Pablo Navarrete. "Why was Chile's quake less deadly than Haiti's quake?". Arquitecto Universidad de Chile, Msc Sciences-Po, Msc London School of Economics
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18/04/10
Why was Chile's quake less deadly than Haiti's quake? Terremotos Chile - Haiti.
Categories: Seminarios y estudios
Pablo Navarrete. "Why was Chile's quake less deadly than Haiti's quake?". Arquitecto Universidad de Chile, Msc Sciences-Po, Msc London School of Economics
Exposición en Seminario Instituto de Estudios Urbanos PUC, Santiago de Chile 12/04/2010
Israel Palestine Conflict, The issue and historical context!
Terremotos en Haiti Chile. Comparación de impactos
1. GY341
Is an 8.8 quake more deadly than a 7.3
quake?
Isabel Carreras-Baquer Pablo Navarrete
London School of Economics and Political Science London School of Economics and Political Science
MSc in Regional and Urban Planning Studies MSc in Regional and Urban Planning Studies
i.carreras-baquer@lse.ac.uk Sciences-Po Paris
MSC in Urban and Regional Strategies
p.j.navarrete@lse.ac.uk
2. The paradox of the Richter scale
CHILE 8.8 HAITI 7.3
(900 times stronger)
(5th biggest in human history)
Tsunami no Tsunami
13.6 M/ 17M people affected 9M/ 9M people affecte
723 Death 230.000 Death
(5th deathly earthquake in the human history)
3. Why was Chile quake less deadly
than Haiti quake?
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/8543324.stm
5. 1.Vulnerability
factors
quake
time
Low
impact
damage
Medium
impact
High
Impact
6. 1. Vulnerability
1.1 City morphology
1.1.1 Density >> People and buildings
1.1.2 Emergency places >> plazas, street width, cores
1.1.3 Hazardousness of the location
1.2 Building codes
1.2.1 Existance
1.2.1 Application
-Informal construction
-Construction ethics of profit making
1.3 Information
1.3.1 Individual Knowledge
1.3.2 Channels of distribution
1.4 Gender?
14. Individual Knowledge Looking for safe places/ alerting hazards
_Tsunami Alert System Fails
_Lack of communication with many costal zones
“Policemen didn’t wait for the official order to
evacuate and sent everybody to the hills”
15. Channels of distribution transforming local knowledge in a Tsunami alert
"¡Se sale el mar!" gritó con megáfono el cabo José Arévalo, quien fue la única
persona que avisó sobre el tsunami. El carabinero logró salvar a numerosas personas
que se encontraban en los pubs de la costanera y en la playa en Pichilemu.
(La Tercera 3 March 2010 )
“Éste les confirmó la magnitud del sismo y Martina corre a la plaza de Robinson
Crusoe para activar la alarma Tsunami, permitiendo salvar muchas vidas. Hoy
es una heroína reconocida por todos los sobrevivientes de la isla”. (LUN 3 March)
pellehue
Carabineros de Iloca. El lugar era el principal balneario costero de la provincia de
Curicó, la dotación de carabineros del lugar orientados por su sentido común evacuó
a la mayoría de los habitantes y turistas de Iloca, dando
aviso de
tsunami sin recibir aviso oficial del riesgo.
16. 1.4 Gender?
“one woman for every three men survived” Aceh, Indonesia earthquake
Vulnerability factors>>
_Lack of information about evacuation warnings
_Culturally restricted mobility
_Growing responsibility within the family (after shock)
Evidence>>
Chile shows no correlation >> 246 M / 255 F
No data on Haiti
(World Bank 2006:50)
17. 2. Reaction
factors
quake
High Medium Low
speed impact impact
damage
18. 2. Capacity to recover
2.1 Economic Factors
2.1.1 Individual financial capacity
savings (past) and income (present), Access to credits (future)
2.1.2 Public financial capacity
National, Regional , local
2.1.3 Insurance coverage
National, Local, ¿International?
2.1.4 Location of productive areas
2.2 Institutional Capacity
International, Vertical, Horizontal
2.3 Social factors
2.3.1 Opportunistic vs collaborative behaviour >> Game theory
2.3.2 Activation of Social Networks/ rural urban linkages
19. 2.1.1 Individual financial capacity
+ Savings (past)
+ Income (present)
+ Access to credits (future)
Individual financial capacity
20. CHILE: 14,900 US dollar HAITI: 1,300 US dollar
+ Savings (past)
+ Savings (past)
+ Income (present)
+ Income (present)
+ Access to credits (future)
+ Access to credits (future)
financial capacity of the rich > financial capacity of the poor
*Difference between individuals in Rich and Poor Nation
*Difference between Rich and Poor individuals within a Nation
21. 2.1.2 Public financial capacity
+ Savings (past)
+ National GDP (present)
+ Access to International credits (future)
National financial capacity
*Differences at a National, Regional, Local scale
22. 2.1.3 Insurance coverage
CHILE HAITI
-Transport Infrastructure Medium Low
Public
-Public Buildings Low Low
-Business Medium-Low Low
Private
-Houses= Formal, Informal Medium-Low Low
26. 2.2 Institutional Capacity
-International help
-National: Vertical, Horizontal,
State
International
vertical
horizontal
city city
27. horizontal vertical
Santiago
State
Concepción
International
28. horizontal vertical
Port-au-Prince
State
Jacmel
International
29. Opportunistic behaviour
2.3 Social factors “Atemorizados, los ciudadanos de ese barrio y de sus alrededores se andan por las
calles con palos, hierros, bates de béisbol, cuchillos e
incluso escopetas para proteger sus casas”
La Tercera, 2 March 2010
“Piñera critica errores del gobierno de Bachelet
tras el terremoto”
La Tercera, 3th March 2010
0 1
0 1
0
1
1 2
33. Remark Section 1:
Clear correlation between poverty and vulnerability/reaction
Vulnerability Factors >>
poor nations than rich nations
More vulnarable the poor than the rich within a nation
the poor than the rich within a city
the women than the men within a household
Reaction Factors >>
poor nations than rich nations
Less capacity to poor than the rich within a nation
recover poor than the rich within a city
men than women?
34. 3. Chain effects
“No necesitamos ayuda internacional”
(Bachelet, February 2010)
“...Traditional measures of geological or hydro meteorological intensity,
casualty rates, even the numbers of people made homeless, are not the
appropriate indicators of a need for outside aid.” (Comerio, Mary 1997:324)
36. Telecom
Victims
Electricity
Water
Police
Hospitals
Transport Firemen
Quake
Network
Housing
damage
Retail Industry
Business
37. 15
Telecom
Victims
Electricity
Water
Police
Hospitals
Transport Firemen
Quake
Network
Housing
damage
Retail Industry
Business
38. Tsunami
Telecom
Victims
Electricity
Water
Police
Hospitals
Transport Firemen
Quake
Network
Housing
damage
Retail Industry
Business
39. Tsunami
Lack
No Water reaction
capacity
Victims Telecom Victims
Victims
Electricity
Water
Police
Isolation Hospitals
Transport Firemen
Quake Trapped
Network
Housing
damage
No Water Retail Industry
Business lack of shelter
No Food
No productivity
Uncertainty
40. Tsunami
Lack
No Water reaction
capacity
Victims Telecom Victims
Victims
Electricity
Water
Police
Isolation Hospitals
Transport Firemen
Quake Trapped
Network
Housing
damage
No Water Retail Industry
Business lack of shelter
No Food
No productivity
Uncertainty
41. Diseases
Water
Telecom
Electricity
Tsunami
Lack
No Water reaction Victims +
capacity Putrefaction
Victims Telecom Victims
Victims
Electricity
Water
Police Displacement
Isolation Hospitals
Lack Firemen Urb-Rural
Transport
reaction Quake Trapped Migration
Network
capacity Housing
damage
No Water Retail Industry No S /
Business lack of shelter Increase D
Local No Food Informal
economy
Inflation No productivity
Uncertainty
Reactivation
Industry
Fall Stock destroyed
Social
Exchange
disorder
42. Diseases
Water
Telecom
Electricity
Tsunami
Lack
No Water reaction Victims +
capacity Putrefaction
Victims Telecom Victims
Victims
Electricity
Water
Police Displacement
Isolation Hospitals
Lack Firemen Urb-Rural
Transport
reaction Quake Trapped Migration
Network
capacity Housing
damage
No Water Retail Industry No S /
Business lack of shelter Increase D
Local No Food Informal
economy
Inflation No productivity
Uncertainty
Reactivation
Industry
Fall Stock destroyed
Social
Exchange
disorder
43. Diseases
Water
Telecom
Electricity
Tsunami
Victims +
Lack
reaction disappeared
No Water Victims +
capacity Putrefaction
Victims Telecom Victims
Victims
Electricity
Rural
Water
Police Displacement Overpopulation
Isolation Hospitals
Lack Firemen Urb-Rural
Transport
reaction Quake Trapped Migration
Network
capacity Housing
damage Increase
No Water Retail Industry Prices
No S /
Business lack of shelter Increase D
Local No Food Informal
economy
Inflation No productivity
Uncertainty
Reactivation Firms
Industry disappeared
Fall Stock destroyed Firms
Social
Exchange
disorder Relocation
Nat. internat.
Political
Lack FDI outflow
disorder
reaction Political
capacity Instability
44. Diseases
Water
Telecom
Electricity
Tsunami
Victims +
Lack
reaction disappeared
No Water Victims +
capacity Putrefaction
Victims Telecom Victims
Victims
Electricity
Rural
Water
Police Displacement Overpopulation
Isolation Hospitals
Lack Firemen Urb-Rural
Transport
reaction Quake Trapped Migration
Network
capacity Housing
damage Increase
No Water Retail Industry Prices
No S /
Business lack of shelter Increase D
Local No Food Informal
economy
Inflation No productivity
Uncertainty
Reactivation Firms
Industry disappeared
Fall Stock destroyed Firms
Social
Exchange
disorder Relocation
Nat. internat.
Political
Lack FDI outflow
disorder
reaction Political
capacity Instability
45. Diseases
Water
Telecom
Electricity
Tsunami
Victims +
Lack
reaction disappeared
No Water Victims +
capacity Putrefaction
Victims Telecom Victims
Victims
Electricity
Rural
Water
Police Displacement Overpopulation
Isolation Hospitals
Lack Firemen Urb-Rural
Transport
reaction Quake Trapped Migration
Network
capacity Housing
damage Increase
No Water Retail Industry Prices
No S /
Business lack of shelter Increase D
Local No Food Informal
economy
Inflation No productivity
Uncertainty
Reactivation Firms
Industry disappeared
Fall Stock destroyed Firms
Social
Exchange
disorder Relocation
Nat. internat.
Political Reg+Nat
Lack FDI outflow
disorder Unemployment
reaction Political
capacity Instability
46. Diseases
Water
Telecom
Electricity
Tsunami
Victims +
Lack
reaction disappeared
No Water Victims +
capacity Putrefaction
Victims Telecom Victims
Victims
Electricity
Rural
Water
Police Displacement Overpopulation
Isolation Hospitals
Lack Firemen Urb-Rural
Transport
reaction Quake Trapped Migration
Network
capacity Housing
damage Increase
No Water Retail Industry Prices
No S /
Business lack of shelter Increase D
Local No Food Informal
economy
Inflation No productivity
Uncertainty
Reactivation Firms
Industry disappeared
Fall Stock destroyed Firms
Social
Exchange
disorder Relocation
Nat. internat.
Political Reg+Nat
Lack FDI outflow
disorder Unemployment
reaction Political
capacity Instability
47. Diseases
Water
Telecom
Electricity
Tsunami
Victims +
Lack
reaction disappeared
No Water Victims +
capacity Putrefaction
Victims Telecom Victims
Victims
Electricity
Rural
Water
Police Displacement Overpopulation
Isolation Hospitals
Lack Firemen Urb-Rural
Transport
reaction Quake Trapped Migration
Network
capacity Housing
damage Increase
No Water Retail Industry Prices
No S /
Business lack of shelter Increase D
Local No Food Informal
economy
Inflation No productivity
Uncertainty
Reactivation Firms
Industry disappeared
Fall Stock destroyed Firms Informal
Social
Exchange eco
disorder Relocation
Nat. internat.
Political Reg+Nat
Lack FDI outflow
disorder Unemployment
reaction Political Fall GDP
capacity Instability
48. Diseases
Water
Telecom
Electricity
Tsunami
Victims +
Lack
reaction disappeared
No Water Victims +
capacity Putrefaction
Victims Telecom Victims
Victims
Electricity
Rural
Water
Police Displacement Overpopulation
Isolation Hospitals
Lack Firemen Urb-Rural
Transport
reaction Quake Trapped Migration
Network
capacity Housing
damage Increase
No Water Retail Industry Prices
No S /
Business lack of shelter Increase D
Local No Food Informal
economy
Inflation No productivity
Uncertainty
Reactivation Firms
Industry disappeared
Fall Stock destroyed Firms Informal
Social
Exchange eco
disorder Relocation
Nat. internat.
Political Reg+Nat
Lack FDI outflow
disorder Unemployment
reaction Political Fall GDP
capacity Instability
49. Diseases
Water
Telecom
Electricity
Tsunami
Victims +
Lack
reaction disappeared
No Water Victims +
capacity Putrefaction
Victims Telecom Victims
Victims
Electricity
Rural
Water
Police Displacement Overpopulation
Isolation Hospitals
Lack Firemen Urb-Rural
Transport
reaction Quake Trapped Migration
Network
capacity Housing
damage Increase
No Water Retail Industry Prices
No S /
Business lack of shelter Increase D
Local No Food Informal
economy
Inflation No productivity
Uncertainty
Reactivation Firms
Industry disappeared
Fall Stock destroyed Firms Informal
Social
Exchange eco
disorder Relocation
Nat. internat.
Political Reg+Nat
Lack FDI outflow
disorder Unemployment
reaction Political Fall GDP
capacity Instability
50. Diseases
Water
Telecom
Electricity
Tsunami
Victims +
Lack
reaction disappeared
No Water Victims +
capacity Putrefaction
Victims Telecom Victims
Victims
Electricity
Rural
Water
Police Displacement Overpopulation
Isolation Hospitals
Lack Firemen Urb-Rural
Transport
reaction Quake Trapped Migration
Network
capacity Housing
damage Increase
No Water Retail Industry Prices
No S /
Business lack of shelter Increase D
Local No Food Informal
economy
Inflation No productivity
Uncertainty
Reactivation Firms
Industry disappeared
Fall Stock destroyed Firms Informal
Social
Exchange eco
disorder Relocation
Nat. internat.
Political Reg+Nat
Lack FDI outflow
disorder Unemployment
reaction Political Fall GDP
capacity Instability
51. 1.Victims and housing issues
Rural-urban
links
Victims
Trapped Rural
Displacement Overpopulation
Trapped Urb-Rural
Quake Tsunami Migration
Housing
Affordabili
loss
damage Increase
Housing No S / Prices
damage lack of shelter Increase D
Temporary Informal
shelter shelter
Formal
shelter
52. 1.Victims and housing issues
1. First housing damage resulting in first victims and potential victims trapped
Rural-urban
links
Victims
Trapped Rural
Displacement Overpopulation
Trapped Urb-Rural
Quake Tsunami Migration
Housing
Affordabili
loss
damage Increase
Housing No S / Prices
damage lack of shelter Increase D
Temporary Informal
shelter shelter
Formal
shelter
53. 1.Victims and housing issues
1. First housing damage resulting in first victims and potential victims trapped
2. Tsunami Rural-urban
links
Victims
Trapped Rural
Displacement Overpopulation
Trapped Urb-Rural
Quake Tsunami Migration
Housing
Affordabili
loss
damage Increase
Housing No S / Prices
damage lack of shelter Increase D
Temporary Informal
shelter shelter
Formal
shelter
54. 1.Victims and housing issues
1. First housing damage resulting in first victims and potential victims trapped
2. Tsunami
Rural-urban
3. Second housing damage links
Victims
Trapped
and more victims Rural
Displacement Overpopulation
Trapped Urb-Rural
Quake Tsunami Migration
Housing
Affordabili
loss
damage Increase
Housing No S / Prices
damage lack of shelter Increase D
Temporary Informal
shelter shelter
Formal
shelter
55. 1.Victims and housing issues
1. First housing damage resulting in first victims and potential victims trapped
2. Tsunami
Rural-urban
3. Second housing damage links
Victims
Trapped
and more victims Rural
Displacement Overpopulation
4. Lack of shelter: (WBIEG, 2006)
Quake
Trapped Urb-Rural
Tsunami Migration
Affordabili
need of temporary-informal Housing
loss
damage Increase
Housing No S / Prices
shelter. It may become permanent damage lack of shelter Increase D
in the long run (Chile, Haiti?) Temporary Informal
shelter shelter
Formal
shelter
56. 1.Victims and housing issues
1. First housing damage resulting in first victims and potential victims trapped
2. Tsunami
Rural-urban
3. Second housing damage links
Victims
Trapped
and more victims Rural
Displacement Overpopulation
4. Lack of shelter: (WBIEG, 2006)
Quake
Trapped Urb-Rural
Tsunami Migration
Affordabili
need of temporary-informal Housing
loss
damage Increase
Housing No S / Prices
shelter. It may become permanent damage lack of shelter Increase D
in the long run (Chile, Haiti?) Temporary Informal
shelter shelter
Formal
shelter
57. 1.Victims and housing issues
1. First housing damage resulting in first victims and potential victims trapped
2. Tsunami
Rural-urban
3. Second housing damage links
Victims
Trapped
and more victims Rural
Displacement Overpopulation
4. Lack of shelter: (WBIEG, 2006)
Quake
Trapped Urb-Rural
Tsunami Migration
Affordabili
need of temporary-informal Housing
loss
damage Increase
Housing No S / Prices
shelter. It may become permanent damage lack of shelter Increase D
in the long run (Chile, Haiti?) Temporary Informal
shelter shelter
Formal
shelter
58. 1.Victims and housing issues
1. First housing damage resulting in first victims and potential victims trapped
2. Tsunami
Rural-urban
3. Second housing damage links
Victims
Trapped
and more victims Rural
Displacement Overpopulation
4. Lack of shelter: (WBIEG, 2006)
Quake
Trapped Urban-Rural
Tsunami Migration
Affordabili
need of temporary-informal Housing
loss
damage Increase
Housing No S / Prices
shelter. It may become permanent damage lack of shelter Increase D
in the long run (Chile, Haiti?) Temporary Informal
shelter shelter
5. Displacement, urban-rural migration
Formal
and activation of rural-urban linkages (in an opposite way) shelter
59. 1.Victims and housing issues
1. First housing damage resulting in first victims and potential victims trapped
2. Tsunami
Rural-urban
3. Second housing damage links
Victims
Trapped
and more victims Rural
Displacement Overpopulation
4. Lack of shelter: (WBIEG, 2006)
Quake
Trapped Urban-Rural
Tsunami Migration
Affordabili
need of temporary-informal Housing
loss
damage Increase
Housing No S / Prices
shelter. It may become permanent damage lack of shelter Increase D
in the long run (Chile, Haiti?) Temporary Informal
shelter shelter
5. Displacement, urban-rural migration
Formal
and activation of rural-urban linkages (in an opposite way) shelter
6. Rural overpopulation threatening the communities sustainability (environment
degradation and increase in vulnerability)
60.
61.
62. 1.Victims and housing issues
1. First housing damage resulting in first victims and potential victims trapped
2. Tsunami
Rural-urban
3. Second housing damage links
Victims
Trapped
and more victims Rural
Displacement Overpopulation
4. Lack of shelter: (WBIEG, 2006)
Quake
Trapped Urban-Rural
Tsunami Migration
Affordabili
need of temporary-informal Housing
loss
damage Increase
Housing No S / Prices
shelter. It may become permanent damage lack of shelter Increase D
in the long run (Chile, Haiti?) Temporary Informal
shelter shelter
5. Displacement, urban-rural migration
Formal
and activation of rural-urban linkages (in an opposite way) shelter
6. Rural overpopulation threatening the communities sustainability (environment
degradation and increase in vulnerability)
5. An increase in demand and a lack of supply leads to an increase of prices (Gilbert, 2001)
63. 1.Victims and housing issues
1. First housing damage resulting in first victims and potential victims trapped
2. Tsunami
Rural-urban
3. Second housing damage links
Victims
Trapped
and more victims Rural
Displacement Overpopulation
4. Lack of shelter: (WBIEG, 2006)
Quake
Trapped Urban-Rural
Tsunami Migration
Affordabili
need of temporary-informal Housing
loss
damage Increase
Housing No S / Prices
shelter. It may become permanent damage lack of shelter Increase D
in the long run (Chile, Haiti?) Temporary Informal
shelter shelter
5. Displacement, urban-rural migration
Formal
and activation of rural-urban linkages (in an opposite way) shelter
6. Rural overpopulation threatening the communities sutainability (environment
degradation and increase in vulnerability)
5. An increase in demand and a lack of supply leads to an increase of prices and exclusion
of the poor from the housing market (Gilbert, 2001)
64. 2.Economic impacts
Rural
Overpopulation
Quake
Industry
Business Tsunami Victims
Informal
economy
No productivity
Reactivation Firms
Industry disappeared
Informal
Fall Stock destroyed Firms economy
Exchange
Relocation
Nat. internat.
Reg+Nat
FDI outflow
Unemployment
Fall GDP
65. 2.Economic impacts
1. Immediate destruction of the industries and the business sectors
Rural
Overpopulation
Quake
Industry
Business Tsunami Victims
Informal
economy
No productivity
Reactivation Firms
Industry disappeared
Informal
Fall Stock destroyed Firms economy
Exchange
Relocation
Nat. internat.
Reg+Nat
FDI outflow
Unemployment
Fall GDP
66. 2.Economic impacts
1. Immediate destruction of the industries and the business sectors
2. Productivity ceases
Rural
Overpopulation
Quake
Industry
Business Tsunami Victims
Informal
economy
No productivity
Reactivation Firms
Industry disappeared
Informal
Fall Stock destroyed Firms economy
Exchange
Relocation
Nat. internat.
Reg+Nat
FDI outflow
Unemployment
Fall GDP
67. 2.Economic impacts
1. Immediate destruction of the industries and the business sectors
2. Productivity ceases
3. Impacts on the Stock Exchange (Chile: cement industries up)
4. First signs reactivation Rural
Overpopulation
Quake
Industry
Business Tsunami Victims
Informal
economy
No productivity
Reactivation Firms
Industry disappeared
Informal
Fall Stock destroyed Firms economy
Exchange
Relocation
Nat. internat.
Reg+Nat
FDI outflow
Unemployment
Fall GDP
68. 2.Economic impacts
1. Immediate destruction of the industries and the business sectors
2. Productivity ceases
3. Impacts on the Stock Exchange (Chile: cement industries up)
4. First signs reactivation Rural
Overpopulation
5. Risk of investment
Quake
outflow due to affected SE
6. Firms relocate Industry
Business Tsunami Victims
nationally and internationally Informal
economy
No productivity
Reactivation Firms
Industry disappeared
Informal
Fall Stock destroyed Firms economy
Exchange
Relocation
Nat. internat.
Reg+Nat
FDI outflow
Unemployment
Fall GDP
69. 2.Economic impacts
1. Immediate destruction of the industries and the business sectors
2. Productivity ceases
3. Impacts on the Stock Exchange (Chile: cement industries up)
4. First signs reactivation Rural
Overpopulation
5. Risk of investment
Quake
outflow due to affected SE
6. Firms relocate Industry
Business Tsunami Victims
nationally and internationally Informal
economy
No productivity
7. Growth of regional and national
unemployment in the long run Reactivation Firms
Industry disappeared
Informal
Fall Stock destroyed Firms economy
Exchange
Relocation
Nat. internat.
Reg+Nat
FDI outflow
Unemployment
Fall GDP
70. 2.Economic impacts
1. Immediate destruction of the industries and the business sectors
2. Productivity ceases
3. Impacts on the Stock Exchange (Chile: cement industries up)
4. First signs reactivation Rural
Overpopulation
5. Risk of investment
Quake
outflow due to affected SE
6. Firms relocate Industry
Business Tsunami Victims
nationally and internationally Informal
economy
No productivity
7. Growth of regional and national
unemployment in the long run Reactivation Firms
Industry disappeared
8. Overall fall in the GDP Fall Stock destroyed Firms
Informal
economy
Exchange
Relocation
“The long-term outlook for Haiti’s
Nat. internat.
Reg+Nat
economy won’t be known until the crisis subsides” FDI outflow
Unemployment
Fall GDP
(msnbc news, 2010)
71. 2.Economic impacts
1. Immediate destruction of the industries and the business sectors
2. Productivity ceases
3. Impacts on the Stock Exchange (Chile: cement industries up)
4. First signs reactivation Rural
Overpopulation
5. Risk of investment
Quake
outflow due to affected SE
6. Firms relocate Industry
Business Tsunami Victims
nationally and internationally Informal
economy
No productivity
7. Growth of regional and national
unemployment in the long run Reactivation Firms
Industry disappeared
8. Overall fall in the GDP Fall Stock destroyed Firms
Informal
economy
Exchange
Relocation
9. Of course, all relates to the
Nat. internat.
Reg+Nat
enormous losses of population FDI outflow
Unemployment
Fall GDP
72. 2.Economic impacts
1. Immediate destruction of the industries and the business sectors
2. Productivity ceases
3. Impacts on the Stock Exchange (Chile: cement industries up)
4. First signs reactivation Rural
Overpopulation
5. Risk of investment
Quake
outflow due to affected SE
6. Firms relocate Industry
Business Tsunami Victims
nationally and internationally Informal
economy
No productivity
7. Growth of regional and national
unemployment in the long run Reactivation Firms
Industry disappeared
8. Overall fall in the GDP Fall Stock destroyed Firms
Informal
economy
Exchange
Relocation
9. Of course, all relates to the
Nat. internat.
Reg+Nat
enormous losses of population FDI outflow
Unemployment
Fall GDP
73. 2.Economic impacts informal economy
Rural
Overpopulation
Quake
Industry
Business Tsunami Victims
Informal
economy
No productivity
Reactivation Firms
Industry disappeared
Informal
Fall Stock destroyed Firms economy
Exchange
Relocation
Nat. internat.
Reg+Nat
FDI outflow
Unemployment
Fall GDP
74. Economic impacts in the short term
_ Informal sector gains and becomes literally the only way to survive
Rural
Overpopulation
Quake
Industry
Business Tsunami Victims
Informal
economy
No productivity
Reactivation Firms
Industry disappeared
Informal
Fall Stock destroyed Firms economy
Exchange
Relocation
Nat. internat.
Reg+Nat
FDI outflow
Unemployment
Fall GDP
75. 2.Economic impacts
_ Informal sector gains and becomes literally the only way to survive
_Providing informal livelihoods opportunities
essential to recover (WB, 2006):
Economic recovery Rural
Overpopulation
but also….
Quake
psychological
Industry
Business Tsunami Victims
Informal
economy
No productivity
Reactivation Firms
Industry disappeared
Informal
Fall Stock destroyed Firms economy
Exchange
Relocation
Nat. internat.
Reg+Nat
FDI outflow
Unemployment
Fall GDP
76. 2.Economic impacts
_ Informal sector gains and becomes literally the only way to survive
_Providing informal livelihoods opportunities
essential to recovery (WB, 2006):
Economic recovery Rural
Overpopulation
but also….
Quake
psychological
Industry
_In the case of Haiti Business Tsunami Victims
the most prominent sectors are: Informal
economy
No productivity
_Mobile barbers
Reactivation Firms
_Improvised phone booths
Industry disappeared
Informal
_Hot dog stalls and furniture Fall Stock destroyed Firms economy
Exchange
Relocation
Nat. internat.
Reg+Nat
FDI outflow
Let’s visit Mr Jules in Rua Grande… Unemployment
Fall GDP
http://transformationallogistics.wordpress.com/2010/01/27/haiti-and-the-informal-response/
77. Hoping for costumers in Haiti (providing a livelihood )
“Mr. Jules, 48, home gone, several relatives dead, goes to the Grand Rue with Mr Frade
to move from grieving to doing. “You never know, maybe someone will come and buy
something”. He smiled, then added “Unfortunately, though, they never do””
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2010/02/07/world/grand-rue-pano.html