The document discusses teeth and oral care, dental procedures, and dental problems. It describes how teeth are made up of enamel, dentin, and other tissues that support chewing. It also discusses how teeth develop from cells in the embryonic mouth. Regular brushing and fluoride can prevent tooth decay caused by diets high in carbohydrates. Dental procedures like fillings, veneers, and bleaching aim to restore and enhance teeth. Common dental problems include tooth decay, sensitivity, abscesses, and issues caused by drugs, grinding, or wisdom teeth.

1. Шүд болон амны хөндийн арчилгаа нь
Teeth and Oral Care
Each tooth is covered by hard and mineralized enamel. Your teeth are supported by dentin, a mineralized connective
tissue that is supported also by a dental pulp, a soft connecting tissue. This mineralized connective tissue will let you
chew food because of its tough exterior. Cementum, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone, all composed of
connective tissues, supports your teeth by attaching it your jaw which gives its flexibility and sturdiness, enough to
endure mastication.
Your teeth start to develops on the embroyonic epithelial and neural crest, which is a consequent of mesenchymal
cells in your primitive mouth and begin interacting with each other. One significant aspect in your tooth development
is that these bio signals are constantly repeated prior to the key stages in the tooth development. These signals will
trigger tooth germs, epithelial cell differentiation in tooth buds as well as differentiation of these ameloblasts and
odontoblasts in the late stages.
Diet also takes a vital role in your oral health. Furthermore, research showed that high carbohydrate diets are
primarily the main culprit in causing tooth decay or caries. Since dietary habits are cultural in nature, it is hard to
modify it to inhibit tooth decay.
Regular brushing of teeth, correct brushing procedures, high fluoride content toothpaste and limited rinsing can
actually help fight off dental caries. Furthermore, regular oral care also needs regular check up with a dental
hygienist to advice patients of proper dental procedures.
Dental Procedures
The primary goal of these dental procedures is to refurbish and preserve your teeth. There are different methods
used on these procedures.
Topical fluoride applications are given to those who are at risk for dental caries or those teeth with smooth decayed
surface. These are relatively safe, highly effective and conventional treatment wherein toxicity is controllable.
For those are into sports, mouth guards are often used to avoid their mouth, tooth and dental tissues from injury.
Further studies showed that these mouth guards offer sturdy protection on the oral compartment.
Another dental procedure is through the use of Amalgram fillings. This material is used to restore your posterior
teeth due to its flexible recuperative material. There are diverse amalgram filling options that will have varying
results. Materials used are resin based composites, porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns, gold alloy restorations and other
ceramic restorations.
Another restorative material called Resin bonded porcelain veneer enhances your teeth’s appearance. Porcelain
laminate veneers, on the other hand, renews the anterior teeth
To cover up those carries with pits and fissues, oral hygienist uses dental sealants. However, this kind of procedure is
very expensive so it is only recommended to those who are high risk for dental caries.
For aesthetic purposes, teeth bleaching is done. This procedure will enhance your teeth’s color with whitening
toothpastes, scaling and polishing, enamel microbrasion and veneer and crown placement.
There are certain dental procedures that require surgery. Apicoectomy is done to extract the affected root tip along
with the tissues that surrounds it.

2. Autotransplantation with cryopreservation is the latest trend investigated as an improved alternative on implants.
Although still in the conceptual stage, bio tooth creation is another dental procedure that’s showing credibility but bio
production of tooth is still on its way to effective treatment.
Dental problems
Below are some of the many dental conditions with varying incidence.
Dental caries occurs often due to bacterial attacks from plaque which are formed by foods that causes tooth decay
and demineralization. Dental caries can be prevented but not recovered. Through proper oral care and regular dental
procedures, tooth decay can be prevented.
There is a condition called tooth sensitivity where sharp pains are caused by exposed dentin alone. This is frequent in
the premolars and canine area. Surgery, topical treatments and certain tooth pastes (dentrifices) are usually given to
clients suffering from this. These agents desensitize the pain making it bearable for client recovery.
Mouth abscesses is an infection that surrounds the tissues in the tooth. These happen because of tissue destruction,
tooth loss or widened infection from other parts of the body. Treatments are usually simple and used in other dental
conditions.
Involuntary grinding of teeth whether awake or asleep is a condition called Bruxism. This can cause severe dental
damage. This usually occurs in children but is often outgrown. Treatments rely largely on treating psychosomatic
factors, which is the main reason why clients grind their teeth.
Carious, periodontal, wisdom tooth and dental trauma origins are common dental emergencies which require
immediate attention from professional oral hygienist.
With an incomplete fracture on a vital posterior tooth that is connected to the dental and sometimes the pulp means
you have a cracked tooth. Occasional adjustments, restoration or endodontic treatments would help alleviate the
condition.
Dry socket disorder is an infectious type of dental condition that is created when a tooth is removed and occurs
mostly after wisdom tooth extraction. This condition is usually seen in women than men. Preventive treatment
includes use of antifibrinolytics agents, antiseptics as well as antibiotics.
When a wisdom tooth fails to erupt or function properly, this will cause dental problems. The cause of this condition
is due to space constraint. Although there is no unique treatment, this will require surgery or teeth extraction only
after careful deliberation.
Tooth abrasion is a destruction of your teeth but without carious. This is due to erosion from gastric, anorexia and
bulimic patients, those with unusual diets or exposed with acidic fumes. Due to increase consumption of soft drinks,
the young are commonly affected by this condition. Prevention is better than resorting to restorative treatments
which are quite expensive.
Tooth disorders that are drug induced involves discoloration, physical damage and tooth sensitivity alterations.
Common drugs that cause this condition are fluorides, tetracyclines, minocycline, ciprofloxacin, anticonvulsants and
chemotherapy drugs.