This document outlines the basics of testing and assessment. It begins with definitions of key terms and lists the main principles of testing, including usefulness, practicality, validity, and reliability. It then describes different types of tests, such as placement, progress, achievement, and diagnostic tests. The document also discusses test design procedures like planning, development, administration, and reflection. It covers the use of statistics in testing and how technology has impacted testing over time. In the bibliography section, several key references on language testing are provided.