The Technical Round-Table on Livestock Risk Management brought together stakeholders from the livestock industry to discuss challenges and potential solutions. Key players from public and private insurers, micro-finance institutions, dairy service providers, research institutions, and government bodies participated. The round-table aimed to facilitate collaboration to improve livestock productivity and risk management. Major topics discussed included supply chain challenges, bundling insurance with other financial/non-financial products, and developing comprehensive products beyond death cover. The event highlighted commitments to collective efforts to protect small cattle owners from losses and support a sustainable livestock industry in India.
Dipecho v aan drr tool kit launching brief reportedmnepal
The DRR Toolkit for Constituent Assembly members of Nepal was launched on February 24, 2010. The toolkit was developed through a collaborative effort between various stakeholders to inform and sensitize policymakers on disaster risk reduction. It contains fact sheets on disasters in Nepal, the National Strategy for Disaster Risk Management, and other key information. Over 1,000 copies of the toolkit were distributed to assembly members, government officials, and other stakeholders with the goal of strengthening Nepal's legal and policy framework for disaster management and protecting development progress. The launching event was well-attended and key speakers emphasized the importance of coordinated action and long-term planning on disaster risk reduction issues.
Promoting adaptation through information: Flood insurance and weather insuranceCIRM
Mr Arindom Baidya, Agricultural Analyst at the Centre for Insurance and Risk Management presented on Promoting adaptation through information; flood insurance and weather insurance at the Financial Instruments for Climate Change Adaptation seminar on May 16th 2011.
The document discusses various topics related to credit cards including:
1) Costs associated with credit cards such as annual percentage rates, grace periods, annual fees, and transaction fees.
2) Features of credit cards like credit limits and which services are available.
3) Different methods for calculating finance charges such as average daily balance, adjusted balance, and previous balance.
4) Steps to take if denied credit, including disputing the denial or improving your creditworthiness.
This document discusses advantages and disadvantages of credit, the three Cs of creditworthiness (character, capital, and capacity), responsibilities and rights of credit users, how to build a credit history, how to read a credit report, types of credit, and how much debt one can reasonably afford based on a 20/10 rule of thumb. It is a teaching document about credit for teenagers.
La Unión Europea ha acordado un paquete de sanciones contra Rusia por su invasión de Ucrania. Las sanciones incluyen restricciones a las transacciones con bancos rusos clave y la prohibición de la venta de aviones y equipos a Rusia. Los líderes de la UE esperan que las sanciones aumenten la presión económica sobre Rusia y la disuadan de continuar su agresión contra Ucrania.
1. The document summarizes a seminar on Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojna (RSBY), a public-private partnership health insurance scheme in India.
2. The keynote speaker, Mr. Anil Swarup, highlighted how RSBY aims to provide health security for the poor through facilitating private market players rather than regulation, and leveraging technology to prevent fraud and allow real-time management.
3. RSBY also seeks to empower beneficiaries through choice of hospitals and portability of benefits, and create competition to improve quality of care. It could serve as a model for expanding India's social security system nationally and beyond.
Dipecho v aan drr tool kit launching brief reportedmnepal
The DRR Toolkit for Constituent Assembly members of Nepal was launched on February 24, 2010. The toolkit was developed through a collaborative effort between various stakeholders to inform and sensitize policymakers on disaster risk reduction. It contains fact sheets on disasters in Nepal, the National Strategy for Disaster Risk Management, and other key information. Over 1,000 copies of the toolkit were distributed to assembly members, government officials, and other stakeholders with the goal of strengthening Nepal's legal and policy framework for disaster management and protecting development progress. The launching event was well-attended and key speakers emphasized the importance of coordinated action and long-term planning on disaster risk reduction issues.
Promoting adaptation through information: Flood insurance and weather insuranceCIRM
Mr Arindom Baidya, Agricultural Analyst at the Centre for Insurance and Risk Management presented on Promoting adaptation through information; flood insurance and weather insurance at the Financial Instruments for Climate Change Adaptation seminar on May 16th 2011.
The document discusses various topics related to credit cards including:
1) Costs associated with credit cards such as annual percentage rates, grace periods, annual fees, and transaction fees.
2) Features of credit cards like credit limits and which services are available.
3) Different methods for calculating finance charges such as average daily balance, adjusted balance, and previous balance.
4) Steps to take if denied credit, including disputing the denial or improving your creditworthiness.
This document discusses advantages and disadvantages of credit, the three Cs of creditworthiness (character, capital, and capacity), responsibilities and rights of credit users, how to build a credit history, how to read a credit report, types of credit, and how much debt one can reasonably afford based on a 20/10 rule of thumb. It is a teaching document about credit for teenagers.
La Unión Europea ha acordado un paquete de sanciones contra Rusia por su invasión de Ucrania. Las sanciones incluyen restricciones a las transacciones con bancos rusos clave y la prohibición de la venta de aviones y equipos a Rusia. Los líderes de la UE esperan que las sanciones aumenten la presión económica sobre Rusia y la disuadan de continuar su agresión contra Ucrania.
1. The document summarizes a seminar on Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojna (RSBY), a public-private partnership health insurance scheme in India.
2. The keynote speaker, Mr. Anil Swarup, highlighted how RSBY aims to provide health security for the poor through facilitating private market players rather than regulation, and leveraging technology to prevent fraud and allow real-time management.
3. RSBY also seeks to empower beneficiaries through choice of hospitals and portability of benefits, and create competition to improve quality of care. It could serve as a model for expanding India's social security system nationally and beyond.
Makalah ini membahas landasan sosiologis dan psikologis pendidikan jasmani dan olahraga. Pendidikan jasmani dan olahraga berperan dalam membantu siswa berinteraksi secara sosial dan mengembangkan kemampuan fisik dan mental mereka. Psikologi olahraga berfokus pada faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi prestasi atlet.
The document discusses a technology workshop program for 8th grade students at a New Zealand intermediate school. It provides details on the budget, equipment, projects students completed in 2009-2010, and challenges and tips for running the workshop program. It proposes replacing inventor kit projects in 2011 with having all students develop a 21st century cabinet incorporating a microcontroller.
This document presents the 2010 classification criteria for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) developed by a joint working group from the American College of Rheumatology and European League Against Rheumatism. The new criteria focus on identifying factors in patients newly presenting with undifferentiated inflammatory synovitis that are associated with persistent and/or erosive disease. Classification as definite RA requires synovitis in at least one joint, no alternative diagnosis, and a score of 6 or higher based on the number and site of involved joints, serologic abnormalities, elevated acute-phase response, and symptom duration. This redefines RA by focusing on earlier disease features associated with persistence rather than late-stage features.
Apple is planning to launch a full subscription music service leveraging its over 125 million iTunes users. This would have major implications for current subscription services like Spotify and Rhapsody. By introducing subscriptions, Apple will be able to clearly predict revenue streams and outgrow other services with even a small conversion rate of users. This could shift the music industry to a new economic basis centered around streaming access rather than individual ownership of music files or discs.
Kagad kach patra kashtkari panchayat health insurance schemeCIRM
The document describes a health insurance scheme for waste pickers in Pune, Maharashtra, India. Key points:
1) The scheme provides basic hospitalization coverage up to Rs. 5000 for waste pickers registered with the Kagad Kach Patra Kashtkari Panchayat union.
2) The Pune Municipal Corporation pays the annual premium for over 5000 enrolled waste pickers.
3) Coverage and enrollment have increased over time. Claims are processed via reimbursement at any registered hospital in Pune.
The document discusses several major empires and events in history:
1) Alexander the Great created a large European empire seeking peace and religious harmony. Rome offered civilization and laws but also strived for domination. The Roman Empire eventually fell due to invasions, economic troubles, and loss of virtue.
2) Early Portuguese voyages to Africa sponsored exploration hoping to find riches. Europeans then explored and colonized other parts of the world, spreading Christianity through missionaries.
3) All major empires practiced slavery until the 19th century. Between 1492-1820, over 5 times as many Africans went to America than Europeans in the transatlantic slave trade. Slavery was eventually abolished
This study aims to evaluate residents' perceptions of new duty hour regulations that will take effect in July 2011. The document outlines changes to duty hour requirements according to the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME), including reductions in maximum duty periods from 30 hours to 16 hours for first-year residents and 24 hours for others, increased minimum time off between shifts from 10 hours to 14 hours after 24 hours of call, and restrictions on moonlighting and home call duties. Residents will complete a survey about their views on the new regulations.
The document defines integers and their properties like positive and negative numbers. It introduces rules for adding and subtracting integers, such as adding numbers with the same sign and subtracting numbers with different signs. It also explains how to use a number line to visualize adding integers. Finally, it demonstrates how to prove that subtracting a negative number is the same as adding a positive number by using the subtraction checking method.
The document outlines a music video pitch for Coldplay's song "The Scientist". It details the song background, codes and conventions that will be used, main actors and why they were chosen, locations, props, flashbacks, illusions, target audience, and two ancillary tasks - a CD cover and magazine advertisement that will be produced.
The document contains an exclamation that the speaker is located in the city of Ulm. No other context or information is provided about the speaker, their purpose for being in Ulm, or any other relevant details. The short message simply states that the speaker is in the city of Ulm.
Regeldit.nl: bedrijfsjuristen voor ondernemers, gaf een presentatie over werken met de zzp en de juridische kaders die daar bij horen. Neem contact op voor meer info, of ga naar www.regeldit.nl.
1) In mid-19th century California, much of the land was claimed privately, leaving little for growth, and land titles switched from Mexican to American ownership as claims were validated.
2) California's capital moved between several cities before being established in Sacramento, and higher education institutions and religious buildings were established as the population grew.
3) The Transcontinental Railroad was constructed in the 1860s to link California with the rest of the country, employing many Chinese immigrant laborers.
The document summarizes programs and services available to students at the University Teaching and Learning Center (TLC) including courses on study skills, tutoring in various subjects, standardized exam preparation workshops, and two grant-funded programs for eligible undergraduates. The TLC offers courses, individual consultations, tutoring, math and writing labs, and workshops to help students improve study skills and academic performance. Student Support Services and the McNair Scholars Program provide comprehensive support through graduation and scholarships for research experience respectively to students who meet eligibility criteria.
The document provides an overview of the Information Technology Act of 2000 passed by the Indian Parliament. The key points are:
1. The Act aims to provide legal recognition to electronic transactions and commerce by facilitating electronic filing and use of digital signatures.
2. It defines cybercrimes like hacking and publishing obscene material and prescribes penalties like imprisonment and fines.
3. The Act recognizes digital signatures authenticated by Certifying Authorities as legally valid. It also defines terms like digital signatures, private/public keys, and encryption.
4. It provides for adjudication of cybercrimes and compensation up to Rs. 10 million for offenses like unauthorized access or tampering with computer systems.
The document summarizes a national conference on public-private partnerships for inclusive development held in New Delhi. The conference aimed to understand how partnerships can help alleviate poverty and discuss key questions around making the poor equal partners in development. It featured three tracks on social sector, private sector and donor/international initiatives for partnerships. Each track included two presentations and a discussion session. The day concluded with a panel discussion to debate learnings and formulate a way forward for such partnerships. The conference brought together heads of organizations from social, corporate and public sectors working in this space.
Report on the 5th Government Industry Dialogue on Digital Health, Medical Devices & Interoperability . This report is based on the deliberations of the the dialogue held between all stake-holders on 19th April hosted by the Disease Management Association of India , PCHA , Continua in partnership with Ministry of Health & Family Welfare , Department of Pharma , NHSRC, TIFAC , Government of India
Makalah ini membahas landasan sosiologis dan psikologis pendidikan jasmani dan olahraga. Pendidikan jasmani dan olahraga berperan dalam membantu siswa berinteraksi secara sosial dan mengembangkan kemampuan fisik dan mental mereka. Psikologi olahraga berfokus pada faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi prestasi atlet.
The document discusses a technology workshop program for 8th grade students at a New Zealand intermediate school. It provides details on the budget, equipment, projects students completed in 2009-2010, and challenges and tips for running the workshop program. It proposes replacing inventor kit projects in 2011 with having all students develop a 21st century cabinet incorporating a microcontroller.
This document presents the 2010 classification criteria for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) developed by a joint working group from the American College of Rheumatology and European League Against Rheumatism. The new criteria focus on identifying factors in patients newly presenting with undifferentiated inflammatory synovitis that are associated with persistent and/or erosive disease. Classification as definite RA requires synovitis in at least one joint, no alternative diagnosis, and a score of 6 or higher based on the number and site of involved joints, serologic abnormalities, elevated acute-phase response, and symptom duration. This redefines RA by focusing on earlier disease features associated with persistence rather than late-stage features.
Apple is planning to launch a full subscription music service leveraging its over 125 million iTunes users. This would have major implications for current subscription services like Spotify and Rhapsody. By introducing subscriptions, Apple will be able to clearly predict revenue streams and outgrow other services with even a small conversion rate of users. This could shift the music industry to a new economic basis centered around streaming access rather than individual ownership of music files or discs.
Kagad kach patra kashtkari panchayat health insurance schemeCIRM
The document describes a health insurance scheme for waste pickers in Pune, Maharashtra, India. Key points:
1) The scheme provides basic hospitalization coverage up to Rs. 5000 for waste pickers registered with the Kagad Kach Patra Kashtkari Panchayat union.
2) The Pune Municipal Corporation pays the annual premium for over 5000 enrolled waste pickers.
3) Coverage and enrollment have increased over time. Claims are processed via reimbursement at any registered hospital in Pune.
The document discusses several major empires and events in history:
1) Alexander the Great created a large European empire seeking peace and religious harmony. Rome offered civilization and laws but also strived for domination. The Roman Empire eventually fell due to invasions, economic troubles, and loss of virtue.
2) Early Portuguese voyages to Africa sponsored exploration hoping to find riches. Europeans then explored and colonized other parts of the world, spreading Christianity through missionaries.
3) All major empires practiced slavery until the 19th century. Between 1492-1820, over 5 times as many Africans went to America than Europeans in the transatlantic slave trade. Slavery was eventually abolished
This study aims to evaluate residents' perceptions of new duty hour regulations that will take effect in July 2011. The document outlines changes to duty hour requirements according to the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME), including reductions in maximum duty periods from 30 hours to 16 hours for first-year residents and 24 hours for others, increased minimum time off between shifts from 10 hours to 14 hours after 24 hours of call, and restrictions on moonlighting and home call duties. Residents will complete a survey about their views on the new regulations.
The document defines integers and their properties like positive and negative numbers. It introduces rules for adding and subtracting integers, such as adding numbers with the same sign and subtracting numbers with different signs. It also explains how to use a number line to visualize adding integers. Finally, it demonstrates how to prove that subtracting a negative number is the same as adding a positive number by using the subtraction checking method.
The document outlines a music video pitch for Coldplay's song "The Scientist". It details the song background, codes and conventions that will be used, main actors and why they were chosen, locations, props, flashbacks, illusions, target audience, and two ancillary tasks - a CD cover and magazine advertisement that will be produced.
The document contains an exclamation that the speaker is located in the city of Ulm. No other context or information is provided about the speaker, their purpose for being in Ulm, or any other relevant details. The short message simply states that the speaker is in the city of Ulm.
Regeldit.nl: bedrijfsjuristen voor ondernemers, gaf een presentatie over werken met de zzp en de juridische kaders die daar bij horen. Neem contact op voor meer info, of ga naar www.regeldit.nl.
1) In mid-19th century California, much of the land was claimed privately, leaving little for growth, and land titles switched from Mexican to American ownership as claims were validated.
2) California's capital moved between several cities before being established in Sacramento, and higher education institutions and religious buildings were established as the population grew.
3) The Transcontinental Railroad was constructed in the 1860s to link California with the rest of the country, employing many Chinese immigrant laborers.
The document summarizes programs and services available to students at the University Teaching and Learning Center (TLC) including courses on study skills, tutoring in various subjects, standardized exam preparation workshops, and two grant-funded programs for eligible undergraduates. The TLC offers courses, individual consultations, tutoring, math and writing labs, and workshops to help students improve study skills and academic performance. Student Support Services and the McNair Scholars Program provide comprehensive support through graduation and scholarships for research experience respectively to students who meet eligibility criteria.
The document provides an overview of the Information Technology Act of 2000 passed by the Indian Parliament. The key points are:
1. The Act aims to provide legal recognition to electronic transactions and commerce by facilitating electronic filing and use of digital signatures.
2. It defines cybercrimes like hacking and publishing obscene material and prescribes penalties like imprisonment and fines.
3. The Act recognizes digital signatures authenticated by Certifying Authorities as legally valid. It also defines terms like digital signatures, private/public keys, and encryption.
4. It provides for adjudication of cybercrimes and compensation up to Rs. 10 million for offenses like unauthorized access or tampering with computer systems.
The document summarizes a national conference on public-private partnerships for inclusive development held in New Delhi. The conference aimed to understand how partnerships can help alleviate poverty and discuss key questions around making the poor equal partners in development. It featured three tracks on social sector, private sector and donor/international initiatives for partnerships. Each track included two presentations and a discussion session. The day concluded with a panel discussion to debate learnings and formulate a way forward for such partnerships. The conference brought together heads of organizations from social, corporate and public sectors working in this space.
Report on the 5th Government Industry Dialogue on Digital Health, Medical Devices & Interoperability . This report is based on the deliberations of the the dialogue held between all stake-holders on 19th April hosted by the Disease Management Association of India , PCHA , Continua in partnership with Ministry of Health & Family Welfare , Department of Pharma , NHSRC, TIFAC , Government of India
Livestock insurance lessons from the indian experienceCIRM
The study began with an objective to develop a deeper understanding of livestock insurance sector challenges and to identify potential solutions to enable the growth and proliferation of livestock insurance in developing countries. As India is one of the largest markets for livestock insurance, and one where livestock insurance products have been in existence for the past many years, it was worth understanding the Indian livestock insurance market and learn from it about the various challenges faced, so that those challenges could be addressed efficiently in future in India and other developing markets. The study includes multiple dimensions, such as: understanding the Indian livestock insurance industry, challenges faced by insurers in massification of livestock insurance and various delivery channels presently in vogue in India. It also includes understanding the performance of livestock insurance products and the impact of various policy efforts by the Indian insurance regulator. The idea is to suggest possible catalysts necessary to ensure higher uptake of livestock insurance space. The study is targeted to benefit national and international livestock insurers, brokers, academia and aggregators like cattle cooperatives, MFIs, NGOs and dairies.
The document outlines the agenda for a two-day Micro Health Insurance Forum in 2011. Day 1 focuses on increasing access to micro health insurance through value-added services, streamlining pricing, diversifying distribution channels, and effective claims management. Day 2 covers using technology and telemedicine to reduce costs, involving service providers and microfinance institutions as stakeholders, and expanding coverage to low-income households through government schemes. The forum aims to discuss challenges and innovative solutions for mainstreaming micro health insurance in India.
The Aid & International Development Forum (AIDF) is hosting its 3rd Annual Food Security Summit on November 5th, 2015 in Putrajaya, Malaysia. The summit will focus on innovations and best practices in climate-smart agriculture. It will bring together international experts from organizations such as the UN, government agencies, NGOs, and the private sector to discuss technological innovations that can assist food security and development in Southeast Asia, particularly around agricultural policies, transformation, productivity, soil quality, early warning systems, and financing of agricultural projects. Previous AIDF food security summits were held in Bangkok in 2013 and Jakarta in 2014.
revised_Rabies report design layout_1-9-15 (high res)Hiral Anil Shah
This document summarizes discussions from a meeting on recent developments in rabies epidemiology and information sources in India. It provides background on rabies as a zoonotic disease in India, noting that India accounts for approximately 20,000 human deaths from rabies annually, or about 50% of the global burden. The meeting brought together experts from human health, veterinary health, wildlife, and other sectors to discuss transmission dynamics of rabies between sectors, management of rabies in India, and costs and benefits of rabies control interventions. Key recommendations included the need for more research on rabies transmission and epidemiology across sectors in India, as well as strengthening inter-sectoral coordination and taking a holistic "one health" approach
Healthcare Conference In India - Smart Tech Healthcare 2017samantha2005
Smart Tech Healthcare 2017 - 23rd & 24th November 2017, JW Marriott, Bangalore
For details visit: www.exploreexhibitions.com/healthcare
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DigiPharmaX 2016 - India's 1st Pharma Digital Excellence AwardsAnup Soans
Digitization and Mobility is driving a complete makeover of the Indian Pharma industry. In this context, DigiPharmaX Awards aims to recognize the digital & mobility initiatives of Pharma companies. In its evolved form DigiPharmaX forum aims to be an industry wide knowledge & best practices sharing platform.
This will in long run also help in recognizing the thought leaders who are leveraging technology to achieve improved efficiency, reach and cost optimization. This idea has been ably supported by Global Space Technologies and Microsoft who are pioneering this effort, backed by some of the most distinguished and reputed Media Houses.
The awards would be adjudged very transparently by a distinguished jury panel. Nominations are invited from the Pharmaceutical industry under the various categories as mentioned under ‘categories’.
The Jury has put in a standard process to scrutinize every nomination and the winners would be awarded at a function which will have a panel discussion by esteemed panelists followed by a festive evening and dinner at Mumbai.
SIP - BRANDING of RCF via “SAVE THE SPARROW CAMPAIGN”Prathamesh Gawane
Summer internship report on 'Save the sparrow' campaign proposed by RCF. This is proposed project which will help RCF to promote their product Sujala & to run this campaign successfully.
Boosting Uganda’s Investments in Livestock Development (2019-2023): Introduci...ILRI
Presented by Richard Erechu (MAAIF), Barbara Wieland (ILRI), Bernd-Alois Tenhagen (BfR), Karin Schlesier (BfR), Uwe Roesler (FUB), Ben Lukuyu (ILRI), Alice Litta-Mulundo (NaLIRRI), Fredrick Kabi (NaLIRRI) and Norbert Mencke (VSF-G) at the #BuildUganda Stakeholder Meeting, Kampala, Uganda, 7 June 2019
This document summarizes the agenda for the 2014 EGI Global Partner Retreat hosted in Bangkok, Thailand from November 22-24. It provides an overview of the sessions to be held over the 3 day retreat, including country-led presentations on key energy governance challenges, discussions on future grid research, sharing of advocacy approaches, and discussions on the future of EGI. A participant list is also included.
AIDF Aid & Response Summit: Asia 2015 - speaker brochureSonjaRue
The document provides information about the Aid & International Development Forum (AIDF) Asia summit on Mobile for Development, Disaster Resilience, and Operations taking place from June 16-18, 2015 in Bangkok, Thailand. The summit will bring together over 400 humanitarian experts and leaders from organizations like the UN, NGOs, governments, and private sector to discuss innovations in using mobile technologies for aid delivery, building disaster resilience, and improving emergency response operations in Southeast Asia. Topics will include mobile health programs, distance education, disaster risk reduction, early warning systems, and best practices for logistics and supply planning during humanitarian crises.
AfDB Integrated Safeguards System - Policy Statement and Operational SafeguardsDr Lendy Spires
On December 17, 2013 the Boards of the African Development Bank unanimously adopted the Integrated Safeguards System (ISS) – a cornerstone of the Bank’s strategy to promote growth that is socially inclusive and environmentally sustainable. Safeguards are a powerful tool for identifying risks, reducing development costs and improving project sustainability, thus benefiting affected communities and helping to preserve the environment.
With this Integrated Safeguards System the Bank will be better equipped to address emerging environmental and social development challenges. The Integrated Safeguards System not only promotes best practices in these areas but also encourages greater transparency and accountability. It upholds the voices of people who are affected by Bank-funded operations, especially the most vulnerable communities, by providing, for example, project-level grievance and redress mechanisms – a structured, systematic and managed way of allowing the voices and concerns of affected people to be heard and addressed during project planning and implementation.
The AfDB, in accordance with its mandate views economic and social rights as an integral part of human rights, and accordingly affirms that it respects the principles and values of human rights as set out in the UN Charter and the African Charter of Human and Peoples’ Rights. These were among the principles that guided the development of the Integrated Safeguards System. The AfDB encourages member countries to observe international human rights norms, standards, and best practices on the basis of their commitments made under the International Human Rights Covenants and the African Charter of Human and Peoples’ Rights.
The Integrated Safeguards System has been developed through extensive consultations. In particular, five regional workshops – in Nairobi, Lusaka, Libreville, Abuja and Rabat – provided the Bank with an opportunity to listen to and address concerns raised by our stakeholders and civil society.
All of this has contributed to what we believe is an unusually strong and well-considered policy package for the Bank – one that is built on broad experience – embodies today’s cutting-edge thinking, and will serve the Bank and Africa for many years to come.
It puts the Bank in the forefront of multilateral development banks, with a clear, integrated package of policies and procedures to address the safeguards issues that arise in development. We believe the Integrated Safeguards System will strengthen the Bank’s ability to carry out its mandate and will help increase the effectiveness and development impact of our operations.
But more than that, the Integrated Safeguards System will be one of the strongest tools we have for helping to promote the well-being of our true clients, Africa’s people.
The document provides an overview of the Indian leather industry, including its size, production centers, exports, and employment. It discusses the various segments of the industry such as tanning, footwear, and leather goods. It also covers issues related to the livestock sector, environmental impacts, research institutions, and a SWOT analysis. The largest production centers are in Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, and Uttar Pradesh. The industry generates significant exports and employment but also faces challenges related to the environment, social issues, and competition.
The document provides an overview of the Indian leather industry, including its size, production centers, exports, and employment. It discusses the various segments of the industry such as tanning, footwear, and leather goods. It also covers issues related to the environmental, social, and economic impacts of the industry. The top three states for tanneries are Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, and Uttar Pradesh. The industry faces challenges related to waste management, child labor, and competition from China and Italy.
CGIAR Diversity and Inclusion Conference ProgramCGIAR
The purpose of the Diversity and Inclusion Conference is to draw attention to the areas where there is still room for improvement with respect to (gender) diversity and inclusion, and to find ways together to work on these improvements both in research and in the workplace.
Presentation at the 95th Governing Board meeting (Program Committee) By Resea...ICRISAT
In support of SDG #2 and others, Research Program -Innovation Systems for the Drylands provide the knowledge, tools and capacity for enabling people in the drylands to transition towards sustainable and resilient farm and food systems. Some of the Priority research issues are listed in this presentation.
This document discusses the network of actors involved in India's medical tourism sector. The key links in the network are foreign travelers seeking medical care in India, foreign tour operators, Indian hospitals, insurance companies, Indian travel agents, tourist destinations, local tour operators, guides, hotels, local markets, medical referral companies, and government policymakers. These various actors interact directly or indirectly to form a network that brings medical tourists to India for treatment, provides related services, and benefits the local economy. The network aims to promote India as a destination for high-quality healthcare at an affordable cost.
Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana – Performance Trends and Policy RecommendationsCIRM
India is characterized by modest health indicators, a paucity of medical financing schemes that have reached scale, high per capita out-of-pocket health expenditure, and very low public health spending on low-income citizens. The lack of financing options especially when the population is facing a double burden of disease (frequent communicable and catastrophic lifestyle diseases) leads to poor health outcomes and to poverty traps. Hence, optimal public health financing is important for improving national health outcomes and reducing vulnerability.
Financing Disaster Management in India: Possible InnovationsCIRM
This document analyzes financing for disaster management in India. It discusses the current system of using the Calamity Relief Fund and National Calamity Contingency Fund, which focus on post-disaster relief. It recommends exploring pre-disaster financial risk management options like insurance and catastrophe bonds. A domestic insurance market could help, but faces challenges. With climate change and increasing urbanization, stronger disaster financing strategies will be needed to support India's growing population and infrastructure.
Technical Roundtable on Livestock Risk ManagementCIRM
The agenda outlines a technical roundtable on livestock risk management held in 2010. The day-long event included introductions from participants and their organizations, a discussion of challenges in livestock risk management. Topics discussed included stakeholders in the livestock supply chain and challenges within distribution channels, bundling insurance with financial and non-financial products, and an open discussion. The event concluded with a summary from the executive director of CIRM.
Integrated Insurance & Risk Mitigation solution for diary farmersCIRM
This document describes an integrated cattle insurance and risk mitigation solution for dairy farmers offered through Kshetriya Gramin Financial Services (KGFS) in partnership with other organizations. The solution aims to address issues with existing cattle insurance products such as high costs, lack of information, and unfavorable terms. Key features of the new product include using RFID tags for cattle identification, providing preventive healthcare, integrating IT systems for fast policy issuance, and a claims settlement process that pays claims within 72 hours. The roles of KGFS, a dairy healthcare provider, and HDFC Ergo insurance are also outlined.
Delivering micro health insurance through national rural health missionCIRM
The document proposes a framework for developing sustainable health insurance models under India's National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) to address challenges in health financing. It discusses how health insurance can help risk pooling for inpatient care, increase health service utilization, standardize quality care, and cover access barriers. The document recommends increasing government health spending, addressing supply and demand barriers for the poor, and mitigating risks of catastrophic out-of-pocket expenditures. It analyzes models of community-based health insurance and proposes a national apex body to develop standardized protocols, rates, and referral systems to make health insurance more efficient and equitable.
CIRM's annual plan for 2011-12 focuses on several thematic learning areas and projects. The thematic areas are identification and prioritization of add-on risk reduction services, technology-enabled services like telemedicine, demand responsive simple insurance products, and agent-based and sales channel education models. CIRM will also focus on insurance literacy, government advocacy, and vulnerability segmentation. Many of CIRM's projects have shifted from conceptualization to implementation, with some entering mainstreaming. Specific projects include technology-leveraged health insurance distribution, evaluation of government health insurance schemes, and livestock and weather insurance products.
Health microinsurance experience of grameen kootaCIRM
Grameen Koota (GK) operates as a division of the Grameen Financial Sevices. Pvt. Ltd. (GFSPL), a Non Banking Financial Company (NBFC) based out of Bangalore, India, offering microfinance services to the poor using the Grameen model. Over the years, Grameen Koota (GK) has moved beyond microcredit lending to offer insurance services to its clients. This paper documents its journey in health microinsurance and draws learnings from its experience.
Health ecosystem achieving impact in community health through public private ...CIRM
This paper discusses how the failure of the public and the private healthcare systems has affected the poor. It also tries to explore the possibility of a financial mechanism like insurance and how it can bring about (from experiences drawn from other countries) the much needed health systems reform. This overall theme is known as the Health ecosystem Concept. This concept visualizes public health system beyond the realm of preventive/promotive care and explores newer avenues for Public-Private Partnership for curative care. In this document, insurance is visualized as not only paying for the curative care of the community but also tries to overcome the systemic errors in the current set up by improving infrastructure, providing incentives for man power and bringing about overall accountability into the system. It also suggests the use of technology to integrate and bring about efficiency in the entire health system and generate essential data in the process for evidence based action.
Government run crop yield insurance scheme, procurement at minimum support prices and calamity relief funds are the major instruments being used to protect the Indian farmer from agricultural variability. However, crop insurance covers only about 10% of sown area and suffers from an adverse claims to premium. There are problems with both the design and delivery of crop insurance schemes. These problems could be overcome with rainfall insurance with a well developed rainfall measurement infrastructure. Private and public insurers are currently experimenting with rainfall insurance products. Given the current levels of yield and rainfall variability the actuarially fair premium rates are likely to be high and in many cases unattractive or unaffordable. Instead of adopting the easy and unsustainable route of large subsidies, in the long term the government should consider risk mitigation through improvements in the irrigation and water management infrastructure.
This document discusses weather risk management in India and the potential role of weather derivatives. It notes that over 70% of Indian agriculture is dependent on monsoons, making the sector highly vulnerable to weather fluctuations. Other industries like energy and manufacturing also face revenue losses due to weather. The document examines how weather derivatives could help mitigate these risks by allowing entities to hedge their weather exposures. It provides context on India's weather insurance market and outlines some challenges to further development, such as limited weather data infrastructure and high premium rates. Overall, the document analyzes the rationale for a weather derivatives market in India to strengthen the country's management of weather risk.
1) India faces a growing aging population and need for retirement savings as fertility rates decline and lifespans increase. Only 28 million of India's 397 million workforce are in the organized sector with pension plans.
2) The government provides some pension support but the burden is unsustainable. It is encouraging household savings for retirement through programs like the New Pension Scheme and state-level micro-pension plans partnering with organizations like Invest India Micro Pension Services.
3) IIMPS delivers low-cost pension and insurance products to informal workers through partnerships, seeking to reduce distribution costs using IT platforms and provide a bundled product with CIRM's pilot of life insurance for IIMPS pension clients in Rajast
Review of the current state of world capture fisheries insuranceCIRM
The FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department decided to carry out this world review in recognition of the opportunities fisheries insurance services can offer to the sustainable development of capture fisheries in the developing countries. The review covers the following regions and countries: Asia (China, Japan, India), Africa (Mauritania, Morocco, Namibia, South Africa, ), Europe, the Russian Federation, the United States of America, South America (Peru, Chile) and Oceania (New Zealand, Australia).
This document summarizes a study that piloted an index-based crop insurance product for farmers in India that utilized remote sensing techniques. The study had three phases: gathering farmer needs/preferences, designing and offering an insurance product based on vegetation indices and weather data, and then gathering post-implementation feedback. The insurance product combined NDVI and rainfall indices to calculate village-level payouts. Uptake of the insurance was low but feedback suggested basis risk was lower than traditional products. The study concluded index-based insurance utilizing remote sensing data has potential if accuracy can be improved and costs reduced through government support.
CIRM in collaboration with the Institute of Water Modelling, Dhaka, Bangladesh published a report on Flood Hazard Model for an Index Based Flood Insurance Products for Sirajganj District, Bangladesh.
This document summarizes the findings of a qualitative study conducted to understand farmer perceptions of a new livestock insurance product in India that utilizes RFID tags. Focus group discussions were held with farmers in villages where the insurance product was offered, some with RFID tags and some with traditional tags. Key findings include: 1) Farmers saw benefits of RFID tags for easier enrollment and claims processing. 2) However, some farmers had issues with unreadable RFID tags delaying claims. 3) Overall awareness and satisfaction with the insurance was high thanks to education by agents, but interest in renewals was low due to perceived low value of insurance.
Case Study on Community Based Livestock InsuranceCIRM
CIRM published a Case Study on An Exploration - Community Based Livestock Insurance Scheme, Vizianagaram demonstrating that community based models (CBM) can help reduce frauds, moral hazard, and transaction costs. This case study was presented at the 6th International Microinsurance Conference in Manila, Philippines.
The document discusses Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY), an Indian government health insurance program. It analyzes data on conversion ratios (percentage of eligible people enrolled) and incidence ratios (number of claims per enrolled person) to identify trends and form hypotheses. Conversion ratios vary significantly between states and districts, possibly due to low demand, limited marketing or inefficient administrators. Incidence ratios also fluctuate widely and could be influenced by accumulated risk, endemic disease, or fraud. The analysis raises questions about decentralization, grievance redressal, government pricing, and quality control.
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2. Technical Round-Table on Livestock Risk Management
Executive Summary
The Technical Round-Table organised by the Centre for Insurance and Risk Management
(CIRM) was a pioneering effort to bring together various stakeholders in the livestock industry
and encourage face to face interactions and discussions on the challenges and innovations in the
sector. It was an attempt to provide an impartial platform for potential collaboration among
various livestock sector players to work together for the overall improvement in livestock
productivity.
This conference hosted key players from the livestock supply chain. Public insurers like the
United India Insurance, private players like ICICI Lombard General Insurance Co. Ltd, HDFC-
ERGO General Insurance Co. Ltd, IFFCO Tokio General Insurance Co. Ltd (ITGI) and TATA-
AIG General Insurance Co. Ltd; micro-finance institutions like SKS and India‟s largest credit
provider in agriculture National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD);
semi-government dairy service providers like National Dairy Development Board (NDDB);
private players like Dairy Network Enterprise (DNE); research institutions directly related to
dairying activities like Amul Research and Development Association (ARDA) and international
institutions like International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) which concentrates on
international experiments; government bodies like the District Rural Development Agency
(DRDA), Government of Andhra Pradesh (AP) and multilateral agencies like the International
Labour Organisation (ILO) and World Bank were participants of this discussion.
This event helped to bring together major players of the livestock sector with maximum outreach
to discuss challenges and immediate needs of livestock risk management. Clearly visible were
the commitment and passion of the market and government, for a collective effort to provide a
sustainable tool to protect the poor against losses related to livestock. The participants discussed
various innovations that have been developed to counter the challenges. There were deliberations
on several issues that the players faced to bring about a complete package of solutions for cattle
owners. Many promising solutions were put forward, including community based insurance
schemes and risk reduction package bundling, such as those practised by DRDA, at
Vizianagaram in Andhra Pradesh and in Rajasthan by Pradan respectively.
Various efforts such as caulking the present gaps in the supply chain by DNE and
complementary risk transfer solutions by HDFC-ERGO were also discussed in detail.
Technological innovations like the use of internal Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) by
ITGI attracted a lot of attention. Compared to expensive solutions, other alternative options with
better processes such as using the traditional ear tag were well presented by NDDB and ARDA.
A collective decision for more focussed and concentrated effort for livestock risk management
was taken by the participants. To quote Pranav Prashad, Grant Officer, ILO, "Livestock Round-
Table organised by CIRM was indeed one step forward to direct Livestock Management in a
collective fashion. Hope to see more such efforts geared towards information sharing and
collective thinking which can motivate public and private sector to work together for overall
benefit of the industry". The Centre plans to host this event annually to trace the progress of
livestock risk management more closely in the coming years.
3. Technical Round-Table on Livestock Risk Management
Introduction
CIRM organised a Technical Round-Table on 26th February, 2010 in Chennai to discuss the
challenges in livestock risk management - priority wise and to gauge how it can be solved in a
time-bound manner.
Different stakeholders in livestock related supply chains face different but inter-linked
challenges e.g. if vaccination or de-worming is not done in a proper and timely fashion it will
lead to higher mortality that will affect dairy as well as insurance companies. A lack of systemic
approach presents many issues that are either missed or neglected due to lack of knowledge. A
comprehensive approach to these challenges will help to solve them quickly and generate a
greater impact than thinly spread efforts. The Government-Industry-Academia collectively can
help to solve these challenges efficiently and effectively.
The Objective
The purpose of this event was to overview various issues, challenges and market observations in
the livestock industry and to discuss different models, processes and products to understand their
failures and successes. The aim was to start a comprehensive dialogue between dairy service
providers, credit agencies, insurers, government and academia on livestock risk management.
Livestock is an important source of household income for developing countries including India.
Approximately 100 million households are dependent upon livestock either as a primary or
secondary source of income in India. Animals face higher mortality in a tropical climate and due
to poor hygienic conditions. It renders animal husbandry business a risky proposition for low-
income households.
Lack of infrastructural facilities such as the shortage of fodder, water and milk collection points
such as cold chains, value processing units, quality inputs in the form of good semen, good
nourishment, animal health care and professionals like veterinarians remain big challenges.
These business risks in livestock rearing make it all the more important and necessary to ensure
that insurance is regarded and utilised as an efficient measure to provide safety to low income
households. After a 35 year long history of livestock insurance and with government effort, less
than 7% of insurable animals are covered against death risk.
There is a huge risk prone market in India which immediately needs livestock risk management
including insurance and other risk management solutions. The various market players – the credit
agencies that provide credit for the purchase of cattle, animal health care providers like
pharmaceutical companies, animal breeding centres, insurers, and community based
organisations are constrained by a lack of knowledge about the needs of the other supply chain
stakeholders.
4. Technical Round-Table on Livestock Risk Management
In this context CIRM organised a one day event for discussion on:
Supply chain challenges in Livestock Risk Management: Operational and
Strategic issues
Requirements for bundled products: Bundling insurance with financial and non-
financial product),
Distribution channels and Comprehensive products: Products beyond death cover
The panellists discussed the stated themes keeping a systems view. The aim was to identify and
prioritise challenges in the massification of livestock risk management practices and micro-
insurance so as to evolve further strategy which can be helpful to de-risk the livestock sector in
India. Discussions were around challenges in valuation and identification of animals, risk
reduction and incentive system, the absence of bundled comprehensive products and
unwillingness and inability to pay for risk transfer.
Schedule of the Event
Session Time Title Speakers/Facilitators
9:00 - 9:15 am Registration
Rupalee Ruchismita,
9:15 - 9:30 am Introductory speech Executive Director, CIRM
A brief introduction by each participant, his Panellists were facilitated
Intro- organisation, challenges perceived by his by Pranav Prashad Grant
duction 9:30 - 11:30 am organisation on Livestock Risk Management Officer, ILO
11:30 - 11:45 am Break
Pranav Prashad, Grant
11:45 - 12:00 pm Presentation of discussion topics by Facilitator Officer, ILO
Supply Chain: Stakeholders in Livestock Andrew Mude, Economist,
Industry and Challenges (Discussion on all ILRI,
Session 1 12:00 - 1:15 pm possible distribution channels) Nairobi, Kenya
1:15 - 2:15 pm Lunch
Bundling of Insurance with financial and non- Alok Shukla, Head-
Session 2 2:15 - 3:30 pm financial products Livelihood, CIRM
3:30 - 3:45 pm Tea Break
Rupalee Ruchismita,
Executive Director, CIRM
and Anupama Sharma,
Session 3 3:45 - 5:00 pm Open Discussion Consultant, CIRM
Rupalee Ruchismita,
5:00 - 5:30 pm Summary CIRM
5. Technical Round-Table on Livestock Risk Management
The Round Table had about 20 panellists from Insurance Companies, Dairy Service Providers,
Credit Institutions, Government and the Academia.
Proceedings
The programme commenced with welcome for the delegates and other participants by Rupalee
Ruchismita, Executive Director CIRM. She briefed the participants on the day‟s schedule, the
aim and objective of the Conference, and a brief background on Livestock Risk Management.
Three detailed sessions followed. They were on challenges in the supply chain, bundling of
services and other issues related to the livestock risk management services were discussed.
Session 1: Supply Chain Challenges
This session involved 3 stakeholders: the insurers, credit facilitators and dairy service providers.
Each formed a group to discuss the problems and challenges they faced in reaching out to the
end client.
Groups
Group 1 Group 2 Group 3
Mr. VE Kaimal (DGM, United
India Insurance) and Dr. Dr. A V Patel Dr. S K Pandey
Purushothaman (UII) (Head, ARDA) (Senior Manager, NDDB)
Mr. Parameshwaran Mr. Avishek Gupta (Team Mr. Pranav Prashad
(Regional Manager, HDFC ERGO) Member, DNE) (Grant Officer, ILO)
Ms. Neha Aggarwal Mr. Vasudeva Rao Mr. Vijay Kalavakonda
(Product Head, (Programme Director, (Senior Insurance Specialist,
ICICI Lombard) DRDA, Vizianagaram, A.P.) World Bank)
Mr. K. Gopinath Dr. S B Khadilkar
(Head- Rural and Coperatives, (Joint Programme Director, Mr. Vinod Kumar
IFFCO-Tokio General Insurance) BAIF) and Dr. Raviraj Jadhav (Asst. Vice President, SKS)
Mr. Shubham Mittal Mr. Sanjay Sharma Dr. C R Kanavikar
(Business Development Manager, (Head Dholpur Branch, (Asst. General Manager,
TATA-AIG) Pradan) NABARD)
Session Summary
The insurers highlighted the identification of animals as being the biggest challenge they faced,
and when coupled with poor infrastructure made it difficult for them to scale insurance services.
CIRM in its earlier report “Livestock Insurance: Experiences from India” has highlighted that
identification of animals is operationally difficult and a costly affair for insurers. Indian markets
have typically used the external ear tag for identification. This is a reasonably cheap but fragile
6. Technical Round-Table on Livestock Risk Management
way to identify the animal. Though many methods have been tried and tested by the market for
cattle identification, none of them provide an effective solution. Technologically advanced
products like RFID are more authentic but their commercial viability remains a major concern
for insurers.
The problem of limited infrastructure such as the lack of veterinarians and animal health care
services provided by government and delay in issuance of health certificates during enrolments
and the subsequent delay in risk coverage was also highlighted during the session. Insurers
expressed that post mortem reports and fraudulent claims were the claim servicing challenges.
The percentage of frauds though small, were instrumental in causing an overall time delay for
claim settlements. The question of valuation of cattle and related moral hazards were also raised.
The need and importance of standard valuation chart for animals was highlighted.
The Credit Facilitators stated that the major stakes related to the reputations of their
organisations. They had to face the risk of lack of proper identification of the animal against
which they provided a loan. There were instances when the community prevented the credit
facilitator from making a thorough check. The lack of a standard valuation chart for cattle MFIs
have to depend on the value quoted by the cattle owner.
Apart from challenges, the credit facilitators also discussed the other models which could be
used to offer formal credit. The suggestion was to use community organisations for process
improvement and to use the postal service system as a channel for credit distribution.
Community organisations that could employ self regulations to maintain an efficient system were
thought to be one of the best methods for fraud reduction, and a consensus emerged that risk
reduction services are necessary. Some of the MFIs offer health care facilities but these are not
properly utilised by customers. Therefore, customer education is crucial for market expansion.
The participants also identified the idea of the creation of a mortality fund. This fund could be
used for claims payment in case of mortality. However the legality constraints of such a fund
need to be considered.
The Dairy Service Providers focussed on productivity related challenges. Production problems
were compounded by a lack of veterinary infrastructure in the villages. Poor health care system,
economic non-viability of feed and fodder and the lack of good Artificial Insemination (AI)
facilities are some of the major problems for the livestock sector. It was observed that poor
hygiene and crude shelters in rough terrain hinder the health and well being of the animals. Daily
income fluctuations due to bad marketing channels to transfer milk cause a loss in monetary
value. The milk suppliers have to bear all the losses without being compensated.
The Dairy Service Providers agreed that MFIs and banks do come forward with credit
availability for farmers; but the farmer is not always in a position to avail this facility. At times
7. Technical Round-Table on Livestock Risk Management
the credit availability is linked to insurance and occasionally to other services. To improve the
veterinary infrastructure, the use of para-vet system for animal health care was discussed. Dairy
service providers highlighted that para-vets should be seen as social entrepreneurs. There were
reservations with regard to this concept and regulations of the Veterinary Council of India (VCI).
The session concentrated around fool proof innovations such as the unique identification of
animals and a standard valuation chart to enable market players to operate without hindrance,
complaint or fear of fraud. Community based institutions such as federations and cooperatives
linked to provide the infrastructural and administrative support were considered to be beneficial
to all as it would actively involve the community. Risk reduction measures and government
support for infrastructure were the important pillars for any successful programme related to
livestock management.
Session 2: Bundling of Services
A question was raised. It was asked if insurance should be provided as a standalone product
or if it should be bundled with financial or non-financial services?
The participants were divided into three groups. However, unlike the earlier discussion, they
were randomly picked to form three groups.
Group
Group 1 Group 2 Group 3
Dr. S. K. Pandey Mr. Vinod Kumar Mr. Avishek Gupta
Mr. Vijay Mr. Shubham Mittal Mr. Pranav Prasad
Mr. V. E. Kaimal and Dr.
Ms. Neha Aggarwal Purushothaman Mr. Parmeshwaran
Dr. Amrish Patel Dr. C. R. Kanavikar Mr. Sanjay Sharma
Dr. Shrikant Khadilkar and Dr. Raviraj
Mr. K. Gopinath Mr. Vasudevan Jadhav
Session Summary
Most of the participants agreed that insurance is not the only solution for the risk management
problem and that it needs to be provided along with other services. The discussion centred on
whether it should be bundled with financial products such as credit and savings or non financial
products such as risk reduction and extension services.
Issues such as bundling of personal accident cover with livestock insurance, credit linked
insurance products; provisions of a mandatory risk reduction package with insurance to the cattle
owner and enforcement of compulsory products education by the government were also
8. Technical Round-Table on Livestock Risk Management
discussed in detail. Dairy service providers requested that insurance be made attractive to the
farmers and also urged that the premium amount be lowered. Insurers called for proper cattle
identification to reduce frauds and asked intermediaries like the dairy cooperatives and MFIs to
install proper mechanisms to reduce fraud. Credit agencies also voiced concern about the lack of
awareness with regard to insurance and risk reduction measures among the rural populace which
placed their credit portfolio for cattle lending at risk. The benefits of bundling were considered
by all the market players and there was enthusiasm to adopt better bundled products in the future.
Financial and Insurance literacy for the intermediaries and the end client were thought to be the
key enhancer for a better uptake of all kind of products. CIRM also highlighted that making the
process easy at the front end while delivering bundled products will play an important role in
attracting the lower quintile to come forward to accept the formal risk management and getting
into the loop. CIRM also put forward its point to move towards better comprehensive covers
(products that cover more than death) which will be better value for money for cattle owners.
The Centre also stressed using risk reduction as a compulsory bundling for cattle insurance.
Session 3: Open Discussion
The final session was the Open Discussion. The panellists identified important themes in the
sector that needed special attention. Two critical issues that most panellists felt needed to be
discussed at greater length were the
Identification problem focussing on present models and cost sharing
Process innovations
o Focussing on community involvement - to reduce moral hazard and adverse
selection
o Easy claims process and the use of para-vets as proxy to vets and the related
legality issues
Session Summary
Cattle Identification: Insurers began the discussion about the identification problem. The
emphasis of the discussion was on the proper identification of animals and its importance in
removing fraud and to speed up the claims process. The insurers were of the opinion that there
should be National Level Agency which would provide unique identification to all the animals
irrespective of whether they are insured or not. The participants also said that it will help
formulate better AI and risk reduction related strategies.
Various other methods for the identification of animals, their benefits and challenges were
discussed during the session.
9. Technical Round-Table on Livestock Risk Management
The use of technology like RFID (Radio Frequency Identification Device), its cost
implications and the response of the community to new technology were some of the
concerns raised by the dairy service providers and insurers. Though RFID was thought to
provide the unique identification, it was still considered an expensive and time
consuming method and not everyone was convinced about its use. A consensus emerged
that the experiments of using more technology was more relevant in areas where the loss
ratio is high and that it would not work for the entire country.
The use of improved quality traditional ear tags with better processes was discussed.
Though some of the players were of the opinion that it was good to use new technologies,
some of them highlighted that identification and related fraud are process problems and
that it began when the person who had the duty to ear tag the animal does not tag the
animal himself. Instead, he hands over it to the farmers to implement it. If we use an
effective and more vigilant process the issue of fraud could be solved completely.
Cattle identification and physiological parameters such as temperature recording is done
simultaneously as done by using Zigbee were raised. They discussed that technology and
the process for identification need to complement each other, along with capturing data
for risk reduction to ensure complete risk management. Here too, cost and time were
constraints according to the panellists.
Data warehousing: As historical data on cattle insurance and other animal health care
parameters is not available in a usable form, it is important to store data in a specific format. This
data should be accessible to everyone.
Cost sharing: As cattle insurance is considered to be a transaction heavy business and hence
loss making, the panel suggested that animals be registered in a particular month i.e. have a
closed enrolment. There can be specific days for insurance registration when camps can be
organised for the purpose. It would reduce transaction costs and since the registration would be
done before the village, cases of fraud would also reduce as everyone will be informed and
aware about those who are insured.
Testing different models: The Velugu model used by DRDA at Vizianagaram was discussed at
great length and the process efficiency and financial layering of the model were found to be
attractive features by all the panellists. Process support and ownership from the point of
identification and valuation of animal up to the enrolment process is important. However,
insurers claimed that it is not possible for their staff to do all the detailed work and said that
institutions like Dairy Network Enterprise could fill these gaps, and therefore should come
forward to support by providing vaccines, technology and customised software. Providing risk
reduction packages to the cattle owners will not only help in reducing the mortality of animals
but will also enhance the productivity of animals with good health care.
10. Technical Round-Table on Livestock Risk Management
Conclusion
The day ended on the note to solve fraud related issues and the need to bring in process
modification, which could be bundled with improved ID technologies. The participants agreed
that:
Unique identification is compulsory and a National Level Agency should be created to
solve this problem for insurers, dairy service providers and credit providers for cattle.
There is a need for Community based models to reduce fraud and to reduce the
transaction costs.
Better processes innovations are required to bring about efficiency and sustainability in
the system.
Insurance and Financial literacy is a non-negotiable factor and there are two possible
ways suggested by all market players.
o Government mandates the insurers, MFIs and service providers to educate the end
clients on the concept as well as financial products.
o All market players to come together in a system and divide the work among them.
Bundling of insurance with credit is there to stay but better insurance products with risk
reduction services need to reach the market and provide for a complete risk management
tool to cattle owners.
Way Forward:
CIRM plans to hold this event regularly. The Centre also plans to keep a watch on new
innovations in the field and collective efforts of various players in the sector on regular basis and
to disseminate these innovations through publications.
Rupalee Ruchismita, Executive Director, CIRM concludes, “The enthusiastic dialogue and the
follow-up commitments made at the LRT, has encouraged CIRM to set up a Livestock
Management Network (LMN). We hope the LMN will leverage its member capacities to
undertake innovative pilot projects to trigger improved risk management practises in the
industry.”
11. Technical Round-Table on Livestock Risk Management
PROFILE OF THE PANELLISTS
Dr. C.R. Kanavikar
General Manager, NABARD
Dr. Kanavikar has worked for 27 years in NABARD and presently handles the animal husbandry
department.
Mr. V. E. Kaimal
Deputy General Manager, United India Insurance Co. Ltd.
Mr. Kaimal has been working in area of micro-insurance and has achieved expertise in the area
of livestock insurance.
Dr. Amrish Patel
CEO, AMUL Research and Development Association (ARDA)
Dr. Amrish Patel for the last three years has been the Chief Executive Officer at Amul Research
and Development Association (ARDA), a sister concern of Amul dairy, which is engaged in the
improvement of animal husbandry practices. He has earned his veterinary degree from Anand
Veterinary College, Gujarat and his Masters from the same college in the field of Animal
Breeding and Genetics. He has worked as a breeder with ARDA for three years during his initial
career and later on worked in various capacities with different organisations including UNAID
programme for the Government of Ethiopia.
Mr. K. Gopinath
Asst Vice President, ITGI
Mr. Gopinath currently serves as Head, Rural and Co-operatives at IFFCO- TOKIO General
Insurance Company. His responsibilities include developing rural markets for IFFCO TOKIO in
terms of identifying the demand for insurance products, designing new products and delivery
processes and to monitor its marketing and profitability for long term growth. He has won an
ILO innovation grant for a project on cattle insurance titled “Loss mitigation in cattle insurance
through RFID technology.” He has more than 20 years of experience in the Insurance industry
with extensive experience in claims, underwriting and marketing.
Dr. Srikant Khadilkar
Joint Programme Director, BAIF Research Foundation
Dr. Khadilkar is Joint Programme Director at BAIF. He has been with BAIF for the past 21
years. He started with Integrated Rural Development Programme which concentrated on
agriculture, livestock, human health and watershed management. He has handled more than 15
projects and one of the projects was related to community based health insurance which is still
successful in BAIF operated areas.
12. Technical Round-Table on Livestock Risk Management
Mr. H. Parmeswaran
Regional Manager, HDFC Ergo General Insurance Co. Ltd
Mr Parmeswaran is an MBA from the Madurai Kamaraj University and has sales experience of
more than 20 years in FMCG, white goods, telecom and insurance industries. He has been
working for the last five years in the field of insurance that focusses on the rural sector. He has a
great interest to work with NGOs and worked on a couple of projects as a student. His long term
dream is to start an NGO which supports higher education for economically backward people.
He has a special interest in human rights.
Mr. G. Vasudeva Rao
Project Director, DRDA, Government of Andhra Pradesh.
He is Project Director, DRDA, Vizianagaram the implementing agency for the World Bank
supported District Poverty Initiatives/Rural Poverty Reduction Programme. At DRDA he has
significantly contributed in increasing bank linkage and strengthening community based
insurance models in Vizianagaram. Before joining DRDA he worked as Administrative Officer,
Assistant Director and Deputy Director in the Medical & Health Department, from 1995 to 2002.
He has received three gold medals and one silver medal by His Excellency the Governor of
Andhra Pradesh and was also awarded Bharat Vikas Ratna by All India Business Development
Association, New Delhi.
Mr. Shubham Mittal
Manager, TATA AIG General Insurance Co. Ltd.
Shubham Mittal represents Tata AIG General Insurance Company Ltd. He has 3 years of
experience in general insurance and handles the Business Development and Operations and
Systems activities for the Rural and Social Vertical of Tata AIG. He is B.Tech in Computer
Science and has done MBA in Finance from XLRI Jamshedpur. He has undertaken various
projects in General Insurance such as Direct Marketing, Agency Recruitment and Document
Management. He has travelled extensively in Rural India and supports the Pan-India Rural Team
of Tata AIG in Livestock & Health Insurance. He has helped establish the Pan-India service
network for livestock insurance among other initiatives. He loves adventure sports like
paragliding, surfing, trekking and rock climbing. His heart is in social service.
Mr. Sanjay Sharma
Head, Dholpur Branch, PRADAN
Mr. Sanjay Sharma is a Ford Foundation International Fellowship Awardee (2006-08). He has
completed his B.Tech from the Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. He has provided
Professional Assistance for Development Action (PRADAN), Dholpur, Rajasthan, India in his
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capacity of team leader since 2002 in the livestock sector. He worked as Consultant for Brandeis
University, The Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Waltham, MA. He is the
Recipient of the Heller Sustainable International Development Scholarship 2006-2008 and
received FINCA Summer Research Fellowship to conduct research in Cambodia in 2007. He has
formulated, designed, implemented and supervised livelihood-based projects under the District
Poverty Initiative Projects (D.P.I.P.) funded by the World Bank in collaboration with the Govt.
of Rajasthan, India.
Ms. Neha Aggarwal
Product Head, ICICI Lombard General Insurance Co. Ltd.
Ms. Agarwal is an MBA who has specialised in Rural Management from Institute of Rural
Management, Anand (IRMA) in 2005. From 2005 till 2009, she handled Pan India Weather
Insurance business in ICICI Lombard GIC Ltd. From 2009 she has been handling all the rural
products excluding health and accident for ICICI Lombard.
Dr. S. K. Pandey
Senior Manager, National Dairy Development Board
Dr. S. K Pandey is a MVSc (Medicine) from CSA University of Agri & Tech Kanpur and has
more than 27 years of experience in NDDB. He has worked in various groups of the NDDB
such as the Farmers Organisation, Regional Co-ordination, Management Services, Productivity
Enhancement and Animal Health. He has worked across the country and has wide exposure to
the functioning of co-operatives, Management of Technical Inputs, and was also involved in
policy making in Animal Health.
Mr. Avishek Gupta
Team Member, Dairy Network Enterprise
Avishek currently works with a dairy supply chain company, Dairy Network Enterprise (DNE)
being incubated by IFMR Ventures. For the last two years he has been working with multiple
players in the dairy sector to understand the gaps in the dairy supply chain and to develop
customised financial products and technology to meet the needs of enterprises to enable them to
grow faster. He has been involved with the development and operationalisation of the electronic
backend which plugs a key gap in the dairy supply chain and makes risk management at the
dairy farmer level affordable by allowing entities like NGOs/dairies/MFIs to access high quality
support at a nominal price. Avishek is a rural management graduate and a post graduate dairy
technologist by education.
14. Technical Round-Table on Livestock Risk Management
Mr. K. Vinod Kumar
Assistant Vice President, SKS India
Mr. Vinod Kumar is currently working with SKS as Assistant Vice President-Member Services.
At SKS he manages operations in A.P., Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, West Bengal and
Orissa. Before joining SKS he has had varied experience with well known companies such as
Siemens Telecom Ltd, Bharti Airtel Ltd., Max New York Life Co, ING Life Insurance Ltd.
Dr. Andrew Mude
Economist, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
Dr. Andrew Mude graduated summa cum laude with a major in Economics and a minor in
Mathematics and French from the Gettysburg College, Pennslyvania in 1999. Dr. Mude joined
Cornell University, New York in 2000 for his doctoral degree in Economics concentrating in the
area of Developmental Economics and Applied Econometrics. He obtained his PhD in June,
2006. As part of his dissertation, Dr. Mude spent six-months studying coffee producers and their
cooperatives in Murang‟a district Kenya. For this effort he won the silver medal at the 2007
Global Development Network. Upon completion of his doctoral degree in Economics, Dr. Mude
joined ILRI in August 2006 as Economist at ILRI‟s Targeting and Innovations Program.
Mr. Vijay Kalavakonda
Senior Insurance Specialist, Insurance for the Poor Program, World Bank
Vijay Kalavakonda works for the Insurance for the Poor Program, which is part of the Financial
and Private Sector Development Department of the World Bank. Since joining the World Bank
in 1999 he has worked in a number of areas including a) Natural Disaster Risk Management
Programs in Turkey, Mexico, the Caribbean‟s and India; b) Agriculture insurance including
weather-index insurance in Central America, Mexico, Morocco, Tunisia and Turkey; and c)
Health Insurance in India, and East Africa. He is presently currently engaged with developing
“Access to Insurance for the Working Poor” programme, popularly known as microinsurance.
He was involved with developing one of the biggest microinsurance schemes in the World,
which insures more than 2 million poor women and their dependents. He has several Post
Graduate Degrees. They are in diverse fields such as a) Biotechnology; b) Business
Administration; and c) European Social Security respectively. He is also a certified Health
Insurance Associate and Managed Health Care Professional.
Mr. Pranav Prashad
Grant Officer, MIF-ILO
Pranav Prashad, is a business manager with more than 21 years experience in various sectors. He
has worked in organisations like Heinz and Tata Tele Services. His experience ranges from
consumer products, telecom to insurance. He graduated with honours in Economics and holds a
Masters in Business Administration from the Faculty of Management Studies, Delhi University,
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India. In his earlier assignment with ICICI Lombard General Insurance Company, he was
responsible for the expansion of the company's rural footprint and relevant products. He
developed the organisation's micro insurance plans and implemented large programmes in index
based weather insurance and rural health
Ms. Rupalee Ruchismita
Executive Director, Centre for Insurance and Risk Management
Rupalee is the founding head of the Centre for Insurance and Risk Management (CIRM) at
IFMR; a technical group, which provides micro insurance expertise to the sector. An alumnus of
the Tata Institute of Social Sciences, she has worked with the Social Initiatives Group (SIG), a
grant and research making group within the ICICI Bank. Her work has been in the field of
Financial Inclusion. She has also been involved in developing „Catalytic Infrastructure‟ and is
engaged in „Policy Advocacy‟ in the microfinance sector to ensure sustainable development of
the microfinance sector. She has worked in developing micro-health insurance products for
community institutions.
Mr. Alok Shukla
Head - Livelihood Vertical, CIRM
Alok Shukla brings with him strong analytical skills and business perspectives of the weather
insurance industry in India. He graduated from the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kanpur.
On graduation, he joined Weather Risk Management Services (WRMS), a leading Indian
weather insurance broker company supported by the Incubation Centre of IIT Kanpur. At
WRMS, he handled trading and underwriting functions in the capacity of Vice President. In his
three years at WRMS, he touched almost all types of weather products offered in India. His key
areas of interest are OTC products and product packaging.
Dr. Anupama Sharma
Consultant - Livelihood Vertical, CIRM
Dr. Anupama is a graduate in B.V.Sc & A.H. from Choudhary Charan Singh Haryana
Agriculture University in Hissar, Haryana. She is the holder of a merit scholarship of the
University for Academic Excellence throughout her graduation. On completion, she did her Post
Graduation Diploma in Rural Management (PRM) from Institute of Rural Management, Anand.
Presently, she is involved in looking at challenges involved in livestock insurance product as
well as processes which hinder the reach of livestock insurance to low-income households.