The document is an instruction manual for a Bushnell 78-9500 60mm Refractor telescope. It provides assembly instructions, descriptions of the telescope parts, tips for use, and warranty information. The manual instructs the user to never look directly at the sun as it can damage their eyes. It then provides guidance on starting use by focusing on bright night sky objects like the moon, Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, and Venus. Higher power eyepieces can reveal more detail on these objects. The equatorial mount allows manual tracking of celestial objects. Helpful hints recommend viewing from a dark location away from light pollution and waiting for objects to rise high in the sky for best views.
The document provides instructions for assembling and using a Celestron PowerSeeker 50 telescope. It includes descriptions of key parts like the altazimuth mount, eyepieces, and finderscope. It provides step-by-step instructions for setting up the tripod, attaching the telescope and accessories, focusing, and aligning the finderscope. It also discusses magnification calculations and includes safety warnings, specifications, and information about optional accessories.
The document provides instructions for properly using Celestron binoculars. It explains how to adjust the interpupillary distance and focus by moving the eyepieces and focusing wheel. The document also recommends keeping the optics clean and warns not to view the sun, as it can damage eyes. Users should contact customer service if any warranty or repair issues arise.
The document describes Michelson interferometer, an instrument invented by American physicist Albert Michelson. It splits a light beam into two parts which travel different paths before recombining to form an interference pattern. By moving one of the mirrors, the path difference between the beams can be adjusted precisely in increments of 1/4 the wavelength. This allows for extremely accurate measurements of wavelength and precise length measurements, such as Michelson's famous measurement of the speed of light. The interferometer played an important role in the development of classical physics in the late 19th century.
The document summarizes the basic components and use of a telescope. It discusses that a telescope has two main components - an objective lens or mirror that gathers light, and an ocular lens or eyepiece that is used for viewing. It also mentions that telescopes are used to magnify distant objects and make them appear clearer. The document provides additional details on magnification depending on the eyepiece and telescope focal lengths. It describes the use of a finder, which is a smaller attached telescope, to first locate objects before viewing them in the main telescope for a smaller field of view. It gives tips on focusing the telescope and changing eyepieces to achieve different magnifications.
The document provides an overview of how telescopes work, including their history and the key components and principles of refracting and reflecting telescopes. Refracting telescopes use lenses to bend light rays, while reflecting telescopes use mirrors. Both collect light to form a bright focal point that eyepieces then magnify to produce enlarged images for viewing. Larger apertures allow telescopes to collect more light and produce brighter images.
This manual provides instructions for using Bushnell Elite 3.5-21x50 and 4.5-30x50 tactical riflescopes with specific reticle designs. It describes the various parts of the scope including the fast focus eyepiece, power change ring, side focus adjustment, elevation and windage turrets, and sunshade. The document provides details on bore sighting and zeroing the scope, as well as specifics about the Mil Dot, G2DMR, H59, and TRMR2 reticle designs. Instructions are also given for setting and resetting the zero stop on Z-Stop models.
The document provides instructions for assembling and using a Celestron PowerSeeker 50 telescope. It includes descriptions of key parts like the altazimuth mount, eyepieces, and finderscope. It provides step-by-step instructions for setting up the tripod, attaching the telescope and accessories, focusing, and aligning the finderscope. It also discusses magnification calculations and includes safety warnings, specifications, and information about optional accessories.
The document provides instructions for properly using Celestron binoculars. It explains how to adjust the interpupillary distance and focus by moving the eyepieces and focusing wheel. The document also recommends keeping the optics clean and warns not to view the sun, as it can damage eyes. Users should contact customer service if any warranty or repair issues arise.
The document describes Michelson interferometer, an instrument invented by American physicist Albert Michelson. It splits a light beam into two parts which travel different paths before recombining to form an interference pattern. By moving one of the mirrors, the path difference between the beams can be adjusted precisely in increments of 1/4 the wavelength. This allows for extremely accurate measurements of wavelength and precise length measurements, such as Michelson's famous measurement of the speed of light. The interferometer played an important role in the development of classical physics in the late 19th century.
The document summarizes the basic components and use of a telescope. It discusses that a telescope has two main components - an objective lens or mirror that gathers light, and an ocular lens or eyepiece that is used for viewing. It also mentions that telescopes are used to magnify distant objects and make them appear clearer. The document provides additional details on magnification depending on the eyepiece and telescope focal lengths. It describes the use of a finder, which is a smaller attached telescope, to first locate objects before viewing them in the main telescope for a smaller field of view. It gives tips on focusing the telescope and changing eyepieces to achieve different magnifications.
The document provides an overview of how telescopes work, including their history and the key components and principles of refracting and reflecting telescopes. Refracting telescopes use lenses to bend light rays, while reflecting telescopes use mirrors. Both collect light to form a bright focal point that eyepieces then magnify to produce enlarged images for viewing. Larger apertures allow telescopes to collect more light and produce brighter images.
This manual provides instructions for using Bushnell Elite 3.5-21x50 and 4.5-30x50 tactical riflescopes with specific reticle designs. It describes the various parts of the scope including the fast focus eyepiece, power change ring, side focus adjustment, elevation and windage turrets, and sunshade. The document provides details on bore sighting and zeroing the scope, as well as specifics about the Mil Dot, G2DMR, H59, and TRMR2 reticle designs. Instructions are also given for setting and resetting the zero stop on Z-Stop models.
This document provides instructions for using Nightforce NXSTM 1-4x and 2.5-10x Compact riflescopes. It describes how to focus the reticle, adjust for parallax, use the illumination controls, replace batteries, install the riflescope, level the reticle, establish a sight-in zero, and make windage and elevation adjustments. The document contains diagrams and pictures to illustrate the different parts and adjustment features of the riflescopes.
The document provides an overview of microscopy, including:
1) Definitions of microscopy and related terms like magnification and resolution.
2) A brief history highlighting early pioneers like van Leeuwenhoek who made important early discoveries.
3) Descriptions of common microscope types like compound, phase contrast, and electron microscopes.
4) Explanations of key microscope components like the objective lens, eyepiece, stage, and illumination methods.
This document discusses telescopes and their components. It describes the main types of telescopes as refracting (using lenses) and reflecting (using mirrors) and compares their advantages. Bigger telescopes are generally better as they can collect more light, allowing fainter objects to be seen, and provide better resolution to see finer detail. However, viewing is impacted by turbulence in the atmosphere which causes images to twinkle. Putting telescopes at high altitudes improves viewing conditions by rising above much of the turbulent air. The document provides examples of different telescopes and their resolving powers based on aperture size.
The document provides an overview of how telescopes work, including their history and the key components and principles of refracting and reflecting telescopes. Refracting telescopes use lenses to bend light rays and form an image, while reflecting telescopes use mirrors. Both collect light and use additional lenses or mirrors to magnify the image for viewing. The size of the objective lens or mirror determines how much light is collected, while different eyepieces allow changing the magnification. Filters can enhance viewing of certain objects. Modern telescopes also observe wavelengths beyond visible light.
Telescopes use lenses or mirrors to magnify distant objects. There are two main types: refracting and reflecting. Refracting telescopes use lenses and have two main variants - astronomical/Keplerian and Galilean. The astronomical telescope uses a convex objective lens and concave eyepiece to produce an inverted and magnified final image. The Galilean telescope combines a convex objective and concave eyepiece to produce an upright final image without inversion. Reflecting telescopes use curved mirrors instead of lenses.
The document discusses two main types of telescopes - refracting and reflecting. A refracting telescope uses two lenses, a large objective lens that collects light and forms a real image, and an eyepiece lens that magnifies this image for viewing. A reflecting telescope uses a concave mirror instead of an objective lens, collecting light via reflection rather than refraction. Reflecting telescopes are commonly used for large astronomical telescopes as mirrors can be made larger than lenses.
Optical instruments use lenses to magnify objects or allow viewing of distant objects. Key instruments described include microscopes, telescopes, projectors, cameras, and the human eye. Microscopes have simple or compound lens configurations to produce magnified virtual images. Telescopes use objective and eyepiece lenses separated by the sum of their focal lengths to magnify distant objects. Projectors form enlarged, inverted, real images on screens. Cameras form diminished, inverted images on film. The human eye functions similarly to a camera but can change focal length through accommodation. Common vision defects and their lens-based corrections are also outlined.
This document summarizes various optical equipment including the eye, glasses, magnifying glasses, cameras, microscopes, and binoculars. It describes the basic components and purposes of each tool. For microscopes specifically, it provides the equations for calculating magnification with and without eye accommodation, and gives an example problem calculating microscope magnification. The document aims to explain the key optical devices used for vision and magnification.
The Bartlett Lighting Simulator at University College London comprises a large geodesic dome covered with 270 individually controlled compact fluorescent lamps that can accurately simulate different sky conditions. Built in 1998, the simulator uses frosted glass diffusers for the sky lamps and a parabolic reflector for the simulated sun. It can achieve calibrated luminance measurements and recreate various photometric parameters and sky profiles to simulate different sky conditions, seasons, and locations of the sun for lighting research and MSc module purposes.
There are two main types of telescopes: Keplerian/astronomical telescopes and Galilean telescopes. Keplerian telescopes produce an inverted image while Galilean telescopes produce an upright image. Telescopes can be modified to compensate for refractive errors by adding lenses or changing the tube length to allow viewing of objects that are not at optical infinity.
A telescope is an instrument that collects electromagnetic radiation to aid in observing distant objects. There are two main types of telescopes: refracting telescopes, which use lenses, and reflecting telescopes, which use mirrors. Refracting telescopes were invented first in 1608 and helped discoveries like Galileo's observation of Jupiter's moons, while reflecting telescopes were developed later due to producing clearer images. Both telescope types work by collecting and focusing light using the principles of refraction for lenses or reflection for mirrors to magnify distant objects.
The document compares how the eye and camera work to form images. Both have a lens that allows light to pass through and hit a light-sensitive surface - the retina in the eye and the image sensor in the camera - which records the light patterns to create the image. While the eye instantly processes images, the camera is able to retain much more visual detail by using a shutter release button to capture images.
The document discusses different types of telescopes and factors that impact their performance. It describes how the size of a telescope's aperture impacts its light-gathering power and angular resolution. Larger telescopes are able to see fainter objects but the atmosphere limits resolution to around 1 arcsecond. Techniques like adaptive optics and interferometry are discussed as ways to overcome atmospheric limitations and achieve higher resolutions than single large telescopes.
Telescopes use lenses or mirrors to make distant objects appear larger and closer. Refracting telescopes use lenses to bend and focus light, while reflecting telescopes use curved mirrors. Catadioptric telescopes combine mirrors and lenses. Telescopes are used to observe objects that are too far away to see clearly with the naked eye, without needing to physically get closer. The magnification of a telescope depends on the focal lengths of its objective lens and eyepiece. Larger aperture telescopes can capture more light but have limitations like chromatic aberration.
This document provides an overview of different types of telescopes, including refracting and reflecting telescopes, and discusses issues like aberration and how they are addressed. It also covers how telescopes are used to view fainter objects, the limits of angular resolution, and advanced optical telescope designs like the Cassegrain, catadioptric, and Schmidt telescopes. In particular, it notes that refracting telescopes can experience chromatic aberration which can be addressed using an achromatic lens, while reflecting telescopes are prone to spherical aberration addressed using a parabolic mirror.
Instruction Manual Vortex Razor HD Gen III 1-10X24 FFP | Vortex Optics | Opti...Optics-Trade
This document provides a product manual for the Razor HD Gen III riflescope from Vortex Optics. It includes specifications for the scope such as its length, weight, eye relief, magnification range, and battery type. It also provides detailed instructions on how to operate the scope's reticle focus, magnification adjustment, throw lever, turrets, parallax, and illumination settings. The document explains concepts like focal plane reticle types, arc measurement systems, bullet drop compensation, and proper scope mounting techniques.
This document provides information about borrowing a telescope from the Columbiana Library, including:
- Basic types of telescopes are refractors and reflectors.
- The telescope can be used to view planets, stars, galaxies, and nebulae with magnification up to 600x.
- Instructions are provided on setting up, using, transporting, and caring for the telescope properly and safely.
- Contact information is given for the Mahoning Valley Astronomical Society and the library if any issues arise during telescope use.
The document discusses different types of lenses and their uses for creative photography projects. Standard zoom lenses are for everyday portraits and family photos. Ultra-wide zoom lenses allow more area in focus with depth of field and small zoom adjustments. Fisheye lenses have a dramatic curved lens that gives images a hemispherical look, useful for landscapes. Wide-angle lenses expand the angle of view and depth of field in a compact size for portability. Telephoto lenses close in on distant subjects while capturing details. Super telephoto lenses zoom in from even farther for sports and wildlife shots. Macro lenses view subjects with previously unseen detail. Tilt-shift lenses allow selective focus through tilting and correcting converging lines through shifting.
Telescopes work by using lenses or mirrors to collect and focus light from distant objects. The objective lens or primary mirror gathers light and brings it to a focal point. An eyepiece then magnifies this focused light and spreads it over the retina of the eye. Telescopes have two main properties - aperture, which determines how much light is collected, and magnification, which is determined by the eyepiece. There are two main types of telescopes - refracting telescopes which use lenses, and reflecting telescopes which use mirrors. Electric focusers can precisely focus a telescope automatically.
This document contains an exam for Applied Chemistry-II, with three sections - Section A having short answer questions, Section B having short questions to attempt five of, and Section C having long answer questions to attempt two of. The document tests knowledge of chemistry topics like extraction of metals from ores, alloys, corrosion, composite materials, zone refining, and steel production processes.
This document provides instructions for using Nightforce NXSTM 1-4x and 2.5-10x Compact riflescopes. It describes how to focus the reticle, adjust for parallax, use the illumination controls, replace batteries, install the riflescope, level the reticle, establish a sight-in zero, and make windage and elevation adjustments. The document contains diagrams and pictures to illustrate the different parts and adjustment features of the riflescopes.
The document provides an overview of microscopy, including:
1) Definitions of microscopy and related terms like magnification and resolution.
2) A brief history highlighting early pioneers like van Leeuwenhoek who made important early discoveries.
3) Descriptions of common microscope types like compound, phase contrast, and electron microscopes.
4) Explanations of key microscope components like the objective lens, eyepiece, stage, and illumination methods.
This document discusses telescopes and their components. It describes the main types of telescopes as refracting (using lenses) and reflecting (using mirrors) and compares their advantages. Bigger telescopes are generally better as they can collect more light, allowing fainter objects to be seen, and provide better resolution to see finer detail. However, viewing is impacted by turbulence in the atmosphere which causes images to twinkle. Putting telescopes at high altitudes improves viewing conditions by rising above much of the turbulent air. The document provides examples of different telescopes and their resolving powers based on aperture size.
The document provides an overview of how telescopes work, including their history and the key components and principles of refracting and reflecting telescopes. Refracting telescopes use lenses to bend light rays and form an image, while reflecting telescopes use mirrors. Both collect light and use additional lenses or mirrors to magnify the image for viewing. The size of the objective lens or mirror determines how much light is collected, while different eyepieces allow changing the magnification. Filters can enhance viewing of certain objects. Modern telescopes also observe wavelengths beyond visible light.
Telescopes use lenses or mirrors to magnify distant objects. There are two main types: refracting and reflecting. Refracting telescopes use lenses and have two main variants - astronomical/Keplerian and Galilean. The astronomical telescope uses a convex objective lens and concave eyepiece to produce an inverted and magnified final image. The Galilean telescope combines a convex objective and concave eyepiece to produce an upright final image without inversion. Reflecting telescopes use curved mirrors instead of lenses.
The document discusses two main types of telescopes - refracting and reflecting. A refracting telescope uses two lenses, a large objective lens that collects light and forms a real image, and an eyepiece lens that magnifies this image for viewing. A reflecting telescope uses a concave mirror instead of an objective lens, collecting light via reflection rather than refraction. Reflecting telescopes are commonly used for large astronomical telescopes as mirrors can be made larger than lenses.
Optical instruments use lenses to magnify objects or allow viewing of distant objects. Key instruments described include microscopes, telescopes, projectors, cameras, and the human eye. Microscopes have simple or compound lens configurations to produce magnified virtual images. Telescopes use objective and eyepiece lenses separated by the sum of their focal lengths to magnify distant objects. Projectors form enlarged, inverted, real images on screens. Cameras form diminished, inverted images on film. The human eye functions similarly to a camera but can change focal length through accommodation. Common vision defects and their lens-based corrections are also outlined.
This document summarizes various optical equipment including the eye, glasses, magnifying glasses, cameras, microscopes, and binoculars. It describes the basic components and purposes of each tool. For microscopes specifically, it provides the equations for calculating magnification with and without eye accommodation, and gives an example problem calculating microscope magnification. The document aims to explain the key optical devices used for vision and magnification.
The Bartlett Lighting Simulator at University College London comprises a large geodesic dome covered with 270 individually controlled compact fluorescent lamps that can accurately simulate different sky conditions. Built in 1998, the simulator uses frosted glass diffusers for the sky lamps and a parabolic reflector for the simulated sun. It can achieve calibrated luminance measurements and recreate various photometric parameters and sky profiles to simulate different sky conditions, seasons, and locations of the sun for lighting research and MSc module purposes.
There are two main types of telescopes: Keplerian/astronomical telescopes and Galilean telescopes. Keplerian telescopes produce an inverted image while Galilean telescopes produce an upright image. Telescopes can be modified to compensate for refractive errors by adding lenses or changing the tube length to allow viewing of objects that are not at optical infinity.
A telescope is an instrument that collects electromagnetic radiation to aid in observing distant objects. There are two main types of telescopes: refracting telescopes, which use lenses, and reflecting telescopes, which use mirrors. Refracting telescopes were invented first in 1608 and helped discoveries like Galileo's observation of Jupiter's moons, while reflecting telescopes were developed later due to producing clearer images. Both telescope types work by collecting and focusing light using the principles of refraction for lenses or reflection for mirrors to magnify distant objects.
The document compares how the eye and camera work to form images. Both have a lens that allows light to pass through and hit a light-sensitive surface - the retina in the eye and the image sensor in the camera - which records the light patterns to create the image. While the eye instantly processes images, the camera is able to retain much more visual detail by using a shutter release button to capture images.
The document discusses different types of telescopes and factors that impact their performance. It describes how the size of a telescope's aperture impacts its light-gathering power and angular resolution. Larger telescopes are able to see fainter objects but the atmosphere limits resolution to around 1 arcsecond. Techniques like adaptive optics and interferometry are discussed as ways to overcome atmospheric limitations and achieve higher resolutions than single large telescopes.
Telescopes use lenses or mirrors to make distant objects appear larger and closer. Refracting telescopes use lenses to bend and focus light, while reflecting telescopes use curved mirrors. Catadioptric telescopes combine mirrors and lenses. Telescopes are used to observe objects that are too far away to see clearly with the naked eye, without needing to physically get closer. The magnification of a telescope depends on the focal lengths of its objective lens and eyepiece. Larger aperture telescopes can capture more light but have limitations like chromatic aberration.
This document provides an overview of different types of telescopes, including refracting and reflecting telescopes, and discusses issues like aberration and how they are addressed. It also covers how telescopes are used to view fainter objects, the limits of angular resolution, and advanced optical telescope designs like the Cassegrain, catadioptric, and Schmidt telescopes. In particular, it notes that refracting telescopes can experience chromatic aberration which can be addressed using an achromatic lens, while reflecting telescopes are prone to spherical aberration addressed using a parabolic mirror.
Instruction Manual Vortex Razor HD Gen III 1-10X24 FFP | Vortex Optics | Opti...Optics-Trade
This document provides a product manual for the Razor HD Gen III riflescope from Vortex Optics. It includes specifications for the scope such as its length, weight, eye relief, magnification range, and battery type. It also provides detailed instructions on how to operate the scope's reticle focus, magnification adjustment, throw lever, turrets, parallax, and illumination settings. The document explains concepts like focal plane reticle types, arc measurement systems, bullet drop compensation, and proper scope mounting techniques.
This document provides information about borrowing a telescope from the Columbiana Library, including:
- Basic types of telescopes are refractors and reflectors.
- The telescope can be used to view planets, stars, galaxies, and nebulae with magnification up to 600x.
- Instructions are provided on setting up, using, transporting, and caring for the telescope properly and safely.
- Contact information is given for the Mahoning Valley Astronomical Society and the library if any issues arise during telescope use.
The document discusses different types of lenses and their uses for creative photography projects. Standard zoom lenses are for everyday portraits and family photos. Ultra-wide zoom lenses allow more area in focus with depth of field and small zoom adjustments. Fisheye lenses have a dramatic curved lens that gives images a hemispherical look, useful for landscapes. Wide-angle lenses expand the angle of view and depth of field in a compact size for portability. Telephoto lenses close in on distant subjects while capturing details. Super telephoto lenses zoom in from even farther for sports and wildlife shots. Macro lenses view subjects with previously unseen detail. Tilt-shift lenses allow selective focus through tilting and correcting converging lines through shifting.
Telescopes work by using lenses or mirrors to collect and focus light from distant objects. The objective lens or primary mirror gathers light and brings it to a focal point. An eyepiece then magnifies this focused light and spreads it over the retina of the eye. Telescopes have two main properties - aperture, which determines how much light is collected, and magnification, which is determined by the eyepiece. There are two main types of telescopes - refracting telescopes which use lenses, and reflecting telescopes which use mirrors. Electric focusers can precisely focus a telescope automatically.
This document contains an exam for Applied Chemistry-II, with three sections - Section A having short answer questions, Section B having short questions to attempt five of, and Section C having long answer questions to attempt two of. The document tests knowledge of chemistry topics like extraction of metals from ores, alloys, corrosion, composite materials, zone refining, and steel production processes.
This document appears to be an exam for a course called English & Communication Skills-II at C.T Polytechnic College, Shahpur. It contains 3 sections - Section A with short answer questions, Section B with longer answer questions and directed writing tasks, and Section C with essay questions. Section A has 10 marks, Section B has 15 marks, and Section C has 20 marks, for a total of 45 marks. The exam covers topics like relationships, poetry analysis, memory, narration, idioms, and modes of communication.
The document is a request from Ms. Parwinder Kaur, a lecturer in the Engineering Physics lab at CT Institutions, to repair several broken instruments in the lab. She lists 9 items that are out of order and need repair, including digital balances, batteries, an extension board, and various apparatus. She requests that the repairs be fulfilled as early as possible.
The document is a teaching load schedule for the Applied Sciences department at CT Polytechnic College Shahpur for the session from January 2011 to May 2011. It lists the teaching loads in theory and practical classes per week for 13 faculty members across various subjects like E&CS-II, APP. MATH-II, APP. PHY-II, APP. CHEM-II, and BASIC CHEM. The total teaching hours per week for each faculty ranges from 20 to 22 hours.
The document discusses a universal charger proposal made to the GSMA in late 2008. The GSMA tasked OMTP to define technical requirements, and in December 2008 OMTP started work on the proposal. Version 1.0 was published in February 2009 and outlined a 3 part solution to standardize charger connectors, with a commitment to deliver the universal charger by 2012. The proposal aims to simplify and enhance the end user experience while being environmentally friendly.
The document analyzes the results of the first semester exams for various departments at CTPC Shahpur Applied Sciences Department. It provides data on the number of total students, number of passing students, number reappearing for exams, number absent, and pass percentage for different subjects like Engineering and Computer Science (E&CS), Physics, Math, Chemistry, and Education for departments like Civil Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Electronics and Communication Engineering, Computer Engineering, Information Technology, and Applied University Education. It then provides aggregate result data for the same subjects from the Punjab State Board of Technical Education (PSBTE).
This document contains a list of 35 equipment and apparatus needed for a physics laboratory along with their quantities, individual costs, and total costs. The total cost for all the items is Rs. 71602. Some of the major equipment listed include ghumther apparatus, cantilevers, optical benches, mercury lamps, digital lux meters, physical balances, vernier callipers, and compound microscopes. The document provides a detailed budget for setting up the physics lab.
This document contains the time table for the Applied Sciences department at CT Polytechnic College in Jalandhar for the second semester beginning May 16, 2011. It lists the course codes, classrooms, and time slots for different classes on each day of the week for various branches including civil, electrical, mechanical, computer, and information technology. Classes are scheduled from 9:00 am to 4:50 pm Monday through Friday with various lectures, workshops, labs, and other activities assigned to different time periods each day for each branch.
The document contains a duty roster assigning staff members from the Applied Sciences Department of CT Polytechnic College in Shahpur to morning and evening duties from March 9th to 11th, 2011. It lists 29 staff by name, their department, date of duty, and whether they are assigned to the morning or evening shift. Staff members from the Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Communication Engineering, and Civil Engineering departments are included. The note at the bottom specifies the reporting times as 9:15am for morning duties and 1:25pm for evening duties.
This document provides an instruction manual for the SkyProdigy 102 and SkyProdigy 6 computerized telescopes. It includes sections on assembly, attaching accessories like the eyepiece and finder scope, using the hand control interface, and basic telescope operation tips. The manual describes how to power the telescope, align it using the internal camera, focus images, and select and slew to celestial objects using the onboard database.
This document provides an overview of microscopy, including:
1. It defines microscopy as using an instrument called a microscope to view objects too small to see with the naked eye.
2. It describes some key parts and types of microscopes like compound, phase contrast, dark ground, and electron microscopes.
3. It explains concepts like magnification, resolution, and aberration that are important for microscopy.
1) There are three types of telescopic power: collecting power, which depends on aperture size; magnifying power, determined by the ratio of telescope focal length to eyepiece focal length; and resolving power, the ability to see fine detail which depends on optics quality.
2) The two main types of telescopes are refractors, which use lenses, and reflectors, which use mirrors and come in different styles like Newtonian, Cassegrain, and Dobsonian. Reflecting telescopes are preferred for astronomy as mirrors have advantages over large lenses.
3) Accessories like mounts, tripods, eyepieces, filters and computerized systems help stabilize images and enhance viewing of celestial
This document provides instructions for a lab activity introducing students to the proper use and handling of a compound light microscope. The lab involves learning the parts of the microscope and their functions, preparing wet mount slides, determining total magnification, and practicing focusing at low and high powers. Students will view a prepared slide of the letter "e", draw their observations, and answer conclusion questions about microscope techniques and concepts.
1. A petrological microscope is used to study thin sections of minerals and rocks. It magnifies objects and controls the direction of light vibrations.
2. The main parts of a petrological microscope include an ocular, objectives, rotating stage, condenser, polarizer, and analyzer which work together to illuminate and magnify thin sections for analysis.
3. Objectives are used for magnification and come in low, medium, and high powers while the ocular and stage facilitate viewing and rotating of thin sections under the microscope.
The document outlines the main parts of a microscope, including the eyepiece for viewing specimens, the revolving nosepiece for attaching different objectives or lenses, and the stage for holding specimens in place under the objectives. It also describes other key parts like the body tube connecting the eyepiece and nosepiece, coarse and fine adjustments for focusing, a condenser for illuminating specimens, and a mirror and diaphragm for controlling light. In total, the document identifies 14 main parts that make up a standard microscope.
The document outlines the main parts of a microscope, including the eyepiece for viewing specimens, the revolving nosepiece for attaching different objectives or lenses, and the stage for holding specimens in place under the objectives. It also describes other key parts like the body tube connecting the eyepiece and nosepiece, coarse and fine adjustments for focusing, a condenser for illuminating specimens, and a mirror and diaphragm for controlling light. In total, the document identifies 14 main parts that make up a standard microscope.
Astrophotography is the art of capturing images of celestial objects using a telescope and a camera. To get the best results, a telescope that is designed for astrophotography. The two main types of telescopes used for astrophotography are refractors and reflectors.
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Hahnenberg Observatory in Michigan presents information for those interested in building a domed observatory, learning about the different kinds of telescopes and CCD cameras available. Sample astrophotographs, and types of CCD software, are also included in the presentation.
This presentation talks about one of the most important technique in biology which is microscopy. The inclusions are the history of microscope, different types/kinds/classifications of microscope nowadays and the parts of a simple compound microscope
The contents of this presentation includes the history of telescope, types of telescopes: its definition, diagrams, uses, advantages and disadvantages.
The document provides an overview of microscopes, including their history and uses. It describes the key parts and functions of compound light microscopes, such as the mechanical and optical systems including objectives, eyepieces, stages, and condensers. Different types of lenses and their magnifications are discussed. The document also covers using microscopes properly, including focusing techniques and using immersion oil with high magnification objectives.
Best Telescopes For Viewing Planets And Galaxiesfirstnotifaction
the best telescopes for viewing planets and galaxies are those with large apertures, high-quality optics, and stable mounts. Telescopes such as the Sky-Watcher SkyMax 180 Pro Maksutov, Celestron Astro Fi 5 Schmidt-Cassegrain Wi-Fi system, Orion StarSeeker IV 150mm GoTo Mak-Cass Telescope, Explore Scientific Carbon Fibre 127mm triplet apo refractor, and Meade Series 6000 115mm apo refractor are excellent choices for those looking to observe and capture stunning images of celestial objects.
Visit - https://firstnotifications.com/2023/04/20/best-telescopes-for-viewing-planets-and-galaxies/
The document describes the parts and working of a polarizing microscope. It has optical components like polarizers, analyzers and lenses, and mechanical components like the rotating stage. Light from the specimen is polarized and its interaction with the optical components is used to identify properties of minerals and rocks. The polarized microscope allows examination of anisotropic materials and determination of their optical characteristics, which has applications in geology and mineral exploration.
There are three main types of telescopes: refracting telescopes, which use lenses; reflecting telescopes, which use curved mirrors; and catadioptric telescopes, which combine lenses and mirrors. Refracting telescopes were originally used in spyglasses and astronomical telescopes. Reflecting telescopes can have very large diameters because their design allows for large objective mirrors. Astronomers use telescopes because they can see more colors than the human eye, collect more light, see finer details, and record observations with cameras.
This document provides information about different types of telescopes. It describes refracting telescopes which use lenses, reflecting telescopes which use mirrors, and catadioptric telescopes which use a combination of lenses and mirrors. It explains the basic components and functions of telescopes, such as how they collect and focus light using objectives and eyepieces to magnify images. Examples are given of popular telescope models and some of the largest modern telescopes. The history of telescope development is briefly outlined from Galileo's early refracting telescopes to today's large research instruments.
Edwin Hubble used the 48-inch Palomar Telescope in 1949 to make discoveries. There are three main types of telescopes: refractors which use lenses, reflectors which use mirrors, and compound telescopes which use both lenses and mirrors. The aperture and focal length of a telescope determine its light gathering ability and magnification. Atmospheric conditions like light pollution, turbulence, and temperature affect telescope views.
A telescope is an instrument that gathers light from distant objects to make them appear closer. It uses lenses or mirrors to focus light and magnify views of planets, stars, comets, and other objects in space as well as wildlife on Earth. The main types are refracting telescopes, which use lenses, and reflecting telescopes, which use mirrors. Newer space and ground-based telescopes will provide clearer views deeper into the universe than ever before.
2. Never Look Directly At The Sun With
Your Telescope
Permanent Damage
To Your Eyes May Occur
2.
3. WHERE DO I START?
Your Bushnell telescope can bring the wonders of the universe to your eyes. While
this manual is intended to assist you in the set-up and basic use of this instrument,
it does not cover everything you might like to know about astronomy. Although
Northstar will give a respectable tour of the night sky, it is recommended you obtain
a very simple star chart and a flashlight with a red bulb or red cellophane over the
end. For objects other than stars and constellations, a basic guide to astronomy is
a must. Some recommended sources appear on our website at www.bushnell.com.
Also on our website will be current events in the sky for suggested viewing. But,
some of the standbys that you can see are:
The Moon—A wonderful view of our lunar neighbor can be enjoyed with any
magnification. Try viewing at different phases of the moon. Lunar highlands, lunar
maria (lowlands called "seas" for their dark coloration), craters, ridges and
mountains will astound you.
Saturn—Even at the lowest power you should be able to see Saturn’s rings and
moons. This is one of the most satisfying objects in the sky to see simply because
it looks like it does in pictures. Imagine seeing what you’ve seen in textbooks or
NASA images from your backyard!
Jupiter—The largest planet in our solar system is spectacular. Most noted features
are its dark stripes or bands both above and below its equator. These are the north
and south equatorial belts. Also interesting are Jupiter’s four major moons. Pay
close attention to their positions from night to night. They appear to be lined up on
either side of Jupiter.
Mars—The Great Red Planet appears as a reddish-orange disk. Look at different
times of the year and try to catch a glimpse of the white polar ice caps.
Venus—Just like the moon, Venus changes phases from month to month. At times
Venus appears brilliantly in the night sky, just as if you were looking at a distant crescent
moon.
Nebulae—The Great Orion Nebula is a very well known night sky object. This and many
others are brought to you by this telescope.
Star Clusters—View millions of stars densely packed in a cluster that resembles a ball.
Galaxies—One of the greatest and most interesting galaxies is our neighbor, the
Andromeda Galaxy. Enjoy this and many others.
3.
4. Parts Diagrams
78-9500 60mm Refractor
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3.
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5. 2.
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12.
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Telescope Parts Diagram
1. Red Dot Wide Field Finderscope 8. Accessory Tray
2. Eyepiece 9. Rack and Pinion Focusing Mechanism
3. Telescope Main Tube 10. Declination Lock Knob
4. 60mm Objective Lens 11. Counterweight Shaft
5. Latitude Lock Knob 12. Counterweight
6. Tripod Leg 13. Fine Adjustment Cables
7. Accessory Tray Braces
4.
5. QUICK ASSEMBLY DIAGRAM
78-9500 60mm
RefRactor
Step 2
Step 1
1. Spread tripod legs and attach accessory tray.
2. Attach telescope tube, finderscope, counterweight and fine
adjustment cables to pre-assembled Equatorial Mount
with pre-attached tripod legs.
PARTS LIST
• Adjustable Aluminum Tripod Assembly • Red Dot Wide Field Finderscope
(Three Legs)
• 20mm, 12mm, 4mm Eyepieces
• Accessory Tray
• Erect Image Eyepiece (For Land Use)
• Refractor Telescope Assembly
• Barlow Lens
• Equatorial Mount
5.
6. DETAILED ASSEMBLY
Remove all components from the carton and identify all components. READ THROUGH ASSEMBLY
INSTRUCTION BEFORE YOU ASSEMBLE YOUR TELESCOPE.
Attach Accessory Tray and Telescope
1. Fold down the accessory tray braces and place the Accessory Tray on top of braces. Attach
Accessory Tray with included three small accessory tray bolts and nuts.
2. Locate the pre-assembled Tripod and Equatorial Mount. Remove attachment bolts at top of
Equatorial Mount. Attach Telescope Main Tube to the top of the Equatorial Mount. Secure in place
by reinserting bolts through Equatorial Mount into base plate.
Attach Fine Adjustment Cables, Counterweight, and Finderscope
1. Locate the Fine Adjustment Cables. Screw the silver collars, located at the end of the Fine Adjustment
Cables, to the corresponding silver posts found on the Equatorial Mount.
2. Locate the Counterweight and Counterweight Shaft. Loosen the thumb screw located on the
Counterweight and slide the Counterweight onto the Counterweight Shaft, and tighten thumb screw to
secure the Counterweight. Thread the Counterweight Shaft into the hole located directly below the
Declination Lock Knob. Make sure that the shaft is securely locked into mount.
3. Locate the Finderscope with pre-assembled Finderscope Mount. Remove the two nuts located near
the front of the telescope (closet to the eyepiece) and place the Finderscope and Finderscope Mount
over the exposed screws. Replace the nuts, and securely tighten the Finderscope and Finderscope
Mount in place.
4. Adjust tripod leg height to suit by opening tripod leg lock and extending tripod legs to desired height.
TightenTripod Leg Lock when complete.
5. Remove objective dust cover ensuring that the entire diameter of the telescope tube is exposed.
6. Insert Eyepiece into Diagonal Mirror then both into the focusing tube to begin viewing.
6.
7. HOW TO USE YOUR NEW TELESCOPE
Selecting an Eyepiece
1. You should always start viewing with the lowest power eyepiece, which in this case is the
20 mm lens. Note: the base power of each eyepiece is determined by the focal length of the
telescope objective lens. A formula can be used to determine the power of each eyepiece:
telescope OBJECTIVE lens focal length divided by EYEPIECE focal length =
MAGNIFICATION (e.g. Using the 20 mm lens, a sample calculation would look like this:
700 mm / 20mm = 35x or 35 power. Telescope models will vary in focal length).
2. Included with this telescope is a Barlow lens. Barlow lenses are used to double or triple the
power of your telescope. Place your Barlow between the focusing tube and the eyepiece.
Using the example above, your 3x Barlow lens would give you a total power of 105x or
135 power. (35 x 3 = 105x or 105 power). The magnification calculation would look like this:
700 mm/ 20mm =35 power. 35 power x 3 = 105 power.
Focusing Telescope
1. After selecting the desired eyepiece, aim main telescope tube at a land-based target at least
200 yards away (e.g. a telephone pole or building).
2. Fully extend focusing tube by turning Rack and Pinion Focusing Mechanism.
3. While looking through selected eyepiece (in this case the 20 mm), slowly retract focusing tube
by turning Rack and Pinion Focusing Mechanism until object comes into focus.
Aligning Finderscope
1. Look through Main Telescope Tube and establish a well-defined target. (see Focusing
Telescope section)
2. Looking through Wide Field Finderscope, alternate tightening each Finderscope Adjustment
Screw until the red dot of Wide Field Finderscope are precisely centered on the same object
already centered in Main Telescope Tube's field of view.
3. Now, objects located first with the Wide Field Finderscope will be centered in the field of view
of the main telescope.
Never Look Directly At The Sun With
Your Telescope
Permanent Damage
To Your Eyes May Occur
7.
8. HOW TO USE YOUR NEW TELESCOPE (CONTINUED)
Understanding the Equatorial Mount
The Equatorial Mount is designed to move in any direction. It can be set to allow manual controls
to track the movements of celestial bodies across the sky. This is referred to as diurnal movement:
movement of celestial bodies in the direction opposite to that of the earth’s rotation and around
the earth’s axis.
By aligning the telescope’s polar axis at celestial North, you will place the telescope in parallel with
the earth’s axis and thus be able to locate stars in the sky based on star atlas information.
1. Set up the telescope at night. Loosen the Declination Lock Knob and rotate the telescope
around the declination axis until the arrow on the declination scale points to 90 degrees.
Tighten the Declination Lock Knob.
2. Look up the latitude of your area in any geographical atlas. Loosen the Latitude Lock Knob
and set the latitude scale to the correct latitude for your area. Aim the Finderscope at Polaris.
You will probably notice that Polaris is not dead center in the Finderscope’s field of view. This
is probably because your telescope is not absolutely level with the ground. Loosen the
Horizontal Axis Lock Knob again and turn the telescope so that it is directly aimed at Polaris.
Tighten both the Horizontal Axis Lock Knob and Latitude Lock Knob. Polaris is 1 degree from
the North celestial pole. Therefore, the sighting of stars will have to be slightly adjusted as you
locate them in the heavens.
LATITUDE
N N
EARTH’S AXIS
(CELESTIAL AXIS)
POLAR
AXIS
S S
POLAR AXIS & EARTH’S AXIS
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9. M
ENJOYING YOUR NEW TELESCOPE
1. First determine your targeted object. Any bright object in the night sky is a good starting
point. One of the favorite starting points in astronomy is the moon. This is an object sure
to please any budding astronomer or experienced veteran. When you have developed
proficiency at this level, other objects become good targets. Saturn, Mars, Jupiter, and
Venus are good second steps to take.
2. The first thing you need to do after assembling the telescope as planned is center the
desired object in the finderscope’s crosshairs. Provided you did a reasonable job aligning
the finderscope, a quick look through the main telescope tube at low power should reveal
the same image. With the lowest power eyepiece (the one with the largest number printed
on it) you should be able to focus the same image that you saw through the finderscope.
Avoid the temptation to move directly to the highest power. The low power eyepiece
will give you a wider field of view, and brighter image—thus making it very easy to
find your target object. At this point with a focused image in both scopes, you’ve passed
the first obstacle. If you don’t see an image after attempting to focus it in, you might
consider aligning your finderscope again. Once you pass this step, you will enjoy the time
spent ensuring a good alignment. Every object you center in the finderscope will be easily
found in the main telescope tube, which is important for continuing your exploration of
the night sky.
3. The low power eyepieces are perfect for viewing the full moon, planets, star clusters,
nebulae, and even constellations. These should build your foundation. However, for more
detail, try bumping up in magnification to higher power eyepieces on some of these
objects. During calm and crisp nights, the light/dark separation line on the moon (called the
"Terminator") is marvelous at high power. You can see mountains, ridges and craters jump
out at you due to the highlights. Similarly, you can move up to higher magnifications on the
planets and nebulae. Star clusters and individual stars are best viewed through the low
power no matter what.
4. The recurring astronomical theater we call the night sky is an ever-changing billboard. In
other words, the same movie doesn’t play all the time. Rather, the positions of the stars
change not only hourly as they seem to rise and set, but also throughout the year. As the
earth orbits the sun our perspective on the stars changes on a yearly cycle about that orbit.
The reason the sky seems to move daily just as the sun and the moon "move" across our
sky is that the earth is rotating about its axis. As a result you may notice that after a few
minutes or a few seconds depending on what power you are viewing at, the objects in your
telescope will move. At higher magnifications especially, you will notice that the moon or
Jupiter will "race" right out of the field of view. To compensate, just move your telescope to
"track" it in the necessary path.
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10. M
HELPFUL HINTS
1. Your telescope is a very sensitive instrument. For best results and fewer vibrations set your telescope up on a level location
on the ground rather than your concrete driveway or your wooden deck. This will provide a more stable foundation for viewing,
especially if you’ve drawn a crowd with your new telescope.
2. If possible view from a location that has relatively few lights. This will allow you to see much fainter objects. You’d be surprised
how much more you’ll see from your local lake or park when compared to a backyard in the city.
3. Using your telescope out a window is NEVER recommended.
4. View objects that are high in the sky if possible. Waiting until the object rises well above the horizon will provide a
brighter and crisper image. Objects on the horizon are viewed through several layers of earth’s atmosphere. Ever
wonder why the moon appears orange as it sets on the horizon? It’s because you are looking through a considerable
more amount of atmosphere than you would directly overhead. (Note: If objects high in the sky are distorted or wavy,
you are probably viewing on a very humid night.) During nights of unstable atmosphere, viewing through a telescope
can be frustrating if not impossible. Astronomers refer to crisp, clear nights as nights of "good seeing."
WARRANTY / REPAIR
Your Bushnell® telescope is warranted to be free of defects in materials and workmanship for the lifetime of the original
owner. The Lifetime Limited Warranty is an expression of our confidence in the materials and mechanical workmanship of
our products and is your assurance of a lifetime of dependable service.
If your telescope contains electrical components the electronic components are warranted to be free of defects in materials
and workmanship for one year after date of purchase.
In the event of a defect under this warranty, we will, at our option, repair or replace the product, provided that you return
the product postage prepaid. This warranty does not cover damages caused by misuse or improper handling, installation
or maintenance of the product.
Any return made under this warranty
must be accompanied by the items listed below:
1) A check in the amount of $15.00 to cover the cost of handling
2) Name and address for product return
3) An explanation of the defect
4) Product should be well packed in a sturdy outside shipping carton to prevent damage in
transit and return postage prepaid to the address listed below:
IN U.S.A. Send To: IN CANADA Send To:
Bushnell Performance Optics Bushnell Performance Optics
8500 Marshall Drive 25A East Pearce Street, Unit 1
Lenexa, Kansas 66214 Richmond Hill, Ontario L4B 2M9
For products purchased outside the United States and Canada please contact your local dealer for applicable warranty
information. This warranty gives you specific legal rights. You may have other rights which vary from country to country.
Copyright 2001 Bushnell Performance Optics
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