The document discusses the origins and development of the English language. It covers ancient times including the Roman invasion of Britain and Anglo-Saxon conquest. It then discusses important works like Beowulf and The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer. It also mentions key figures that influenced the English language like John Wycliffe and William Tyndale during the Middle Ages.

1. The Origins and
Development of The English
Language
The Adventure of English
2011KU0083 JUNEWOO, PARK
2011년 5월 13일 금요일

2. CONTENTS
Beowulf
The Canterbury Tales
John Wycliffe
William Tyndale
Elizabeth
William Shakespeare
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3. ANCIENT TIMES
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4. 43-ca. 420: Roman invasion and
occupation of Britain
ca. 450: Anglo-Saxon Conquest
597: St. Augustine arrives in Kent;
beginning of Anglo-Saxon
conversion to Christianity
871-899: Reign of King Alfred
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5. Beowulf
The greatest of the Old English poems is
Beowulf, the tale of a Scandinavian hero who
goes to the aid of Hrothgar, the Danish King,
to defend him against the monster Grendel. It
has been called the first great poem in the
English language.
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6. Hwaet, we Gar-Dena in geardagum
Mynte se manscaða manna cynnes
summa besyrwan in selepam hean.
Onbrædpa bealohydig, pa he gebolgen waes,
recedes mupan. . .
ac he gefeng hraðe forman siðe
slæpendne rinc slat unwearnum,
bat banlocan, blod edrum dranc,
synsnædum swealh; sona haefde
unlyfigendes eal gefeormod,
fet ond folma.
2011년 5월 13일 금요일

7. Hwaet, we Gar-Dena in geardagum
Mynte se manscaða manna cynnes
summa besyrwan in selepam hean.
Onbrædpa bealohydig, pa he gebolgen waes,
recedes mupan. . .
ac he gefeng hraðe forman siðe
slæpendne rinc slat unwearnum,
bat banlocan, blod edrum dranc,
synsnædum swealh; sona haefde
unlyfigendes eal gefeormod,
fet ond folma.
2011년 5월 13일 금요일

8. Hwaet, we Gar-Dena in geardagum
Mynte se manscaða manna cynnes
summa besyrwan in selepam hean.
Onbrædpa bealohydig, pa he gebolgen waes,
recedes mupan. . .
ac he gefeng hraðe forman siðe
slæpendne rinc slat unwearnum,
bat banlocan, blod edrum dranc,
synsnædum swealh; sona haefde
unlyfigendes eal gefeormod,
fet ond folma.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4L7VTH8ii_8
2011년 5월 13일 금요일

9. So, the Spear-Danes in days gone by
The bane of the race of man
roamed forth, hunting for prey in the high hall.
When his rage boiled over
He ripped open the mouth of the building
Maddening for blood. . .
He grabbed and mauled a man on his bench
Bit into his bone lappings, bolted down his blood
And gorged on him in lumps
Leaving the body utterly lifeless
Eaten up, hand and foot.
2011년 5월 13일 금요일

10. So, the Spear-Danes in days gone by
The bane of the race of man
roamed forth, hunting for prey in the high hall.
When his rage boiled over
He ripped open the mouth of the building
Maddening for blood. . .
He grabbed and mauled a man on his bench
Bit into his bone lappings, bolted down his blood
And gorged on him in lumps
Leaving the body utterly lifeless
Eaten up, hand and foot.
2011년 5월 13일 금요일

11. So, the Spear-Danes in days gone by
The bane of the race of man
roamed forth, hunting for prey in the high hall.
When his rage boiled over
He ripped open the mouth of the building
Maddening for blood. . .
He grabbed and mauled a man on his bench
Bit into his bone lappings, bolted down his blood
And gorged on him in lumps
Leaving the body utterly lifeless
Eaten up, hand and foot.
2011년 5월 13일 금요일

12. So, the Spear-Danes in days gone by
The bane of the race of man
roamed forth, hunting for prey in the high hall.
When his rage boiled over
He ripped open the mouth of the building
Maddening for blood. . .
He grabbed and mauled a man on his bench
Bit into his bone lappings, bolted down his blood
And gorged on him in lumps
Leaving the body utterly lifeless
Eaten up, hand and foot.
http:/ v=CbvEz3s1Xm4
/www.youtube.com/watch?
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13. 90 Sᴂgde se ᴘe cupe
said he who knew [how]
ʄrumsceaft ʄira ʄeorran reccan,
[the] origin [of] men from far [time] [to] recount,
cwᴂð pᴂt se ᴁlmightiga eorðan worhte,
said that the Almighty [the]earth wrought
wlite-beorhtne wang, swa wᴂter bebugeð,
beauty-bright plain as water surrounds [it]
gesette sige-hrepig sunnan ond monan,
set triumph-glorious sun and moon
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14. In Old English spelling, ᴂ (line 90) is a vowel symbol that
represents the vowel of Modern English cat
p (line 90) and ð (line 92) both represent the sound th.
The spelling sc (line 91) = sh
c (line 92) = k.
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15. One point which seemed almost the clincher in
Early English’s claim to poetic greatness including
Beowulf is its capacity to make up extra words:
“ban-hus” (bone-house, for “body”)
“gleo-beam” (glee-wood, for “harp”)
“wig-bord” (war-board, for “shield”)
“hwæl-wag (whale’s-way, for “sea”)
“wæg-hengest” (wave-steed, for “boat”)
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16. I am Grandel’s mother
http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=v9qpqyO_dmU
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17. The middle age
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18. 1066: Norman Conquest
1154-1189: Reign of Henry 2
ca. 1200: Beginning of Middle English
literature
1345-1400: Geoffrey Chaucer
1485: William Caxton’s printing of
Sir Thomas Malory’s Morte
Darther, one of the first books
printed in England
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19. Geoffrey Chaucer
Chaucer decided to write not in Latin - which
he knew well - not in the French from which he
translated and which might have given him
greater prestige, but in English, his own English,
London-based English
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20. The Canterbury Tales
Through skilful stories told by a group of
pilgrims to ease the time as they ride from
Southwark in London to Canterbury Cathedral.
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21. Whan that April with his showres soote
The droughte of March hath perced to the roote,
And bathed every veine in swich licour,
Of which vertu engendred is the flowr;
When Zephyrus eek with his sweete breeth
Inspired hath in every holt and heeth
The tendre croppes, and the yonge sonne
Hath in the Ram his halve cours yronne,
And smale fowles maken melodye
That sleepen al the night with open yë -
So priketh hem Nature in hir corages -
Thanne longen folk to goon on pilgrimages,
2011년 5월 13일 금요일

22. Whan that April with his showres soote
The droughte of March hath perced to the roote,
And bathed every veine in swich licour,
Of which vertu engendred is the flowr;
When Zephyrus eek with his sweete breeth
Inspired hath in every holt and heeth
The tendre croppes, and the yonge sonne
Hath in the Ram his halve cours yronne,
And smale fowles maken melodye
That sleepen al the night with open yë -
So priketh hem Nature in hir corages -
Thanne longen folk to goon on pilgrimages,
2011년 5월 13일 금요일

23. Whan that April with his showres soote
The droughte of March hath perced to the roote,
And bathed every veine in swich licour,
Of which vertu engendred is the flowr;
When Zephyrus eek with his sweete breeth
Inspired hath in every holt and heeth
The tendre croppes, and the yonge sonne
Hath in the Ram his halve cours yronne,
And smale fowles maken melodye
That sleepen al the night with open yë -
So priketh hem Nature in hir corages -
Thanne longen folk to goon on pilgrimages,
2011년 5월 13일 금요일

24. Whan that April with his showres soote
The droughte of March hath perced to the roote,
And bathed every veine in swich licour,
Of which vertu engendred is the flowr;
When Zephyrus eek with his sweete breeth
Inspired hath in every holt and heeth
The tendre croppes, and the yonge sonne
Hath in the Ram his halve cours yronne,
And smale fowles maken melodye
That sleepen al the night with open yë -
So priketh hem Nature in hir corages -
Thanne longen folk to goon on pilgrimages,
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QE0MtENfOMU
2011년 5월 13일 금요일

25. When April with his sweet showers has
pierced the dryness of March to the root,
and bathed every vein in such moisture
as has power to bring forth the flower;
when, also, Zephyrus with his sweet breath
has breathed spirit into the tender new shoots
in every wood and meadow, and the young sun
has run half his course in the sign of the Ram,
and small birds sing melodies and
sleep with their eyes open all the night
(so Nature pricks them in their hearts):
then people long to go on pilgrimages,
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26. About twenty to twenty-five percent of the
vocabulary used by Chaucer is from the French. In
that short extract there’s an average of at least
one French word per line: “April,” “March,”
“perced,” “veyne,” “lycour,” “vertu,” “engendred,”
“flour,” “inspired.” Often they have meanings now
lost: “lycour” = moisture; “vertu” = power.
“Zephirus” is from Latin, “root” is from Old Norse.
This language is English. All the words called by
linguists “function words” - pronouns and
prepositions - are from Old English.
2011년 5월 13일 금요일

27. John Wycliffe
He born near Richmond in
Yorkshire, admitted to Merton
College, Oxford.
Wycliffe inspired two biblical
translations and rightly they bear
his name. Both versions are made
from the Latin Vulgate version.
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28. In the bigynnyng God made of nouyt heuene and erthe.
Forsothe the erthe was idel and voide, and derknessis weren on the
face of depthe; and the Spiryt of the Lord was borun on the watris.
And God seide, Liyt be maad, and liyt was maad.
And God seiy the liyt, that it was good, and he departide the liyt fro
derknessis; and he clepide the liyt , dai, and the derknessis, nyyt.
And the euentid and morwetid was maad, o daie.
In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.
Now the earth was formless and empty, darkness was over the
surface of the deep, and the Spirit of God was hovering over the
waters.
And God said, “Let there be light,” and there was light. 4 God saw
that the light was good, and he separated the light from the
darkness.
God called the light “day,” and the darkness he called “night.” And
there was evening, and there was morning—the first day.
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29. many familiar phrases do have their English origin
in this translation: “an eye for an eye” are both in
Wycliffe, as are words such as “birthday,”
“communication,” “crime,” “envy,” “frying-pen,”
“injury,” “zeal,” - all these and many more were
read first in Wycliffe’s Bible.
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30. William Tyndale
Like Wycliffe, Tyndale was an Oxford classical scholar.
In 1535, Tyndale was arrested by church authorities and
jailed in the castle of Vilvoorde outside Brussels for over
a year. He was tried for heresy, strangled and burnt at
the stake in 1536. The Tyndale Bible, as it was known,
continued to play a key role in spreading Reformation
ideas across Europe. The fifty-four independent scholars
who created the King James Version of the bible in 1611
drew significantly on Tyndale's translations. One estimation
suggests the New Testament in the King James Version is
83% Tyndale's, and the Old Testament 76%
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31. In the begynnynge God created heven and erth.
The erth was voyde and emptic and darcknesse was vpon the
depe and the spirite of God moved vpon the water.
Then God sayd; let there be lyghte and there was lyghte.
In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.
Now the earth was formless and empty, darkness was over the
surface of the deep, and the Spirit of God was hovering over the
waters.
And God said, “Let there be light,” and there was light. 4 God saw
that the light was good, and he separated the light from the
darkness.
2011년 5월 13일 금요일

32. In the bigynnyng God made of nouyt heuene and erthe.
Forsothe the erthe was idel and voide, and derknessis weren on
the
face of depthe; and the Spiryt of the Lord was borun on the
watris.
And God seide, Liyt be maad, and liyt was maad.
In the begynnynge God created heven and erth.
The erth was voyde and emptic and darcknesse was vpon the
depe and the spirite of God moved vpon the water.
Then God sayd; let there be lyghte and there was lyghte.
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33. Elizabeth 1
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34. Elizabeth 1
My loving people, we have been perswaded by some, that are
careful of our safety, to take heed how we commit our self to
armed multitudes for fear of treachery: but I assure you, I do not
desire to live to distrust my faithful, and loving people. Let Tyrants
fear, I have always so behaved my self, that under God I have
placed my chiefest strength, and safeguard in the loyal hearts and
good will of my subjects. And therefore I am come amongst you
as you see, at this time, not for my recreation, and disport, but
being resolved, in the midst, and heat of the battaile to live, or die
amongst you all, to lay down for my God, and for my kingdom, and
for my people, my Honour, and my blood even in the dust. I know I
have the bodie, but of a weak and feeble woman, but I have the
heart and Stomach of a King, and a King of England too. . . We
shall shortly have a famous victorie over those enemies of my
God, of my Kingdomes, and of my People.
2011년 5월 13일 금요일

35. Elizabeth 1
My loving people, we have been perswaded by some, that are
careful of our safety, to take heed how we commit our self to
armed multitudes for fear of treachery: but I assure you, I do not
desire to live to distrust my faithful, and loving people. Let Tyrants
fear, I have always so behaved my self, that under God I have
placed my chiefest strength, and safeguard in the loyal hearts and
good will of my subjects. And therefore I am come amongst you
as you see, at this time, not for my recreation, and disport, but
being resolved, in the midst, and heat of the battaile to live, or die
amongst you all, to lay down for my God, and for my kingdom, and
for my people, my Honour, and my blood even in the dust. I know I
have the bodie, but of a weak and feeble woman, but I have the
heart and Stomach of a King, and a King of England too. . . We
shall shortly have a famous victorie over those enemies of my
God, of my Kingdomes, and of my People.
2011년 5월 13일 금요일

36. Elizabeth 1
My loving people, we have been perswaded by some, that are
careful of our safety, to take heed how we commit our self to
armed multitudes for fear of treachery: but I assure you, I do not
desire to live to distrust my faithful, and loving people. Let Tyrants
fear, I have always so behaved my self, that under God I have
placed my chiefest strength, and safeguard in the loyal hearts and
good will of my subjects. And therefore I am come amongst you
as you see, at this time, not for my recreation, and disport, but
being resolved, in the midst, and heat of the battaile to live, or die
amongst you all, to lay down for my God, and for my kingdom, and
for my people, my Honour, and my blood even in the dust. I know I
have the bodie, but of a weak and feeble woman, but I have the
heart and Stomach of a King, and a King of England too. . . We
shall shortly have a famous victorie over those enemies of my
God, of my Kingdomes, and of my People.
2011년 5월 13일 금요일

37. Elizabeth 1
My loving people, we have been perswaded by some, that are
careful of our safety, to take heed how we commit our self to
armed multitudes for fear of treachery: but I assure you, I do not
desire to live to distrust my faithful, and loving people. Let Tyrants
fear, I have always so behaved my self, that under God I have
placed my chiefest strength, and safeguard in the loyal hearts and
good will of my subjects. And therefore I am come amongst you
as you see, at this time, not for my recreation, and disport, but
being resolved, in the midst, and heat of the battaile to live, or die
amongst you all, to lay down for my God, and for my kingdom, and
for my people, my Honour, and my blood even in the dust. I know I
have the bodie, but of a weak and feeble woman, but I have the
heart and Stomach of a King, and a King of England too. . . We
http://www.youtube.com/watch?
shall shortlyv=vITxj7Tq4f4&feature=related
have a famous victorie over those enemies of my
God, of my Kingdomes, and of my People.
2011년 5월 13일 금요일

38. William Shakespeare
William Shakespeare was an English poet and playwright,
widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English
language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often
called England's national poet. His surviving works, including
some collaborations, consist of about 38plays, 154 sonnets,
two long narrative poems, and several other poems.
2011년 5월 13일 금요일

39. 18
Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?
Thou art more lovely and more temperate:
Rough winds do shake the darling buds of may,
And summer’s lease hath all too short a date:
Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,
And often is his gold complexion dimm’d.
And every fair from fair sometime declines,
By chance, or nature’s changing course untrimm’d
But thy eternal summer shall not fade.
Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st;
Nor shall Death brag thou wander’st in his shade,
When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st;
So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,
So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.
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40. Thank You
for listening
2011년 5월 13일 금요일