This document provides information about Buddhism and the Buddha. It discusses the life of Siddhartha Gautama, the founder of Buddhism, and key Buddhist beliefs such as the four noble truths, karma, rebirth, and nirvana. It also describes different types of Buddhism like Theravada, Mahayana, Tibetan, and Zen Buddhism. The document contains pictures showing depictions of the Buddha from different cultures and eras as well as Buddhist symbols, texts, and practices. It concludes with discussing the spread of Buddhism and modern Buddhism in America.

2. *Compare and Contrast
how Buddha is represented
in the pictures.
You may choose which
version of the Buddha you
prefer most.

4. QUESTIONS:
•Why do you think there
are different depictions
of the Buddha in
different parts of the
world?

5. QUESTIONS:
•In your view, what
did the Buddha
exactly look alike?

6. Objectives:
at the end of lesson the students
will be able to:
1.
1.Define the definition
Buddhism.
2.Express the ideas about the
teaching of Buddhism.
3.Demonstrate a short play
about the eight fold path of
Buddhism.

8. Religions of South Asia

9. Buddhism in the Subcontinent

10. Siddhartha Gautama (563-483 BCE)
 Born in NE India
(Nepal).
 Raised in great luxury
to be a king.
 At 29 he rejected
his luxurious life to
seek enlightenment
and the source of
suffering.
 Lived a strict,
ascetic life for 6 yrs.
 Rejecting this extreme, sat in
meditation, and found nirvana.
 Became “The Enlightened One,” at 35.

11. The essence of
Buddhism
 The “middle way of wisdom
and compassion.”
 2,500 year old tradition.
 The 3 jewels of Buddhism:
 Buddha, the teacher.
 Dharma, the teachings.
 Sangha, the community.

12. What do Buddhists
believe?
• Rebirth (reincarnation)
results from attachments
(karma)
• Nirvana is a peaceful,
detached state of mind
• Achieving Nirvana means
escape from the cycle of
rebirth

13. What do Buddhists believe?
Once Gautama Buddha died,
after 80 years of life in this
world, having achieved
Nirvana and teaching
multitudes his way of life, he
ceased to exist as a distinct
being
• Buddhism is non-theistic:
Buddha is not the Buddhist
God – he is just a revered
teacher

14. Buddhist Metaphysics
• Dukkha: life in this world
is filled with suffering
• Anicca: everything in this
world is impermanent
• Anatta:the self/soul is
also impermanent – there
is no eternal, unchanging
self (“no soul” – no atman)

15. Buddhist Metaphysics
• Suffering is a state
of mind – achieve a
balanced, peaceful,
detached state of
mind and suffering
can be extinguished
(Nirvana)

16. What are some Buddhist
texts?
• Tripitaka (the Pali Cannon) – the
“Three Baskets”:
– Vinaya (“discipline”) – rules for
monastic life
– Sutta (“discourse”) – sermons of the
Buddha
– Abhidhamma (metaphysical
“teachings”)
• Dhammapada – collected sayings of the
Buddha
• Other texts used by specific schools

17. What is the fundamental
cause of all suffering?
Desire!
 Therefore, extinguish the self,
don’t obsess about oneself.

18. Four Noble Truths
1. There is suffering in the
world. To live is to
suffer. (Dukkha)
 The Buddha found this
out when he was young
and experienced
suffering and death in
others.

19. Four Noble Truths
2. The cause of
suffering is self-
centered desire and
attachments. (Tanha)

20. Four Noble Truths
3. The solution is to
eliminate desire and
attachments.
(Nirvana = “extinction”)

21. Four Noble Truths
4. To reach nirvana, one
must follow the Eightfold
Path.

22. Eightfold Path
Nirvana
 The union with the ultimate
spiritual reality.
 Escape from the cycle of
rebirth.

23. What is the Eight-
Fold Path?
•Right View
•Right Thought
•Right Speech
•Right Action

24. What is the Eight-
Fold Path?
•Right Livelihood
•Right Effort
•Right Mindfulness
•Right Concentration

25. 1. Right View
PALI ORIGINAL:
Samma-ditthi
MEANING:
awareness of the law
of karma and the four
noble truth

26. 2. Right Thought
PALI ORIGINAL:
Samma-sankappa
MEANING: avoiding
thoughts of anger,
greed, and illicit desire

27. 3. Right Speech
PALI ORIGINAL:
Samma-vaca
MEANING:
avoiding lies, unkind
speech and frivolous
talk

28. 4. Right Action
PALI ORIGINAL:
Samma-kammanto
MEANING:
avoiding evil acts,
those against the five
Precepts

29. 5. Right Livelihood
PALI ORIGINAL:
Samma-ajivo
MEANING:
avoiding lifestyles and
occupation that harm
oneself and other
beings

30. 6. Right Effort
PALI ORIGINAL:
Samma-vayamo
MEANING:
doing one’s best in
doing good things at
the right time

31. 7. Right Mindfulness
PALI ORIGINAL:
Samma-sati
MEANING:
learning to be attentive
to the present moment

32. 8. Right Concentration
PALI ORIGINAL:
Samma-samadhi
MEANING:
training the mind to be
focused and calm

33. Buddha – 19c Thailand

34. Buddha’s
head :
2c
Pakistan

35. Mandala: Wheel of Life
Motif

36. Mandala: Wheel of Life
Motif

37. Buddhist Altar

38. The Spread of
Buddhism
• Within two centuries
after the Buddha died,
Buddhism began to
spread north and east
into Asia
• By 13th century
Buddhism had
disappeared from India

39. Types of Buddhism
 Therevada Buddhism
 Mahayana Buddhism
 Tibetan Buddhism
 Zen Buddhism

40. Theravada Buddhism
 The oldest school of Buddhism.
 The “Way of the Elders” or the
“Small Vehicle.”
 Found in southern Asia.
 The monastic life is the best way
to achieve nirvana.
 Focus on wisdom and meditation.
 Goal is to become a “Buddha,” or
“Enlightened One.”
 Over 100,000,000 followers today.

41. Theravada Buddhism

42. Mahayana Buddhism
 The “Great Vehicle.”
 Founded in northern Asia (China,
Japan).
 Buddhism “for the masses.”
 Seek guidance from Boddhisatvas,
wise beings.
 Goal: Not just individual escape
from the wheel, but the salvation
of all humanity through self-
sacrifice of those enlightened few.

43. Mahayana Buddhism

44. Seated Boddhisatva – 16c
Bhutan

45. boddhisatva

46. Tibetan Buddhism
 The “Diamond Vehicle.” [Vajrayana]
 Developed in Tibet in the
7c CE.
 A mix of Theravada and Mahayana.
 Boddhisatvas include
Lamas, like the
Dalai Lama.
 The Tibetan Book
of the Dead
[Bardo Thodol].

47. The
Dalai
Lama

48. Zen Buddhism
 The “Meditation School.”
 Seeks sudden enlightenment [satori]
through meditation, arriving at
emptiness [sunyata].
 Use of meditation masters [Roshi].
 Beauty, art, and aesthetics:
 Gardens.
 Archery.
 Tea ceremony.
 Calligraphy.

49. Buddhism in America
(1999)

50. 10th Annual western buddhist
monastic conference
California, 2004

51. Relieve Stress & Meditate:
Get a Mantra !
Ohm...mani...padme...hung..
.
Hail to the jewel in the lotus!

52. Activity 2:
‘’Short Play’’
• Students will demonstrate a
short play about the eight
fold path of Buddhism.
• You will be given 15
minutes to practice.
• The teacher will make 5
groups.

53. Enrichment:
‘’Short Play’’
• Students will present
their short play about
Eight Fold path in
maximum of 5 minutes

54. Evaluation:
‘’Eight Fold Path’’
Each students will recite the
Eight Fold Path individual.