Teenage pregnancies and teenage motherhood are a cause for concern worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), about 16 million girls aging between 15 and 19 years and about one million girls younger than 15 years give birth every year . In this presentation you will read all about the teenage pregnancy.

1. HOW
BY: JESSA BLESS M. BAIR
WHAT RISK WHY
TEENAGE PREGNANCY
SIGN
ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY

2. CONTENTS
WHAT IS TEENAGE
PREGNANCY?
WHY DOES TEENAGE
PREGNANCY
HAPPEN?
SIGNS OF
BEINGTEENAGE
PREGNANCY
WHAT ARE THE
RISK/DANGER OF
TEENAGE
PREGNANCY?
How Can We Prevent Teenage
Pregnancy, RISK/DANGER IN
TEENAGE PREGNANCY
10 TIPS FOR
PARENTS TO HELP
THEIR CHILDREN
AVOID TEEN
PREGNANCY

3. What Is Teenage
Pregnancy (Adolescent
Pregnancy)?
Adolescent pregnancy, sometimes
referred to as teenage pregnancy, is
when a female teenager or young
adult is pregnant before the age of
20. This covers people who are
regarded as adults under local law.
Adolescence, according to the WHO,
is the time between the ages of 10
and 19 years. Teenage pregnancy is
a situation which involves female
adolescents.

4. REASON WHY
DOES TEENAGE
PREGNANCY
HAPPEN
Teenage pregnancy is caused
by unprotected intercourse,
but there are numerous factors
in an adolescent girl's life that
might also lead to an
unintended pregnancy. Social
determinants of health, such
as poor education and low
income levels of a teen's
household, may contribute to
high adolescent birth rates.
Teenagers in some contexts
are at higher risk of teen
pregnancy and birth than
other groups.

5. SIGNS OF BEING
TEENAGE
PREGNANCY
A missed menstrual period
Nausea or vomiting -- called "morning
sickness," though it can happen
throughout the day
Sudden, intense aversion to certain foods,
especially meats or fatty, fried foods
Sore nipples or breasts

6. Unusual fatigue
Frequent urination
Unusual mood swings
Feeling lightheaded
Weight gain
Swelling belly

7. WHAT ARE THE
RISK/DANGER OF
TEENAGE
PREGNANCY?
Pregnant teens are at risk of not getting the right
prenatal care, especially if they don't have support
from their parents. Prenatal care is critical,
especially in the first months of pregnancy.
Prenatal care looks for medical problems in both
mother and baby, monitors the baby's growth, and
deals quickly with any complications that arise.
Prenatal vitamins with folic acid -- ideally taken
before getting pregnant -- are essential in
preventing certain birth defects such as neural
tube defects.
Lack of prenatal care

8. High blood pressure
Pregnant teens have a higher risk of
getting high blood pressure -- called
pregnancy-induced hypertension --
than pregnant women in their 20s or
30s. They also have a higher risk of
preeclampsia. This is a dangerous
medical condition that combines
high blood pressure with excess
protein in the urine, swelling of a
mother's hands and face, and organ
damage.
These medical risks affect the
pregnant teen, who may need to
take medications to control
symptoms. But they can also disrupt
the unborn baby's growth. And they
can lead to further pregnancy
complications such as premature
birth.

9. Premature birth
A full-term pregnancy lasts about 40 weeks. A
baby that delivers before 37 weeks is a
premature baby, or "preemie." In some cases,
premature labor that begins too early in
pregnancy can be stopped by medications.
Other times, the baby has to be delivered
early for the health of the mother or infant.
The earlier a baby is born, the more risk there
is of respiratory, digestive, vision, cognitive,
and other problems.

10. Low-birth-weight baby
Teens are at higher risk of having low-birth-
weight babies. Premature babies are more
likely to weigh less than they should. In part,
that’s because they've had less time in the
womb to grow. A low-birth-weight baby
weighs only 3.3 to 5.5 pounds. A very-low-
birth-weight baby weighs less than 3.3
pounds. Babies that small may need to be put
on a ventilator in a hospital's neonatal care
unit for help with breathing after birth.

11. STDs (sexually transmitted diseases)
For teens who have sex during pregnancy, STDs such as
chlamydia and HIV are a major concern. Using a latex
condom during intercourse may help prevent STDs,
which can infect the uterus and growing baby.
Postpartum depression
Pregnant teens may be at higher risk of postpartum
depression (depression that starts after delivering a
baby), according to the CDC. Girls who feel down and
sad, either while pregnant or after the birth, should talk
openly with their doctors or someone else they trust.
Depression can interfere with taking good care of a
newborn -- and with healthy teenage development -- but
it can be treated.

12. Risks to teenage boys
Teen fathers are up to 30% less likely to
finish high school than other teenage boys.
Worries about their partners’ health, limited
money, educational challenges, and other
stresses can take a mental, physical, and
financial toll on some would-be teen fathers.

13. Feeling Alone and Isolated
Especially for teens who think they can't tell
their parents they're pregnant, feeling scared,
isolated, and alone can be a real problem.
Without the support of family or other adults,
pregnant teens are less likely to eat well,
exercise, or get plenty of rest. And they are
less likely to get to their regular prenatal
visits. Having at least one trusted, supportive
adult -- someone nearby in the community, if
not a family member -- is invaluable in
helping them get the prenatal care and
emotional support they need to stay healthy
during this time.

14. How Can We Prevent
Teenage Pregnancy,
RISK/DANGER IN
TEENAGE PREGNANCY
Abstinence
Abstinence from sex (oral, anal
or vaginal) is the only behavior
that is 100 percent effective at
preventing teenage pregnancy.
In fact, the National Campaign
stresses that abstinence from
sex is the best choice for
teens as it avoids early
pregnancy, parenthood and
sexually transmitted infections
(STIs). Planned Parenthood
reminds teens that remaining
abstinent is a behavior choice
and it can be difficult for some
people.

15. Contraceptives
Besides abstinence, using contraception during
sexual intercourse can also prevent teenage
pregnancy. Whether using barrier or hormonal
methods, contraception can help to avoid
pregnancy. StayTeen.org reports that one-third
of teenage girls did not use any form of
contraception the last time they had sex and 52
percent of sexually active teens reported a
primary reason for not using contraceptives is
because their partners did not want toThis is a
verified and trusted source. Educating teens
about contraceptive methods may help to
change attitudes and behaviors toward safer sex
practices.

16. Communication
Preventing teenage pregnancy may also come
down to overcoming parent-child
communication barriers. The National Campaign
reports that teens say their parents influence
their decisions about sex, love and relationships
the most; even more than the media or their
peers. Starting a conversation about sex early
and often may prove beneficial. This
conversation should ideally begin well before a
child's teen years. In fact, the National
Campaign encourages parents to talk early and
become"askable" parents (let kids know that
they can ask you anything). Remember, this is
ideally an 18-year conversation, not just one talk.

17. Get early prenatal care
- Call your doctor for your first prenatal visit as soon
as you think you might be pregnant. If you can't
afford to see a doctor, ask your school nurse or
counselor to help you find a low-cost clinic and other
resources. For example, they can help you find state
Medicaid or WIC (Women, Infants, and Children)
programs.
Stay away from alcohol, drugs, and cigarettes.
- These harm an unborn baby more than they harm
a growing teenager. If you're not able to quit by
yourself, ask for help from someone you trust.

18. with at least 0.4 mg of folic acid every day
to help prevent birth defects. Ideally, this
should start before you get pregnant.
Motherhood brings untold emotional and
practical challenges -- especially for teens
still in school. Reach out to others -- your
friends, family, the baby's father -- for
emotional and practical support.
Take a prenatal vitamin
Ask for emotional support.

19. The surest way to avoid pregnancy is not
to have sex. Or if you do have sex, to
always use contraception.
The most effective birth control for
teenagers is long-acting reversible
contraception (LARC). They include
implants that go under the skin in your
arm or intrauterine devices that your
doctor inserts into your uterus. LARCs
work 99% of the time to prevent
conception. They work for 3-10 years and
can be taken out when you want to try to
start a family.

20. If you use birth control pills, condoms, or
other forms of contraception, learn how to
use them right and follow instructions.
Talk to your parents or trusted adults about
how to get birth control if you’re sexually
active.
Ask your doctor, your public health center,
or a Planned Parenthood clinic for
guidance and prescription for birth control.
Most nonprofit and community health
centers offer care for free or on a sliding-
fee scale based on your income.

21. 10 TIPS FOR PARENTS TO HELP THEIR
CHILDREN AVOID TEEN PREGNANCY
1. Be clear about your own sexual values and attitudes. It
will be much easier for you to talk with your child if you have
thought through these questions:
How do you feel about school aged teens being sexually
active? Becoming parents?
Who needs to set the sexual limits in a relationship? How is
this done?
Were you sexually active as a teen? How do you feel about
that now? Were you sexually active before you were
married? How do the answers to these questions affect what
you will say to your children?
How do you feel about encouraging teens to abstain from
sex?
What do you think about teens using contraceptives?

22. 2. Talk with your children early
and often about sex and love. Be
specific. The most important
thing you can do is to say the first
few words. Be honest and open.
Listen carefully to find out what
your child already understands.
Make your conversations back
and forth—two ways. Talking with
your children about sex will not
encourage them to become
sexually active.

23. 3. Supervise and monitor your
children’s activities. Know where
your children are at all times. Are
they safe? What are they doing? Are
they involved in useful activities? If
they aren’t with you, are responsible
adults supervising them? You may
be accused of being too snoopy, but
you can help your children
understand that parents who care
know where their kids are.

24. 4. Know your children’s friends and their families.
Since peers have a strong influence on teens, do
your best to help your children choose friends
from families with similar values. Welcome your
children’s friends into your home, and talk with
them regularly. Talk with their parents about
curfews, common rules and expectations.
5. Discourage early, frequent and steady dating.
Encourage group activities. Long before your
child asks you if he or she can date a certain
person, make it clear that one-on-one dating
before 16 can lead to trouble. Letting your
children know ahead of time will help them see
that you are not reacting to a particular person or
invitation.

25. 6. Take a strong stand against teens dating
people who are significantly older or younger
than they are. Try setting a limit of no more
than a 2 - year age difference. Power
differences can lead into risky situations—
including unwanted and unprotected sex.
7. Help your teens have options for the future
that are much more attractive than early
pregnancy and parenthood. Help them set real,
meaningful goals for their future. Talk with
them about what they will need to do to reach
their goals, and help them reach these goals.
Help them see how becoming a parent can
derail the best of plans.

26. 8. Emphasize how much you value
education. Set high expectations for
your child’s school performance. If
your child is not progressing well in
school, intervene early. School failure
is one of the key risk factors for teen
parenthood. Keep track of your
children’s grades and meet with
teachers. Volunteer at school if you
can. Limit teen’s after-school jobs to
no more than 20 hours per week, so
there is ample time for homework—
and enough time left over for restful
sleep and socializing.

27. 9. Know what your kids are watching, reading and
listening to. Messages about sex sent by the media
(TV, radio, movies, music videos, magazines, the
Internet) are almost certainly at odds with your
values. Be “media literate” about what you and your
family are watching and reading. Teach your children
to think critically; talk with them about what they are
learning from the programs they watch and the music
they listen to.
Do not allow televisions in your children’s bedrooms.
You will probably not be able to fully control what
your children see and hear, but you can make your
views known, and you can control what happens in
your home. Turn off the TV, cancel subscriptions, and
be clear about what movies, records and videos are
acceptable.

28. 10. Strive for a relationship that is warm and
affectionate—firm in discipline and rich in
communication.
Emphasize mutual trust and respect.
Express your love, affection and appreciation
clearly and often. Hug your kids and tell them
how much you love them every day.
Listen carefully to what your children say. Pay
attention to what they do.
Spend fun, pleasant time with your children
daily, if possible. This is the foundation for
your relationship. It is the bank account that
will help you through the inevitable rough
patches ahead.
Be kind and courteous to your children, and let
them know you expect the same in return.
Don’t compare one child against another.

29. Let each child know he/she is one of a kind—and
priceless.
Help them master new skills. Real, enduring self-
esteem has to be earned the old-fashioned way—
through feeling good about what you do.
Try to have at least one family meal together each
day. Use the time together to talk—not to argue.
Know that it’s never too late to work on a good
relationship with your child. Even though your teen
may be acting like she doesn’t want to have
anything to do with you, those are probably not her
real feelings. Children of all ages want a close
relationship with their parents, and they yearn for
their parents’ help, approval and support.

30. THAN YOU FOR
READING!!
I HOPE YOU LEARNED
SOMETHING!!