The web is absolutely necessary part of our lives. It is wide platform which is used for information sharing and service over internet. They are used for the financial, government, healthcare, education and many critical services. Everyday billions of user purchase items, transfer money, retrieve information and communicate over web with each other. Although the web is best friend of users because it provide anytime anywhere access to information and services at the same time. All things are created by human in the world so its reality that the things created by man are little bit problematic. So web applications are also created by human so it contains too many loopholes. The popularity of applications allure hackers towards them. Now a Days Securing and maintaining the websites against attack is very hard and challenging task. Finding loopholes in Web application, Computer system or network and exploiting them called hacking. New approaches for web attacks are invented day to day so the study of detect and prevent against web application attack and finding solution is important part in internet world. In this paper we introduced all web application based attack including two major attacks like XSS (Cross Site Scripting) and SQLI.
Since the advent of the Internet, cybersecurity has been handed new challenges due to the massively expanded accessibility and interconnectedness of the web. Where once security was considered to be dealt with in a multi-layered manner, now those layers are so fuzzy and expanded as to no longer exist.
By United Security Providers
A Review paper on Securing PHP based websites From Web Application Vulnerabil...Editor IJMTER
In today’s Era, Web applications are one of the most part ubiquitous platforms for
information sharing and services over Internet which play significant role in individual life as well
as in any country’s growth. Web applications have gone through a very rapid Growth As they are
increasingly used for the financial organization, government, hospitality and many critical services.
Web applications become a popular and precious target for security attacks. at the present time,
billions of transactions are done online through net banking, online shopping, online billing and
many more. Even though these applications are used by lots of people modern web applications
often implements the complex structure requires for user to carry out actions in given order, in
many cases the security level is too low, which makes them vulnerable to get compromised. Even
though a large number of techniques have been developed to build up web applications and
mitigate the attacks toward web applications, there is little effort constant to drawing relations
among these techniques and building a big picture of web application security(WAS) research. In
this paper, we present a survey on various types of web application vulnerabilities(WAV).
This document summarizes research on challenges and issues in web security. It finds that 85% of websites are vulnerable to hacking, though organizations that provide software security training and centralize security controls experience fewer vulnerabilities. Recommendations include understanding which vulnerabilities pose the greatest risk and focusing on them, using pre-existing security controls instead of writing custom ones, and treating all user inputs as untrusted. Overall web security remains an ongoing challenge.
Sql Injection Attacks And A Web Application EnvironmentSheri Elliott
The document discusses selecting programming languages and frameworks for developing a web application that performs machine learning on a dataset. Python was chosen for its strong machine learning libraries. The Django framework was used to build a REST API and AngularJS was used for the frontend interface. Association rule mining was performed but existing libraries were found to have implementation issues for calculating measures of interestingness. As a result, the measures were implemented from scratch instead of using an external library.
Are you fighting_new_threats_with_old_weaponsBhargav Modi
The document discusses the need for web application firewalls to protect against modern web application attacks. It notes that traditional network firewalls and intrusion prevention systems are inadequate because they operate at the network layer and do not understand the application layer protocols used in web applications. The document promotes the Cyberoam web application firewall as a solution, highlighting its positive security model using an intuitive website flow detector to learn normal application behavior and block deviations without signatures. It also lists features such as protection against attacks like SQL injection, monitoring and reporting, and help with PCI compliance.
Risk and Threat Assessment Report Anthony WolfBSA 5.docxmalbert5
Risk and Threat Assessment Report
Anthony Wolf
BSA/ 520
May 11th, 2020
Jeffery McDonough
Running head: RISK AND THREAT ASSESSMENT REPORT
1
RISK AND THREAT ASSESMENT REPORT
2
Risk and Threat Assessment Report
The rise of innovation and technological advancement has affected the aspects of technology in different ways. Improvement of software and operating systems gives hackers a reason to strive and develop more complex forms of overweighing security measures on those applications. Traditional application security best practices and secure coding are often recommended in protecting different applications against runtime attacks.
Runtime application self-protection is an emerging application in the protection of software applications, data, and databases. The increase in attacks has triggered the development of security technology that is linked or build into an application runtime environment. Besides, database deployment is safeguarded by run time application self-protection that can control the execution of applications, detecting, and preventing real-time attacks. The threats and risks associated with operating systems, networks, and software systems are significant concerns to users.
The internet has changed how people do their businesses. With the growth of e-commerce and other online transactions, there has been a subsequent increase in internet risk threats that are commonly occasioned by hacking and malware attacks. There are different types of e-commerce threats and might be accidental, deliberately done by perpetrators, or occur due to human error. The most prevalent threats are money theft, unprotected services, credit card fraud, hacking, data misuse, and phishing attacks. Heats associated with online transactions can be prevented or reduced by keeping the credit cards safe. Consumers/customers should be advised to avoid carrying their credit cards in their wallets since they increase the chances of misplacement. Each buyer should be cautious when using their you’re their online credit information.
The advancement in technology has seen an increase in online transactions. The practice of doing business transactions via the internet is called e-commerce. Their growth has subsequently lead to the rise in internet risk threats that are commonly occasioned by hacking and malware attacks. E-commerce is the activity of conducting transactions via the internet. Internet transactions can be drawn on various technologies, including internet marketing, electronic data exchanges, automated data collection systems, electronic fund transfer, and mobile commerce.
Online transaction threats occur by using the internet for unfair means with the aim of fraud, security breach, and stealing. The use of electronic payment systems has a substantial risk of fraud. It uses the identity of a customer to authorize a payment like security questions and passwords. If someone accesses a customer's password, he will gain access to his accounts and.
This document describes a web vulnerability scanner created by students at D.Y.Patil College of Engineering. The scanner focuses on detecting and preventing common web vulnerabilities like SQL injection, cross-site scripting, file inclusions, and OS command injection. It was developed using the waterfall model, with phases for requirements gathering, system design including UML diagrams, and implementation. The motivation was that cyber attacks cost the global economy over $400 billion annually, so an automatic tool is needed to identify vulnerabilities in web applications.
The document discusses factors that affect the likelihood and impact of threats from script injection vulnerabilities like SQL injection and cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks on web applications. It outlines several factors for the threat agent and vulnerability that contribute to high likelihood scores, such as automated tools being available to exploit vulnerabilities easily. It also discusses technical and business impacts that could result from loss of confidentiality or availability due to such attacks.
Since the advent of the Internet, cybersecurity has been handed new challenges due to the massively expanded accessibility and interconnectedness of the web. Where once security was considered to be dealt with in a multi-layered manner, now those layers are so fuzzy and expanded as to no longer exist.
By United Security Providers
A Review paper on Securing PHP based websites From Web Application Vulnerabil...Editor IJMTER
In today’s Era, Web applications are one of the most part ubiquitous platforms for
information sharing and services over Internet which play significant role in individual life as well
as in any country’s growth. Web applications have gone through a very rapid Growth As they are
increasingly used for the financial organization, government, hospitality and many critical services.
Web applications become a popular and precious target for security attacks. at the present time,
billions of transactions are done online through net banking, online shopping, online billing and
many more. Even though these applications are used by lots of people modern web applications
often implements the complex structure requires for user to carry out actions in given order, in
many cases the security level is too low, which makes them vulnerable to get compromised. Even
though a large number of techniques have been developed to build up web applications and
mitigate the attacks toward web applications, there is little effort constant to drawing relations
among these techniques and building a big picture of web application security(WAS) research. In
this paper, we present a survey on various types of web application vulnerabilities(WAV).
This document summarizes research on challenges and issues in web security. It finds that 85% of websites are vulnerable to hacking, though organizations that provide software security training and centralize security controls experience fewer vulnerabilities. Recommendations include understanding which vulnerabilities pose the greatest risk and focusing on them, using pre-existing security controls instead of writing custom ones, and treating all user inputs as untrusted. Overall web security remains an ongoing challenge.
Sql Injection Attacks And A Web Application EnvironmentSheri Elliott
The document discusses selecting programming languages and frameworks for developing a web application that performs machine learning on a dataset. Python was chosen for its strong machine learning libraries. The Django framework was used to build a REST API and AngularJS was used for the frontend interface. Association rule mining was performed but existing libraries were found to have implementation issues for calculating measures of interestingness. As a result, the measures were implemented from scratch instead of using an external library.
Are you fighting_new_threats_with_old_weaponsBhargav Modi
The document discusses the need for web application firewalls to protect against modern web application attacks. It notes that traditional network firewalls and intrusion prevention systems are inadequate because they operate at the network layer and do not understand the application layer protocols used in web applications. The document promotes the Cyberoam web application firewall as a solution, highlighting its positive security model using an intuitive website flow detector to learn normal application behavior and block deviations without signatures. It also lists features such as protection against attacks like SQL injection, monitoring and reporting, and help with PCI compliance.
Risk and Threat Assessment Report Anthony WolfBSA 5.docxmalbert5
Risk and Threat Assessment Report
Anthony Wolf
BSA/ 520
May 11th, 2020
Jeffery McDonough
Running head: RISK AND THREAT ASSESSMENT REPORT
1
RISK AND THREAT ASSESMENT REPORT
2
Risk and Threat Assessment Report
The rise of innovation and technological advancement has affected the aspects of technology in different ways. Improvement of software and operating systems gives hackers a reason to strive and develop more complex forms of overweighing security measures on those applications. Traditional application security best practices and secure coding are often recommended in protecting different applications against runtime attacks.
Runtime application self-protection is an emerging application in the protection of software applications, data, and databases. The increase in attacks has triggered the development of security technology that is linked or build into an application runtime environment. Besides, database deployment is safeguarded by run time application self-protection that can control the execution of applications, detecting, and preventing real-time attacks. The threats and risks associated with operating systems, networks, and software systems are significant concerns to users.
The internet has changed how people do their businesses. With the growth of e-commerce and other online transactions, there has been a subsequent increase in internet risk threats that are commonly occasioned by hacking and malware attacks. There are different types of e-commerce threats and might be accidental, deliberately done by perpetrators, or occur due to human error. The most prevalent threats are money theft, unprotected services, credit card fraud, hacking, data misuse, and phishing attacks. Heats associated with online transactions can be prevented or reduced by keeping the credit cards safe. Consumers/customers should be advised to avoid carrying their credit cards in their wallets since they increase the chances of misplacement. Each buyer should be cautious when using their you’re their online credit information.
The advancement in technology has seen an increase in online transactions. The practice of doing business transactions via the internet is called e-commerce. Their growth has subsequently lead to the rise in internet risk threats that are commonly occasioned by hacking and malware attacks. E-commerce is the activity of conducting transactions via the internet. Internet transactions can be drawn on various technologies, including internet marketing, electronic data exchanges, automated data collection systems, electronic fund transfer, and mobile commerce.
Online transaction threats occur by using the internet for unfair means with the aim of fraud, security breach, and stealing. The use of electronic payment systems has a substantial risk of fraud. It uses the identity of a customer to authorize a payment like security questions and passwords. If someone accesses a customer's password, he will gain access to his accounts and.
This document describes a web vulnerability scanner created by students at D.Y.Patil College of Engineering. The scanner focuses on detecting and preventing common web vulnerabilities like SQL injection, cross-site scripting, file inclusions, and OS command injection. It was developed using the waterfall model, with phases for requirements gathering, system design including UML diagrams, and implementation. The motivation was that cyber attacks cost the global economy over $400 billion annually, so an automatic tool is needed to identify vulnerabilities in web applications.
The document discusses factors that affect the likelihood and impact of threats from script injection vulnerabilities like SQL injection and cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks on web applications. It outlines several factors for the threat agent and vulnerability that contribute to high likelihood scores, such as automated tools being available to exploit vulnerabilities easily. It also discusses technical and business impacts that could result from loss of confidentiality or availability due to such attacks.
Slides from data MindsConnect 2018 Conference hosted at Ghelamnco Arena in Ghent by Belgian SQL Server USer Grup. SECDev(OPS) How to embrace your security.
What Makes Web Applications Desirable For HackersJaime Manteiga
Unethical hackers target web applications for several reasons including financial gain, ideology, fun, and espionage. They communicate and sell stolen data on dark web forums using cryptocurrency, with some data selling for as little as $10. To protect applications, developers should follow best practices like the OWASP Top 10, implement web application firewalls, conduct security scans and assessments, and formalize a secure software development lifecycle.
HOST PROTECTION USING PROCESS WHITE-LISTING, DECEPTION AND REPUTATION SERVICESAM Publications,India
The Internet or World Wide Web has become prominent platform for business and commerce and is witnessing user growth with increased penetration of mobile Internet. Huge traffic is being generated, some of it being legitimate and the rest being malicious. Hence the implementation and maintenance of Information Security programs is been done .In the age of the Internet, protecting our information has become just as important as protecting our property. Malware authors have found and exploited new zero-day vulnerabilities resulting in damage to end-user system. Ransomware, a malware that has taken malware attacks to a new level by locking files of the affected user and demand Bitcoin payment to unlock those files. On the other hand the Volume and frequency of Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks have increased. Many unpatched machines without the knowledge of its owners have become a part of Botnets which carry out DDoS attacks. This paper focuses on strategies to be adopted to protect individual hosts from malware attacks and other types of intrusions using Deception, White-Listing and Reputation Services.
Phishing is the fraudulent acquisition of personal information like username, password, credit card information, etc. by tricking an individual into believing that the attacker is a trustworthy entity. It is affecting all the major sector of industry day by day with lots of misuse of user’s credentials. So in today
online environment we need to protect the data from phishing and safeguard our information, which can be done through anti-phishing tools. Currently there are many freely available anti-phishing browser extensions tools that warns user when they are browsing a suspected phishing site. In this paper we did a literature survey of some of the commonly and popularly used anti-phishing browser extensions by reviewing the existing anti-phishing techniques along with their merits and demerits.
Multi level parsing based approach against phishing attacks with the help of ...IJNSA Journal
The increasing use of internet all over the world, be it in households or in corporate firms, has led to an
unprecedented rise in cyber-crimes. Amongst these the major chunk consists of Internet attacks which are
the most popular and common attacks are carried over the internet. Generally phishing attacks, SSL
attacks and some other hacking attacks are kept into this category. Security against these attacks is the
major issue of internet security in today’s scenario where internet has very deep penetration. Internet has
no doubt made our lives very convenient. It has provided many facilities to us at penny’s cost. For instance
it has made communication lightning fast and that too at a very cheap cost. But internet can pose added
threats for those users who are not well versed in the ways of internet and unaware of the security risks
attached with it. Phishing Attacks, Nigerian Scam, Spam attacks, SSL attacks and other hacking attacks are
some of the most common and recent attacks to compromise the privacy of the internet users. Many a times
if the user isn’t careful, then these attacks are able to steal the confidential information of user (or
unauthorized access). Generally these attacks are carried out with the help of social networking sites,
popular mail server sites, online chatting sites etc. Nowadays, Facebook.com, gmail.com, orkut.com and
many other social networking sites are facing these security attack problems.
MULTI-LEVEL PARSING BASED APPROACH AGAINST PHISHING ATTACKS WITH THE HELP OF ...IJNSA Journal
The increasing use of internet all over the world, be it in households or in corporate firms, has led to an unprecedented rise in cyber-crimes. Amongst these the major chunk consists of Internet attacks which are the most popular and common attacks are carried over the internet. Generally phishing attacks, SSL attacks and some other hacking attacks are kept into this category. Security against these attacks is the major issue of internet security in today’s scenario where internet has very deep penetration. Internet has no doubt made our lives very convenient. It has provided many facilities to us at penny’s cost. For instance it has made communication lightning fast and that too at a very cheap cost. But internet can pose added threats for those users who are not well versed in the ways of internet and unaware of the security risks attached with it. Phishing Attacks, Nigerian Scam, Spam attacks, SSL attacks and other hacking attacks are some of the most common and recent attacks to compromise the privacy of the internet users. Many a times if the user isn’t careful, then these attacks are able to steal the confidential information of user (or unauthorized access). Generally these attacks are carried out with the help of social networking sites, popular mail server sites, online chatting sites etc. Nowadays, Facebook.com, gmail.com, orkut.com and many other social networking sites are facing these security attack problems.
This paper discusses a Knowledge Base Compound approach which is based on query operations and parsing techniques to counter these internet attacks using the web browser itself. In this approach we propose to analyze the web URLs before visiting the actual site, so as to provide security against web attacks mentioned above. This approach employs various parsing operations and query processing which use many techniques to detect the phishing attacks as well as other web attacks. The aforementioned approach is completely based on operation through the browser and hence only affects the speed of browsing. This approach also includes Crawling operation to detect the URL details to further enhance the precision of detection of a compromised site. Using the proposed methodology, a new browser can easily detects the phishing attacks, SSL attacks, and other hacking attacks. With the use of this browser approach, we can easily achieve 96.94% security against phishing as well as other web based attacks.
INTRUSION DETECTION IN MULTITIER WEB APPLICATIONS USING DOUBLEGUARDIJCI JOURNAL
Today, the use of distinct internet services and their applications by people are increase in very large amount. Due to its usage, it results the increase in data complexity. So, web services turn their focus on multi-tier design where web server acts as front-end and database server acts as back-end. Attackers try to hack personal data by targeting database server, hence it need to provide more security to both web server and database server. In this paper, the doubleguard system proposes an efficient intrusion detection and prevention system which detects and prevents various attacks in multi-tier web applications. This IDS system keeps track of all user sessions across both web server and database server. For this, it allocates the dedicated web container to each user’s session. Each user is associated with unique session ID which enhances more security. The system built well correlated model for website and detects and prevents various type of attacks. The system is implemented by using Apache webserver with MySQL.
Johnson County Community College Cyber Security: A Brief Overview for Programmers by David Chaponniere discusses cyber security threats facing programmers as more devices connect to the internet. It outlines common attacks like phishing, use of vulnerable components, and cross-site scripting. The document recommends programmers prevent attacks through continuous education on latest threats, keeping code updated, testing for security flaws, and restricting access to sensitive code. With billions more devices expected to connect by 2020, protecting user privacy and data from attacks will be vital for technology to safely enhance daily life.
The following slides present an
application security checklist — a look at how your company can counter the
impact of seven top application security threats.
IRJET- Survey on Web Application VulnerabilitiesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes vulnerabilities in web applications. It begins by explaining how web applications work, utilizing client-side scripts, server-side scripts, a web server, application server, and database. It then discusses common vulnerabilities including authentication issues like brute force attacks and weak password recovery. Authorization vulnerabilities are also outlined such as session prediction, insufficient session expiration, and session fixation. Client-side attacks like content spoofing and cross-site scripting are explained. In closing, the document provides an overview of web application security vulnerabilities and how attacks can exploit weaknesses.
Considering that most people have used mobile applications like PUB-G, Instagram, and WhatsApp. I will give you an example of a web application that is also a mobile app. Now assume you’ve lost your mobile or your mobile is switched off, and you are willing to scroll the insta feed. What will you do? Login to your account through Google Chrome. Right? And that’s it, as you can use your Instagram by using a web browser. It is called a web application. A few famous examples of web applications are Facebook, MakeMyTrip, Flipboard, and the 2048 Game.
https://www.infosectrain.com/blog/domain-5-of-the-ceh-web-application-hacking/
This document discusses the 5th domain of the Certified Ethical Hacking (CEH) exam - Web Application Hacking. It defines a web application as software that performs tasks through a web browser. The document outlines common web application hacking techniques like SQL injection, cross-site scripting (XSS), and fuzzing. It also discusses vulnerabilities from unvalidated user inputs, directory traversal attacks, and defense mechanisms like authentication, secure data handling, and auditing.
Analysis of XSS attack Mitigation techniques based on Platforms and Browserscscpconf
In the recent years, everything is in web. It may be Organization’s administration software,
Custom ERP application, Employee portals or Real estate portals. The Social networking sites
like Face book, Twitter, MySpace which is a web application is been used by millions of users
around the world. So web applications have become very popular among users. Hence they are
observed and may be exploited by hackers. Researchers and industry experts state that the
Cross-site Scripting (XSS) is the one of the top most vulnerabilities in the web application. The
cross-site scripting has become a common vulnerability of many web sites and web
applications. XSS consists in the exploitation of input validation flaws, with the purpose of
injecting arbitrary script code which is later executed at the web browser of the victim.
According to OSWAP, Cross-site scripting attacks on web applications have experienced an
important rise in recent year. This demands an efficient approach on the server side to protect
the users of the application as the reason for the vulnerability primarily lies on the server side.
The actual exploitation is within the victim’s web browser on the client-side. Therefore, an
operator of a web application has only very limited evidence of XSS issues. However, there are
many solutions for this vulnerability. But such techniques may degrade the performance of the
system. In such scenarios challenge is to decide which method, platform, browser and
middleware can be used to overcome the vulnerabilities, with reasonable performance over
head to the system. Inspired by this problem, we present performance comparison of two mitigation techniques for Cross-site Scripting (XSS) at the server side based on the parameters like application’s platform, middleware technology and browser used by the end user. We implemented Mitigation parsing technique using database and replace technique in different platforms, middleware and checked its performance. We calculated the time taken by different browsers to render the pages using two techniques under different platform and middleware. In this paper we proposed the best combination of development platform, browser and the middleware for the two mitigation technique with respect to developer and end users.
Risk and Threat Assessment Report Anthony WolfBSA 5.docxjoellemurphey
Risk and Threat Assessment Report
Anthony Wolf
BSA/ 520
May 11th, 2020
Jeffery McDonough
Running head: RISK AND THREAT ASSESSMENT REPORT
1
RISK AND THREAT ASSESMENT REPORT
2
Risk and Threat Assessment Report
The rise of innovation and technological advancement has affected the aspects of technology in different ways. Improvement of software and operating systems gives hackers a reason to strive and develop more complex forms of overweighing security measures on those applications. Traditional application security best practices and secure coding are often recommended in protecting different applications against runtime attacks.
Runtime application self-protection is an emerging application in the protection of software applications, data, and databases. The increase in attacks has triggered the development of security technology that is linked or build into an application runtime environment. Besides, database deployment is safeguarded by run time application self-protection that can control the execution of applications, detecting, and preventing real-time attacks. The threats and risks associated with operating systems, networks, and software systems are significant concerns to users.
The internet has changed how people do their businesses. With the growth of e-commerce and other online transactions, there has been a subsequent increase in internet risk threats that are commonly occasioned by hacking and malware attacks. There are different types of e-commerce threats and might be accidental, deliberately done by perpetrators, or occur due to human error. The most prevalent threats are money theft, unprotected services, credit card fraud, hacking, data misuse, and phishing attacks. Heats associated with online transactions can be prevented or reduced by keeping the credit cards safe. Consumers/customers should be advised to avoid carrying their credit cards in their wallets since they increase the chances of misplacement. Each buyer should be cautious when using their you’re their online credit information.
The advancement in technology has seen an increase in online transactions. The practice of doing business transactions via the internet is called e-commerce. Their growth has subsequently lead to the rise in internet risk threats that are commonly occasioned by hacking and malware attacks. E-commerce is the activity of conducting transactions via the internet. Internet transactions can be drawn on various technologies, including internet marketing, electronic data exchanges, automated data collection systems, electronic fund transfer, and mobile commerce.
Online transaction threats occur by using the internet for unfair means with the aim of fraud, security breach, and stealing. The use of electronic payment systems has a substantial risk of fraud. It uses the identity of a customer to authorize a payment like security questions and passwords. If someone accesses a customer's password, he will gain access to his accounts and ...
This document discusses secure web application development and preventing common vulnerabilities. It begins with an introduction on why web applications are often vulnerable and the importance of secure development. It then provides details on secure development lifecycles and practices, describes top vulnerabilities like injection flaws and cross-site scripting, and provides guidance on how to prevent each vulnerability through practices like input validation, output encoding, and access controls. The goal is to help developers understand security risks and how to build more robust applications through secure coding and threat modeling.
The primary objective for analysis of web application penetration test is to identify exploitable vulnerabilities in applications before hackers are able to discover and exploit them. Web application penetration testing will reveal real-world opportunities for hackers to be able to compromise applications in such a way that allows for unauthorized access to sensitive data or even take-over systems for malicious/non-business purposes.
This is an era of technology and Internet is one o f the them which has changed the world the most in last decades. It is open and so anyone can use it to get information about anything, people have been using it for educational, business, social connections and every day work purposes. But the matter of fact is door open in both directions, bad people with bad intensions stared using this technology for evil intensions. They are stealing personal data, financial information, government secrets and many others are target of those people. In this paper we will discuss about vulnerabilities present currently in the network, some case studies and later recommendations to avoid vulnerabilities and prevent them from exploitations are also discussed.
This document provides an overview of cyber security topics including threats to internet and network security, cyber laws in India, and career opportunities in cyber security. It discusses common internet threats like email threats from phishing and viruses, website threats from SQL injection and cross-site scripting attacks, and network threats from trojans and spyware. Basic steps for securing email and privacy are outlined. Cyber security is important to protect against hackers and online fraud, and India has cyber laws governing internet usage and data protection.
The document discusses various cyber security topics including internet threats, network attacks, phone hacking, and credit/debit card hacking. It provides details on common threats such as email threats, website vulnerabilities, network scanning techniques, mobile malware, and credit card encryption weaknesses. It also offers countermeasures to help protect against these threats, including keeping software updated, using firewalls and antivirus software, input sanitization, and being wary of suspicious links and downloads.
Intrusion detection architecture for different network attackseSAT Journals
Abstract Now these days most of the work is carried out by internet. So web application becomes important part of today’s life, such as online banking, social networking, online shopping, enabling communication and management of personal information. So web services now have shifted to multi-tier design to accommodate this increase in web application and data complexity. Due to this high use of web application networks attacks increased with malicious purpose. DoubleGuard is an Intrusion Detection System helps to detect and prevent the networks attacks. DoubleGuard is able to find out attacks after checking web and database requests. Along with this, in this paper adding one more level that is admin, it is responsible for the training to the system, log generation, blacklist and employee entry. This IDS system provides security to prevent both the web server and database server. Key Words: DoubleGuard; Web Application; Multitier; IDS; Attacks.
Call for Papers - 5th International Conference on Cloud, Big Data and IoT (CB...ijistjournal
5th International Conference on Cloud, Big Data and IoT (CBIoT 2024) will act as a major forum for the presentation of innovative ideas, approaches, developments, and research projects in the areas of Cloud, Big Data and IoT. It will also serve to facilitate the exchange of information between researchers and industry professionals to discuss the latest issues and advancement in the area of Cloud, Big Data and IoT.
Authors are solicited to contribute to the conference by submitting articles that illustrate research results, projects, surveying works and industrial experiences that describe significant advances in Cloud, Big Data and IoT.
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF PARALLEL IMPLEMENTATION OF ADVANCED ENCRYPTION STANDA...ijistjournal
Cryptography is the study of mathematical techniques related to aspects of information security such as confidentiality, data integrity, entity authentication, and data origin authentication. Most cryptographic algorithms function more efficiently when implemented in hardware than in software running on single processor. However, systems that use hardware implementations have significant drawbacks: they are unable to respond to flaws discovered in the implemented algorithm or to changes in standards. As an alternative, it is possible to implement cryptographic algorithms in software running on multiple processors. However, most of the cryptographic algorithms like DES (Data Encryption Standard) or 3DES have some drawbacks when implemented in software: DES is no longer secure as computers get more powerful while 3DES is relatively sluggish in software. AES (Advanced Encryption Standard), which is rapidly being adopted worldwide, provides a better combination of performance and enhanced network security than DES or 3DES by being computationally more efficient than these earlier standards. Furthermore, by supporting large key sizes of 128, 192, and 256 bits, AES offers higher security against brute-force attacks.
In this paper, AES has been implemented with single processor. Then the result has been compared with parallel implementations of AES with 2 varying different parameters such as key size, number of rounds and extended key size, and show how parallel implementation of the AES offers better performance yet flexible enough for cryptographic algorithms.
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Slides from data MindsConnect 2018 Conference hosted at Ghelamnco Arena in Ghent by Belgian SQL Server USer Grup. SECDev(OPS) How to embrace your security.
What Makes Web Applications Desirable For HackersJaime Manteiga
Unethical hackers target web applications for several reasons including financial gain, ideology, fun, and espionage. They communicate and sell stolen data on dark web forums using cryptocurrency, with some data selling for as little as $10. To protect applications, developers should follow best practices like the OWASP Top 10, implement web application firewalls, conduct security scans and assessments, and formalize a secure software development lifecycle.
HOST PROTECTION USING PROCESS WHITE-LISTING, DECEPTION AND REPUTATION SERVICESAM Publications,India
The Internet or World Wide Web has become prominent platform for business and commerce and is witnessing user growth with increased penetration of mobile Internet. Huge traffic is being generated, some of it being legitimate and the rest being malicious. Hence the implementation and maintenance of Information Security programs is been done .In the age of the Internet, protecting our information has become just as important as protecting our property. Malware authors have found and exploited new zero-day vulnerabilities resulting in damage to end-user system. Ransomware, a malware that has taken malware attacks to a new level by locking files of the affected user and demand Bitcoin payment to unlock those files. On the other hand the Volume and frequency of Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks have increased. Many unpatched machines without the knowledge of its owners have become a part of Botnets which carry out DDoS attacks. This paper focuses on strategies to be adopted to protect individual hosts from malware attacks and other types of intrusions using Deception, White-Listing and Reputation Services.
Phishing is the fraudulent acquisition of personal information like username, password, credit card information, etc. by tricking an individual into believing that the attacker is a trustworthy entity. It is affecting all the major sector of industry day by day with lots of misuse of user’s credentials. So in today
online environment we need to protect the data from phishing and safeguard our information, which can be done through anti-phishing tools. Currently there are many freely available anti-phishing browser extensions tools that warns user when they are browsing a suspected phishing site. In this paper we did a literature survey of some of the commonly and popularly used anti-phishing browser extensions by reviewing the existing anti-phishing techniques along with their merits and demerits.
Multi level parsing based approach against phishing attacks with the help of ...IJNSA Journal
The increasing use of internet all over the world, be it in households or in corporate firms, has led to an
unprecedented rise in cyber-crimes. Amongst these the major chunk consists of Internet attacks which are
the most popular and common attacks are carried over the internet. Generally phishing attacks, SSL
attacks and some other hacking attacks are kept into this category. Security against these attacks is the
major issue of internet security in today’s scenario where internet has very deep penetration. Internet has
no doubt made our lives very convenient. It has provided many facilities to us at penny’s cost. For instance
it has made communication lightning fast and that too at a very cheap cost. But internet can pose added
threats for those users who are not well versed in the ways of internet and unaware of the security risks
attached with it. Phishing Attacks, Nigerian Scam, Spam attacks, SSL attacks and other hacking attacks are
some of the most common and recent attacks to compromise the privacy of the internet users. Many a times
if the user isn’t careful, then these attacks are able to steal the confidential information of user (or
unauthorized access). Generally these attacks are carried out with the help of social networking sites,
popular mail server sites, online chatting sites etc. Nowadays, Facebook.com, gmail.com, orkut.com and
many other social networking sites are facing these security attack problems.
MULTI-LEVEL PARSING BASED APPROACH AGAINST PHISHING ATTACKS WITH THE HELP OF ...IJNSA Journal
The increasing use of internet all over the world, be it in households or in corporate firms, has led to an unprecedented rise in cyber-crimes. Amongst these the major chunk consists of Internet attacks which are the most popular and common attacks are carried over the internet. Generally phishing attacks, SSL attacks and some other hacking attacks are kept into this category. Security against these attacks is the major issue of internet security in today’s scenario where internet has very deep penetration. Internet has no doubt made our lives very convenient. It has provided many facilities to us at penny’s cost. For instance it has made communication lightning fast and that too at a very cheap cost. But internet can pose added threats for those users who are not well versed in the ways of internet and unaware of the security risks attached with it. Phishing Attacks, Nigerian Scam, Spam attacks, SSL attacks and other hacking attacks are some of the most common and recent attacks to compromise the privacy of the internet users. Many a times if the user isn’t careful, then these attacks are able to steal the confidential information of user (or unauthorized access). Generally these attacks are carried out with the help of social networking sites, popular mail server sites, online chatting sites etc. Nowadays, Facebook.com, gmail.com, orkut.com and many other social networking sites are facing these security attack problems.
This paper discusses a Knowledge Base Compound approach which is based on query operations and parsing techniques to counter these internet attacks using the web browser itself. In this approach we propose to analyze the web URLs before visiting the actual site, so as to provide security against web attacks mentioned above. This approach employs various parsing operations and query processing which use many techniques to detect the phishing attacks as well as other web attacks. The aforementioned approach is completely based on operation through the browser and hence only affects the speed of browsing. This approach also includes Crawling operation to detect the URL details to further enhance the precision of detection of a compromised site. Using the proposed methodology, a new browser can easily detects the phishing attacks, SSL attacks, and other hacking attacks. With the use of this browser approach, we can easily achieve 96.94% security against phishing as well as other web based attacks.
INTRUSION DETECTION IN MULTITIER WEB APPLICATIONS USING DOUBLEGUARDIJCI JOURNAL
Today, the use of distinct internet services and their applications by people are increase in very large amount. Due to its usage, it results the increase in data complexity. So, web services turn their focus on multi-tier design where web server acts as front-end and database server acts as back-end. Attackers try to hack personal data by targeting database server, hence it need to provide more security to both web server and database server. In this paper, the doubleguard system proposes an efficient intrusion detection and prevention system which detects and prevents various attacks in multi-tier web applications. This IDS system keeps track of all user sessions across both web server and database server. For this, it allocates the dedicated web container to each user’s session. Each user is associated with unique session ID which enhances more security. The system built well correlated model for website and detects and prevents various type of attacks. The system is implemented by using Apache webserver with MySQL.
Johnson County Community College Cyber Security: A Brief Overview for Programmers by David Chaponniere discusses cyber security threats facing programmers as more devices connect to the internet. It outlines common attacks like phishing, use of vulnerable components, and cross-site scripting. The document recommends programmers prevent attacks through continuous education on latest threats, keeping code updated, testing for security flaws, and restricting access to sensitive code. With billions more devices expected to connect by 2020, protecting user privacy and data from attacks will be vital for technology to safely enhance daily life.
The following slides present an
application security checklist — a look at how your company can counter the
impact of seven top application security threats.
IRJET- Survey on Web Application VulnerabilitiesIRJET Journal
This document summarizes vulnerabilities in web applications. It begins by explaining how web applications work, utilizing client-side scripts, server-side scripts, a web server, application server, and database. It then discusses common vulnerabilities including authentication issues like brute force attacks and weak password recovery. Authorization vulnerabilities are also outlined such as session prediction, insufficient session expiration, and session fixation. Client-side attacks like content spoofing and cross-site scripting are explained. In closing, the document provides an overview of web application security vulnerabilities and how attacks can exploit weaknesses.
Considering that most people have used mobile applications like PUB-G, Instagram, and WhatsApp. I will give you an example of a web application that is also a mobile app. Now assume you’ve lost your mobile or your mobile is switched off, and you are willing to scroll the insta feed. What will you do? Login to your account through Google Chrome. Right? And that’s it, as you can use your Instagram by using a web browser. It is called a web application. A few famous examples of web applications are Facebook, MakeMyTrip, Flipboard, and the 2048 Game.
https://www.infosectrain.com/blog/domain-5-of-the-ceh-web-application-hacking/
This document discusses the 5th domain of the Certified Ethical Hacking (CEH) exam - Web Application Hacking. It defines a web application as software that performs tasks through a web browser. The document outlines common web application hacking techniques like SQL injection, cross-site scripting (XSS), and fuzzing. It also discusses vulnerabilities from unvalidated user inputs, directory traversal attacks, and defense mechanisms like authentication, secure data handling, and auditing.
Analysis of XSS attack Mitigation techniques based on Platforms and Browserscscpconf
In the recent years, everything is in web. It may be Organization’s administration software,
Custom ERP application, Employee portals or Real estate portals. The Social networking sites
like Face book, Twitter, MySpace which is a web application is been used by millions of users
around the world. So web applications have become very popular among users. Hence they are
observed and may be exploited by hackers. Researchers and industry experts state that the
Cross-site Scripting (XSS) is the one of the top most vulnerabilities in the web application. The
cross-site scripting has become a common vulnerability of many web sites and web
applications. XSS consists in the exploitation of input validation flaws, with the purpose of
injecting arbitrary script code which is later executed at the web browser of the victim.
According to OSWAP, Cross-site scripting attacks on web applications have experienced an
important rise in recent year. This demands an efficient approach on the server side to protect
the users of the application as the reason for the vulnerability primarily lies on the server side.
The actual exploitation is within the victim’s web browser on the client-side. Therefore, an
operator of a web application has only very limited evidence of XSS issues. However, there are
many solutions for this vulnerability. But such techniques may degrade the performance of the
system. In such scenarios challenge is to decide which method, platform, browser and
middleware can be used to overcome the vulnerabilities, with reasonable performance over
head to the system. Inspired by this problem, we present performance comparison of two mitigation techniques for Cross-site Scripting (XSS) at the server side based on the parameters like application’s platform, middleware technology and browser used by the end user. We implemented Mitigation parsing technique using database and replace technique in different platforms, middleware and checked its performance. We calculated the time taken by different browsers to render the pages using two techniques under different platform and middleware. In this paper we proposed the best combination of development platform, browser and the middleware for the two mitigation technique with respect to developer and end users.
Risk and Threat Assessment Report Anthony WolfBSA 5.docxjoellemurphey
Risk and Threat Assessment Report
Anthony Wolf
BSA/ 520
May 11th, 2020
Jeffery McDonough
Running head: RISK AND THREAT ASSESSMENT REPORT
1
RISK AND THREAT ASSESMENT REPORT
2
Risk and Threat Assessment Report
The rise of innovation and technological advancement has affected the aspects of technology in different ways. Improvement of software and operating systems gives hackers a reason to strive and develop more complex forms of overweighing security measures on those applications. Traditional application security best practices and secure coding are often recommended in protecting different applications against runtime attacks.
Runtime application self-protection is an emerging application in the protection of software applications, data, and databases. The increase in attacks has triggered the development of security technology that is linked or build into an application runtime environment. Besides, database deployment is safeguarded by run time application self-protection that can control the execution of applications, detecting, and preventing real-time attacks. The threats and risks associated with operating systems, networks, and software systems are significant concerns to users.
The internet has changed how people do their businesses. With the growth of e-commerce and other online transactions, there has been a subsequent increase in internet risk threats that are commonly occasioned by hacking and malware attacks. There are different types of e-commerce threats and might be accidental, deliberately done by perpetrators, or occur due to human error. The most prevalent threats are money theft, unprotected services, credit card fraud, hacking, data misuse, and phishing attacks. Heats associated with online transactions can be prevented or reduced by keeping the credit cards safe. Consumers/customers should be advised to avoid carrying their credit cards in their wallets since they increase the chances of misplacement. Each buyer should be cautious when using their you’re their online credit information.
The advancement in technology has seen an increase in online transactions. The practice of doing business transactions via the internet is called e-commerce. Their growth has subsequently lead to the rise in internet risk threats that are commonly occasioned by hacking and malware attacks. E-commerce is the activity of conducting transactions via the internet. Internet transactions can be drawn on various technologies, including internet marketing, electronic data exchanges, automated data collection systems, electronic fund transfer, and mobile commerce.
Online transaction threats occur by using the internet for unfair means with the aim of fraud, security breach, and stealing. The use of electronic payment systems has a substantial risk of fraud. It uses the identity of a customer to authorize a payment like security questions and passwords. If someone accesses a customer's password, he will gain access to his accounts and ...
This document discusses secure web application development and preventing common vulnerabilities. It begins with an introduction on why web applications are often vulnerable and the importance of secure development. It then provides details on secure development lifecycles and practices, describes top vulnerabilities like injection flaws and cross-site scripting, and provides guidance on how to prevent each vulnerability through practices like input validation, output encoding, and access controls. The goal is to help developers understand security risks and how to build more robust applications through secure coding and threat modeling.
The primary objective for analysis of web application penetration test is to identify exploitable vulnerabilities in applications before hackers are able to discover and exploit them. Web application penetration testing will reveal real-world opportunities for hackers to be able to compromise applications in such a way that allows for unauthorized access to sensitive data or even take-over systems for malicious/non-business purposes.
This is an era of technology and Internet is one o f the them which has changed the world the most in last decades. It is open and so anyone can use it to get information about anything, people have been using it for educational, business, social connections and every day work purposes. But the matter of fact is door open in both directions, bad people with bad intensions stared using this technology for evil intensions. They are stealing personal data, financial information, government secrets and many others are target of those people. In this paper we will discuss about vulnerabilities present currently in the network, some case studies and later recommendations to avoid vulnerabilities and prevent them from exploitations are also discussed.
This document provides an overview of cyber security topics including threats to internet and network security, cyber laws in India, and career opportunities in cyber security. It discusses common internet threats like email threats from phishing and viruses, website threats from SQL injection and cross-site scripting attacks, and network threats from trojans and spyware. Basic steps for securing email and privacy are outlined. Cyber security is important to protect against hackers and online fraud, and India has cyber laws governing internet usage and data protection.
The document discusses various cyber security topics including internet threats, network attacks, phone hacking, and credit/debit card hacking. It provides details on common threats such as email threats, website vulnerabilities, network scanning techniques, mobile malware, and credit card encryption weaknesses. It also offers countermeasures to help protect against these threats, including keeping software updated, using firewalls and antivirus software, input sanitization, and being wary of suspicious links and downloads.
Intrusion detection architecture for different network attackseSAT Journals
Abstract Now these days most of the work is carried out by internet. So web application becomes important part of today’s life, such as online banking, social networking, online shopping, enabling communication and management of personal information. So web services now have shifted to multi-tier design to accommodate this increase in web application and data complexity. Due to this high use of web application networks attacks increased with malicious purpose. DoubleGuard is an Intrusion Detection System helps to detect and prevent the networks attacks. DoubleGuard is able to find out attacks after checking web and database requests. Along with this, in this paper adding one more level that is admin, it is responsible for the training to the system, log generation, blacklist and employee entry. This IDS system provides security to prevent both the web server and database server. Key Words: DoubleGuard; Web Application; Multitier; IDS; Attacks.
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TECHNIQUES FOR ATTACKING WEB APPLICATION SECURITY
1. International Journal of Information Sciences and Techniques (IJIST) Vol.6, No.1/2, March 2016
DOI : 10.5121/ijist.2016.6205 45
TECHNIQUES FOR ATTACKING WEB
APPLICATION SECURITY
Rutvi Pradipkumar Adhyaru
Faculty of Computer Science & Applications, CHARUSAT, Changa, Gujarat
ABSTRACT
The web is absolutely necessary part of our lives. It is wide platform which is used for information
sharing and service over internet. They are used for the financial, government, healthcare, education
and many critical services. Everyday billions of user purchase items, transfer money, retrieve
information and communicate over web with each other. Although the web is best friend of users
because it provide anytime anywhere access to information and services at the same time. All things are
created by human in the world so its reality that the things created by man are little bit problematic. So
web applications are also created by human so it contains too many loopholes. The popularity of
applications allure hackers towards them. Now a Days Securing and maintaining the websites against
attack is very hard and challenging task. Finding loopholes in Web application, Computer system or
network and exploiting them called hacking. New approaches for web attacks are invented day to day so
the study of detect and prevent against web application attack and finding solution is important part in
internet world. In this paper we introduced all web application based attack including two major attacks
like XSS (Cross Site Scripting) and SQLI.
KEYWORDS
Web Application Attacks, Web Security, Vulnerability.
1. INTRODUCTION
Web application security and cyber security is Current, demandable and hot career field
subject. The World Wide Web becomes most important and global information medium in the
world. It quickly becomes most dominant way to provide access to online services. User use
web based applications to search data, exchange message, interact with each other, conduct
business, and perform financial operation and many more. For many users the web is very easy
to use and convenient because it provide 24 – hour anytime, anywhere access to information
and service for all concerned the stakes are high: A)business : that derive increasing income
from internet commerce. B) Users: Those who trust web application with sensitive
information. C) Criminals: Those who can make big money by stealing payment details or
compromising bank accounts.
2. PROBLEM OF WEB SECURITY
An important security research problem is how to enable user who is running a client on an
untrusted platform to securely communicate with the web application. Because some people want
to do business with insecure site. Some organization or companies don’t want to give the
information about their own security holes. So, it’s very hard task to get the reliable information
about the state of web security today. Too many sites are there that did not authenticate users
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because there was no need. Each user treated in a same way and was presented in same
information [4]. Any security threats arising from hosting a website were related largely to
vulnerabilities in web server software. If an attacker compromises a web server he would not gain
access to any sensitive information because the information held on the server was already open
to public view. An attacker typically would modify the files on the server to deface the website’s
contents. No user want to use web application if she believes her information will be disclosed
with unauthorized parties.
3. WORKING OF WEB APPLICATION
Web applications are computer program allowing website visitors to submit and retrieve data to
database over the internet using their preferred web browser. The World Wide Web consists of
websites and websites were collection of web pages [16]. There are mainly two types: 1) Static: a
web page is one that does not change when a user request it. The web server sends the page to
the requesting web browser without modifying it. 2) Dynamic: It’s modified by server before it
is sent to the requesting browser. Web browsers were invented as a means of retrieving and
displaying these documents. Web page contain HTML, images, script code and become more
user friendly but also exploits security loopholes. Each web application is different and may
contain unique vulnerability. Web application is mainly created to perform practically useful
functions you could possibly implement like,
Web mail services : Gmail, yahoo, Hotmail
Interactive information : Wikipedia
Social networking : Facebook, Myspace, hi5.com, twitter, LinkedIn, classmates
Shopping : Amazon, flip kart
Weblogs : blogger
Online calendars : Google calendar, o2 calendar, yahoo calendar
Online telephone directory : yellow.com, whitepages.com, anywho.com
Figure 1: Working of Web Application
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At client side, client sends request to particular task than at server side, client’s request processed
with web server using dynamic HTML pages through execution or interpretation[6]. If user is
authorized then server provides appropriate response to the client request otherwise it responds
with 401 errors for non-authorized client. It’s called http authentication and then web application
interact with backend database for storing and retrieving data. The programming language, state
maintenance, logic implementation and design differentiate web application from others.
Generally attacker attacks via Application Layer. Attacker sends attack inside valid http request.
Firewall, patching, IDS and SSL cannot detect or stop attack inside http request.
4. MISCONCEPTIONS REGARDING SECURITY
Some security misunderstandings are there,
Firewall protects my web server and database.
The IDS protects my server and database.
IDS configured to detect attacks.
Honey pot catches the attackers.
SSL secure my site.
SSL secure transaction of data between web server and browser of user.
These all misconceptions are wrong. SSL does not protect against the server and applications but
SSL is the hacker’s best friend due to false sense of security. There is one beautiful sentence said
by John Viegel and Gary McGraw that “Malicious hackers don’t create security holes; they
simply exploit them. Security holes and vulnerabilities – the real root cause of the problem – are
the result of bad software design and implementation.”
5. REASONS FOR ATTACKING WEB APPLICATIONS
Currently there are many privacy risks in web applications. Today too many websites are hacked
by anonymous. They target website because of different types of reasons. They are mentioned in
table 1.
Attack Goal %
Stealing Sensitive Information 42%
Defacement 23%
Planning Malware 15%
Unknown 08%
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Deceit 03%
Blackmail 03%
Link Spam 03%
Worm 01%
Phishing 01%
Information Warfare 01%
Table 1: Reasons for Attacks [12]
6. WEB APPLICATION VULNERABILITY
There are several different types of attacks used by hackers. These types of attacks and its usage
are mentioned in following Table 2.
Attack/Vulnerability Used % of use
SQL Injection 20%
Unintentional Information Disclosure 17%
Known Vulnerability 15%
Cross Site Scripting (XSS) 12%
Insufficient Access Control 10%
Credential/Session Prediction 08%
OS Commanding 03%
Security Misconfiguration 03%
Insufficient Ant automation 03%
Denial Of Service 03%
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Redirection 02%
Insufficient Session Expiration 02%
Cross Site Request Forgery(CSRF) 02%
Table 2: types of Attacks [12]
This all are the Vulnerability types and how much it’s usage. The SQL Injection and Cross Site
Scripting are the most famous vulnerabilities in web application. Generally web servers,
application servers, and web application environment are affected to following types of
vulnerabilities. The OWASP (Open Web Application Security Project) listed all security
vulnerability at [12].There are two types of attacks which are frequently used by hackers namely
SQL Injection attack and XSS (Cross Site Scripting) Attack. The following are the brief
explanation of each type of attack.
6.1 SQL Injection Attack
Injection means tricking an application into including unintended commands in the data sent to an
interpreter. Here what interpreter do. They take strings and interpret them as command. (SQL, OS
Shell, XPath, LDAP etc.) Any web application which accepts the user input as a basis of
performing database query may be vulnerable to SQL Injection. It use loopholes in the web
application that interact with database. In this attacker exploits input vulnerability and attempt to
send incorrect command or SQL query to the web application. These queries can fraud the
interpreter to display unauthorized data to hacker [11]. By this attack hacker can Read the
important information related to user (user name, password, email) from database. Access admin
account and perform all the operation which is done by only admin. Hacker can also modify data
by passing query. He run operating systems command on database server. There are also some
parts in SQL Injection;
Union Based SQL Injection
String Based SQL Injection
Error Based SQL Injection
6.2 Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
XSS is also one of the danger attack. In this attack hacker simply inject script in Webpages. These
pages are returned to client and malicious code will be executed in the browser of client with alert
popup. And by simply responding the web application hacks. (Ex. Attacker sets the trap – update
my profile then victim views page – see Attacker profile and script silently sends attacker
victim’s session cookie) . Hacker can Access cookies, session tokens, do remote code execution
and get sensitive data. We can classify xss into two classes’ server xss and client xss. There are
three types of xss;
o Stored XSS
o Reflected XSS
o Dom based XSS
Stored xss also known as persistent xss .This occur when hacker stored malicious script
permanently in target server like database, visitor log, and comment field or in URL. Reflected
xss occur when hacker insert inject script into some input field [13]. This is not permanent by
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refreshing page it will lost. And Dom base xss occur on client side when hacker enters malicious
script.
6.3 Broken Authentication / Session Management
This attack also like bypass authentication. Authentication is method utilized by web application
to verify that whether the user is authorize or not. Valid user’s password and username stored in
to database. This is a most frequent system for web application. Various action can broke the
authentication no matter its strong [11]. If the user authentication system of website is weak then
Hacker can take full advantage he can change the password, modify account information, and get
sensitive information.
6.4 Cross site request forgery (CSRF) :
This attack also like a XSS but there is one difference that is here attacker create forged http
request (e.g. Update account, login – logout, purchase process) and forced victim in to submitting
malicious action via image tags, XSS, or other techniques. In which he is authenticated such as
submitting http request through alert box or with other techniques [11]. If the user is authenticated
the attack succeeds. By this attack attacker can steal all the information or get the password or
username.
6.5 Insecure Direct Object References
When developer expose references to initial implementation object like file, dictionary, database
key. Without access control check or other protection attacker can manipulate these references to
access an authorized data hacker who is unauthorized simply changes a parameter value that
directly refers to the system object to another object the user isn’t authorized for [12].
6.6 Security Misconfiguration
Good security requires having a secure configuration defined and deployed for the application,
frameworks, application server, web server, database server and platform. In these types of attack
hacker accesses default accounts, unused pages, unpatched flaws, unprotected files and
dictionaries to gain unauthorized access or for the knowledge of the system.
6.7 Sensitive Data Exposure
Many applications do not properly protect important information like credit card, tax ID’s,
authentication Ids. Hacker may steal or change such weekly protected data to conduct credit card
fraud, id theft or other crimes. Hacker generally does not break cryptography. They break
something else such as steal keys, do man in middle attacks or steal clear text data of the server
while transit or from user’s browser.
6.8 Using Components with Known Vulnerability
Components like frameworks or software module always run with full privileges. If vulnerable
component exploited then attack can facilitate important data loss. In this hacker search a weak
component by scanning. He customizes the exploit as need and executes the attack. It gets more
danger if used component is deep in application.
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6.9 Invalidated Redirects and Forwards
Generally web application redirects users to another page or website and use untrusted data to
consider designation pages without proper validation. Hacker can redirect victim to phishing site.
Hacker links to redirect and forced victim to click. Since the link is to a valid site. Attacker
targets unsafe forward to bypass authentication.
6.10 Missing Function Level Access Control :
Mostly web applications verify function level rights before making that visible in the UI.
Application need to perform the same access control checks on the server when each function is
accessed. If request are not verified hacker, it will be able to forge requests in order to access
functionality without proper authorization. Hacker who is authorized user simply changes the
URL or a parameter to privileged system. He can also access private functions that aren’t
protected.
7. CONCLUSIONS
This paper presents an overview about the web application security area. It explains the different
types of attacks used by hackers and mainly focuses on SQL Injection and XSS types of danger
attack. Web security is required because Information is asset of any organization. Any breach in
information security can affect image of organization. Only 10% of people are aware about
hacking and hackers. Many techniques have been proposed to secure web application and
browser from attackers, but even so this technique still poor.
Future work will be on the SQL Injection in web security area because it’s a common but still
latest attack.
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Author
Rutvi Pradipkumar Adhyaru
Faculty of Computer Science and Application
Charotar University of Science & Technology