India and now has over 300 million followers worldwide. It is considered both a religion and a philosophy that focuses on spiritual enlightenment and living an ethical life. Key Buddhist concepts like karma, dharma, and meditation are shared with Hinduism. Buddhism has also influenced globalization and relations between countries like India, Vietnam, and Japan through cultural exchange and the spread of its teachings.
Buddhism originated 2500 years ago when Siddhartha Gautama founded the religion. Key Buddhist beliefs include not believing in God, following the teachings of Buddha to find peace, and meditating. Buddhists believe in concepts like anatta, anicca, duhka, and karma. The Four Noble Truths explain duhka and the Eightfold Path as the way to end suffering. Important locations in Buddhism's history include Bodh Gaya, where Buddha achieved enlightenment, Lumbini where he was born, and Kushinagara where he died at age 80.
Buddhism originated in India with the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, who became known as the Buddha. The Buddha taught that life involves suffering but there is a path to end suffering through enlightenment and following the Four Noble Truths and Eightfold Path. Buddhism spread from India and split into the Theravada and Mahayana traditions. Key Buddhist concepts include the three jewels of Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha; the four noble truths about the nature of suffering; and the eightfold path to end suffering. The Dalai Lama is an important Buddhist leader who promotes compassion.
Sikhism was established by 10 spiritual leaders called Gurus over 200 years, beginning with Guru Nanak in 1469 and ending with Guru Gobind Singh in 1708. When Guru Gobind Singh died, he designated the Sri Guru Granth Sahib as the ultimate spiritual authority for Sikhs. Sikhism teaches the existence of one God, rejects ritualism and idol worship, and believes all people are equal regardless of gender, caste or religion.
Jainism originated in India and was founded by Jinas, or conquerors, who rediscovered the teachings of non-violence and asceticism. Followers believe in non-violence towards all living beings, and that the soul can achieve liberation from rebirth through ascetic practices and ethical living according to the teachings of the Tirthankaras. There are two major sects, Digambara and Shvetambara, who differ in practices such as ascetic nudity and idol worship. The goal of Jainism is the liberation of the soul from karmic bonds through ethical conduct, asceticism, and spiritual development.
The document provides information about Buddhism, including its origins and spread, key teachings, and different branches. It discusses:
- The life of the Buddha and the origins of Buddhism in India.
- How Buddhism spread throughout Asia between the 4th century BCE and 15th century CE, establishing the Theravada and Mahayana branches.
- Core Buddhist concepts like the Four Noble Truths, Eightfold Path, karma, samsara, and nirvana.
- The three main branches of Buddhism—Theravada, Mahayana, and Vajrayana—and how they differ in focuses, views of the Buddha, and geographical areas of practice.
Hinduism was established in India in 1500 BCE, featuring texts like the Vedas and a caste system. The Upanishads taught concepts like samsara, karma, and moksha. Siddhartha Gautama was born in 480 BCE and discovered suffering through encountering old age, disease, and death. He attained enlightenment and became the Buddha, spreading his teachings of the Four Noble Truths and Noble Eightfold Path through India and Asia. Buddhism is considered both a philosophy and religion by some definitions and focuses on meditation, wisdom, and compassion rather than faith or gods.
This Presentation will take you on journey , where you will learn how Prince Gautama became Sage Gautama Buddha and what are the teachings of Buddhism.
This document discusses Buddhist ethics and different theories of ethics. It provides an overview of key concepts in Buddhist ethics such as brahmacariya (noble conduct) and dhamma-vinaya (teaching and discipline). It also examines different theories of ethics like naturalism, non-naturalism, and emotivism. Specifically, it explores how these theories approach the concepts of "good" and "bad" and whether ethical values can be defined by nature, intuition, or emotion.
This document provides an overview of several key aspects of Buddhism:
- Buddhism's founder is Buddha Shakyamuni (Siddhartha Gautama) and its core beliefs are based on impermanence, suffering, and non-self.
- The main types are Theravada and Mahayana Buddhism, which spread to countries like Japan, China, and Southeast Asia.
- Key practices include meditation, following the Four Noble Truths and Eightfold Path, and striving for enlightenment and nirvana through spiritual realization.
- Buddhists generally embrace vegetarianism and avoid taking life due to beliefs about karma and rebirth.
Confucianism is a major system of thought that originated in ancient China from the teachings of Confucius and his disciples. It emphasizes ethics, correctness of social relationships, justice, traditional culture, and sincerity. Confucianism's key principles include ren (benevolence, compassion), yi (righteousness, justice), li (proper ritual behaviors and social roles), zhi (wisdom), and xin (integrity, trustworthiness). It also stresses the importance of education and self-cultivation for developing virtue and proper relationships with others. Confucianism was highly influential in establishing the traditional social and political systems in China over many centuries.
Buddha was known as a great healer who treated physical and mental illnesses. He taught his disciples Buddhist principles of medicine, including examining patients, understanding the origins of disease, treating illness, and preventing future disease. Buddha's teachings emphasized compassion and respect for all living beings. His personal physician, Jivaka, established the Jivaka Ambavana healing gardens where Buddha frequently taught and patients received treatment. Buddha's example inspired the spread of both Buddhism and Indian medicine throughout Asia.
The Vedic period in India lasted from 1500 BCE to 500 BCE. During this time, the Aryans migrated to India from Central Asia and established Vedic civilization. They developed the Vedic culture and scriptures known as the Vedas - the Rig Veda, Sama Veda, Yajur Veda, and Atharva Veda. Vedic society was divided into four classes known as varnas. The Aryans were primarily pastoral people but also practiced agriculture. Their social and economic lives were centered around cattle rearing and seasonal crop farming.
This slideshare provides you a detailed information about Buddhism.
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Jainism and Buddhism both originated in India as offshoots of Hinduism. Jainism was founded by Mahavira in the 6th century BCE and stresses nonviolence and ascetic practices. Buddhism was founded by Siddhartha Gautama, known as the Buddha, in the 5th century BCE as a rejection of the caste system and overly materialistic lifestyle. The Buddha taught the Four Noble Truths about life's suffering and the Eightfold Path to end suffering by curbing desire. After his death, Buddhism fragmented into different schools with varying rituals.
Jainism was founded by Mahavira in the 6th century BCE. According to Jain tradition, Mahavira was the last in a line of spiritual teachers called Tirthankaras. Mahavira practiced extreme asceticism and taught non-violence and non-attachment. He achieved liberation after 12 years. Jainism believes in reincarnation and karma and that individuals must renounce worldly attachments to achieve liberation from the cycle of rebirth. The religion is divided into the Svetambara and Digambara sects and emphasizes non-violence, fasting, and pilgrimage. Today there are approximately 4 million Jains worldwide.
Jainism is an ancient Indian religion that believes the universe undergoes endless cycles of time. It teaches that living beings have souls (jivas) that accumulate karma based on their interactions, trapping them in rebirth. The 24 Jinas or prophets have provided the path to enlightenment to escape this cycle. Key beliefs include non-violence, truthfulness, non-stealing, chastity, and non-possession. Jainism is practiced mainly in India by about 10 million followers and has two main sects, Digambara and Svetambara, which differ on ascetic practices and gender roles.
Lao Tzu was the founding figure of Taoism in 6th century BC China. He authored the Tao Te Ching, which introduced main Taoist concepts like living in harmony with the Tao or "way," following one's natural instincts, and accepting the balance of yin and yang. Taoism started as a philosophy but became a religious faith focused on goodness, serenity, and respect. It has profoundly influenced Chinese culture by emphasizing connection to nature, holistic health practices, martial arts, and appreciation for the arts.
The document discusses the major schools and traditions of Buddhism, including Theravada Buddhism, which is the oldest surviving school and emphasizes personal effort to attain enlightenment; Mahayana Buddhism, which focuses on the bodhisattva ideal and became prominent along the Silk Road; and Vajrayana Buddhism, which developed esoteric rituals and became dominant in Tibet. It also provides timelines and details on the origins, teachings, and spread of the different Buddhist traditions across Asia and beyond.
This document provides information about Buddhism and the Buddha. It discusses the life of Siddhartha Gautama, the founder of Buddhism, and key Buddhist beliefs such as the four noble truths, karma, rebirth, and nirvana. It also describes different types of Buddhism like Theravada, Mahayana, Tibetan, and Zen Buddhism. The document contains pictures showing depictions of the Buddha from different cultures and eras as well as Buddhist symbols, texts, and practices. It concludes with discussing the spread of Buddhism and modern Buddhism in America.
Buddhism originated from the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, known as the Buddha, in ancient India. The core beliefs of Buddhism are the Four Noble Truths about suffering and its cessation, and the Eightfold Path to end suffering. Buddhists seek enlightenment and liberation from suffering by following the Eightfold Path of right understanding, thought, speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, and concentration. The ultimate goal is to achieve Nirvana, escaping the cycle of rebirth and suffering.
Buddhism originated in India in the 6th century BCE with the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, known as the Buddha. The Buddha taught the Four Noble Truths and the Noble Eightfold Path to overcome suffering. Buddhism spread from India and now has over 300 million followers worldwide. It is considered both a religion and a philosophy that focuses on spiritual enlightenment and living an ethical life. Key Buddhist concepts like karma, dharma, and meditation are shared with Hinduism. Buddhism has also influenced globalization and relations between countries like India, Vietnam, and Japan through cultural exchange and the spread of its teachings.
Buddhism originated 2500 years ago when Siddhartha Gautama founded the religion. Key Buddhist beliefs include not believing in God, following the teachings of Buddha to find peace, and meditating. Buddhists believe in concepts like anatta, anicca, duhka, and karma. The Four Noble Truths explain duhka and the Eightfold Path as the way to end suffering. Important locations in Buddhism's history include Bodh Gaya, where Buddha achieved enlightenment, Lumbini where he was born, and Kushinagara where he died at age 80.
Buddhism originated in India with the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, who became known as the Buddha. The Buddha taught that life involves suffering but there is a path to end suffering through enlightenment and following the Four Noble Truths and Eightfold Path. Buddhism spread from India and split into the Theravada and Mahayana traditions. Key Buddhist concepts include the three jewels of Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha; the four noble truths about the nature of suffering; and the eightfold path to end suffering. The Dalai Lama is an important Buddhist leader who promotes compassion.
Sikhism was established by 10 spiritual leaders called Gurus over 200 years, beginning with Guru Nanak in 1469 and ending with Guru Gobind Singh in 1708. When Guru Gobind Singh died, he designated the Sri Guru Granth Sahib as the ultimate spiritual authority for Sikhs. Sikhism teaches the existence of one God, rejects ritualism and idol worship, and believes all people are equal regardless of gender, caste or religion.
Jainism originated in India and was founded by Jinas, or conquerors, who rediscovered the teachings of non-violence and asceticism. Followers believe in non-violence towards all living beings, and that the soul can achieve liberation from rebirth through ascetic practices and ethical living according to the teachings of the Tirthankaras. There are two major sects, Digambara and Shvetambara, who differ in practices such as ascetic nudity and idol worship. The goal of Jainism is the liberation of the soul from karmic bonds through ethical conduct, asceticism, and spiritual development.
The document provides information about Buddhism, including its origins and spread, key teachings, and different branches. It discusses:
- The life of the Buddha and the origins of Buddhism in India.
- How Buddhism spread throughout Asia between the 4th century BCE and 15th century CE, establishing the Theravada and Mahayana branches.
- Core Buddhist concepts like the Four Noble Truths, Eightfold Path, karma, samsara, and nirvana.
- The three main branches of Buddhism—Theravada, Mahayana, and Vajrayana—and how they differ in focuses, views of the Buddha, and geographical areas of practice.
Hinduism was established in India in 1500 BCE, featuring texts like the Vedas and a caste system. The Upanishads taught concepts like samsara, karma, and moksha. Siddhartha Gautama was born in 480 BCE and discovered suffering through encountering old age, disease, and death. He attained enlightenment and became the Buddha, spreading his teachings of the Four Noble Truths and Noble Eightfold Path through India and Asia. Buddhism is considered both a philosophy and religion by some definitions and focuses on meditation, wisdom, and compassion rather than faith or gods.
This Presentation will take you on journey , where you will learn how Prince Gautama became Sage Gautama Buddha and what are the teachings of Buddhism.
This document discusses Buddhist ethics and different theories of ethics. It provides an overview of key concepts in Buddhist ethics such as brahmacariya (noble conduct) and dhamma-vinaya (teaching and discipline). It also examines different theories of ethics like naturalism, non-naturalism, and emotivism. Specifically, it explores how these theories approach the concepts of "good" and "bad" and whether ethical values can be defined by nature, intuition, or emotion.
This document provides an overview of several key aspects of Buddhism:
- Buddhism's founder is Buddha Shakyamuni (Siddhartha Gautama) and its core beliefs are based on impermanence, suffering, and non-self.
- The main types are Theravada and Mahayana Buddhism, which spread to countries like Japan, China, and Southeast Asia.
- Key practices include meditation, following the Four Noble Truths and Eightfold Path, and striving for enlightenment and nirvana through spiritual realization.
- Buddhists generally embrace vegetarianism and avoid taking life due to beliefs about karma and rebirth.
Confucianism is a major system of thought that originated in ancient China from the teachings of Confucius and his disciples. It emphasizes ethics, correctness of social relationships, justice, traditional culture, and sincerity. Confucianism's key principles include ren (benevolence, compassion), yi (righteousness, justice), li (proper ritual behaviors and social roles), zhi (wisdom), and xin (integrity, trustworthiness). It also stresses the importance of education and self-cultivation for developing virtue and proper relationships with others. Confucianism was highly influential in establishing the traditional social and political systems in China over many centuries.
Buddha was known as a great healer who treated physical and mental illnesses. He taught his disciples Buddhist principles of medicine, including examining patients, understanding the origins of disease, treating illness, and preventing future disease. Buddha's teachings emphasized compassion and respect for all living beings. His personal physician, Jivaka, established the Jivaka Ambavana healing gardens where Buddha frequently taught and patients received treatment. Buddha's example inspired the spread of both Buddhism and Indian medicine throughout Asia.
The Vedic period in India lasted from 1500 BCE to 500 BCE. During this time, the Aryans migrated to India from Central Asia and established Vedic civilization. They developed the Vedic culture and scriptures known as the Vedas - the Rig Veda, Sama Veda, Yajur Veda, and Atharva Veda. Vedic society was divided into four classes known as varnas. The Aryans were primarily pastoral people but also practiced agriculture. Their social and economic lives were centered around cattle rearing and seasonal crop farming.
This slideshare provides you a detailed information about Buddhism.
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Jainism and Buddhism both originated in India as offshoots of Hinduism. Jainism was founded by Mahavira in the 6th century BCE and stresses nonviolence and ascetic practices. Buddhism was founded by Siddhartha Gautama, known as the Buddha, in the 5th century BCE as a rejection of the caste system and overly materialistic lifestyle. The Buddha taught the Four Noble Truths about life's suffering and the Eightfold Path to end suffering by curbing desire. After his death, Buddhism fragmented into different schools with varying rituals.
Jainism was founded by Mahavira in the 6th century BCE. According to Jain tradition, Mahavira was the last in a line of spiritual teachers called Tirthankaras. Mahavira practiced extreme asceticism and taught non-violence and non-attachment. He achieved liberation after 12 years. Jainism believes in reincarnation and karma and that individuals must renounce worldly attachments to achieve liberation from the cycle of rebirth. The religion is divided into the Svetambara and Digambara sects and emphasizes non-violence, fasting, and pilgrimage. Today there are approximately 4 million Jains worldwide.
Jainism is an ancient Indian religion that believes the universe undergoes endless cycles of time. It teaches that living beings have souls (jivas) that accumulate karma based on their interactions, trapping them in rebirth. The 24 Jinas or prophets have provided the path to enlightenment to escape this cycle. Key beliefs include non-violence, truthfulness, non-stealing, chastity, and non-possession. Jainism is practiced mainly in India by about 10 million followers and has two main sects, Digambara and Svetambara, which differ on ascetic practices and gender roles.
Lao Tzu was the founding figure of Taoism in 6th century BC China. He authored the Tao Te Ching, which introduced main Taoist concepts like living in harmony with the Tao or "way," following one's natural instincts, and accepting the balance of yin and yang. Taoism started as a philosophy but became a religious faith focused on goodness, serenity, and respect. It has profoundly influenced Chinese culture by emphasizing connection to nature, holistic health practices, martial arts, and appreciation for the arts.
The document discusses the major schools and traditions of Buddhism, including Theravada Buddhism, which is the oldest surviving school and emphasizes personal effort to attain enlightenment; Mahayana Buddhism, which focuses on the bodhisattva ideal and became prominent along the Silk Road; and Vajrayana Buddhism, which developed esoteric rituals and became dominant in Tibet. It also provides timelines and details on the origins, teachings, and spread of the different Buddhist traditions across Asia and beyond.
This document provides information about Buddhism and the Buddha. It discusses the life of Siddhartha Gautama, the founder of Buddhism, and key Buddhist beliefs such as the four noble truths, karma, rebirth, and nirvana. It also describes different types of Buddhism like Theravada, Mahayana, Tibetan, and Zen Buddhism. The document contains pictures showing depictions of the Buddha from different cultures and eras as well as Buddhist symbols, texts, and practices. It concludes with discussing the spread of Buddhism and modern Buddhism in America.
The document provides information on the evolution of Buddhist architecture and key sites in India. It discusses the development of important architectural forms like the stupa, vihara, and chaitya hall during the time of Ashoka in the 3rd century BCE. Major rock cut architecture from the period includes the Barabar caves, Ajanta and Ellora, and the vihara at Nasik. The symbolism of the stupa and its architectural elements are also summarized.
Buddhism is a 2500 year old philosophy founded in India by Siddhartha Gautama that has spread throughout Asia. Its core teachings are the Four Noble Truths about the nature of suffering and its cessation through the Eightfold Path. Buddhism does not believe in a creator god but instead focuses on achieving enlightenment and nirvana through wisdom and compassion. It has developed several schools with differing practices but shared beliefs in concepts like rebirth, impermanence, and non-self. Buddhism continues to spread globally in various modern forms.
- Buddhism originated from the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, known as the Buddha, who lived around 500 BCE in ancient India.
- Dissatisfied with a life of luxury, he sought enlightenment and found the cause of suffering to be desire and attachments. He taught the "Middle Way" of moderation.
- The core teachings of Buddhism are the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path, which can lead to nirvana or liberation from suffering. Buddhism spread across Asia in various traditions.
Buddhism began in India 2500 years ago and is now followed by over 300 million people worldwide. It is based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, who became the Buddha or "Awakened One" after achieving enlightenment. The Buddha taught the Four Noble Truths about suffering and its causes, and the Eightfold Path to end suffering through wisdom and moral discipline. Buddhism spread across Asia and different schools developed, including Theravada, Mahayana, Tibetan, and Zen Buddhism, which all share core beliefs but have diverse practices and traditions.
Buddhism began in India 2500 years ago and is now followed by over 300 million people worldwide. It is based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, who achieved enlightenment and became known as the Buddha. The Buddha taught that life involves suffering, but one can achieve nirvana and escape the cycle of rebirth by following the Eightfold Path of right understanding, thought, speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, and concentration. Buddhism spread across Asia and has various schools such as Theravada, Mahayana, Vajrayana, and Zen. It is a non-theistic tradition focused on wisdom, meditation, and escaping suffering.
Buddhism began in India 2500 years ago and is now followed by over 300 million people worldwide. It is based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, who became the Buddha or "Awakened One" after achieving enlightenment. The Buddha taught the Four Noble Truths about suffering and its causes, and the Eightfold Path to eliminate suffering through wisdom, ethics, and meditation. Buddhism spread across Asia and diversified into traditions like Theravada, Mahayana, Vajrayana, and Zen. It is non-theistic and emphasizes concepts like impermanence, no-self, and achieving nirvana through eliminating desire.
Buddhism is a 2500 year old philosophy and religion that began in India and has spread throughout Asia. It is based on the teachings of Buddha, including the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path. Buddhism rejects the Hindu caste system and concept of atman or soul. The main schools of Buddhism are Theravada, Mahayana, Vajrayana, and Zen.
Buddhism is a 2500 year old philosophy and religion that began in India and has spread throughout Asia. It is based on the teachings of Buddha, including the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path. Buddhism rejects the Hindu caste system and concept of atman or soul. The main schools of Buddhism are Theravada, Mahayana, Vajrayana, and Zen.
Buddhism is a 2500 year old philosophy and religion that began in India and has spread throughout Asia. It is based on the teachings of Buddha, including the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path. Buddhism rejects the Hindu caste system and concept of atman or soul. The three main branches are Theravada, Mahayana, and Vajrayana Tibetan Buddhism.
Buddhism is a 2500 year old philosophy and religion that began in India and has spread throughout Asia. It is based on the teachings of Buddha, including the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path. Buddhism rejects the Hindu caste system and concept of atman or soul. The three main branches are Theravada, Mahayana, and Vajrayana Tibetan Buddhism.
This document provides an overview of Buddhism in South Asia, including its origins and key figures, teachings, and branches. It describes how Siddhartha Gautama founded Buddhism based on his realization of the Four Noble Truths and Eightfold Path after rejecting a life of luxury and extreme asceticism. The document outlines the main branches of Buddhism - Theravada, Mahayana, Tibetan, and Zen - and some of their distinguishing characteristics and geographic distributions.
The document provides an overview of Buddhism, including its key teachings and different traditions. It describes Buddhism originating from Siddhartha Gautama, who sought enlightenment and discovered the Four Noble Truths and Eightfold Path. The Four Noble Truths are that suffering exists, its cause is desire, its end is nirvana, and the path is the Eightfold Path. There are several traditions of Buddhism discussed, including Theravada Buddhism, Mahayana Buddhism, and Tibetan Buddhism.
Theravada Buddhism is the oldest existing branch of Buddhism that draws its teachings from the Pali Canon scriptures. It emphasizes attaining enlightenment through one's own efforts such as meditation. Theravada's key teachings include the Four Noble Truths about suffering and its cessation via the Noble Eightfold Path of right view, intention, speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, and concentration. Theravada Buddhism is prominent in Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand and lacks worship of persons, focusing on impermanence.
The document provides an overview of Buddhism in South Asia, including its origins and key figures, teachings, and branches. It describes how Siddhartha Gautama rejected a life of luxury to seek enlightenment and founded Buddhism based on the Four Noble Truths and Eightfold Path. It then summarizes the main branches of Buddhism - Theravada, Mahayana, Tibetan, and Zen - and their distinguishing beliefs and practices.
Buddhism was founded in the 5th century BC in northern India by Siddhartha Gautama. It is considered more of a philosophy than a religion. The core doctrines of Buddhism are the Four Noble Truths: that life involves suffering, suffering is caused by craving and desire, suffering can be overcome by eliminating craving, and the Eightfold Path provides a way to eliminate craving. Buddhism teaches that all things are impermanent and change, actions have consequences, and people can change through practical methods like meditation. There are about 350 million Buddhists worldwide who follow different traditions but are united in non-violence, freedom from dogma, tolerance, and often meditation.
Hinduism is one of the oldest religions in the world originating in India over 4,000 years ago. It is a diverse religion with many gods and goddesses and beliefs in concepts such as dharma, karma, samsara, and moksha. Hindus believe in a supreme being known as Brahman and reincarnation. The religion is closely tied to the caste system and traditionally includes practices such as vegetarianism. Buddhism originated in India as a reform of Hinduism based on the teachings of Gautama Buddha. Key Buddhist concepts include the four noble truths and the eightfold path as a means to end suffering through enlightenment and escape the cycle of rebirth.
This document provides information on Jaina and Buddhist literature from ancient India. It discusses how the Jaina and Buddhist religions were founded and how their early texts were composed and organized. Specifically, it notes that Jainism was founded by Mahavira and its canon took shape in the 2nd council around 512-525 CE. It was written in various languages including Prakrit, Sanskrit, Tamil, and Kannada. Buddhism was founded by Gautama Buddha and its early scriptures were composed and organized in the Sutta Pitaka and Vinaya Pitaka. Monastic centers like Nalanda and Vikramashila spread Buddhist teachings and literature.
Mahayana Buddhism emerged from early schisms within Buddhism and believes the teachings of the Buddha were meant for different levels of understanding. It has several divisions and schools that developed in different regions, incorporating local beliefs. Key beliefs include the Trikaya doctrine of the Buddha's three bodies, devotion to bodhisattvas who delay enlightenment to help others, and the Lotus Sutra's teaching of inherent Buddha nature in all beings. Sects emphasize different practices like meditation, faith, or reason as paths to enlightenment. Tibetan Buddhism blends Indian Mahayana with indigenous Bon shamanism.
Similar to the buddha, his teachings and buddhist economics (20)
1. The Buddha, his
teachings and Buddhist
Economics
Relevance of Buddhism in modern-day life and business.
~ Suyog Prajapati,
M.Sc., MA (TU)
23 Jan, 2017 (Monday)
2. ò Who was the Buddha and what are his teachings (philosophy)?
ò How do we know about Buddha’s teachings?
ò Why is Buddhism such a major force in modern-day life?
ò What is Buddhist Economics?
ò How can Buddhist practices be related to economics and
management?
3. Who was the Buddha?
ò The word “Buddha” is a title.
ò Sanskrit/P li root: budh (“to perceive”)
ò Buddha = “the one who is awakened” or “one who can
perceive and understand the four noble truths”
ò Historically refers to Gautama Buddha
ò Born 563 BCE at Lumbini into the Shakya clan
ò Birth name Siddh rtha
4. Early life
ò Tradition — his mother Mah m y Dev conceived him
while dreaming of a white elephant — on the way to her
maternal home Devdaha (the Koliya kingdom) gave birth to
Siddhartha in the beautiful Lumbini garden (Vaiṣākha
P rṇim )
ò Father uddhodana invited five renowned Brahmin scholars
during his naming ceremony. Four prophesized the boy would
either be a great king or a great sage.
ò The youngest Brahmin, Koṇdaññya singly predicts that the
boy would be a great sage (a Buddha).
ò Fearing his son will leave the palace, shields him from all
kinds of misery and indulges him in extreme luxury
5. Marriage and the Four
Great Sights
ò At age 16, father uddhodana arranges marriage of
Siddh rtha to his cousin, Ya odhar (also 16), a Koliya
princess.
ò All education and military training completed within the
confines of the palace.
ò At age 29, decides to venture outside to meet his subjects.
Aghast seeing the sight of an old man, a diseased person and a
funeral procession.
ò Also sees a calm ascetic monk. Asks his charioteer, Channa
about all this, who tells him that this is real world.
6. Dissatisfaction and the
Great Departure
ò At around the same time Siddh rtha is blessed with a
son, named R hula.
ò Instead of happiness, feels even greater mortification.
Vows to relinquish life as a prince.
ò Convinced to look for the root cause and end of all
bodily and mental anguish.
ò In the dead of night with the help of Channa, riding the
horse Kaṇṭhaka silently departs, leaving behind all
material possessions. The event — Mah bhiniṣkramaṇa
7. Practices existing yoga
techniques
ò After departure goes to R jagṛha
ò First learns meditation techniques from l ra K l m,
then from Uddaka R maputta, both renowned vedic
sages. Unsatisfied, departs to Uruvela.
ò Practices very harsh meditation techniques for six
arduous years.
ò Extreme mortification almost leads to death.
8. “Enlightenment’
ò On the full moon day of Vaiṣākha, a lady named Suj ta offers rice-
pudding to Siddh rtha, meditating under a tree, thinking him to be a
tree-spirit.
ò At once Siddh rtha realizes the uselessness of self-torture. Again
begins deep meditation.
ò In three stages of 4-hour each (praharas), achieves three stages of
enlightenment—1st, the recollection of past memories
(p rvaniv s nusmṛti jñ na); 2nd, the knowledge of arising and
diminishing (cyutotpatti jñ na); 3rd, the knowledge of
interdependence ( ravakṣaya jñ na)
ò Upon realizing the third level of enlightenment (unique till that
time), he achieved the Bodhijñ na and became the Buddha
9. What are the teachings of
the Buddha?
ò At age 36, made his first discourse in the Deer-park at S rn th
to five ascetics. Event — dharmacakrapravartana
ò The five ascetics became the first Saṃgha. The first teachings
of the Buddha (Dharma) was about the four noble truths and
eight-fold noble paths
ò The Three Jewels of Buddhism (Tri-Ratna) — Buddha (the
teacher), Dharma (the teachings) and Saṃgha (the disciples)
ò A Buddhist — someone who has taken refuge upon the Tri-
Ratna (Tri- araṇa)
10. The Four Noble Truths
ò Sufferings (dissatisfaction, unease etc.) prevail in life
(PROBLEM)
ò These sufferings are caused by desires
(CAUSE)
ò Sufferings are ended when nirvāṇa is attained
(SOLUTION)
ò Nirvāṇā is achieved through the eight-fold noble paths
(METHOD/PATH)
11. The Eight-fold Noble
Paths
ò Right Understanding
ò Right Thinking
ò Right Speech
ò Right Action
ò Right Livelihood
ò Right Effort
ò Right Attention
ò Right Meditation
Prajñ (insight/wisdom)
la (morality)
Sam dhi (concentration)
u K ya (body)
u V ka (speech)
u Citta (mind)
12. The Three Universal Characteristics, the
Three Root Causes of Sufferings and
the Five Aggregates
ò Tri-lakṣaṇa— Anitya (change) — Dukkha (unease/
suffering) — An tma (no-self)
ò Dukkha caused by — R ga (attachment), Dwe a
(hatred) and Moha (ignorace)
ò World is made up of Pañca-Skandha (Five Aggregates)
— Form (R pa), Feeling (Vedan ), Congition (Sajñ ),
Volition (Saṃsk ra) and Consciousness (Vijñ na)
13. How do we know about
the Buddha and about his
teachings?
14.
15. Why is Buddhism such a
major force in modern-day
life?
ò Until the late 1700s, Buddhism was limited only to Asia
ò During the 19th century many original Buddhist texts arrived
to Europe. Meanwhile Buddhist archaeological sites were
being discovered in South and Southeast Asia
ò Western scholars became interested in this hitherto unknown
form of belief and began translating the texts.
ò Towards the end of the 1800s and beginning of the 20th
century, organizations like the Pali Text Society and the
Buddhist Society of London were formed in the West
16. The “experience yourself”
philosophy
ò The European enlightenment, industrial revolution and
dramatic economic changes lead to great social upheaval.
ò Scholars, philosophers, artists and writers were on the look
out for radical view points.
ò Buddhism attracted the rational scientific minded Europeans
because of it’s strict emphasis on first-hand evidence (eg.
K l ma Sutta of Aṅguttara Nik ya)
ò Buddha himself instructed not to take his words at face value
— “Don’t believe just because it’s written in the scriptures, just
because your teacher told you, or because of tradition
always see, feel and experience what has been said first-hand
in order to believe it”
17. The “middle-way”
ò Siddh rtha Gautama before leaving palace was in
extreme luxury. Then in the forest practiced extreme
mortification. Both did not favor him. So he sought a
“middle-way” (madhyama-m rga)
ò Neither eternalistic (leading to fatalistic thinking) nor
nihilistic (leading to hedonistic thinking)
ò Like tuning a stringed intrument
ò Applicable in all situations in day-to-day life
18. Spread of mindfulness
meditation
ò Since the last half-century many Buddhists from Asia
travelling to Western countries. Americans, Europeans
and Australians are also coming for meditation practice
ò Tibetan-diaspora attracted attention of powerful
countries like the US. Also increased interest in their
culture which is in large part Buddhistic
ò Integration of mindfulness techniques with modern
Psychology helping countless people live stress-free lives
ò Study of Buddhism not limited to only scholars
19. What is Buddhist
Economics?
ò Right Livelihood — one of the Eight-fold Noble Paths. It
means Buddhism is directly related to daily transactions.
ò E.F. Schumacher used the term “Buddhist Economics” in his
seminal work ‘Small is Beautiful’
ò Modern liberal economics — solely profit oriented, consumer-
market based, reduces the function of work to merely the
production of goods
ò Buddhist Economics takes the function of work as to — help
enable and develop ones faculties, let go of ego and cooperate
and create goods and services for better (happier) existence
20. Materalist goods versus
Buddhist liberation
ò Materialist interested mainly in goods. Buddhists aim at
liberation from the cycle of rebirth and suffering.
ò But Buddhism being “The Middle Way” does allow
materialistic fulfillments as well.
ò Wealth does not hinder liberation. Rather attachment to wealth
does.
ò Craving for pleasure and not the enjoyment of pleasurable
things are the source for entanglement
ò Buddhist Economics focus simplicity (lessening desire and
cravings) and non-violence
21. Maximum well-being with
minimum consumption
ò Buddhism does not oppose the accumulation of wealth or the
use of material goods.
ò But both should be optimum and not excessive
ò Buddhist Economics measures high standard of living not by
more consumption but by optimal consumption through least
effort, thus allowing our efforts to be directed towards other
creative endeavors
ò Modern economics — maximize consumption by optimal
pattern of productive effort
ò Buddhist Economics — maximize human satisfaction by
optimal pattern of consumption (“the middle way”)
22. Buddhist practices, economics
and management
ò Main aim of Buddhists — Happiness in this world (Lokiya
Sukha) and Happiness in the world hereafter (Lokottara
Sukha)
ò Driving force for both economics and management — la
(Morality). Pañca la (Five precepts) — not to kill, not to
steal, refrain from sexual misconducts, not to lie and refrain
from intoxication
ò E.g. Sig lov da Sutta of D gha Nik ya — Guidelines for
Householders (gṛha vinaya) based on above — covers the
whole spectrum of economics and management.
23. Fulfillment of reciprocal duties
ò Six directions of veneration — East (Mother and Father),
South (Teachers), West (Wife/Husband and Children), North
(Friends and Relatives), Zenith (Holy People, Seers, Buddha)
and Nadir (Workers, Employees)
ò Parents — support and nurture them in their old age
ò Teachers — greet with respect and master their teachings
ò Spouse & Children — provide respect, security and skills
ò Friends/Relatives — be generous, use kind words
ò Ascetics — proper acts of mind-body-speech and hospitality
ò Workers — be just, allow appropriate work
24. Economic and Social aspects in
Sig lov da Sutta
ò 6 ways wealth is lost — intoxicants — wandering streets
at unseemly hours — frequenting theatrical shows —
gambling — being with evil companions — habitual
idleness
ò Optimum use of earning — one-fourth for daily use,
donation etc., on-fourth for security (contingency) and
half as capital for business
ò Treatment of employees — give work as per capacity,
sufficient wages, medical facilities, do not discriminate,
give holidays, incentives for working overtime
25. Final Remarks
Modern Western Economics Buddhist Economics
Maximize Profit Minimize Sufferings
Maximize Desires Minimize Desires
Maximize Market Minimize Violence
Maximize Instrumental Use Minimize Instrumental Use
Maximize Self-interest Minimize Self-interest
“Bigger is Better” “Small is Beautiful”
“More is More” “Less is More”
v Use available facilities and develop new ones — Simplify
Desires — Do not cling to any objects (mental or physical)
— Always follow la, practice Sam dh and have Prajñ
26. Ye dharm hetu prabhav hetun, teṣāṃ tath gato hyavadat,
teṣāṃ ca yo nirodha, evaṃ v d mah ramaṇa!!
(Hetu Dh raṇī)
Manopubbaṅgam dhamm manoseṭṭh manomay
manas ce paduṭṭhena bh sat v karoti v
tato naṃ dukkham anveti cakkaṃ va vahato padaṃ.
Manopubbaṅgam dhamm manoseṭṭh manomay
manas ce pasannena bh sat v karoti v
tato naṃ sukkham anveti ch y va anap yin .
~Dhammapada