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The
Plants
How’s the plant reproduce?
Plants propagate by either…
The Plants Propagation
Plants that produce flowers are called
angiosperms. All angiosperms have the flowers
as reproductive organs and produce seeds that
are stored and protected by the fruit.
Sexual Reproduction of Plants
Learn about it!
Parts of a Flower
● Petals are structures that
are colored and attract
pollinators that carry
pollen. The color of petal
varies from plant to plant.
● Sepals are leaf-like
structures that enclose
the unopened flower.
Parts of a flower
Sexual Reproduction of Plants
Learn about it!
Parts of a Flowers
● The stamen refers to the
male parts like the anther
and filament.
● The pistil refers to the
female parts like the
stigma, style, and ovary. Parts of a flower
Sexual Reproduction of Plants
Learn about it!
Female Reproductive Parts of a Flower
● The ovule becomes the seed,
while the ovary becomes the
fruit, after fertilization.
● The style is a tubular structure
that connects the ovary to the
stigma.
● The stigma is a sticky structure
which collects the male pollen
carried by pollinators during
pollination.
Sexual Reproduction of Plants
Learn about it!
Male Reproductive Parts of a Flower
● The anther produces the
pollen.
● The filament holds up
the anther.
Sexual Reproduction of Plants
Learn about it!
Perfect and Imperfect Flowers
● Perfect flowers are where
the male and female parts
can be found in a single
flower.
● In imperfect flowers, the
male and female
reproductive parts are
found on separate flowers.
Sexual Reproduction of Plants
Check Your Understanding
Identify the following parts of a flower.
Sexual Reproduction of Plants
Learn about it!
● Pollination is when the
pollen produced in a
flower’s anther come into
contact with the stigma of
the same or another
flower.
Pollination
Sexual Reproduction of Plants
Learn about it!
Pollination
● Self-pollination is when
the pollen is transferred
to the stigma on the same
flower or plant.
● Cross- pollination occurs
when this happens on
different plants.
Sexual Reproduction of Plants
Learn about it!
Fertilization
● After the pollen reaches the stigma,
it travels through the style to the
ovary, which is where fertilization
of the female gametes occurs.
● After fertilization, the ovules develop
into seeds, while the ovary becomes
the fruit.
Sexual Reproduction of Plants
Learn about it!
Seeds
● The seed is the fertilized egg cell in plants and contains
the embryo.
● The three major parts of the
seed are:
○ the embryo which has all the
parts for a new plant,
○ the seed coat which protects
the embryo, and
○ the endosperm, the ‘food’
that nourishes the embryo.
Sexual Reproduction of Plants
Types of Cotyledon
• Dicotyledons (dicots), which have two
cotyledons and develop a taproot system and
leaves with webbed veins.
• Monocotyledons (also monocots) have only one
cotyledon and develop a fibrous root system, as
well as leaves with parallel venation.
Types of Cotyledon
What Do You Think?
How does pollination happen in plants?
The Reproduction of Nonflowering Plants
Examples of Nonflowering Plants
Conifers
● Conifers are a group of woody
plants mostly with long, thin
and needle-like leaves.
● The reproductive organs are
called cones, which bear the
seeds.
Conifer leaves
Examples of Nonflowering Plants
Conifer Cones
● Male cones have structures
called microsporangia (sing.
microsporangium) that produce
the pollen.
● In the female cone, pollen pass
through the micropyle, a tiny
opening in the ovule. Pine cones
Examples of Nonflowering Plants
Ferns
● Ferns produce spores, and have
two types of leaves.
○ Trophophylls are vegetative
leaves that do not produce
spores.
○ Sporophylls are fertile leaves
that where spores are
produced.
The Reproduction of Nonflowering Plants
Life Cycle of Ferns
● The sporophyte stage is
the asexual stage which
produces the spores.
● Gametophyte is the phase
that produces both male
and female gametes which
for sexual reproduction.
The Reproduction of Nonflowering Plants
Mosses
● Mosses are small, seedless,
non-vascular plants that
produce no flowers.
● These plants are usually much
smaller than ferns.
Moss
What Do You Think?
How do non flowering plants reproduce?
Asexual Reproduction of Plants
Asexual reproduction is when a plant
propagates itself without the production
and mating of gametes.
Asexual Reproduction of Plants
Apomixis
● Apomixis is where seeds are
produced without the
fertilization of gametes.
● Dandelions are examples of
plants that undergo apomixis.
Dandelions can reproduce
through apomixis
Asexual Reproduction of Plants
Vegetative Reproduction
● A plant part, typically the
stem and the roots, and
sometimes the leaves, is
structurally modified to
give rise to new individuals.
Potatoes can undergo vegetative
reproduction
Asexual Reproduction of Plants
Structural Modifications for
Vegetative Reproduction
● A rhizome is a mass
modified underground stem
that grows shoots and root.
● Stolons (also called runners)
are horizontal stems that
grow at the soil surface and
form new plants.
Asexual Reproduction of Plants
Structural Modifications for
Vegetative Reproduction
● Tubers are the swollen tip of
an underground lateral stem
(stolon).
● Bulbs reproduce by dividing
their underground bulbs into
more bulbs.
Asexual Reproduction of Plants
Structural Modifications for Vegetative
Reproduction
● Corms are similar to
bulbs and modified
into a storage tissue.
Artificial Asexual Reproduction of Plants
● Grafting involves the holding
together and connecting two
plant parts.
Grafting
● Cutting involves planting
stem cuttings in healthy
soil.
Cutting
Artificial Asexual Reproduction of Plants
● Layering is done by planting stems in soil while still attached
to the plant.
Check Your Understanding
Identify the type of asexual reproduction these
plants undergo.
1.onion
2.ginger
3.sweet potato
4.potato
5.garlic

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Tha plants.pptx

  • 2. How’s the plant reproduce?
  • 3. Plants propagate by either… The Plants Propagation
  • 4. Plants that produce flowers are called angiosperms. All angiosperms have the flowers as reproductive organs and produce seeds that are stored and protected by the fruit. Sexual Reproduction of Plants
  • 5. Learn about it! Parts of a Flower ● Petals are structures that are colored and attract pollinators that carry pollen. The color of petal varies from plant to plant. ● Sepals are leaf-like structures that enclose the unopened flower. Parts of a flower Sexual Reproduction of Plants
  • 6. Learn about it! Parts of a Flowers ● The stamen refers to the male parts like the anther and filament. ● The pistil refers to the female parts like the stigma, style, and ovary. Parts of a flower Sexual Reproduction of Plants
  • 7. Learn about it! Female Reproductive Parts of a Flower ● The ovule becomes the seed, while the ovary becomes the fruit, after fertilization. ● The style is a tubular structure that connects the ovary to the stigma. ● The stigma is a sticky structure which collects the male pollen carried by pollinators during pollination. Sexual Reproduction of Plants
  • 8. Learn about it! Male Reproductive Parts of a Flower ● The anther produces the pollen. ● The filament holds up the anther. Sexual Reproduction of Plants
  • 9. Learn about it! Perfect and Imperfect Flowers ● Perfect flowers are where the male and female parts can be found in a single flower. ● In imperfect flowers, the male and female reproductive parts are found on separate flowers. Sexual Reproduction of Plants
  • 10. Check Your Understanding Identify the following parts of a flower. Sexual Reproduction of Plants
  • 11. Learn about it! ● Pollination is when the pollen produced in a flower’s anther come into contact with the stigma of the same or another flower. Pollination Sexual Reproduction of Plants
  • 12. Learn about it! Pollination ● Self-pollination is when the pollen is transferred to the stigma on the same flower or plant. ● Cross- pollination occurs when this happens on different plants. Sexual Reproduction of Plants
  • 13. Learn about it! Fertilization ● After the pollen reaches the stigma, it travels through the style to the ovary, which is where fertilization of the female gametes occurs. ● After fertilization, the ovules develop into seeds, while the ovary becomes the fruit. Sexual Reproduction of Plants
  • 14. Learn about it! Seeds ● The seed is the fertilized egg cell in plants and contains the embryo. ● The three major parts of the seed are: ○ the embryo which has all the parts for a new plant, ○ the seed coat which protects the embryo, and ○ the endosperm, the ‘food’ that nourishes the embryo. Sexual Reproduction of Plants
  • 15. Types of Cotyledon • Dicotyledons (dicots), which have two cotyledons and develop a taproot system and leaves with webbed veins. • Monocotyledons (also monocots) have only one cotyledon and develop a fibrous root system, as well as leaves with parallel venation.
  • 17. What Do You Think? How does pollination happen in plants?
  • 18. The Reproduction of Nonflowering Plants
  • 19. Examples of Nonflowering Plants Conifers ● Conifers are a group of woody plants mostly with long, thin and needle-like leaves. ● The reproductive organs are called cones, which bear the seeds. Conifer leaves
  • 20. Examples of Nonflowering Plants Conifer Cones ● Male cones have structures called microsporangia (sing. microsporangium) that produce the pollen. ● In the female cone, pollen pass through the micropyle, a tiny opening in the ovule. Pine cones
  • 21. Examples of Nonflowering Plants Ferns ● Ferns produce spores, and have two types of leaves. ○ Trophophylls are vegetative leaves that do not produce spores. ○ Sporophylls are fertile leaves that where spores are produced.
  • 22. The Reproduction of Nonflowering Plants Life Cycle of Ferns ● The sporophyte stage is the asexual stage which produces the spores. ● Gametophyte is the phase that produces both male and female gametes which for sexual reproduction.
  • 23. The Reproduction of Nonflowering Plants Mosses ● Mosses are small, seedless, non-vascular plants that produce no flowers. ● These plants are usually much smaller than ferns. Moss
  • 24. What Do You Think? How do non flowering plants reproduce?
  • 25. Asexual Reproduction of Plants Asexual reproduction is when a plant propagates itself without the production and mating of gametes.
  • 26. Asexual Reproduction of Plants Apomixis ● Apomixis is where seeds are produced without the fertilization of gametes. ● Dandelions are examples of plants that undergo apomixis. Dandelions can reproduce through apomixis
  • 27. Asexual Reproduction of Plants Vegetative Reproduction ● A plant part, typically the stem and the roots, and sometimes the leaves, is structurally modified to give rise to new individuals. Potatoes can undergo vegetative reproduction
  • 28. Asexual Reproduction of Plants Structural Modifications for Vegetative Reproduction ● A rhizome is a mass modified underground stem that grows shoots and root. ● Stolons (also called runners) are horizontal stems that grow at the soil surface and form new plants.
  • 29. Asexual Reproduction of Plants Structural Modifications for Vegetative Reproduction ● Tubers are the swollen tip of an underground lateral stem (stolon). ● Bulbs reproduce by dividing their underground bulbs into more bulbs.
  • 30. Asexual Reproduction of Plants Structural Modifications for Vegetative Reproduction ● Corms are similar to bulbs and modified into a storage tissue.
  • 31. Artificial Asexual Reproduction of Plants ● Grafting involves the holding together and connecting two plant parts. Grafting ● Cutting involves planting stem cuttings in healthy soil. Cutting
  • 32. Artificial Asexual Reproduction of Plants ● Layering is done by planting stems in soil while still attached to the plant.
  • 33. Check Your Understanding Identify the type of asexual reproduction these plants undergo. 1.onion 2.ginger 3.sweet potato 4.potato 5.garlic