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Terminology: tips and tricks to boost your terminology work
Terminology management involves systematically collecting, processing, classifying, and consistently applying terms from specialized fields. It is a time-consuming but high-return process. Terminology work includes researching terms, extracting them from texts, describing them electronically in databases, implementing them across translations for quality assurance, and maintaining the databases. There are various techniques for performing terminology work efficiently such as using corpora, dictionaries, terminology databases, and tools for automatic, semi-automatic, and manual term extraction.
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Terminology: tips and tricks to boost your terminology work
- 1. TERMINOLOGY Tips and tricksto boost your terminology work Laura Ramírez Polo University of Illinois @kleinelaura
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- 3. 30-60 % 90% Timespent to solve terminological problems (Gornostay et al. 2010) Return on Investment On terminology management reported by some corporate studies (Childress,2007; Popiolek,2015) Terminology management In specialized translation Researching the specific terminology needed to complete any given translation can be a time-consuming and labour-intensive task (Bowker, 2014)Terminology work is “on backstage”, and customer or employers may not be fully aware of their benefits for QA. 3
- 4. Terminology is thediscipline concerned with the collection, processing, description and presentation of terms, which are lexical items belonging to a specialized subject field (e.g. medicine, law, engineering, library science or art history). Bower (2014) What is terminology? From the point of view of the translation and localization industry practitioners, terminology management can be more practically defined as the activity of systematically collecting, processing, classifying and consistently applying vocabulary that has specific meaning in a given subject field or context (terms) according to some governing methodology– Popiolek (2014) 4
- 5. Stages in theTerminology Process Setting up the infraestructure for managing terminology, doing term analysis and research, and recording that information MANAGEMENT Ensuring that appropriate terminology is used correctly and consistently throughout all the translated material; IMPLEMENTATION of an integrated terminology management data base – Ongoing maintenance and updating of terminology MAINTENANCE 5 Popiolek, 2014
- 6. PROCESSING DESCRIBINGCOLLECTING Putting theinformation in electronic format Term researchTerm extraction or analysis Terminology Management 6
- 7. Automatic Extraction Monolingual ATE Automatic extraction Bilingual ATEs(BATEs) Semi-automatic extraction Interactive extraction As you translate: monolingual extraction Manual extraction Collection: before or ad hoc Terminology Extraction or Analysis Before translating: monolingual extraction Tools for corpora analysis: monolingual extraction 7
- 8. Automatic Term Extraction 8 VargasSierra, C. (2016), Bilingual Terminology Extraction from TMX. A state-of-the-art overview, Forum Translating in Europe, 2016.
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- 11. Semi-automatic Term Extraction:Corpora 11
- 12. As you translate:Ad-hoc term analysis 12
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- 14. Dictionaries: monolingual, bilingual, general,specialized Terminology Databases: TERMCAT, IATE, UNTERM, WIPO Pearl etc. Other lexical resources: glossaries, vocabulary lists etc. Corpora: monolingual and aligned bilingual corpora Strategies for Term Research
- 15. 15 JAMES BOND CEO &FOUNDER Hi Everyone, we are Motagua Corp Google Custom Search Engines 15
- 16. 16 Site: Restricts the search toa site Boolean operators - OR “ “ * Related: List pages which Google consider to be related to another Ext: / Filetype: Restricts the results to a certain filetype Google Search Operators
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- 18. 18 To search for… Otherlexical and terminological resources Texts!
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- 20. 20 Start with lexicalresources Tensor Ajustador del cable Cable tensor Ajustador …
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- 23. 23 Always double-check withreal texts
- 24. 24 Use Google Imagesfor textual matches
- 25. 25 Beware of thesources Accesorios de Camping Tienda de campaña sujetador… …
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- 27. 27 Let’s look forreal (and reliable) texts!What about… catálogo accesorios camping site:es ext:pdf …
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- 30. 30 A dry downof cistus leaves and patchouli blended with creamy sandalwood creates a magnetic, empowering sensuality. Exhilarating. Powerful. Magnetic. A sensual woody fragrance, the juice opens with an inviting breath of freshness, and the spicy top note evolves into the arresting heart of sensual woods, with a dark sexy musky dry down. Mysterious. Masculine. Sexy. The importance of real texts
- 31. 31 Functional approach Use theterminology that your audience is used to…. Which might not always be the “right” terminology.
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- 34. 34 Other tricks If youhave an acronym, search the acronym with a possible translation. • certificate revocation list (CRL) • CRL AND certificado, CLR AND lista Search a specific term with a common term • Fiber pigtail • Fibra AND cable Use Global Gateways Change URLs Asks the experts!
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- 39. And after allthis work…Describe/Record Avoid using a Word Processor for Terminology Description Save your data, if possible in a Termbase. Use the plugins of CAT tools. If you don’t have Termbase software, use a Spreadsheet: you’ll be able to convert the data afterwards. If you find interesting glossaries online, try to convert them (e.g. Multiterm Convert, import functionalities in most CAT Tools). Some might require some preprocessing. Try to record all the information that you’ll need: the equivalent but also possibly a context? Cite the source if the database is going to be published. DESCRIBING Putting the information in electronic format
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- 41. v 41 It’s time toimplement the terminology… Term Recognition Terminology QA Excel Glossary Functionalities Terminology QA with external tools ApSIC XBench.
- 42. v 42 Maintenance Update your termbase . Checkfor inconsistencies Delete entries Be Smart
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- 45. 45 Arntz, R. (1993).Terminological equivalence and Translation, In erminology. Applications in interdisciplinary communication (pp 5-19). Bowker, L. (2014). Terminology and translation. In H. J. Kockaert & F. Steurs (Eds.), Handbook of terminology 1 (pp. 302-321). Childress, M. D. (2007). Terminology work saves more than it costs, InMultilingual April/May 2007 (pp 43-46). Gornostay, T. et al. (2010). Bridging the Gap–EuroTermBank Terminology Delivered to Users’ Environment. Proceedings of the 14th Annual European Association for Machine Translation (EAMT) Conference.. Popiolek, M. (2014). Terminology management within a translation quality assurance process. In H. J. Kockaert & F. Steurs (Eds.), Handbook of terminology 1 (pp. 341-359). Vargas Sierra, C. (2016), Bilingual Terminology Extraction from TMX. A state-of-the-art overview, Forum Translating in Europe, 2016. References
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Editor's Notes
- #5 As part of any translation project, translators must identify appropriate equivalents for the specialized terms that they encounter in a source text. In some cases, they must also take into account the particular terms preferred by their clients. Researching the specific terminology needed to complete any given translation can be a time-consuming and labour-intensive task, and it has long been recognized that it does not make sense to repeat this research when a new text needs to be translated. How many of you also record terms from the general language, or phraseology?
- #6 For QA process Terminology management – Setting up the infrastructure for managing terminology and using it within the QA process; 2. Implementing terminology management – Ensuring that appropriate terminology is used correctly and consistently throughout all the translated material; 3. Maintaining an integrated terminology management data base – Ongoing maintenance and updating of terminology