Journalists regularly hesitate to employ fair use due to uncertainty about copyright law, even though fair use is crucial for their work. Developing principles of fair use for journalism can help by documenting consensus in the field on appropriate reuse of copyrighted materials. The document "Set of Principles in Fair Use for Journalism" does this, asserting journalists' fair use rights in seven situations like incidental capture and cultural journalism. By clarifying acceptable professional standards, such principles can dramatically lower legal risks for journalists and enable more innovation.
This document summarizes a study conducted by the American University on journalists' understanding and use of fair use copyright law. The study found that journalists are often hesitant to invoke their fair use rights due to uncertainty about how fair use applies in newer media formats. In response, legal experts and journalism organizations collaborated to develop principles of fair use for journalism that outline how fair use can enable journalists' work across different situations like incidental capture, proof, cultural journalism, and more. The goal is to clarify journalists' rights and reduce self-censorship by outlining how their professional community views fair use.
This document provides guidance on the topic of "We Media & Democracy" for an exam. It outlines key points to address, including definitions of "We Media," how it has emerged, and ways contemporary media can be both more or less democratic than traditional media. Theories from thinkers like Chomsky, Habermas, and Gillmor are listed. Past exam questions on assessing the democratic nature of modern media are provided, along with a mark scheme emphasizing explanation, examples, and terminology. Finally, an activity is suggested on how Web 2.0 has changed media distribution and exhibition.
This presentation discusses the impact different types of media content have on society. Also covered are several media theories and studies that have been conducted over time.
The document discusses new methods for online community reporting that aim to improve on traditional practices. It outlines how community reporting can move beyond one-way communication and limited sources by conducting ongoing research, incorporating a wide array of sources, and facilitating two-way conversations in transparent and collaborative spaces. Examples are given of independent reporting sites and news organization projects that employ these new methods. Both advantages and challenges of non-professional community reporting are mentioned.
Handout: Resources for Managing Misinformation (2021)Damian Radcliffe
Handout for attendees at the pre-departure orientation for Fulbright scholars and ETAs (2021-22). You can view the presentation at: 10.13140/RG.2.2.21505.17762
This document defines online journalism and discusses its strengths, weaknesses, history and future in Pakistan. Online journalism is defined as journalistic activities conducted primarily to disseminate information through the internet. Its strengths include global reach and easy publication, while its weaknesses include a lack of credibility and being information overloaded. The history of online journalism is then traced from the 1960s to the present. [END SUMMARY]
The document discusses ethics in new media, noting that new media provides time and space independence through digital and mobile access to content. It addresses that digital media ethics deals with distinct problems in online journalism, blogging, and social media. The rise of amateur and professional journalists online requires rethinking media ethics guidelines to apply to all in this new mixed media environment.
The document discusses old media versus new media. It defines new media as communication via the Internet, including self-publishing, user-generated content, and social media. Some advantages of new media are that it gives voice to more people, makes information more accessible, allows easier and cheaper communication, and enables data and file sharing. However, new media also has disadvantages like exacerbating the digital divide and issues with credibility, privacy, and the spread of false information online.
This document summarizes a study conducted by the American University on journalists' understanding and use of fair use copyright law. The study found that journalists are often hesitant to invoke their fair use rights due to uncertainty about how fair use applies in newer media formats. In response, legal experts and journalism organizations collaborated to develop principles of fair use for journalism that outline how fair use can enable journalists' work across different situations like incidental capture, proof, cultural journalism, and more. The goal is to clarify journalists' rights and reduce self-censorship by outlining how their professional community views fair use.
This document provides guidance on the topic of "We Media & Democracy" for an exam. It outlines key points to address, including definitions of "We Media," how it has emerged, and ways contemporary media can be both more or less democratic than traditional media. Theories from thinkers like Chomsky, Habermas, and Gillmor are listed. Past exam questions on assessing the democratic nature of modern media are provided, along with a mark scheme emphasizing explanation, examples, and terminology. Finally, an activity is suggested on how Web 2.0 has changed media distribution and exhibition.
This presentation discusses the impact different types of media content have on society. Also covered are several media theories and studies that have been conducted over time.
The document discusses new methods for online community reporting that aim to improve on traditional practices. It outlines how community reporting can move beyond one-way communication and limited sources by conducting ongoing research, incorporating a wide array of sources, and facilitating two-way conversations in transparent and collaborative spaces. Examples are given of independent reporting sites and news organization projects that employ these new methods. Both advantages and challenges of non-professional community reporting are mentioned.
Handout: Resources for Managing Misinformation (2021)Damian Radcliffe
Handout for attendees at the pre-departure orientation for Fulbright scholars and ETAs (2021-22). You can view the presentation at: 10.13140/RG.2.2.21505.17762
This document defines online journalism and discusses its strengths, weaknesses, history and future in Pakistan. Online journalism is defined as journalistic activities conducted primarily to disseminate information through the internet. Its strengths include global reach and easy publication, while its weaknesses include a lack of credibility and being information overloaded. The history of online journalism is then traced from the 1960s to the present. [END SUMMARY]
The document discusses ethics in new media, noting that new media provides time and space independence through digital and mobile access to content. It addresses that digital media ethics deals with distinct problems in online journalism, blogging, and social media. The rise of amateur and professional journalists online requires rethinking media ethics guidelines to apply to all in this new mixed media environment.
The document discusses old media versus new media. It defines new media as communication via the Internet, including self-publishing, user-generated content, and social media. Some advantages of new media are that it gives voice to more people, makes information more accessible, allows easier and cheaper communication, and enables data and file sharing. However, new media also has disadvantages like exacerbating the digital divide and issues with credibility, privacy, and the spread of false information online.
Online journalism, strengths and weaknesses, citizen journalism, history of online journalism (including comprehensive history of online journalism in Nepal)
In this talk, I offered an overview of the history and my current work designing systems to crowdsource gender diversity.
Presentation at the Gender Data 4 Change workshop, hosted by the Center for Civic Media, Datakind, and Microsoft in November 2014.
Podcasting involves distributing digital media files like audio and video over the internet using syndication feeds that allow for playback on devices like computers and mp3 players. Podcasts can be controlled by anyone who creates or hosts them, including individuals, radio shows, news sites, artists, students and teachers. Podcasting affects existing media channels by providing a more decentralized way for knowledge and opinions to spread that is harder to track than traditional radio and TV. While governments seeking control of new media could infringe on freedom of speech, hosting sites have some control over content to avoid legal issues, but freedom of speech should be allowed as long as speech is not violent, threatening or obscene in a way that intimidates others.
Citizen journalism allows ordinary people to create and share media content using technologies like smartphones, blogs, and social media. This enables eyewitnesses to report breaking news in real-time, potentially reaching audiences faster than traditional media. However, citizen journalism also faces criticisms like subjective and inaccurate reporting from non-professionals. Mainstream media is adapting by embracing new technologies, but professional journalism is still needed to ensure factual, credible information.
Slides from a U.S. Government sponsored/invited Speaking Tour to Germany, seven-day tour of German-American Institutes in southern Germany (November 2017), supported by the Economic Security and Global Affairs team at the U.S. Embassy Berlin.
The document discusses the professionalization of journalism versus blogging. Journalists serve as watchdogs over the government and elite by providing objective news coverage as the fourth estate. Their professionalization involved organizing associations to lobby for journalism programs. However, limitations to professionalization include abstract standards and lack of independent control over work. As blogging has increased, it has blurred the lines between journalism and citizen journalism, making professionalization more difficult.
This chapter discusses the history of media research, current theories and research, and controversies in understanding media effects. It outlines the evolution of media research from early fears and propaganda studies to modern analyses of television effects and new media usage. Current theories examine powerful and minimal effects models as well as flow theories. Research perspectives include diffusion of innovations and cultural studies approaches. Understanding media impact is challenging due to limitations of research and distinguishing correlation from causation.
Wikileaks and Facebook represent two different approaches to new media in the 21st century. Wikileaks, founded by Julian Assange, aims to make government and corporate documents publicly available to increase transparency, whereas Facebook, founded by Mark Zuckerberg, is a social media platform that connects individuals. Both sites have experienced rapid growth but also criticism - Wikileaks for its radical approach to sharing secrets, and Facebook for issues around privacy and data use. Overall the document analyzes how these groups exemplify differing views of new media's role in society.
The document discusses the professionalization of journalism, which aims to establish codes of ethics and serve the public interest through fair and unbiased reporting. It occurred in response to government regulation in the 1920s. The American Society of Newspaper Editors was founded in 1922 and established a code of ethics in 1923 to promote responsible journalism. Professionalization aims to maintain freedom of the press and speech by acting as a watchdog of the government through impartial information. However, it can be difficult to enforce standards and remove unethical practitioners without required training or licensing.
This document discusses citizen journalism and the role of the "preditor". It defines citizen journalism as reporting by ordinary people rather than professional journalists. Citizen journalism relies on crowdsourcing and combining the work of amateurs with professionals. A preditor facilitates citizen journalism by editing, organizing, and ensuring quality control of user-submitted content. Their role includes content work, networking, community work, and technical work. The relationship between amateur and professional journalists is also examined, as well as tools and influences on citizen journalism today.
This document discusses fair use in copyright law in the United States. It covers the concept of fair use and the four factors used to determine if a use is considered fair: (1) the purpose and character of the use, (2) the nature of the work, (3) the amount of the work used, and (4) the economic impact of the use. The document examines how these factors have been applied in various court cases involving parody, news reporting, and time-shifting of television programs.
George Brock is optimistic about the future of journalism despite current challenges. He argues that pessimists make three mistakes: (1) ignoring history shows journalism has overcome volatility before through experimentation, (2) forgetting that innovation requires failure and adaptation, and (3) confusing journalism institutions with the underlying ideas of verification and fact-finding. While new technologies have disrupted traditional business models, trained journalists still provide essential functions like verification, eyewitness reporting, sense-making, and investigative work. If journalism focuses on these core tasks using new technologies, and on serving democratic purposes rather than institutions, it can thrive in the digital age through continued experimentation.
Data Journalism: chapter from Online Journalism Handbook first editionPaul Bradshaw
This chapter is from the first edition of the Online Journalism Handbook. The work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Online journalism encompasses various types of media that have a web presence, including associations, magazines, newspapers, and radio and television websites. There are four main types of online journalism: mainstream news sites that provide editorial content with minimal user participation; index and category sites that offer links to existing news sites and allow for user comments; meta and comment sites that discuss media issues or act as media watchdogs; and share and discussion sites that allow users to exchange ideas and stories. Key characteristics of online journalism include hypertextuality through internal and external hyperlinks, multimediality through the use of different media formats, and interactivity through navigational, functional, and adaptive features that allow users to respond to and customize stories.
Online journalism allows for global distribution of information through the internet. It provides unlimited space, interactivity through user participation and comments, and immediacy of publishing. However, it also faces weaknesses like issues of credibility due to a lack of gatekeeping and verification, accuracy versus speed of publishing, and the digital divide.
This document outlines key legal and ethical concepts related to student media including:
1) Foundational knowledge of First Amendment rights and responsibilities for scholastic media.
2) Important court cases that have shaped student free speech rights such as Tinker, Hazelwood, and Morse v Fredrick.
3) Definitions of unprotected speech like libel, copyright, and obscenity that student journalists should understand.
4) Ethical issues student media should consider like balanced coverage, transparency, and protecting sources.
This document discusses e-news websites and outlines various topics related to them. It begins with an introduction to e-news websites and their main advantages such as being reusable, having low costs, and being easy to understand. It then discusses the purpose of analyzing e-news websites to identify issues with them. Stakeholders are mentioned but not described. Ethical, professional, legal, and social issues are discussed in relation to applying frameworks to e-news websites. Recommendations are provided such as governments establishing policies and penalties. An investigation plan is briefly outlined and the document concludes with a summary and references.
Abstract Immortality Is Not A Myth The Unrealistic Expectations Some ...Rachel Quintana
The document provides instructions for creating an account and requesting writing assistance from the HelpWriting.net website. It outlines a 5-step process: 1) Create an account with an email and password. 2) Complete a form with assignment details, sources, and deadline. 3) Review bids from writers and select one. 4) Review the completed paper and authorize payment. 5) Request revisions until satisfied with the work.
Online journalism, strengths and weaknesses, citizen journalism, history of online journalism (including comprehensive history of online journalism in Nepal)
In this talk, I offered an overview of the history and my current work designing systems to crowdsource gender diversity.
Presentation at the Gender Data 4 Change workshop, hosted by the Center for Civic Media, Datakind, and Microsoft in November 2014.
Podcasting involves distributing digital media files like audio and video over the internet using syndication feeds that allow for playback on devices like computers and mp3 players. Podcasts can be controlled by anyone who creates or hosts them, including individuals, radio shows, news sites, artists, students and teachers. Podcasting affects existing media channels by providing a more decentralized way for knowledge and opinions to spread that is harder to track than traditional radio and TV. While governments seeking control of new media could infringe on freedom of speech, hosting sites have some control over content to avoid legal issues, but freedom of speech should be allowed as long as speech is not violent, threatening or obscene in a way that intimidates others.
Citizen journalism allows ordinary people to create and share media content using technologies like smartphones, blogs, and social media. This enables eyewitnesses to report breaking news in real-time, potentially reaching audiences faster than traditional media. However, citizen journalism also faces criticisms like subjective and inaccurate reporting from non-professionals. Mainstream media is adapting by embracing new technologies, but professional journalism is still needed to ensure factual, credible information.
Slides from a U.S. Government sponsored/invited Speaking Tour to Germany, seven-day tour of German-American Institutes in southern Germany (November 2017), supported by the Economic Security and Global Affairs team at the U.S. Embassy Berlin.
The document discusses the professionalization of journalism versus blogging. Journalists serve as watchdogs over the government and elite by providing objective news coverage as the fourth estate. Their professionalization involved organizing associations to lobby for journalism programs. However, limitations to professionalization include abstract standards and lack of independent control over work. As blogging has increased, it has blurred the lines between journalism and citizen journalism, making professionalization more difficult.
This chapter discusses the history of media research, current theories and research, and controversies in understanding media effects. It outlines the evolution of media research from early fears and propaganda studies to modern analyses of television effects and new media usage. Current theories examine powerful and minimal effects models as well as flow theories. Research perspectives include diffusion of innovations and cultural studies approaches. Understanding media impact is challenging due to limitations of research and distinguishing correlation from causation.
Wikileaks and Facebook represent two different approaches to new media in the 21st century. Wikileaks, founded by Julian Assange, aims to make government and corporate documents publicly available to increase transparency, whereas Facebook, founded by Mark Zuckerberg, is a social media platform that connects individuals. Both sites have experienced rapid growth but also criticism - Wikileaks for its radical approach to sharing secrets, and Facebook for issues around privacy and data use. Overall the document analyzes how these groups exemplify differing views of new media's role in society.
The document discusses the professionalization of journalism, which aims to establish codes of ethics and serve the public interest through fair and unbiased reporting. It occurred in response to government regulation in the 1920s. The American Society of Newspaper Editors was founded in 1922 and established a code of ethics in 1923 to promote responsible journalism. Professionalization aims to maintain freedom of the press and speech by acting as a watchdog of the government through impartial information. However, it can be difficult to enforce standards and remove unethical practitioners without required training or licensing.
This document discusses citizen journalism and the role of the "preditor". It defines citizen journalism as reporting by ordinary people rather than professional journalists. Citizen journalism relies on crowdsourcing and combining the work of amateurs with professionals. A preditor facilitates citizen journalism by editing, organizing, and ensuring quality control of user-submitted content. Their role includes content work, networking, community work, and technical work. The relationship between amateur and professional journalists is also examined, as well as tools and influences on citizen journalism today.
This document discusses fair use in copyright law in the United States. It covers the concept of fair use and the four factors used to determine if a use is considered fair: (1) the purpose and character of the use, (2) the nature of the work, (3) the amount of the work used, and (4) the economic impact of the use. The document examines how these factors have been applied in various court cases involving parody, news reporting, and time-shifting of television programs.
George Brock is optimistic about the future of journalism despite current challenges. He argues that pessimists make three mistakes: (1) ignoring history shows journalism has overcome volatility before through experimentation, (2) forgetting that innovation requires failure and adaptation, and (3) confusing journalism institutions with the underlying ideas of verification and fact-finding. While new technologies have disrupted traditional business models, trained journalists still provide essential functions like verification, eyewitness reporting, sense-making, and investigative work. If journalism focuses on these core tasks using new technologies, and on serving democratic purposes rather than institutions, it can thrive in the digital age through continued experimentation.
Data Journalism: chapter from Online Journalism Handbook first editionPaul Bradshaw
This chapter is from the first edition of the Online Journalism Handbook. The work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Online journalism encompasses various types of media that have a web presence, including associations, magazines, newspapers, and radio and television websites. There are four main types of online journalism: mainstream news sites that provide editorial content with minimal user participation; index and category sites that offer links to existing news sites and allow for user comments; meta and comment sites that discuss media issues or act as media watchdogs; and share and discussion sites that allow users to exchange ideas and stories. Key characteristics of online journalism include hypertextuality through internal and external hyperlinks, multimediality through the use of different media formats, and interactivity through navigational, functional, and adaptive features that allow users to respond to and customize stories.
Online journalism allows for global distribution of information through the internet. It provides unlimited space, interactivity through user participation and comments, and immediacy of publishing. However, it also faces weaknesses like issues of credibility due to a lack of gatekeeping and verification, accuracy versus speed of publishing, and the digital divide.
This document outlines key legal and ethical concepts related to student media including:
1) Foundational knowledge of First Amendment rights and responsibilities for scholastic media.
2) Important court cases that have shaped student free speech rights such as Tinker, Hazelwood, and Morse v Fredrick.
3) Definitions of unprotected speech like libel, copyright, and obscenity that student journalists should understand.
4) Ethical issues student media should consider like balanced coverage, transparency, and protecting sources.
This document discusses e-news websites and outlines various topics related to them. It begins with an introduction to e-news websites and their main advantages such as being reusable, having low costs, and being easy to understand. It then discusses the purpose of analyzing e-news websites to identify issues with them. Stakeholders are mentioned but not described. Ethical, professional, legal, and social issues are discussed in relation to applying frameworks to e-news websites. Recommendations are provided such as governments establishing policies and penalties. An investigation plan is briefly outlined and the document concludes with a summary and references.
Abstract Immortality Is Not A Myth The Unrealistic Expectations Some ...Rachel Quintana
The document provides instructions for creating an account and requesting writing assistance from the HelpWriting.net website. It outlines a 5-step process: 1) Create an account with an email and password. 2) Complete a form with assignment details, sources, and deadline. 3) Review bids from writers and select one. 4) Review the completed paper and authorize payment. 5) Request revisions until satisfied with the work.
Essay On Natural Disaster [3+ Best Examples] (2023). Tourism in natural disaster affected regions sample essay. Essay on natural disaster - Approved Custom Essay Writing Service You .... College Essay: Essay on natural disaster.
This document discusses the objectives of analyzing the conflict between press freedom and fair trial rights, with a focus on the doctrine of presumption of innocence. It aims to examine laws in the UK governing media publications, evaluate the current situation in Bangladesh, and identify loopholes. The document provides background on media influence on crime perception and judicial systems. It outlines protections for free speech and fair trials in UK law, and recent cases of juror misconduct due to social media use. It notes Bangladesh law asserts these rights generally but lacks extensive guidelines, monitoring, or remedies related to media influences on trials.
Rubrics For English - Google Search Writing Rubric, Creative WritingCarol
The Environmental Resource Efficiency Plan (EREP) program is being developed for One Stop Computers to encourage carbon reduction, improve protection of human health and the environment, and demonstrate safe use of chemicals. AHM Consultancy will help One Stop Computers achieve their resource efficiency goals through initiatives like equipment recycling, reducing consumable waste, and energy conservation. The plan aims to help One Stop Computers achieve positive environmental outcomes through manufacturing, infrastructure, and total quality management improvements.
The document discusses the role and purpose of journalism. It questions whether people have an intrinsic need for news and information from beyond their direct experience. It also explores the tension between journalism serving the public interest through truthful and verified information versus catering to what people want. The document raises concerns that new technologies, media consolidation, and globalization are fracturing society and challenging journalists to properly educate the public.
Motivation behind software piracy and its usage. Mostly the users of the low developed countries are practising software piracy for survival. This presentation reveals the reasons of it.
Media law for community journalists and bloggersjtownend
A presentation given to participants at the Community Journalism Conference, Cardiff University, 16 January 2013, setting out the legal landscape for online publishers and asking for responses to a survey
The North Africa block of Islam refers to the large population of Muslims in North Africa, which is estimated to be the fourth largest Muslim community in the world. It encompasses the countries of North Africa below the Sahara Desert, including regions such as the Maghreb. The Muslim population in North Africa is massive, with less than 2,000 non-Muslims among millions of inhabitants in the region.
Free Personal Statement Checklist Personal StateCourtney Bennett
The Kennedy family experienced much tragedy and misfortune over the generations. Some of the most notable incidents included Joseph Kennedy Jr.'s death in a plane explosion during World War II, Rosemary Kennedy undergoing a botched lobotomy that left her incapacitated, and John F. Kennedy being assassinated while president. The numerous tragic events that befell prominent members of the politically influential Kennedy family over the decades led some to see them as being cursed with bad luck.
70 Cursive Worksheets For Handwriting Practice - KittWendy Boyd
This document provides instructions for requesting writing assistance from HelpWriting.net. It outlines a 5-step process: 1) Create an account with a password and email. 2) Complete a 10-minute order form providing instructions, sources, and deadline. 3) Review bids from writers and choose one based on qualifications. 4) Receive the paper and authorize payment if pleased. 5) Request revisions until fully satisfied, with the option of a refund for plagiarized work.
Hoe U Uw Kind Kunt Helpen Zijn Handschrift Te Verbeteren - Med NLKatie Dubose
Here are the key points I would make in a research paper responding to this prompt:
I. Diversity and immigration have long been part of the American identity and experience. The U.S. is known as a nation of immigrants, and diversity has economic and cultural benefits. Excluding or deporting groups of people based on language or ethnicity goes against American values of inclusion, opportunity, and cultural exchange.
II. While concerns over loss of a shared culture are understandable, there are a few flaws in the argument. First, English remains the dominant language in the U.S. and bilingualism or multilingualism do not threaten English usage. Second, cultures are not static - they evolve through exchange and influence from other groups
Kazakh User Generated Content And ConversationsDaveLaFontaine
The document discusses various ways that newspapers are experimenting with digital platforms and user participation online. It provides examples of both successful and unsuccessful efforts, noting that allowing open commenting on the Los Angeles Times website led to it being inundated with pornography. It also discusses strategies newspapers are using to engage younger readers online, such as showcasing user-generated content and building websites that appeal to how young people explore and share content online.
International Press Institute (IPI) Senior Press Freedom Adviser Steven M. Ellis will present information related to the IPI’s current project “Strengthening Journalists’ Rights, Protections and Skills: Understanding Defamation Laws versus Press Freedom”. The project seeks to examine the effects that defamation, insult and blasphemy laws in the 28 EU member countries and five candidate countries have on the practices of journalism and the exercise of press freedom.
IPI will soon be issuing a study detailing defamation law in EU member and candidate states, examining the extent to which these laws comport with international standards and offering recommendations for potential changes. Ellis will explain to participants the purpose, history and methodology behind the forthcoming study and share details regarding planned follow-up workshops and trainings. Using specific examples from relevant countries, Ellis will also detail potential pitfalls that journalists face under national criminal and civil laws on defamation, insult and blasphemy. Participants will be given examples of types of conduct that may lead to liability, potential defences to liability, potential consequences that a finding of civil or criminal liability may carry and examples of recent legal developments. Finally, he will provide a broad overview of relevant international free expression standards in order to foster awareness among journalists of their rights in cases where national laws have not yet caught up to those standards.
The document summarizes a research paper on responsible journalism and the Indian Constitution. It discusses two key issues - sting operations and their impact on the right to privacy, and media trials and their impact on the right to a free and fair trial. Regarding sting operations, it notes the tension between press freedom and privacy rights. For media trials, it discusses how pre-trial media coverage can bias trials and influence judges, citing cases from India and other countries. The paper aims to critically analyze relevant constitutional provisions and case laws on these issues.
Slides from the 2-hour workshop on what you CAN do with copyrighted materials. Presented to computer resource specialists on August 11-12, 2010 at Virginia Beach Public Schools.
Note: This presentation does not reflect the views of my employer or those of any other entity. This presentation was created in collaboration with classmates at the Annenberg Oxford Summer Institute on Global Media and Technology Policy. This group activity reflects my personal input and perspectives only. - Heather Blanchard
Social Media And Its Impact On Mainstream JournalismMegan Foster
Here is a SWOT analysis of Cheers:
Strengths:
- Established brand name and reputation for quality food
- Wide network of franchised locations across South Africa
- Strong focus on customer service and friendly atmosphere
- Efficient operations and supply chain
Weaknesses:
- Menu and offerings are relatively standard compared to competitors
- Potential over-reliance on franchising model for growth
Opportunities:
- Expand into new geographic markets within South Africa
- Introduce new menu items to attract new customers
- Leverage brand reputation to enter new fast food segments
Threats:
- Increased competition from other fast food chains
- Rising costs of ingredients and
Essay On The Effect Of Smoking In The Human Respiratory SystemPaula Poer
The short story "Farm Girl" describes a young girl's life growing up and working on a family farm. She recalls awakening each day to difficult manual labor, such as cleaning animal pens, that was part of her daily routine from a young age. As she gets older, the narrator gains skills and strength from the farm work. In high school, she is able to participate fully in extracurricular activities for the first time due to her experience and abilities developed through life on the farm.
British Female Essayists. Online assignment writing service.Christine Muller
The document discusses how drama therapy uses creative arts such as acting, music, art, dance, and creative writing to help people with mental illness or other conditions. It explains that drama therapy sessions are facilitated by a trained drama therapist to achieve therapeutic goals like increased self-esteem, communication skills, and emotional expression. The therapy aims to promote change and growth through the creative process, role play, performance, and reflection on drama experiences.
Similar to TEDx Journalism and Fair Use Presentation (20)
लालू यादव की जीवनी LALU PRASAD YADAV BIOGRAPHYVoterMood
Discover the life and times of Lalu Prasad Yadav with a comprehensive biography in Hindi. Learn about his early days, rise in politics, controversies, and contribution.
16062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
Slide deck with charts from our Digital News Report 2024, the most comprehensive exploration of news consumption habits around the world, based on survey data from more than 95,000 respondents across 47 countries.
projet de traité négocié à Istanbul (anglais).pdfEdouardHusson
Ceci est le projet de traité qui avait été négocié entre Russes et Ukrainiens à Istanbul en mars 2022, avant que les Etats-Unis et la Grande-Bretagne ne détournent Kiev de signer.
ग्रेटर मुंबई के नगर आयुक्त को एक खुले पत्र में याचिका दायर कर 540 से अधिक मुंबईकरों ने सभी अवैध और अस्थिर होर्डिंग्स, साइनबोर्ड और इलेक्ट्रिक साइनेज को तत्काल हटाने और 13 मई, 2024 की शाम को घाटकोपर में अवैध होर्डिंग के गिरने की विनाशकारी घटना के बाद अपराधियों के खिलाफ सख्त कार्रवाई की मांग की है, जिसमें 17 लोगों की जान चली गई और कई निर्दोष लोग गंभीर रूप से घायल हो गए।
केरल उच्च न्यायालय ने 11 जून, 2024 को मंडला पूजा में भाग लेने की अनुमति मांगने वाली 10 वर्षीय लड़की की रिट याचिका को खारिज कर दिया, जिसमें सर्वोच्च न्यायालय की एक बड़ी पीठ के समक्ष इस मुद्दे की लंबित प्रकृति पर जोर दिया गया। यह आदेश न्यायमूर्ति अनिल के. नरेंद्रन और न्यायमूर्ति हरिशंकर वी. मेनन की खंडपीठ द्वारा पारित किया गया
Youngest c m in India- Pema Khandu BiographyVoterMood
Pema Khandu, born on August 21, 1979, is an Indian politician and the Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh. He is the son of former Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh, Dorjee Khandu. Pema Khandu assumed office as the Chief Minister in July 2016, making him one of the youngest Chief Ministers in India at that time.
12062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
15062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
13062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
#WenguiGuo#WashingtonFarm Guo Wengui Wolf son ambition exposed to open a far...rittaajmal71
Since fleeing to the United States in 2014, Guo Wengui has founded a number of projects in the United States, such as GTV Media Group, GTV private equity, farm loan project, G Club Operations Co., LTD., and Himalaya Exchange.
Federal Authorities Urge Vigilance Amid Bird Flu Outbreak | The Lifesciences ...The Lifesciences Magazine
Federal authorities have advised the public to remain vigilant but calm in response to the ongoing bird flu outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza, commonly known as bird flu.
Recent years have seen a disturbing rise in violence, discrimination, and intolerance against Christian communities in various Islamic countries. This multifaceted challenge, deeply rooted in historical, social, and political animosities, demands urgent attention. Despite the escalating persecution, substantial support from the Western world remains lacking.
2. What is the main problem
journalists have
with copyright law?
3. ☐ It doesn’t protect authors
enough
It protects authors too
much
☐
☐ I have no idea
4. FAIR USEThe right to reuse
appropriate amounts
of existing work for
a new purpose.
FAIR USE
5. As we found in our study, fair use is baked into newsroom practice
across the country. But when journalists have to consciously
exercise their rights—in newer media to them (such as
audio, video and web media) and on newer digital platforms—
they often hesitate.
6. When people hesitate, they delay
and reconsider; sometimes they
don’t even attempt possible
projects.
8. We realized that copyright
for journalists was a First
Amendment issue.
9. That is because journalists face a
world that is almost—with very few
exceptions—entirely copyrighted. In
order to refer to the existing
world, they have to access
copyrighted works.
10. Copyright
monopoly rights
lock up that
work, unless you
get permission to
use it. That turns
copyright holders
into private
censors.
11. FAIR USE
How does the government that gave us the First Amendment get away with
authorizing a monopoly that produces censorship?
By creating an exception to that monopoly through fair use.
12. Supreme Court
Fair use protects
freedom of
expression
The Supreme Court has said twice in
the last decade, in Golan and
Eldred, that copyright is
constitutional because fair use
exists.
13. So if that’s true, why are journalists
often so fearful of employing fair use?
14. These organizations all vigorously employ
fair use every day. What do they know
that makes them so confident?
15. JUDGES
They know that judges are very fair use
friendly, and they know how judges
currently reason about fair use.
16. Judges consider three big questions. These questions
rebundle the infamous “four factors” that are
mentioned in the law.
1. Transformativeness
2. Appropriateness
3. Professional Standards
20. If people in a professional field could get
together and determine what their consensus
was around their professional employment of
fair use, this would lower risk. It would vastly
reduce the ambiguity around what is
appropriate, what is in the center of acceptable
professional practice.
22. All of these professional communities shared a
common trait with journalists: they were all
inadvertently and often unknowingly self-
censoring, through doubt and hesitation. By not
using all their rights, they were limiting not only
their current work but their own future—by
foregoing innovation.
23. The reason why large copyright holders don’t
challenge them is the same reason that professionals,
all of them copyright holders, felt free to create them:
because fair use doesn’t impair the rights of copyright
holders.
24. JOURNALIST
S
SET OF PRINCIPLES IN
FAIR USE FOR
JOURNALISM
JUNE 20 13
centerforsocialmedia.org/journalism
pijip-impact.org/fairuse/journalism
Most recently, journalists
have also created such a
document, in their Set of
Principles in Fair Use for
Journalism.
25. This document was created with the help of locals of
the Society of Professional Journalists and the Online
News Association, and resulted from 17 meetings in
10 cities across the country.
26. Endorsers So Far
• Association for Education in Journalism and Mass
Communication
• Association of Alternative Newsmedia
• Association of Schools of Journalism and Mass
Communication
• J-Lab
• MediaShift
• National Association of Black Journalists,
Digital Journalism Task Force
• New America Media
• Poynter Institute
• Robert R. McCormick Foundation
• National Lesbian and Gay Journalist Association
27. Seven situations in which journalists asserted their fair use
rights
• Incidental Capture
• Proof
• Cultural Journalism
• Illustration
• Historical Reference
• Fostering Public Discussion
• Advancing the Story
29. SET OF PRINCIPLES IN
FAIR USE FOR
JOURNALISM
JUNE 20 13
centerforsocialmedia.org/journalism
pijip-impact.org/fairuse/journalism
Please use and share the Principles.
http://www.centerforsocialmedia.org/journalism
30. In closing…
What is the best way
for copyright to enable
the future of journalism?
Here’s a poll to start your day—what’s the worst problem journalists have with copyright law today? Sadly, we learned in research we did at American University that journalists are shortchanging themselves because they do not know all their rights under copyright law.
In particular, they do not understand how best to use fair use, although ironically they often use this right every day without knowing it.
As we found in our study, fair use is baked into newsroom practice across the country. But when journalists have to consciously exercise their rights—in newer media to them (such as audio, video and web media) and on newer digital platforms—they often hesitate.
When people hesitate, they delay and reconsider; sometimes they don’t even attempt possible projects.
In fact, they are regularly self-censoring.
We realized that copyright for journalists was a First Amendment issue.
That is because journalists face a world that is almost—with very few exceptions—entirely copyrighted. In order to refer to the existing world, they have to access copyrighted works.
Copyright monopoly rights lock up that work, unless you get permission to use it. That turns copyright holders into private censors.
How does the government that gave us the First Amendment get away with authorizing a monopoly that produces censorship? By creating an exception to that monopoly through fair use.
The Supreme Court has said twice in the last decade, in Golan and Eldred, that copyright is constitutional because fair use exists.
So if that’s true, why are journalists often so fearful of employing fair use? After all, journalists love the First Amendment. They aren’t irrational. They are understandably confused by the vagueness of a law that says, Go ahead and use copyrighted work without permission if you’re using it to generate more culture—oh, and just think about at least four factors but maybe other stuff too. Oh and by the way, there are big fines if you guess wrong.
They know that judges are very fair use friendly, and they know how judges currently reason about fair use.
Judges consider three big questions. These questionsrebundle the infamous “four factors” that are mentioned in the law. The first is transformativeness.
The second question is the amount or kind of the use. Did you use what you needed for that new purpose? Like Goldilocks, not too much and not too little—just enough. And just enough might be 100 percent of something, but it might not be 100 percent at a high resolution, unless you really need that for the new purpose.
Finally, judges ask what are the standards of the professional community? If people in a professional field could get together and determine what their consensus was around their professional employment of fair use, this would lower risk. It would vastly reduce the ambiguity around what is appropriate, what is in the center of acceptable professional practice. This is an insight that we are indebted to a group of legal scholars for understanding.
This third question, what are professional customs and standards, led to my fellow researcher Peter Jaszi’s great insight. If people in a professional field could get together and determine what their consensus was around their professional employment of fair use, this would lower risk. It would vastly reduce the ambiguity around what is appropriate, what is in the center of acceptable professional practice. The first professional community to create such standards was documentary filmmakers, who used it successfully to lower their insurance rates and to get better insurance. Others soon followed.
All of these professional communities shared a common trait with journalists: they were all inadvertently and often unknowingly self-censoring, through doubt and hesitation. By not using all their rights, they were limiting not only their current work but their own future—by foregoing innovation. After they created codes, though, they were able to get their work done more efficiently. Filmmakers made films more quickly and with lower budgets, poets were able to publish more easily, scholars were able to circulate their research.
Now for the breaking news: Journalists have also created such a document, in their Set of Principles in Fair Use for Journalism.
This document was created with the help of locals of the Society of Professional Journalists and the Online News Association, and resulted from 17 meetings in 10 cities across the country.
Here are the six situations in which journalists asserted their fair use rights. The Principles themselves are at centerforsocialmedia.org/journalism.
Here are the six situations in which journalists asserted their fair use rights. The Principles themselves are at centerforsocialmedia.org/journalism.
I hope you’re feeling a sense of relief! This document dramatically lowers your risk. Now you know what the professional consensus of your field is about acceptable fair use, and that means so would a judge and of course anyone who would challenge you. It also empowers you to challenge someone who is infringing on your own work rather than employing fair use.
Please use and share the Principles.
A final poll before we leave: Which of these options do you think is the best way for copyright to enable the future of journalism? The Supreme Court wants you to choose the last one, and so does the Poynter Institute, and so do I.
At the Center for Social Media, we’d love to share your stories about how you’re employing fair use.