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Many Chains
Many Tokens
One Ecosystem
Sunny Aggarwal
Who am I?
Sunny Aggarwal
Researcher with Tendermint
Particular interests in Proof of Stake
and Blockchain Interoperability
Co-founder of Blockchain at Berkeley
Previously worked at ConsenSys
Teach a class at Berkeley on
Switzerland
&
Simplified Architecture
Networking
Consensus
Application
Ethereum
Networking
Consensus
Application (EVM)
dApp dAppdApp
Tendermint Core
Networking
Consensus
ABCI
Application
Tendermint Consensus
Consistent Proof of Stake BFT Consensus Algorithm
Can be used for both Public & Private Chains
Instant Finality
Highly Scalable
Guarantees safety in asynchronous & liveness in weakly
synchronous environments
Basis for other Proof of Stake systems like Casper
10 min
1-3 sec
Tendermint ABCI
Networking
Consensus
ABCI
Application
Tendermint ABCI
Networking
Consensus
ABCI
EVM
Ethermint
dApp dAppdApp
Tendermint ABCI
Networking
Consensus
ABCI
Plugins
Cosmos SDK
Plugins Plugins
Cosmos SDK
Cosmos Ecosystem
Cosmos Ecosystem
A
A
Cosmos Hub
Tendermint
Core
Tendermint
Core
Tendermint
Core
Tendermint
Core
EthermintChainMint
Private Chain
OmiseGO
Tendermint
Core
IBC
IBC IBC
IBC
Cosmos Ecosystem
Cosmos Ecosystem
Ethereum
A
A
Cosmos Hub
Tendermint
Core
TenTendermint
Core
Tendermint
Core
EtPeg Zone
Private Chain
O
Ten
IBC
IBC IBC
IBC
ETGate
An Internet of Blockchains
Scalability
Sovereignty
PrivacyDiversity
Security
Scalability
Vertical vs Horizontal
Scalability
Vertical scalability through
Proof of Stake, state channels,
recursive snarks, etc
Horizontal Scalability is
achieved through many chains
Scalability
Vertical Scalability
Tendermint Core can get over
1000s of tx/second with over
100 validators on 5 different
continents
Research on how to make this
even faster
Scalability
Horizontal Scalability
Application-based sharding
is logical as it minimizes
bottleneck
You only have to be a full
node for the applications
you care about
Diversity
Many applications
can be built with
Tendermint ABCI and
Cosmos SDK with
support for IBC
Diversity
Implementations in Go,
Rust, Python, C++,
Javascript, Java,
Ocaml, and Erlang
Connect existing
platforms like
Ethereum and Chain to
ABCI
Diversity
Connect existing
chains through
pegged bridge zones
Application-Specific Chains
Turing-Complete VMs are great
for prototyping and some use
cases
Most production DApps doesn’t
need to be on a Turing complete
chain
Flexibility can be achieved
through governance
Application-Specific Chains
Reduces attack surface
Efficiency gains due less
computational overhead
Fine tune to optimize for
your application
Interoperability
Just because chains are
separate, doesn’t mean
they can’t talk to each
other
Use IBC, a 2-way on-chain
light client protocol
Interoperability
Applications/Smart Contracts
on different chains can
interact with each other
Cosmos Hub allows for deep
integration of token economies
Token transfers, not just
basic token swaps
Sovereignty
Ethereum and
Ethereum Classic
cannot have the same
validator set
Private Chains can
interoperate with
Public Chains
Sovereignty
Can use community
power to achieve
greater security than
pure economic
incentives alone
Governance controlled
by community
Pooled Security
Optional pooled
security through
delegated consensus ->
good way to bootstrap
small public chains
One Ecosystem
Features of different existing
chains can be interoperated
Movement of
Value
Smart
Contracts
Bitcoin Transfer with Ethereum Smart Contracts
One Ecosystem
Specific tokens do not have to be limited to a specific
chain, but rather can be used across chains
One Ecosystem
Smart contracts on one chain can call contracts on another
One Ecosystem
Private chains can now interoperate with public chains
One Ecosystem
One Ecosystem
One Ecosystem
One Ecosystem
Decentralized exchanges can be done with
tokens across many different chains
One Ecosystem
Geographic sharding?
Thanks!
Any Questions?
@sunnya97 | sunny@tendermint.com | sunnya97@protonmail.ch | sunnya97.com

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Tendermint/Cosmos: Many Chains, Many Tokens, One Ecosystem